Amir Aria, A. Maghsoudi, F. Shafiee, M. Momenzadeh
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is associated with nonspecific respiratory syndromes, varying from mild symptoms of upper airway to required mechanical ventilation hypoxemia. A unique feature of this disease is COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) that linked with disease severity and hospital mortality. These patients have a profound hypercoagulable state and in patients with severe type arterial and venous thrombotic events are frequent. Abnormal coagulation parameters such as activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were observed in patients with COVID-19. Regarding the above finding it could be considered as a reason to avoid anticoagulation at the both doses of therapeutic and prophylactic. A prolonged aPTT may indicate a coagulation factor deficiency or inhibitor of coagulation, which can be specific (antibody to factor VIII) or nonspecific (lupus anticoagulant, LA). LA can affect laboratory tests of blood coagulation, but is not usually associated with bleeding; however, it can be associated with thrombotic risk as a part of the antiphospholipid syndrome. In a phospholipid concentration-dependent manner LA recognizes a type of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) that prolong clotting tests. In patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) LA is considered as one of the laboratory criteria representing a significant risk factor of both thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity. Similarities between some of the pathophysiological features of COVID-19 and APS has been focused in several reports particularly in the most severe form, catastrophic APS. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LA on the incidence of thrombophilia in patients with COVID-19, as well as its impact on the inflammation and finally the mortality final rate.
{"title":"An investigation to find the correlation between lupus anticoagulant and coagulation abnormalities in COVID-19 patients; a narrative review","authors":"Amir Aria, A. Maghsoudi, F. Shafiee, M. Momenzadeh","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.18409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.18409","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which is associated with nonspecific respiratory syndromes, varying from mild symptoms of upper airway to required mechanical ventilation hypoxemia. A unique feature of this disease is COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) that linked with disease severity and hospital mortality. These patients have a profound hypercoagulable state and in patients with severe type arterial and venous thrombotic events are frequent. Abnormal coagulation parameters such as activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were observed in patients with COVID-19. Regarding the above finding it could be considered as a reason to avoid anticoagulation at the both doses of therapeutic and prophylactic. A prolonged aPTT may indicate a coagulation factor deficiency or inhibitor of coagulation, which can be specific (antibody to factor VIII) or nonspecific (lupus anticoagulant, LA). LA can affect laboratory tests of blood coagulation, but is not usually associated with bleeding; however, it can be associated with thrombotic risk as a part of the antiphospholipid syndrome. In a phospholipid concentration-dependent manner LA recognizes a type of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) that prolong clotting tests. In patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) LA is considered as one of the laboratory criteria representing a significant risk factor of both thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity. Similarities between some of the pathophysiological features of COVID-19 and APS has been focused in several reports particularly in the most severe form, catastrophic APS. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LA on the incidence of thrombophilia in patients with COVID-19, as well as its impact on the inflammation and finally the mortality final rate.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48433171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mozhgan Kameli Khouzani, M. Khosravian, Zahra Golestani Hotkani, M. Hafizi
{"title":"Impact of gut microbiota in immunoglobulin A nephropathy; a letter to the editor to the recent findings","authors":"Mozhgan Kameli Khouzani, M. Khosravian, Zahra Golestani Hotkani, M. Hafizi","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21439","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>\u0000 </jats:p>","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42962116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Alves, M. Góis, Tiago Pereira, D. Carvalho, F. Nolasco
Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is an aggressive small vessel vasculitis usually mediated by IgG autoantibodies. We describe the case of a 73-year-old male with rapidly progressive renal failure that was diagnosed with IgA mediated anti-GBM disease associated with circulating anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA), where the diagnosis was established on kidney biopsy by detecting linear deposition of IgA along the GBM on immunofluorescence microscopy. Despite an intensive immunosuppressive regimen with plasmapheresis, steroids and oral cyclophosphamide, the disease progressed to end-stage renal failure and the patient was started on hemodialysis.
{"title":"IgA mediated anti-glomerular basement membrane disease with associated circulating anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies","authors":"P. Alves, M. Góis, Tiago Pereira, D. Carvalho, F. Nolasco","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.17371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.17371","url":null,"abstract":"Anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) disease is an aggressive small vessel vasculitis usually mediated by IgG autoantibodies. We describe the case of a 73-year-old male with rapidly progressive renal failure that was diagnosed with IgA mediated anti-GBM disease associated with circulating anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA), where the diagnosis was established on kidney biopsy by detecting linear deposition of IgA along the GBM on immunofluorescence microscopy. Despite an intensive immunosuppressive regimen with plasmapheresis, steroids and oral cyclophosphamide, the disease progressed to end-stage renal failure and the patient was started on hemodialysis.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47384353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leila Mahmoodnia, Shahin Asgari Savadjani, Leila Mostafavi, S. Sotoudehnia Korani, Fatemeh Mohammad Alizadeh, Mahshid Sadat Chenarani Moghadam, H. Jahantigh, Sina Neshat, Ali Shirbacheh, J. Baharani, Rohollah Masomi, Zahra Golestani Hotkani
IgA vasculitis nephritis (Schönlein-Henoch purpura nephritis) is an autoimmune circumstance characterized by palpable purpura involving the lower limbs, arthralgia, abdominal pain and kidney involvement. It is possible that a cytokine storm following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could lead to an immunological dysregulation responsible for IgA vasculitis nephritis in these cases. Reactivation or first onset of IgA vasculitis nephritis is uncommon; however, there have been increasing reports of this disease, as a complication of COVID-19 vaccination. It is possible that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination may trigger several auto-inflammatory and autoimmune cascades. Previous research has shown that Toll-like receptors play a role in the development of IgA vasculitis nephritis. Following injection of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, the uptake of double-stranded RNA by-products will trigger Toll-like receptors, leading to a series of intracellular cascades starting an innate immunity-driven process of cell-mediated and humoral- mediated immunity.
{"title":"IgA vasculitis nephritis (Schönlein-Henoch purpura with nephritis) following COVID-19 vaccination","authors":"Leila Mahmoodnia, Shahin Asgari Savadjani, Leila Mostafavi, S. Sotoudehnia Korani, Fatemeh Mohammad Alizadeh, Mahshid Sadat Chenarani Moghadam, H. Jahantigh, Sina Neshat, Ali Shirbacheh, J. Baharani, Rohollah Masomi, Zahra Golestani Hotkani","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21447","url":null,"abstract":"IgA vasculitis nephritis (Schönlein-Henoch purpura nephritis) is an autoimmune circumstance characterized by palpable purpura involving the lower limbs, arthralgia, abdominal pain and kidney involvement. It is possible that a cytokine storm following coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could lead to an immunological dysregulation responsible for IgA vasculitis nephritis in these cases. Reactivation or first onset of IgA vasculitis nephritis is uncommon; however, there have been increasing reports of this disease, as a complication of COVID-19 vaccination. It is possible that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination may trigger several auto-inflammatory and autoimmune cascades. Previous research has shown that Toll-like receptors play a role in the development of IgA vasculitis nephritis. Following injection of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, the uptake of double-stranded RNA by-products will trigger Toll-like receptors, leading to a series of intracellular cascades starting an innate immunity-driven process of cell-mediated and humoral- mediated immunity.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49209371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Bladder cancer is the single most prevalent urinary tract malignancy in humans with a higher risk in diabetic patients. Pioglitazone is among the conventional antidiabetic drugs. The present study thus seeks to investigate the association between the administration of pioglitazone and the incidence of bladder cancer in type II diabetic patients through a meta-analysis and systematic analysis. Materials and Methods: International databases including Web of Science, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engine were explored. To integrate the results of studies odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR) or hazard ratio (HR) logarithm was extracted from each study, and the I2 index or the Cochran’s Q test were conducted to examine the heterogeneities across studies. Data analysis was carried out in STATA version14 considering a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The 15 examined studies had investigated a total of 5,353,528 patients (1,536,723 patients in case groups and 3,816,805 patients in control groups). The relative risk of bladder cancer was [RR: 1.20 (95% CI: 1.09-1.32)] in pioglitazone users. Bladder cancer risk in pioglitazone users was higher by [RR: 1.14 (95% CI: 1.03-1.25)] compared to those who had never taken pioglitazone, [RR: 1.32 (95% CI: 1.02-1.70] compared to sulfonylurea users, and [RR: 1.57 (95% CI: 1.23-2)] compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) users. Moreover, the relative risk between pioglitazone consumption and bladder cancer was reported to be [RR: 1.27 (95% CI: 0.96-1.68)] in patients with a follow-up shorter than five years and [RR: 1.24 (95% CI: 1.09-1.41)] is patients with a follow-up of five years or longer. On the other hand, the relative risk between pioglitazone consumption and bladder cancer was [RR: 1 (95% CI: 0.69-1.45)] in 50-59 age group, [RR: 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04-1.38)] in the 60-69 age group, and [RR: 1.33 (95% CI: 1.14-1.56)] in the 70-79 age group. Conclusion: Patients who receive pioglitazone had a 20% higher risk of bladder cancer compared to those who had not taken pioglitazone or prescribed other medication such as sulfonylurea and DPP-4s. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42023391151).
背景：癌症是人类最常见的尿路恶性肿瘤，糖尿病患者的风险更高。吡格列酮是一种传统的抗糖尿病药物。因此，本研究试图通过荟萃分析和系统分析来研究吡格列酮给药与II型糖尿病患者膀胱癌症发病率之间的关系。材料和方法：研究国际数据库，包括Web of Science、Medline/PubMed、Scopus和Google Scholar搜索引擎。为了整合研究结果，从每项研究中提取比值比（OR）、风险比（RR）或危险比（HR）对数，并进行I2指数或Cochran Q检验来检查研究之间的异质性。数据分析是在STATA版本14中进行的，考虑到p＜0.05的显著性水平。结果：15项检查研究共调查了5353528名患者（病例组为1536723名患者，对照组为3816805名患者）。吡格列酮使用者患癌症的相对风险为[RR:1.20（95%CI:1.09-1.32）]。与从未服用吡格列酮的人相比，吡格列酮使用者的膀胱癌症风险高[RR:1.14（95%CI:1.03-1.25）]，与磺脲类药物使用者相比，[RR:1.32（95%CI:0.02-1.70]），与二肽基肽酶-4（DPP-4）使用者相比，RR:1.57（95%CI:12.23-2）]。此外，据报道，在随访时间短于五年的患者中，服用吡格列酮与膀胱癌症之间的相对风险为[RR:1.27（95%CI:0.96-1.68）]，而在随访时间为五年或更长的患者中[RR:1.24（95%CI:1.09-1.41）]。另一方面，服用吡格列酮与膀胱癌症之间的相对风险在50-59岁年龄组为[RR:1（95%CI:0.69-1.45）]，在60-69岁年龄组是[RR:1.20（95%CI:1.04-1.38）]，而在70-79岁年龄组则为[RR:1.3（95%CI:1.14-1.56）]。结论：与未服用吡格列酮或未服用磺酰脲和DPP-4s等其他药物的患者相比，服用吡格酮的患者患癌症的风险高20%。注册：本研究基于PRISMA检查表编制，其方案已在PROSPERO网站（ID:CRD42023391151）上注册。
{"title":"The association between pioglitazone consumption and incidence of bladder cancer in type II diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","authors":"P. Ramezannezhad, Mohammadreza Khosravifarsani","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21443","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Bladder cancer is the single most prevalent urinary tract malignancy in humans with a higher risk in diabetic patients. Pioglitazone is among the conventional antidiabetic drugs. The present study thus seeks to investigate the association between the administration of pioglitazone and the incidence of bladder cancer in type II diabetic patients through a meta-analysis and systematic analysis. Materials and Methods: International databases including Web of Science, Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar search engine were explored. To integrate the results of studies odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR) or hazard ratio (HR) logarithm was extracted from each study, and the I2 index or the Cochran’s Q test were conducted to examine the heterogeneities across studies. Data analysis was carried out in STATA version14 considering a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The 15 examined studies had investigated a total of 5,353,528 patients (1,536,723 patients in case groups and 3,816,805 patients in control groups). The relative risk of bladder cancer was [RR: 1.20 (95% CI: 1.09-1.32)] in pioglitazone users. Bladder cancer risk in pioglitazone users was higher by [RR: 1.14 (95% CI: 1.03-1.25)] compared to those who had never taken pioglitazone, [RR: 1.32 (95% CI: 1.02-1.70] compared to sulfonylurea users, and [RR: 1.57 (95% CI: 1.23-2)] compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) users. Moreover, the relative risk between pioglitazone consumption and bladder cancer was reported to be [RR: 1.27 (95% CI: 0.96-1.68)] in patients with a follow-up shorter than five years and [RR: 1.24 (95% CI: 1.09-1.41)] is patients with a follow-up of five years or longer. On the other hand, the relative risk between pioglitazone consumption and bladder cancer was [RR: 1 (95% CI: 0.69-1.45)] in 50-59 age group, [RR: 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04-1.38)] in the 60-69 age group, and [RR: 1.33 (95% CI: 1.14-1.56)] in the 70-79 age group. Conclusion: Patients who receive pioglitazone had a 20% higher risk of bladder cancer compared to those who had not taken pioglitazone or prescribed other medication such as sulfonylurea and DPP-4s. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42023391151).","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42485344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malika Ramdani, Samira Bekaoui, F. Berkchi, Hassane Boujakhrout, N. Abda, Y. Bentata
Introduction: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a major global public health problem. Knowledge of its epidemiology is crucial for its prevention and the optimal care. Objectives: The objective was to study the epidemiological characteristics of patients on chronic hemodialysis, their outcomes and explore their perceptions of therapeutic modalities, through a prospective cohort. Patients and Methods: A prospective study conducted between February 2019 and January 2020, at two public hemodialysis centers in Oujda, Morocco. Results: Around 183 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 53±17 years. The initial nephropathy was undetermined in 37% of cases and dominated by diabetes in 25.7%. About 43% of patients had pre-dialytic nephrology follow-up. Only 32% patients initiated their hemodialysis by an arterial-venous fistula (AVF). The mean hemoglobin rate was 10.3±1.8 g/dL. Moreover, 74 % of patients were under erythropoietin. Serum calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, and parathormone were within target ranges in 67%, 52%, 61%, and 51% of cases, respectively. Since, 80% of patients were not clearly informed about therapeutic modalities. The majority of patients opted for kidney transplantation (KT), with two major constraints preventing its realization, consisting the lack of related living donors and financial resources. Besides, 29% of patients were hospitalized for cardiovascular and infectious causes during the study year. Death was observed in 7.1% of cases. Conclusion: Early detection of chronic kidney diseases in high-risk people, their rigorous follow-up and early referral to the nephrologist would improve the quality of care. The promotion of KT and PD would better meet the hemodialysis patients’ needs with better outcomes and lower costs.
{"title":"Epidemiological profile and perception of patients on chronic hemodialysis through a Moroccan prospective cohort study","authors":"Malika Ramdani, Samira Bekaoui, F. Berkchi, Hassane Boujakhrout, N. Abda, Y. Bentata","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.17370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.17370","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a major global public health problem. Knowledge of its epidemiology is crucial for its prevention and the optimal care. Objectives: The objective was to study the epidemiological characteristics of patients on chronic hemodialysis, their outcomes and explore their perceptions of therapeutic modalities, through a prospective cohort. Patients and Methods: A prospective study conducted between February 2019 and January 2020, at two public hemodialysis centers in Oujda, Morocco. Results: Around 183 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 53±17 years. The initial nephropathy was undetermined in 37% of cases and dominated by diabetes in 25.7%. About 43% of patients had pre-dialytic nephrology follow-up. Only 32% patients initiated their hemodialysis by an arterial-venous fistula (AVF). The mean hemoglobin rate was 10.3±1.8 g/dL. Moreover, 74 % of patients were under erythropoietin. Serum calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, and parathormone were within target ranges in 67%, 52%, 61%, and 51% of cases, respectively. Since, 80% of patients were not clearly informed about therapeutic modalities. The majority of patients opted for kidney transplantation (KT), with two major constraints preventing its realization, consisting the lack of related living donors and financial resources. Besides, 29% of patients were hospitalized for cardiovascular and infectious causes during the study year. Death was observed in 7.1% of cases. Conclusion: Early detection of chronic kidney diseases in high-risk people, their rigorous follow-up and early referral to the nephrologist would improve the quality of care. The promotion of KT and PD would better meet the hemodialysis patients’ needs with better outcomes and lower costs.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41917521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Valizadeh, M. Mubarak, Raha Manouchehrian, A. Baradaran
Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common glomerular disease characterized by dominant or co-dominant granular IgA deposits in the glomerular mesangial areas. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the possible gender-related differences in IgAN at a single center in Iran. Patients and Methods: All renal biopsy-proven cases of IgAN during the last 11 years (2009-2020) were studied. All kidney biopsies had two samples for immunofluorescence and light microscopy. Renal biopsies were reviewed using the recently revised Oxford classification of IgAN. In addition to Oxford-MEST morphologic variables, other data consisting of age, gender, serum creatinine and level of proteinuria within 24 hours at the time of biopsy were collected. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 21.0. Results: This study included 246 biopsy-proven cases of IgAN patients with a mean age of 38.23±13.71 years and a male prevalence of 67.1% (n=161). The mean ± SD values of serum creatinine and 24-hour proteinuria were 1.47±1.06 mg/dL and 1753.63±1049.418 mg/d, respectively. Analysis regarding age, serum creatinine, the quantity of 24-hour proteinuria, the number of sclerotic glomeruli, and the percent of interstitial fibrosis showed only serum creatinine to be significantly higher in males than females (P=0.017). Moreover, 24-hour proteinuria was higher in males than females (P=0.047). Our study showed that males have more segmental sclerosis (P=0.023) and more significant IgM deposits than females (P=0.003). The mean scores of IgA, IgG, and C3 deposited immunological reactants were not substantially different between males and females (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that serum creatinine and proteinuria were significantly higher in males. Males also had higher segmental sclerosis on biopsies. Larger-scale research is needed to confirm our results.
{"title":"Gender-related differences in IgA nephropathy; an eleven-year experience according to revised Oxford classification","authors":"R. Valizadeh, M. Mubarak, Raha Manouchehrian, A. Baradaran","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21437","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common glomerular disease characterized by dominant or co-dominant granular IgA deposits in the glomerular mesangial areas. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the possible gender-related differences in IgAN at a single center in Iran. Patients and Methods: All renal biopsy-proven cases of IgAN during the last 11 years (2009-2020) were studied. All kidney biopsies had two samples for immunofluorescence and light microscopy. Renal biopsies were reviewed using the recently revised Oxford classification of IgAN. In addition to Oxford-MEST morphologic variables, other data consisting of age, gender, serum creatinine and level of proteinuria within 24 hours at the time of biopsy were collected. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 21.0. Results: This study included 246 biopsy-proven cases of IgAN patients with a mean age of 38.23±13.71 years and a male prevalence of 67.1% (n=161). The mean ± SD values of serum creatinine and 24-hour proteinuria were 1.47±1.06 mg/dL and 1753.63±1049.418 mg/d, respectively. Analysis regarding age, serum creatinine, the quantity of 24-hour proteinuria, the number of sclerotic glomeruli, and the percent of interstitial fibrosis showed only serum creatinine to be significantly higher in males than females (P=0.017). Moreover, 24-hour proteinuria was higher in males than females (P=0.047). Our study showed that males have more segmental sclerosis (P=0.023) and more significant IgM deposits than females (P=0.003). The mean scores of IgA, IgG, and C3 deposited immunological reactants were not substantially different between males and females (P>0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that serum creatinine and proteinuria were significantly higher in males. Males also had higher segmental sclerosis on biopsies. Larger-scale research is needed to confirm our results.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46811368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Asieh Maghami Mehr, R. Valizadeh, Raha Manouchehrian, H. Nasri
Introduction: Crescentic glomerulonephritis is an essential kind of glomerulonephritis. According to its rapid progression and aggressiveness, recognizing its risk factors helps to manage a better treatment and outcome. Objectives: This study was designed to compare demographic, laboratory, and renal biopsy findings of patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis among males and females. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study compared age, gender, types of crescentic glomerulonephritis, serum creatinine, 24-hour proteinuria, the number of crescents, and percentage of fibrosis. Results: Of 169 patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis, 54.4% were males, and 45.6% were females. The mean age, serum creatinine level, and 24-hour proteinuria were 37.73±15.32 years, 2.06±1.35 mg/d, and 2084.82±1170.98 mg/d, respectively. Serum creatinine level and 24-hour proteinuria were not significantly different by gender. In addition, the number of crescents had no relationship with age and 24-hour proteinuria; however, it had a significant direct relationship with serum creatinine. Conclusion: According to our study, lupus nephritis affected women more than men, while other forms of crescentic glomerulonephritis were more common in males. Depending on the population, a significant relationship between the number of crescent and serum creatinine was detected. The mean age of females with crescentic glomerulonephritis was significantly lower than males.
{"title":"Gender difference in crescentic glomerulonephritis; an eleven-year single-center study","authors":"Asieh Maghami Mehr, R. Valizadeh, Raha Manouchehrian, H. Nasri","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21436","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Crescentic glomerulonephritis is an essential kind of glomerulonephritis. According to its rapid progression and aggressiveness, recognizing its risk factors helps to manage a better treatment and outcome. Objectives: This study was designed to compare demographic, laboratory, and renal biopsy findings of patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis among males and females. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study compared age, gender, types of crescentic glomerulonephritis, serum creatinine, 24-hour proteinuria, the number of crescents, and percentage of fibrosis. Results: Of 169 patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis, 54.4% were males, and 45.6% were females. The mean age, serum creatinine level, and 24-hour proteinuria were 37.73±15.32 years, 2.06±1.35 mg/d, and 2084.82±1170.98 mg/d, respectively. Serum creatinine level and 24-hour proteinuria were not significantly different by gender. In addition, the number of crescents had no relationship with age and 24-hour proteinuria; however, it had a significant direct relationship with serum creatinine. Conclusion: According to our study, lupus nephritis affected women more than men, while other forms of crescentic glomerulonephritis were more common in males. Depending on the population, a significant relationship between the number of crescent and serum creatinine was detected. The mean age of females with crescentic glomerulonephritis was significantly lower than males.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49332338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a common benign vascular lesion of the skin and mucosa, which happens following different stimuli. Although the common sites for PG are the face, oral cavity, upper trunk and digits, here we report a rare case of large PG on the scrotum. Case Presentation: On 12 January 2021, a 14-year-old Caucasian boy came to the urology clinic of Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran with a large pink lesion on the left hemi-scrotum, which has been gradually enlarged for the past four months with rapid growth in the last three weeks becoming 4 cm in diameter. We resected the lesion using microscopic surgery and the findings in the histopathological study were consistent with PG. Conclusion: Here we reported a rare case of teenage Caucasian boy with large PG on the scrotum for the first time. Although this lesion is rare, urologists should be familiar with it.
{"title":"Large pyogenic granuloma on the scrotum; a case report","authors":"Farshad Gholipour, Davoud Gharakhani, Mohammad-Reza Hajian","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21420","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a common benign vascular lesion of the skin and mucosa, which happens following different stimuli. Although the common sites for PG are the face, oral cavity, upper trunk and digits, here we report a rare case of large PG on the scrotum. Case Presentation: On 12 January 2021, a 14-year-old Caucasian boy came to the urology clinic of Alzahra hospital, Isfahan, Iran with a large pink lesion on the left hemi-scrotum, which has been gradually enlarged for the past four months with rapid growth in the last three weeks becoming 4 cm in diameter. We resected the lesion using microscopic surgery and the findings in the histopathological study were consistent with PG. Conclusion: Here we reported a rare case of teenage Caucasian boy with large PG on the scrotum for the first time. Although this lesion is rare, urologists should be familiar with it.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42250086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mobin Mohammadtabar, Alireza Fazeli, Najmeh Parsai, Z. Aboulfathiyarmohammadyar, Erfan Shafiei, Mohamad Khaledi, E. Zaremoghadam, Ali Rahnama Sisakht, Saeid Mohammadi, H. Mardanparvar
Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the most recent pharmaceutical group for type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment. Evidence indicates contradictory relationships between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and bladder cancer (BC). Hence, this study aims to investigate the relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors and BC in patients with T2D. Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). International databases including Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar were conducted for searching with keywords and without time and language limitations. The reference searching stage continued upgrading until November, 2022. Data analysis was performed with STATA 14 software. The tests with P values lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The four reviewed studies with a sample size comprising 497 755 individuals indicated the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on BC of patients with T2D (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.37, 1.2). The effect of dapagliflozin, canagliflozin and empagliflozin administration on the incidence of BC among the T2D patients were (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.39, 1.30), (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.23, 1.20), and (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.28), respectively. Conclusion: The general conclusion of this study revealed that SGLT2 inhibitors did not increase the risk of BC in T2D patients. The analysis of subgroups also indicated that the administration of dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, and empagliflozin also did not increase the risk of BC in T2D patients. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID=CRD42023389014).
引言：钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2（SGLT2）抑制剂是治疗2型糖尿病（T2D）的最新药物组。有证据表明钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白-2抑制剂与膀胱癌症（BC）之间存在矛盾关系。因此，本研究旨在探讨SGLT2抑制剂与T2D患者BC之间的关系。材料和方法：本研究是一项基于系统评价和荟萃分析首选报告项目（PRISMA）的系统综述和荟萃分析。包括Cochrane、Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed和Google Scholar在内的国际数据库进行了关键词搜索，没有时间和语言限制。参考搜索阶段继续升级，直到2022年11月。数据分析采用STATA14软件进行。P值低于0.05的测试被认为具有统计学意义。结果：四项回顾性研究的样本量为497755人，表明SGLT2抑制剂对T2D患者BC的影响（OR:0.68；95%CI:0.37，1.2）。达格列嗪、卡格列净和恩帕列嗪给药对T2D病人BC发生率的影响为（OR:0.72；95%CI:0.39，1.30），（OR:0.53；95%CI:0.23，1.20），和（OR:0.51；95%CI:0.20，1.28）。结论：本研究的总体结论表明，SGLT2抑制剂不会增加T2D患者患BC的风险。亚组分析还表明，服用达格列嗪、卡格列净和恩帕列嗪也不会增加T2D患者患BC的风险。注册：本研究基于PRISMA检查表编制，其方案已在PROSPERO网站上注册（ID=CRD42023389014）。
{"title":"Association between SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2) inhibitors and bladder cancer in individuals with type 2 diabetes; a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Mobin Mohammadtabar, Alireza Fazeli, Najmeh Parsai, Z. Aboulfathiyarmohammadyar, Erfan Shafiei, Mohamad Khaledi, E. Zaremoghadam, Ali Rahnama Sisakht, Saeid Mohammadi, H. Mardanparvar","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21444","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are the most recent pharmaceutical group for type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment. Evidence indicates contradictory relationships between sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and bladder cancer (BC). Hence, this study aims to investigate the relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors and BC in patients with T2D. Materials and Methods: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). International databases including Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar were conducted for searching with keywords and without time and language limitations. The reference searching stage continued upgrading until November, 2022. Data analysis was performed with STATA 14 software. The tests with P values lower than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The four reviewed studies with a sample size comprising 497 755 individuals indicated the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on BC of patients with T2D (OR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.37, 1.2). The effect of dapagliflozin, canagliflozin and empagliflozin administration on the incidence of BC among the T2D patients were (OR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.39, 1.30), (OR: 0.53; 95% CI: 0.23, 1.20), and (OR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.20, 1.28), respectively. Conclusion: The general conclusion of this study revealed that SGLT2 inhibitors did not increase the risk of BC in T2D patients. The analysis of subgroups also indicated that the administration of dapagliflozin, canagliflozin, and empagliflozin also did not increase the risk of BC in T2D patients. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID=CRD42023389014).","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47309251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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