Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major threat to world health and safety, making it the primary concern of global community that requires immediate preventive measures. Several organs are affected by this disease simultaneously with possible long-lasting sequelae. Disease pathogenesis is influenced by, the type of virus and its mutation, the number of viruses, individual’s immune system and their age, gender, nutritional status, homeostasis between the immune, nervous and endocrine systems, and also physical condition. All of these factors play a role in the onset, duration, severity, and recurrence of the disease. Since the exact mechanism of infection with this virus is not fully understood, in this study we aimed to investigate its effects on the reproductive system in male and female as well as pregnancy outcome.
{"title":"COVID-19 clinical manifestations on different gender reproductive system","authors":"Masoud Bitaraf, Yekta Rahimi, Ramezan Jafari, Fereshte Aliakbari, Layla Shojaie, F. Saleh, Fatemeh Rezaei-Tazangi, Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.17326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17326","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major threat to world health and safety, making it the primary concern of global community that requires immediate preventive measures. Several organs are affected by this disease simultaneously with possible long-lasting sequelae. Disease pathogenesis is influenced by, the type of virus and its mutation, the number of viruses, individual’s immune system and their age, gender, nutritional status, homeostasis between the immune, nervous and endocrine systems, and also physical condition. All of these factors play a role in the onset, duration, severity, and recurrence of the disease. Since the exact mechanism of infection with this virus is not fully understood, in this study we aimed to investigate its effects on the reproductive system in male and female as well as pregnancy outcome.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46896707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Yaghoubi, F. Tavakoli, Davood Dalil, Saeid Iranzadeh
Successful conception in a female patient on hemodialysis (HD) is considered a high-risk pregnancy and associated with maternal and fetal complications. Thus, most such pregnancies lead to abortion or termination to preserve maternal health. Here, we report a successfully-delivered case of a 19th-week-diagnosed pregnancy in a 35-year-old mother with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We present the case of a 35-year-old female with ESRD, diagnosed 10 years ago secondary to glomerulonephritis. The patient underwent the deceased–donor renal transplantation once, which unfortunately was rejected. During the initial tests for second-time kidney transplantation, a human chorionic gonadotropin-beta (beta-hCG) positive with a level of 9953 mIU/mL was reported, suggesting the pregnancy. The transvaginal ultrasonography confirmed the pregnancy at an approximate gestational age of 19 weeks. As a result, the patient underwent four and half hours of intensive HD five times a week and continued until 36 weeks of pregnancy. At 36 weeks, the patient presented to Shariati hospital, Tehran, Iran, with low- back pain. Consequently, a cesarean section (C/S) was performed, and the baby boy was born with a nine of ten Apgar score. Although successful pregnancy is possible for women with ESRD, it requires special multidisciplinary care. Intensive HD and regular fetal monitoring have improved the pregnancy outcome in this population. However, the risk of severe complications is still for the health of the mother and her offspring.
{"title":"Successful pregnancy in an end-stage renal disease woman on chronic hemodialysis","authors":"F. Yaghoubi, F. Tavakoli, Davood Dalil, Saeid Iranzadeh","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.18387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.18387","url":null,"abstract":"Successful conception in a female patient on hemodialysis (HD) is considered a high-risk pregnancy and associated with maternal and fetal complications. Thus, most such pregnancies lead to abortion or termination to preserve maternal health. Here, we report a successfully-delivered case of a 19th-week-diagnosed pregnancy in a 35-year-old mother with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We present the case of a 35-year-old female with ESRD, diagnosed 10 years ago secondary to glomerulonephritis. The patient underwent the deceased–donor renal transplantation once, which unfortunately was rejected. During the initial tests for second-time kidney transplantation, a human chorionic gonadotropin-beta (beta-hCG) positive with a level of 9953 mIU/mL was reported, suggesting the pregnancy. The transvaginal ultrasonography confirmed the pregnancy at an approximate gestational age of 19 weeks. As a result, the patient underwent four and half hours of intensive HD five times a week and continued until 36 weeks of pregnancy. At 36 weeks, the patient presented to Shariati hospital, Tehran, Iran, with low- back pain. Consequently, a cesarean section (C/S) was performed, and the baby boy was born with a nine of ten Apgar score. Although successful pregnancy is possible for women with ESRD, it requires special multidisciplinary care. Intensive HD and regular fetal monitoring have improved the pregnancy outcome in this population. However, the risk of severe complications is still for the health of the mother and her offspring.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43350478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 27-year-old man underwent a deceased kidney transplant. Three days after transplantation, COVID-19 was diagnosed for our patient. Immunosuppressants were reduced and a renal biopsy was conducted, which showed acute T cell-mediated rejection. We intened to share a case to help clinicians to understand the risks that kidney transplant recipients face.
{"title":"A renal transplant patient with COVID-19 presented with acute cellular rejection","authors":"N. Soleimani, S. Mohammadzadeh","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.18389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.18389","url":null,"abstract":"A 27-year-old man underwent a deceased kidney transplant. Three days after transplantation, COVID-19 was diagnosed for our patient. Immunosuppressants were reduced and a renal biopsy was conducted, which showed acute T cell-mediated rejection. We intened to share a case to help clinicians to understand the risks that kidney transplant recipients face.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42321206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lisa Aimee Hechanova, M. Mubarak, Dorsa Jahangiri, J. Bilbao, Leila Mostafavi, Tella Sadighpour, R. Tolouian
Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common forms of glomerulonephritis worldwide. It leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in many patients. At the time of diagnosis, risk stratification is of paramount importance in planning proper management in individual cases. Several studies have been conducted to determine the utility of various demographic, clinical, laboratory, and pathological features on renal biopsy to stratify the risk of disease progression and predict the likely outcome. This review summarizes the emerging data on demographic, clinical, laboratory, and histological prognosis along with risk factors associated with renal outcomes in patients with IgAN. Methods: For this review, we searched DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar, using keywords including; "IgA nephropathy," "IgA nephritis," "IgAN," "Berger’s disease," "Berger’s syndrome," "chronic glomerulonephritis, "prognostic factors," "risk factors," "risk stratification," "renal survival," "ESRD," "MEST classification," "MEST-C classification" and "Oxford Classification." To identify other relevant studies, we manually scanned the bibliographic lists of the identified studies and reviewed articles from January 2009 through December 2020. All relevant articles were carefully reviewed, and relevant information was extracted for this narrative review. Results: A total of 152 articles were retrieved from the above literature database searches. The abstracts were carefully reviewed to identify 35 articles containing information on prognostic factors and longterm renal survival in IgAN patients. Relevant information was collected and summarized for this review. The main focus was on using demographic, clinical, and laboratory features, especially serial changes in these parameters during follow-up, for this purpose. Recently a standardized, evidencebased formulation has been devised to evaluate and categorize pathological features on renal biopsy to augment and refine the risk stratification and prognostic value of traditional risk factors; it is popularly known as the Oxford classification of IgAN. There have been numerous validation studies in various ethnic groups that have proven its clinical utility. Conclusion: In conclusion, the clinicians should also take into account the pathologic variables according to the revised Oxford classification in addition to demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters for early and reliable risk stratification and prognostication in individual patients at the time of diagnosis in IgAN for optimal management and ultimate improvement in long-term outcomes.
引言：IgA肾病（IgAN）是世界范围内最常见的肾小球肾炎之一。它会导致许多患者患上终末期肾病（ESRD）。在诊断时，风险分层对于规划个别病例的适当管理至关重要。已经进行了几项研究，以确定各种人口统计学、临床、实验室和病理学特征对肾活检的效用，从而对疾病进展的风险进行分层并预测可能的结果。这篇综述总结了IgAN患者的人口统计学、临床、实验室和组织学预后以及与肾脏预后相关的风险因素的新数据。方法：检索DOAJ（开放获取期刊目录）、PubMed/Medline、Web of Science、Scopus、Embase和Google Scholar，检索关键词包括：；“IgA肾病”“IgA肾炎”“IgAN”“伯杰氏病”“伯杰氏综合征”“慢性肾小球肾炎”预后因素“危险因素”“风险分层”“肾存活率”“ESRD”“MEST分类”“MEST-C分类”和“牛津分类”。“为了确定其他相关研究，我们手动扫描了已确定研究的目录列表，并审查了2009年1月至2020年12月的文章。所有相关文章都经过了仔细审查，并提取了相关信息用于本次叙述性审查。结果：在上述文献数据库检索中，共检索到152篇文章。对摘要进行了仔细审查，以确定35篇文章，其中包含IgAN患者的预后因素和长期肾脏存活率的信息。本次审查收集并总结了相关信息。主要关注的是使用人口统计学、临床和实验室特征，特别是随访期间这些参数的连续变化。最近，一种标准化的、基于证据的制剂被设计用于评估和分类肾活检的病理特征，以增强和完善传统风险因素的风险分层和预后价值；它通常被称为IgAN的牛津分类法。已经在不同种族群体中进行了大量的验证研究，证明了其临床实用性。结论：总之，临床医生还应根据修订的Oxford分类，除了人口统计学、临床和实验室参数外，还应考虑病理变量，以便在诊断IgAN时对个别患者进行早期可靠的风险分层和预测，以实现最佳管理并最终改善长期结果。
{"title":"Risk stratification and long-term kidney survival in IgA nephropathy with particular emphasis on Oxford classification; A narrative review","authors":"Lisa Aimee Hechanova, M. Mubarak, Dorsa Jahangiri, J. Bilbao, Leila Mostafavi, Tella Sadighpour, R. Tolouian","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.18395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.18395","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is one of the most common forms of glomerulonephritis worldwide. It leads to end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in many patients. At the time of diagnosis, risk stratification is of paramount importance in planning proper management in individual cases. Several studies have been conducted to determine the utility of various demographic, clinical, laboratory, and pathological features on renal biopsy to stratify the risk of disease progression and predict the likely outcome. This review summarizes the emerging data on demographic, clinical, laboratory, and histological prognosis along with risk factors associated with renal outcomes in patients with IgAN. Methods: For this review, we searched DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journals), PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar, using keywords including; \"IgA nephropathy,\" \"IgA nephritis,\" \"IgAN,\" \"Berger’s disease,\" \"Berger’s syndrome,\" \"chronic glomerulonephritis, \"prognostic factors,\" \"risk factors,\" \"risk stratification,\" \"renal survival,\" \"ESRD,\" \"MEST classification,\" \"MEST-C classification\" and \"Oxford Classification.\" To identify other relevant studies, we manually scanned the bibliographic lists of the identified studies and reviewed articles from January 2009 through December 2020. All relevant articles were carefully reviewed, and relevant information was extracted for this narrative review. Results: A total of 152 articles were retrieved from the above literature database searches. The abstracts were carefully reviewed to identify 35 articles containing information on prognostic factors and longterm renal survival in IgAN patients. Relevant information was collected and summarized for this review. The main focus was on using demographic, clinical, and laboratory features, especially serial changes in these parameters during follow-up, for this purpose. Recently a standardized, evidencebased formulation has been devised to evaluate and categorize pathological features on renal biopsy to augment and refine the risk stratification and prognostic value of traditional risk factors; it is popularly known as the Oxford classification of IgAN. There have been numerous validation studies in various ethnic groups that have proven its clinical utility. Conclusion: In conclusion, the clinicians should also take into account the pathologic variables according to the revised Oxford classification in addition to demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters for early and reliable risk stratification and prognostication in individual patients at the time of diagnosis in IgAN for optimal management and ultimate improvement in long-term outcomes.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44747682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome requiring special management. It also complicates the prognosis of many hospitalized patients. Some essential yet nephrotoxic medications and the use of certain procedures that may alter renal hemodynamics further complicate the management of AKI patients. Fortunately, as part of the renal care team, pharmacists can have a significant role in the multidisciplinary approach used to optimize renal patients’ health-related quality of life by delivering safe and effective pharmaceutical care. Objective: The present review aims to explore pharmacists’ contributions to the management of patients with AKI as well as their influence on improving renal patients’ care. Methods: An online search was performed in the databases PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for relevant articles published in English between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2021. Review articles, books, guidelines, websites, and conference proceedings were excluded. Results: Only 12 articles out of 51 initially gathered met the eligibility criteria for this review. The three main roles that pharmacists play in the management of AKI patients are patients’ education, collaborating with other renal care practitioners, and identifying and solving drug-related problems (DRPs). The latter task span includes medication reconciliation, dosage adjustments, and identifying adverse drug reactions. Conclusion: In view of the complexity of the AKI course, trained pharmacists, as members of the renal care team, can play a pivotal role in managing AKI patients and minimizing their medications burden. This can positively impact the overall renal care process as well as the patient’s outcome. Further studies can provide more support to the importance of pharmacists’ role in managing AKI.
{"title":"The role of pharmacists in the management of AKI patients: What recent studies added to our knowledge?","authors":"A. R. F. Nahas","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.17360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17360","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a complex syndrome requiring special management. It also complicates the prognosis of many hospitalized patients. Some essential yet nephrotoxic medications and the use of certain procedures that may alter renal hemodynamics further complicate the management of AKI patients. Fortunately, as part of the renal care team, pharmacists can have a significant role in the multidisciplinary approach used to optimize renal patients’ health-related quality of life by delivering safe and effective pharmaceutical care. Objective: The present review aims to explore pharmacists’ contributions to the management of patients with AKI as well as their influence on improving renal patients’ care. Methods: An online search was performed in the databases PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for relevant articles published in English between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2021. Review articles, books, guidelines, websites, and conference proceedings were excluded. Results: Only 12 articles out of 51 initially gathered met the eligibility criteria for this review. The three main roles that pharmacists play in the management of AKI patients are patients’ education, collaborating with other renal care practitioners, and identifying and solving drug-related problems (DRPs). The latter task span includes medication reconciliation, dosage adjustments, and identifying adverse drug reactions. Conclusion: In view of the complexity of the AKI course, trained pharmacists, as members of the renal care team, can play a pivotal role in managing AKI patients and minimizing their medications burden. This can positively impact the overall renal care process as well as the patient’s outcome. Further studies can provide more support to the importance of pharmacists’ role in managing AKI.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43408336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) combines tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis and is a known cause of kidney failure in children and adults. This is a challenging diagnosis since renal and ocular manifestations may not occur simultaneously and may be present in several alternative diagnosis. The authors report the case of a 28-year-old patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) and biopsy-proven acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Bilateral symptomatic uveitis presented six months after the initial presentation. Physicians in charge of patients with kidney disease attributed to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis must bear in mind the need for ophthalmologic surveillance for at least one year post-diagnosis. Although a diagnosis of exclusion, its incidence may be higher than described. Kidney disease is believed to be self-limited and prognosis still, most patients will require systemic therapy and relapses are common.
{"title":"Take a closer look at TINU syndrome; analysis of a case","authors":"Eduarda Carias, A. Cabrita, P. Neves, A. P. Silva","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.17349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17349","url":null,"abstract":"Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) combines tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis and is a known cause of kidney failure in children and adults. This is a challenging diagnosis since renal and ocular manifestations may not occur simultaneously and may be present in several alternative diagnosis. The authors report the case of a 28-year-old patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) and biopsy-proven acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Bilateral symptomatic uveitis presented six months after the initial presentation. Physicians in charge of patients with kidney disease attributed to acute tubulointerstitial nephritis must bear in mind the need for ophthalmologic surveillance for at least one year post-diagnosis. Although a diagnosis of exclusion, its incidence may be higher than described. Kidney disease is believed to be self-limited and prognosis still, most patients will require systemic therapy and relapses are common.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47144365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: In patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the prevalence of hyponatremia has been reported with varying outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Patients and Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, information about hospitalized patients with COVID-19 admitted between March 2020 and September 2020, including age, gender, and serum levels of sodium, creatinine, and potassium, as well as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), was analyzed, while P value level less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 667 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled in the study, of which 54.4% were male. The median age of patients was 63 years old. About 39.4% of patients had hyponatremia on admission day. More than 80% of patients had mild hyponatremia. The median age of the hyponatremia group was significantly higher than that of eunatremia group. Conclusion: Our data showed that hyponatremia is observed in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and is often mild.
{"title":"Prevalence of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019; a multicenter study","authors":"S. Hajian, Ali Sarbazi-Golezari, M. Karbasi","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.18383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.18383","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the prevalence of hyponatremia has been reported with varying outcomes. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of hyponatremia in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Patients and Methods: In this multicenter cross-sectional study, information about hospitalized patients with COVID-19 admitted between March 2020 and September 2020, including age, gender, and serum levels of sodium, creatinine, and potassium, as well as blood urea nitrogen (BUN), was analyzed, while P value level less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 667 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 were enrolled in the study, of which 54.4% were male. The median age of patients was 63 years old. About 39.4% of patients had hyponatremia on admission day. More than 80% of patients had mild hyponatremia. The median age of the hyponatremia group was significantly higher than that of eunatremia group. Conclusion: Our data showed that hyponatremia is observed in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and is often mild.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47478351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammadkarim Azadbakht, A. Fatahian, S. Yousefi, M. Moosazadeh, M. Fakhri
Background: Today, hypertension is a significant public health problem globally, widely recognized as a major risk factor for death. Blood pressure-lowering herbal medicines and natural products have been used for centuries. The protocol aims to determine the effect of natural product use on blood pressure in Iran using data from previously published randomized controlled trials. The current protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis is designed to determine the effect of natural product use on blood pressure in Iran. Methods: The protocol is developed using PICO (participants, interventions, comparisons, and outcomes) items to assess the effect of natural products on blood pressure reduction in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in Iran. Specific MESH terms will be used to search Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register for randomized controlled clinical trials, as well as national databases such as Barekat Gostar, SID, Magiran, and IranDoc. The I2 index and the Q-test will be used to examine heterogeneity in the effect sizes of individual studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) of RCTs will be reported per Cochrane guidelines, and all forms will be based on validated Cochrane templates. Discussion: This protocol will detail the effects of natural products (interventions) in comparison to a placebo or other control group (comparators). Registration: The current protocol was also registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021231837, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=231837, Date: February 18, 2021).
背景：今天，高血压是全球范围内的一个重大公共卫生问题，被广泛认为是死亡的主要风险因素。降血压的草药和天然产品已经使用了几个世纪。该方案旨在利用先前发表的随机对照试验的数据，确定伊朗使用天然产品对血压的影响。目前的系统综述和荟萃分析方案旨在确定伊朗使用天然产品对血压的影响。方法：该方案使用PICO（参与者、干预措施、比较和结果）项目制定，以评估伊朗随机临床试验（RCT）中天然产物对降压的影响。具体的MESH术语将用于搜索Google Scholar、PubMed和Cochrane Central Register的随机对照临床试验，以及Barekat Gostar、SID、Magiran和IranDoc等国家数据库。I2指数和Q检验将用于检验个体研究的效应大小的异质性。随机对照试验系统评价和荟萃分析（PRISMA）的首选报告项目将根据Cochrane指南进行报告，所有表格将基于经验证的Cochrane模板。讨论：本方案将详细说明天然产品（干预措施）与安慰剂或其他对照组（对照组）的效果。注册：当前协议也在PROSPERO上注册（ID:CRD42021231837，https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=231837，日期：2021年2月18日）。
{"title":"Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis on the effect of natural products use on blood pressure in Iran","authors":"Mohammadkarim Azadbakht, A. Fatahian, S. Yousefi, M. Moosazadeh, M. Fakhri","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.17290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17290","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Today, hypertension is a significant public health problem globally, widely recognized as a major risk factor for death. Blood pressure-lowering herbal medicines and natural products have been used for centuries. The protocol aims to determine the effect of natural product use on blood pressure in Iran using data from previously published randomized controlled trials. The current protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis is designed to determine the effect of natural product use on blood pressure in Iran. Methods: The protocol is developed using PICO (participants, interventions, comparisons, and outcomes) items to assess the effect of natural products on blood pressure reduction in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) in Iran. Specific MESH terms will be used to search Google Scholar, PubMed, and the Cochrane Central Register for randomized controlled clinical trials, as well as national databases such as Barekat Gostar, SID, Magiran, and IranDoc. The I2 index and the Q-test will be used to examine heterogeneity in the effect sizes of individual studies. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) of RCTs will be reported per Cochrane guidelines, and all forms will be based on validated Cochrane templates. Discussion: This protocol will detail the effects of natural products (interventions) in comparison to a placebo or other control group (comparators). Registration: The current protocol was also registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42021231837, https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=231837, Date: February 18, 2021).","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44154875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Kantarci, E. Hacıhasanoğlu, A. Şekuri, Batuhan Oguz, Senay Acikel
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) continues to affect the world, as studies for vaccinations and treatments gather speed. One of the many types of COVID-19 vaccines is messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine, which contains the selected sequence of the viral gene and can translate directly in the host cell’s cytoplasm to produce the target antigen. Several side effects of this type of vaccine have been reported in the literature, including renal complications. However, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis is a very rare complication of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. Here we present a 50-year-old, previously healthy female who presented with renal failure following a COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccination and diagnosed as acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in the kidney biopsy. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis following COVID-19 vaccine have been reported and one of them had an underlying kidney disease. This is the second case of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis following COVID-19 vaccine in a healthy individual.
{"title":"Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine: Case Report","authors":"G. Kantarci, E. Hacıhasanoğlu, A. Şekuri, Batuhan Oguz, Senay Acikel","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.17369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17369","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) continues to affect the world, as studies for vaccinations and treatments gather speed. One of the many types of COVID-19 vaccines is messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine, which contains the selected sequence of the viral gene and can translate directly in the host cell’s cytoplasm to produce the target antigen. Several side effects of this type of vaccine have been reported in the literature, including renal complications. However, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis is a very rare complication of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. Here we present a 50-year-old, previously healthy female who presented with renal failure following a COVID-19 mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccination and diagnosed as acute tubulointerstitial nephritis in the kidney biopsy. To the best of our knowledge, only two cases of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis following COVID-19 vaccine have been reported and one of them had an underlying kidney disease. This is the second case of acute tubulointerstitial nephritis following COVID-19 vaccine in a healthy individual.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47499396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
α- Cypermethrin is a pyrethroid insecticide. Chronic exposure to α -cypermethrin for use in household pest control or through drinking water and fruits and vegetables contaminated with it. The kidneys are an essential organ in the human and animal body because they perform a number of major functions. One of the causes of nephrotoxicity is exposure to environmental pollutants, which often lead to direct injury to the kidney tissues, causing pathological changes. The current study was designed to investigate the deleterious effects of α- Cypermethrin when taken in two doses in the kidney tissues of Swiss laboratory mice. And the Humasan method was used to prepare the tissue sections of the kidney. Treated mice groups showed many Histopathological changes in kidney, among these in low dose in females the shrinkage of some tubular cells nuclei and necrosis of others with vacuolization in cytoplasm of cells in the glomerular shape, the emergence of a clumping of mesenchymal cells in many regions with increased tubular cells enlargement. The effects varied in the form of bleeding at one time, congestion and edema at other times and aggregation of fat cells of different sizes and inflammation and death of renal cells. In males the effects varied in the form of loss of the glomerulus, congestion and dilation of Bowman's space, glomerular necrosis or loss of glomerulus,Hemorrhage congestion, renal cell death and cells hyperplasia. In females and males at high doses, the effects in females were represented by swelling of tubular cells, loss of the glomerulus, death of tubular cells again and loss of the renal glomeruli while in males they were represented by hemorrhage and death of the renal epithelium, loss of the glomerulus and congestion of its tubules. The results of this study confirmed that α- Cypermethrin causes seriously deteriorate in Kidney tissues of Albino Swiss mice.
{"title":"Histopathological changes in the kidney tissues of White Swiss Mice (Mus musculus L.) exposed to α-Cypermethrin","authors":"Maysoon Hussein Zain, Saphia Ali Aitte","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2022.17303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17303","url":null,"abstract":"α- Cypermethrin is a pyrethroid insecticide. Chronic exposure to α -cypermethrin for use in household pest control or through drinking water and fruits and vegetables contaminated with it. The kidneys are an essential organ in the human and animal body because they perform a number of major functions. One of the causes of nephrotoxicity is exposure to environmental pollutants, which often lead to direct injury to the kidney tissues, causing pathological changes. The current study was designed to investigate the deleterious effects of α- Cypermethrin when taken in two doses in the kidney tissues of Swiss laboratory mice. And the Humasan method was used to prepare the tissue sections of the kidney. Treated mice groups showed many Histopathological changes in kidney, among these in low dose in females the shrinkage of some tubular cells nuclei and necrosis of others with vacuolization in cytoplasm of cells in the glomerular shape, the emergence of a clumping of mesenchymal cells in many regions with increased tubular cells enlargement. The effects varied in the form of bleeding at one time, congestion and edema at other times and aggregation of fat cells of different sizes and inflammation and death of renal cells. In males the effects varied in the form of loss of the glomerulus, congestion and dilation of Bowman's space, glomerular necrosis or loss of glomerulus,Hemorrhage congestion, renal cell death and cells hyperplasia. In females and males at high doses, the effects in females were represented by swelling of tubular cells, loss of the glomerulus, death of tubular cells again and loss of the renal glomeruli while in males they were represented by hemorrhage and death of the renal epithelium, loss of the glomerulus and congestion of its tubules. The results of this study confirmed that α- Cypermethrin causes seriously deteriorate in Kidney tissues of Albino Swiss mice.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46945383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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