Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504482
D. McLernon
Two-dimensional multirate digital filters, that have explicit periodic variations of the filter coefficients, are defined. Linear time-invariant mathematical models are introduced to describe the effect of finite computer wordlength in such systems. Input quantisation, internal product quantisation, and coefficient quantisation are all considered. Direct-form and state-space structures are examined, with examples given to illustrate the theory.
{"title":"On finite word effects in two-dimensional multirate periodically time-varying filters","authors":"D. McLernon","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504482","url":null,"abstract":"Two-dimensional multirate digital filters, that have explicit periodic variations of the filter coefficients, are defined. Linear time-invariant mathematical models are introduced to describe the effect of finite computer wordlength in such systems. Input quantisation, internal product quantisation, and coefficient quantisation are all considered. Direct-form and state-space structures are examined, with examples given to illustrate the theory.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123641248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504458
S.C. Choi, J. Ramírez-Angulo, E. Sánchez-Sinencio
The proposed scheme describes a subset of blocks required for the analog VLSI hardware implementation of a filter tuning system using a fuzzy logic controller. A system for this purpose was reported by Moreira-Tamayo, et al. (see Electronics Letters, vol. 30, no. 11, 1994) and implemented by means of software. The system tunes the filter within window specifications for the magnitude response by adjusting the transconductance gain of OTAs and by using an analog fuzzy logic controller. The hardware's implementation for each block is discussed and the simulation results are shown.
{"title":"Building blocks for filter tuning system using analog VLSI fuzzy logic controller","authors":"S.C. Choi, J. Ramírez-Angulo, E. Sánchez-Sinencio","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504458","url":null,"abstract":"The proposed scheme describes a subset of blocks required for the analog VLSI hardware implementation of a filter tuning system using a fuzzy logic controller. A system for this purpose was reported by Moreira-Tamayo, et al. (see Electronics Letters, vol. 30, no. 11, 1994) and implemented by means of software. The system tunes the filter within window specifications for the magnitude response by adjusting the transconductance gain of OTAs and by using an analog fuzzy logic controller. The hardware's implementation for each block is discussed and the simulation results are shown.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123669813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510279
Mohamed El-Sharkawy, Anurag Bansal, Mostafa Analoui, Harry Gundrum
In this paper, we propose two new algorithms that use the pruned fast Fourier transform to generate the input to a backpropagation neural network of a dental caries classifier. The proposed systems eliminate the generation of digital sampling detector lookup table and the extraction of spectral feature vectors using the digital sampling detector. The proposed algorithms greatly reduced the number of complex multiplications and improved the speed-up factors.
{"title":"Fast pruned dental caries classifiers","authors":"Mohamed El-Sharkawy, Anurag Bansal, Mostafa Analoui, Harry Gundrum","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510279","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we propose two new algorithms that use the pruned fast Fourier transform to generate the input to a backpropagation neural network of a dental caries classifier. The proposed systems eliminate the generation of digital sampling detector lookup table and the extraction of spectral feature vectors using the digital sampling detector. The proposed algorithms greatly reduced the number of complex multiplications and improved the speed-up factors.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120952417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504453
T. Matsuura, S. Okamura
This paper discusses the design of a FIR filter for signature verification. The impulse response of the FIR filter can be determined as follows: (1) The autocorrelation functions of the handwriting velocities in the horizontal and vertical directions are respectively regarded as the input and output sequences of the FIR filter. (2) The impulse response of the FIR filter is determined from the input and output sequences. The resulting impulse response can fully describe the dynamics, i.e., the velocity, of handwriting. Signature verification experiments on a data base of one hundred Kanji signatures from six individuals are attempted. Type I error rates are found to be 2-12% while Type II error rates are found to be 0-2%.
{"title":"On FIR filter for signature verification","authors":"T. Matsuura, S. Okamura","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504453","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the design of a FIR filter for signature verification. The impulse response of the FIR filter can be determined as follows: (1) The autocorrelation functions of the handwriting velocities in the horizontal and vertical directions are respectively regarded as the input and output sequences of the FIR filter. (2) The impulse response of the FIR filter is determined from the input and output sequences. The resulting impulse response can fully describe the dynamics, i.e., the velocity, of handwriting. Signature verification experiments on a data base of one hundred Kanji signatures from six individuals are attempted. Type I error rates are found to be 2-12% while Type II error rates are found to be 0-2%.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114690924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510242
L. F. Bovolato, F. S. Ribeiro, L. Galvao
The distribution of short-circuit current is investigated by means of two methods, one direct and the other analytic; both methods consider uniform probability distribution of line faults. In the direct method, the procedure consists of calculating fault currents at equidistant points along the line, starting from one of the end points and considering the other end open. The magnitude of the current is classified according to Brazilian standards (regulation NBR-7118). The analytic method assumes that the distribution of short-circuit currents through the busbar and the distribution of the line length connected to it are known, as well as the independence of values. The method is designed to determine the probability that fault currents through a line will surpass the pre-established magnitude, thus generating frequency distribution curves of short-circuit currents along the lines.
{"title":"Determination and statistical treatment of short-circuit currents for faults on the lines of networks of 440 kV CESP system","authors":"L. F. Bovolato, F. S. Ribeiro, L. Galvao","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510242","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of short-circuit current is investigated by means of two methods, one direct and the other analytic; both methods consider uniform probability distribution of line faults. In the direct method, the procedure consists of calculating fault currents at equidistant points along the line, starting from one of the end points and considering the other end open. The magnitude of the current is classified according to Brazilian standards (regulation NBR-7118). The analytic method assumes that the distribution of short-circuit currents through the busbar and the distribution of the line length connected to it are known, as well as the independence of values. The method is designed to determine the probability that fault currents through a line will surpass the pre-established magnitude, thus generating frequency distribution curves of short-circuit currents along the lines.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114745692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510227
T. P. Borsodi, B. Nowrouzian
This paper presents an equivalent open-loop system for the exact analysis and characterization of a general class of sigma-delta (/spl Sigma/-/spl Delta/) modulator configurations. This open-loop system is based on the exploitation of the closed-form solution of the granular error (i.e. the error under no-overload operation) associated with the constituent coarse quantizer. The proposed open-loop system is subsequently applied to the determination of the signal-to-quantization noise ratio for the class of /spl Sigma/-/spl Delta/ modulator configurations under consideration. The results are illustrated through their application to a triple-loop /spl Sigma/-/spl Delta/ modulator for DC as well as AC input signals.
{"title":"Equivalent open-loop system for a general class of sigma-delta modulator configurations","authors":"T. P. Borsodi, B. Nowrouzian","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510227","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an equivalent open-loop system for the exact analysis and characterization of a general class of sigma-delta (/spl Sigma/-/spl Delta/) modulator configurations. This open-loop system is based on the exploitation of the closed-form solution of the granular error (i.e. the error under no-overload operation) associated with the constituent coarse quantizer. The proposed open-loop system is subsequently applied to the determination of the signal-to-quantization noise ratio for the class of /spl Sigma/-/spl Delta/ modulator configurations under consideration. The results are illustrated through their application to a triple-loop /spl Sigma/-/spl Delta/ modulator for DC as well as AC input signals.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124124092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504419
A. Carvalho, P. Martins, A. Araújo
The short circuit clearance in switching of PWM 3-phase inverters in a few industrial applications must be done in such a way that the maximum current and voltage ratings are not exceeded. The probability of frequent load short circuit, due to the load conditions, justifies the use of a special gate turn off scheme. As conventional RCD topologies should be avoided, in power inverters, due to additional stresses in the IGBT, owing to the interaction between the complementary snubber capacitors of an arm, this justifies the choice for a commutation aid and protection circuit based on a voltage limiter. Conventional drives, which have current commutation time optimised for the normal conditions of the converter, react quickly to the fault. This fast commutation diverts almost all the short circuit current to the limiter capacitor causing its overdimensioning, for the short circuit condition. If the short circuit current could be shared between the limiter and the power semiconductor the overvoltage may be reduced enabling the use of a capacitor with almost the same rating necessary for normal operation. This benefits the duties and working frequency. This paper presents the design and operation characteristics of a drive protection circuit ruling these characteristics.
{"title":"Optimisation of IGBT switching by adaptive gate voltage control","authors":"A. Carvalho, P. Martins, A. Araújo","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504419","url":null,"abstract":"The short circuit clearance in switching of PWM 3-phase inverters in a few industrial applications must be done in such a way that the maximum current and voltage ratings are not exceeded. The probability of frequent load short circuit, due to the load conditions, justifies the use of a special gate turn off scheme. As conventional RCD topologies should be avoided, in power inverters, due to additional stresses in the IGBT, owing to the interaction between the complementary snubber capacitors of an arm, this justifies the choice for a commutation aid and protection circuit based on a voltage limiter. Conventional drives, which have current commutation time optimised for the normal conditions of the converter, react quickly to the fault. This fast commutation diverts almost all the short circuit current to the limiter capacitor causing its overdimensioning, for the short circuit condition. If the short circuit current could be shared between the limiter and the power semiconductor the overvoltage may be reduced enabling the use of a capacitor with almost the same rating necessary for normal operation. This benefits the duties and working frequency. This paper presents the design and operation characteristics of a drive protection circuit ruling these characteristics.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"266 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125722867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510217
L.Y.L. Wong, D. McLernon
This paper presents a generic approach to Active Noise Control using adaptive feedforward and feedback techniques. These adaptive control strategies incorporate high levels of design automation that provide generic solutions for both non-stationary broad-band and periodic sound. Practical evaluations for both techniques are presented for a single channel case. After the initial computer simulations, real-time implementations using the TMS320C30 DSP chip were conducted to evaluate the performance of the adaptive controllers.
{"title":"An adaptive control approach to active noise attenuation","authors":"L.Y.L. Wong, D. McLernon","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.510217","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a generic approach to Active Noise Control using adaptive feedforward and feedback techniques. These adaptive control strategies incorporate high levels of design automation that provide generic solutions for both non-stationary broad-band and periodic sound. Practical evaluations for both techniques are presented for a single channel case. After the initial computer simulations, real-time implementations using the TMS320C30 DSP chip were conducted to evaluate the performance of the adaptive controllers.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125999669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504484
C. Alippi, V. Piuri
Problems related to the identification of non-linear systems are analysed by considering as a case study the neural modelling of the furnace and the superheater systems. As far as the furnace is concerned, identification addresses neural modelling of the total heat reaching the evaporator; the process is not dynamic because the heat generation is particularly rapid. Conversely, this is not the case in a superheater where dynamics play a relevant role: identification of the steam and the flue gas temperatures requires specific recurrent type neural models. Identification of such systems, belonging to a one-through 320 MW group, are the first step in developing computationally simple distributed nonlinear neural models for the whole plant. Issues related to training data extraction, training algorithms and stability are taken into account.
{"title":"Identification of non-linear dynamic systems in power plants","authors":"C. Alippi, V. Piuri","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504484","url":null,"abstract":"Problems related to the identification of non-linear systems are analysed by considering as a case study the neural modelling of the furnace and the superheater systems. As far as the furnace is concerned, identification addresses neural modelling of the total heat reaching the evaporator; the process is not dynamic because the heat generation is particularly rapid. Conversely, this is not the case in a superheater where dynamics play a relevant role: identification of the steam and the flue gas temperatures requires specific recurrent type neural models. Identification of such systems, belonging to a one-through 320 MW group, are the first step in developing computationally simple distributed nonlinear neural models for the whole plant. Issues related to training data extraction, training algorithms and stability are taken into account.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134096650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1995-08-13DOI: 10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504470
C. J. Munaro, C. Bottura
This paper is concerned with tools for analysis and design of linear state-space systems subject to parametric uncertainties. A methodology for exploration of sets of linear controllers is discussed. A special notation allows one to deal with controllers assuring performance related to regions of the complex plane. The methodology is applied to stabilization problems and an algorithm is proposed.
{"title":"Design tools for linear state space models with structured uncertainties","authors":"C. J. Munaro, C. Bottura","doi":"10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSCAS.1995.504470","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is concerned with tools for analysis and design of linear state-space systems subject to parametric uncertainties. A methodology for exploration of sets of linear controllers is discussed. A special notation allows one to deal with controllers assuring performance related to regions of the complex plane. The methodology is applied to stabilization problems and an algorithm is proposed.","PeriodicalId":165081,"journal":{"name":"38th Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems. Proceedings","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131527624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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