Adeh Mahardika, H. Kasim, S. Bakri, H. Rasyid, Husaini Umar, N. Daud, Wasis Udaya1, A. Seweng
Introduction: The body produces fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) to maintain normal phosphate levels when hyperphosphatemia occurs. Production of FGF-23 indirectly causes hypocalcemia. Phosphate and calcium disturbances also occur in chronic kidney disease (CKD), therefore this adaptation mechanism applies. This situation; however, only manifests in the early stages of CKD; if the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is less than 30% of normal. This adaptation is no longer adequate and levels of calcium-phosphate (Ca×P) products and FGF-23 still rise. Objectives: In this study, the correlation between both the serum levels of FGF-23 and Ca×P products in CKD was analyzed. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study including 78 subjects with CKD stages 3 to 5 dialysis was conducted. Serum FGF-23 levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and Ca×P product levels were calculated using the formula calcium (mg/ dL) × phosphate (mg/dL). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Spearman’s test were conducted in the statistical study. If the P value is less than 0.05, the statistical findings are significant. Results: Serum FGF-23 levels and Ca×P product levels were shown to be significantly correlated. This analysis of the two correlations was independent of age and diabetes mellitus (DM). Based on stages of CKD, serum FGF-23 levels and Ca×P product levels were discovered to be significantly correlated only at stage 5 of non-dialysis. Conclusion: Increasing serum FGF-23 levels were correlated with increased Ca×P product levels, particularly in CKD stage 5 non-dialysis subjects. This correlation was independent of age and DM.
{"title":"Correlation of serum fibroblast growth factor-23 levels and calcium phosphate products levels in chronic kidney disease; sub analysis of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder study","authors":"Adeh Mahardika, H. Kasim, S. Bakri, H. Rasyid, Husaini Umar, N. Daud, Wasis Udaya1, A. Seweng","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2024.20416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2024.20416","url":null,"abstract":"<em data-sider-select-id=\"0e59b1fc-fce5-41b4-b987-316daa778de4\">Introduction: The body produces fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) to maintain normal phosphate levels when hyperphosphatemia occurs. Production of FGF-23 indirectly causes hypocalcemia. Phosphate and calcium disturbances also occur in chronic kidney disease (CKD), therefore this adaptation mechanism applies. This situation; however, only manifests in the early stages of CKD; if the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) is less than 30% of normal. This adaptation is no longer adequate and levels of calcium-phosphate (Ca×P) products and FGF-23 still rise. <em data-sider-select-id=\"f0dc3bf1-1598-419e-9de6-fe837eadc8e6\">Objectives: In this study, the correlation between both the serum levels of FGF-23 and Ca×P products in CKD was analyzed. <em data-sider-select-id=\"a367eeb1-7c32-4bf0-98ef-e6ae52522dc7\">Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study including 78 subjects with CKD stages 3 to 5 dialysis was conducted. Serum FGF-23 levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and Ca×P product levels were calculated using the formula calcium (mg/ dL) × phosphate (mg/dL). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Spearman’s test were conducted in the statistical study. If the P value is less than 0.05, the statistical findings are significant. <em data-sider-select-id=\"e286c166-6c09-432e-b832-c902b1a13b81\">Results: Serum FGF-23 levels and Ca×P product levels were shown to be significantly correlated. This analysis of the two correlations was independent of age and diabetes mellitus (DM). Based on stages of CKD, serum FGF-23 levels and Ca×P product levels were discovered to be significantly correlated only at stage 5 of non-dialysis. <em data-sider-select-id=\"9b3534d4-deaa-4ccf-8b82-745bb5380661\">Conclusion: Increasing serum FGF-23 levels were correlated with increased Ca×P product levels, particularly in CKD stage 5 non-dialysis subjects. This correlation was independent of age and DM.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"3 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141004683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Zandifar, Jyoti Baharani, Azadeh Khayyat, Mohammad Ali Esmaeil pour, Maryam Ghasemi, R. Tolouian
World Kidney Day is an annual, global awareness campaign that aims to raise awareness of the importance of kidney health and hopes to alleviate the global burden of kidney diseases. It is observed annually on the second Thursday of March. The campaign focuses on elucidating various aspects of kidney health, including prevention, early detection, and management of kidney diseases. It highlights the risk factors contributing to kidney disease, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. By raising awareness about these risk factors, World Kidney Day encourages individuals to make lifestyle modifications and promptly seek medical intervention to reduce their risk factors.
{"title":"World Kidney Day; previous experience influences future directions","authors":"S. Zandifar, Jyoti Baharani, Azadeh Khayyat, Mohammad Ali Esmaeil pour, Maryam Ghasemi, R. Tolouian","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2024.21533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2024.21533","url":null,"abstract":"World Kidney Day is an annual, global awareness campaign that aims to raise awareness of the importance of kidney health and hopes to alleviate the global burden of kidney diseases. It is observed annually on the second Thursday of March. The campaign focuses on elucidating various aspects of kidney health, including prevention, early detection, and management of kidney diseases. It highlights the risk factors contributing to kidney disease, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, metabolic syndrome, and obesity. By raising awareness about these risk factors, World Kidney Day encourages individuals to make lifestyle modifications and promptly seek medical intervention to reduce their risk factors.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"50 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140487436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mirfendereski, Mahboubeh Taghipour, Farshad Yadollahi, Hadi Taghavinejad, Mahdieh Ahmadnia
Contrast-related acute renal failure is a multifactorial condition that involves oxidative stress, inflammation, and direct tubular toxicity. Risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy comprise pre-existing kidney dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, advanced age, congestive heart failure, hypotension, anemia, and volume depletion. Preventive measures include identifying high-risk patients and implementing preventive measures such as adequate hydration, minimizing contrast use, and avoiding using contrast media in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction. The systemic inflammation score is a promising tool for predicting contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced imaging procedures. Further studies are needed to validate the use of SIS in clinical practice and to better understand the underlying mechanisms of inflammation in (CA-AKI).
{"title":"Application of systemic inflammation score for the assessment of contrast-induced acute kidney injury; a review","authors":"S. Mirfendereski, Mahboubeh Taghipour, Farshad Yadollahi, Hadi Taghavinejad, Mahdieh Ahmadnia","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21525","url":null,"abstract":"Contrast-related acute renal failure is a multifactorial condition that involves oxidative stress, inflammation, and direct tubular toxicity. Risk factors for contrast-induced nephropathy comprise pre-existing kidney dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, advanced age, congestive heart failure, hypotension, anemia, and volume depletion. Preventive measures include identifying high-risk patients and implementing preventive measures such as adequate hydration, minimizing contrast use, and avoiding using contrast media in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction. The systemic inflammation score is a promising tool for predicting contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) in patients undergoing contrast-enhanced imaging procedures. Further studies are needed to validate the use of SIS in clinical practice and to better understand the underlying mechanisms of inflammation in (CA-AKI).","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression resulted in increased intrarenal oxidative stress and increased inflammatory resulting in further renal fibrosis. Achatina fulica mucus was regarded to exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect. Objectives: This study aims to observe the effect of administration of A. fulica mucus on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers in DKD-induced rats. Methods and Materials: In this study, we used 32 males white Wistar rats divided into four groups; a control, and other three different groups induced with 45 mg/kg streptozocin (STZ) and 110 mg/ kg nicotinamide (NA) intra-peritoneally. Achatina fulica mucus was administered orally in the last groups; 3.5 mL/d (S1), and 7 mL/d (S2). Post-test measurement of inflammatory and oxidative biomarker was used to determine the outcome. Results: The study resulted in reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in A. fulica mucus administration in our STZ-NA induced rats, with higher dose of the mucus further reduce the inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. Conclusion: Current study showed the potential of A. fulica mucus usage in future management of inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetes and DKD.
{"title":"Anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory activity of <i>Achatina fulica</i> mucus in streptozocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic kidney disease: an animal model study","authors":"Wachid Putranto, Gigih Fitriawan, Ratih Tri Kusuma Dewi, Aryo Suseno, Arief Nurudhin, Yulyani Werdiningsih, Santy Ayu Puspita Perdhana, Nurhasan Agung Prabowo, Yeremia Suryo Pratama","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21465","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) progression resulted in increased intrarenal oxidative stress and increased inflammatory resulting in further renal fibrosis. Achatina fulica mucus was regarded to exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effect. Objectives: This study aims to observe the effect of administration of A. fulica mucus on oxidative stress and inflammation biomarkers in DKD-induced rats. Methods and Materials: In this study, we used 32 males white Wistar rats divided into four groups; a control, and other three different groups induced with 45 mg/kg streptozocin (STZ) and 110 mg/ kg nicotinamide (NA) intra-peritoneally. Achatina fulica mucus was administered orally in the last groups; 3.5 mL/d (S1), and 7 mL/d (S2). Post-test measurement of inflammatory and oxidative biomarker was used to determine the outcome. Results: The study resulted in reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in A. fulica mucus administration in our STZ-NA induced rats, with higher dose of the mucus further reduce the inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. Conclusion: Current study showed the potential of A. fulica mucus usage in future management of inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetes and DKD.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135958021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Food intake during hemodialysis (HD) is a controversial issue. The potential benefits include improvement of nutritional status and patient satisfaction. However, the risks include the possibility of intradialytic hypotension (IDH) and dialysis inadequacy. There are no guidelines regarding food intake during HD. Objectives: To assess the impact of food intake during HD on IDH and dialysis adequacy. Patients and Methods: This was a single-center quasi-experimental study. Thirty patients undergoing regular maintenance HD were recruited for the study. The patients themselves served as their controls. In three separate sessions, they were assessed for IDH and dialysis adequacy (spKt/V, URR). The first session was without a meal, the second with a small meal, and the third with a large meal. Change in measured variables (spKt/V, URR) was assessed by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The McNemar test was conducted to compare the incidence of IDH between three different dialysis sessions. Results: Nine patients (30%) had IDH when they consumed a small meal (P=0.02, McNemar test), and eight patients had IDH (26.7%) when they consumed a large meal (P=0.03, McNemar test). The mean spKt/v and URR were not significantly different in the three sessions. Conclusion: There is a significantly increased risk of IDH due to food intake. IDH is associated with significant morbidity and mortality; hence, restricting food intake during HD sessions would be prudent.
{"title":"The effect of intradialytic food intake on hemodialysis adequacy and blood pressure; a quasi-experimental study","authors":"Shanki Goyal, Ashok Bhat, Sushanth Kumar","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21460","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Food intake during hemodialysis (HD) is a controversial issue. The potential benefits include improvement of nutritional status and patient satisfaction. However, the risks include the possibility of intradialytic hypotension (IDH) and dialysis inadequacy. There are no guidelines regarding food intake during HD. Objectives: To assess the impact of food intake during HD on IDH and dialysis adequacy. Patients and Methods: This was a single-center quasi-experimental study. Thirty patients undergoing regular maintenance HD were recruited for the study. The patients themselves served as their controls. In three separate sessions, they were assessed for IDH and dialysis adequacy (spKt/V, URR). The first session was without a meal, the second with a small meal, and the third with a large meal. Change in measured variables (spKt/V, URR) was assessed by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). The McNemar test was conducted to compare the incidence of IDH between three different dialysis sessions. Results: Nine patients (30%) had IDH when they consumed a small meal (P=0.02, McNemar test), and eight patients had IDH (26.7%) when they consumed a large meal (P=0.03, McNemar test). The mean spKt/v and URR were not significantly different in the three sessions. Conclusion: There is a significantly increased risk of IDH due to food intake. IDH is associated with significant morbidity and mortality; hence, restricting food intake during HD sessions would be prudent.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135958406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Galangin (3,5,7 tri-hydroxy flavone), naturally active flavonoid is derived from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum is proven to be effective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer. However, protective effects of galangin in chronic renal failure (CRF) is not explored. Objectives: This study is aimed to investigate the nephroprotective activity of galangin in adenine-induced CRF rats. Materials and Methods: Adenine induced rats were administered galangin 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg body weight (BW) serum renal and hepatic parameters, and renal antioxidant-lipid peroxidation parameters, histological studies were carried out. The mechanism of action was investigated by flow cytometry. Results: Galangin has normalized serum renal and hepatic parameters, reduced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Histopathology confirms nephroprotection. The percentage number of cells expressing transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) was reduced with galangin treatment. Conclusion: Galangin exerts nephroprotection in adenine induced CRF by inhibiting TGF-β expression.
{"title":"Galangin attenuates adenine-induced chronic renal failure by inhibiting transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) expression","authors":"Deepthi Rayilla, Ganta Suhasin","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21461","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Galangin (3,5,7 tri-hydroxy flavone), naturally active flavonoid is derived from the rhizomes of Alpinia officinarum is proven to be effective antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer. However, protective effects of galangin in chronic renal failure (CRF) is not explored. Objectives: This study is aimed to investigate the nephroprotective activity of galangin in adenine-induced CRF rats. Materials and Methods: Adenine induced rats were administered galangin 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg body weight (BW) serum renal and hepatic parameters, and renal antioxidant-lipid peroxidation parameters, histological studies were carried out. The mechanism of action was investigated by flow cytometry. Results: Galangin has normalized serum renal and hepatic parameters, reduced oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Histopathology confirms nephroprotection. The percentage number of cells expressing transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) was reduced with galangin treatment. Conclusion: Galangin exerts nephroprotection in adenine induced CRF by inhibiting TGF-β expression.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135958937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the role of bile cast nephropathy (BCN) in acute kidney injury associated with cholestatic liver disease. Bile cast nephropathy is characterized by kidney injury due to, bile-related factors, distinct from hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) linked to hemodynamic changes in liver disease. The mechanisms of BCN include oxidative damage, tubular toxicity, and obstructive physiology. Diagnosis is typically through biopsy, although alternatives like trans-jugular biopsy are considered due to bleeding risks. Treatment targets underlying causes of hyperbilirubinemia, and extracorporeal therapies like plasmapheresis and molecular adsorbent recycling system show potential efficacy. Awareness and further research on noninvasive diagnostic methods for BCN are recommended.
{"title":"Bile cast nephropathy; a neglected entity","authors":"Rodrigo Alvarez, Ramin Tolouian","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21522","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the role of bile cast nephropathy (BCN) in acute kidney injury associated with cholestatic liver disease. Bile cast nephropathy is characterized by kidney injury due to, bile-related factors, distinct from hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) linked to hemodynamic changes in liver disease. The mechanisms of BCN include oxidative damage, tubular toxicity, and obstructive physiology. Diagnosis is typically through biopsy, although alternatives like trans-jugular biopsy are considered due to bleeding risks. Treatment targets underlying causes of hyperbilirubinemia, and extracorporeal therapies like plasmapheresis and molecular adsorbent recycling system show potential efficacy. Awareness and further research on noninvasive diagnostic methods for BCN are recommended.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) constitute a class of drugs that stimulate the immune system to fight cancer cells. However, they can also induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in various organs, including the kidneys. One of the infrequent irAEs associated with ICIs is sarcoidosis, an inflammatory disease that can impact multiple organs, such as the lungs, skin, and lymph nodes. Sarcoidosis is characterized by the formation of granulomas, clusters of immune cells that can potentially harm tissues. In some cases, ICIs can trigger kidney sarcoidosis, leading to impaired renal function. The mechanism through which ICIs initiate sarcoidosis is believed to involve activating T cells and cytokines that foster inflammation.
{"title":"Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated sarcoidosis reaction","authors":"Parisa Keshtgar, Parisa Kaviani, Payam Peymani, Neda Kianpour, Samin Karamian","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21520","url":null,"abstract":"Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) constitute a class of drugs that stimulate the immune system to fight cancer cells. However, they can also induce immune-related adverse events (irAEs) in various organs, including the kidneys. One of the infrequent irAEs associated with ICIs is sarcoidosis, an inflammatory disease that can impact multiple organs, such as the lungs, skin, and lymph nodes. Sarcoidosis is characterized by the formation of granulomas, clusters of immune cells that can potentially harm tissues. In some cases, ICIs can trigger kidney sarcoidosis, leading to impaired renal function. The mechanism through which ICIs initiate sarcoidosis is believed to involve activating T cells and cytokines that foster inflammation.","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135485549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE ) is an autoimmune syndrome causing extensive inflammation and tissue injury in the target organs. It can involve not only the kidneys but also several other systems (1). Lupus nephritis is a common manifestation of SLE (2). This disease is an immune complex glomerulopathy disease, described as producing nuclear autoantibodies that could cause immune complexes creation, leading to an inflammatory process in several organs (3). This disease of glomeruli is a main reason for mortality and morbidity in SLE (4 Several morphologic aspects of this nephritis include vascular, glomerular, and interstitial pathology Hence renal involvement could be the foremost predictor of prognosis in individuals with SLE (5). Recent studies show that kidneys are strongly affected in 80% of SLE cases (4). Recently, much attention has been directed toward the possible association of malignancy and SLE since several investigations have shown the association between SLE and cancer (3-5). In general, cases with SLE are prone to developing various malignancies. However, this association is ill-understood (6). Recently, Zhang et al, in a meta-analysis of 48 studies of 247,575 patients, demonstrated a significantly raised risk of overall cancer and cancer-related mortality in SLE. In addition, this meta-analysis showed an increased risk of digestive cancers like the liver, colon, anus, and esophagus. Additionally, they showed hematologic malignancies and pulmonary cancers also increased. Moreover, their randomization analysis detected a possible relationship between genetically susceptible SLE and lymphoma risk (6). A previous meta-analysis by Song et al on 24 investigations demonstrated that this disease is linked with an increased hazard of overall malignancies. This meta-analysis showed malignancy risk in both sexes and several organs; however, SLE might diminish the incidence of cutaneous melanoma and prostate cancer. Meanwhile, SLE was not notably associated with colorectal, uterus, ovarian, brain, breast, or pancreatic cancers. Song and colleagues finally concluded that SLE could be associated with an enhanced risk for sixteen involved cancers (7). Several explanations have been presented to describe the association between SLE and cancer. For example, smoking could be a noteworthy etiologic parameter for malignancy development in SLE. Other research done by Wu et al showed that lung cancer risk in SLE cases who were smokers was detected to be increased approximately four times (8). Likewise, Bernatsky et al presented that the risk of breast tumors in SLE could be affected by autoantibodies or drug therapy, like antimalarial agents (9). Furthermore, others suggested that increased risk ARTICLE INFO
{"title":"Cancer in systemic lupus erythematosus; a letter to the editor on current concepts","authors":"Leila Alem, Maryam Ghasemi, Sanam Saeifar, Zahra Mojtahedi, Maryam Alem","doi":"10.34172/jnp.2023.21514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2023.21514","url":null,"abstract":"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE ) is an autoimmune syndrome causing extensive inflammation and tissue injury in the target organs. It can involve not only the kidneys but also several other systems (1). Lupus nephritis is a common manifestation of SLE (2). This disease is an immune complex glomerulopathy disease, described as producing nuclear autoantibodies that could cause immune complexes creation, leading to an inflammatory process in several organs (3). This disease of glomeruli is a main reason for mortality and morbidity in SLE (4 Several morphologic aspects of this nephritis include vascular, glomerular, and interstitial pathology Hence renal involvement could be the foremost predictor of prognosis in individuals with SLE (5). Recent studies show that kidneys are strongly affected in 80% of SLE cases (4). Recently, much attention has been directed toward the possible association of malignancy and SLE since several investigations have shown the association between SLE and cancer (3-5). In general, cases with SLE are prone to developing various malignancies. However, this association is ill-understood (6). Recently, Zhang et al, in a meta-analysis of 48 studies of 247,575 patients, demonstrated a significantly raised risk of overall cancer and cancer-related mortality in SLE. In addition, this meta-analysis showed an increased risk of digestive cancers like the liver, colon, anus, and esophagus. Additionally, they showed hematologic malignancies and pulmonary cancers also increased. Moreover, their randomization analysis detected a possible relationship between genetically susceptible SLE and lymphoma risk (6). A previous meta-analysis by Song et al on 24 investigations demonstrated that this disease is linked with an increased hazard of overall malignancies. This meta-analysis showed malignancy risk in both sexes and several organs; however, SLE might diminish the incidence of cutaneous melanoma and prostate cancer. Meanwhile, SLE was not notably associated with colorectal, uterus, ovarian, brain, breast, or pancreatic cancers. Song and colleagues finally concluded that SLE could be associated with an enhanced risk for sixteen involved cancers (7). Several explanations have been presented to describe the association between SLE and cancer. For example, smoking could be a noteworthy etiologic parameter for malignancy development in SLE. Other research done by Wu et al showed that lung cancer risk in SLE cases who were smokers was detected to be increased approximately four times (8). Likewise, Bernatsky et al presented that the risk of breast tumors in SLE could be affected by autoantibodies or drug therapy, like antimalarial agents (9). Furthermore, others suggested that increased risk ARTICLE INFO","PeriodicalId":16515,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Nephropathology","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136073245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Fakhri, M. Yousofpour, M. Moosazadeh, A. Fatahian, M. Azadbakht, Melina Ramezanpour
Introduction: Hypertension is considered a significant and highly prevalent public health problem. Due to the wide application of the medicinal herb Nigella sativa in managing this condition, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of N. sativa consumption on reducing blood pressure (BP) levels using a systematic review and meta-analysis approach. Materials and Methods: Multiple online databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, Web of Science, and the Google Scholar search engine, were searched using standard keywords to identify relevant articles up to May 9, 2022. Data were analyzed using STATA 14 software, and the significance level was taken as P<0.05 for all tests. Results: From the total of 12 reviewed studies with a sample size of 854, the consumption of N. sativa powder (SMD: -0.46; 95% CI: -0.63, -0.30) and N. sativa oil (SMD: -2.04; 95% CI: -2.75, -1.34) lowered the systolic BP (SBP) levels. The consumption of N. sativa powder (SMD: -0.45; 95% CI: -0.63, -0.28) and N. sativa oil (SMD: -2.31; 95% CI: -3.05, -1.57) altered the diastolic BP (DBP) level. Then, the standard effect sizes of N. sativa consumption on triglyceride (SMD: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.29, 0), LDL-C (SMD: -0.35; 95% CI: -0.54, -0.17), HDL-C (SMD: 0.01; 95% CI: -0.14, 0.16) and FBS (SMD: -0.36; 95% CI: -0.58, -0.15) levels were measured. Conclusion: Nigella sativa consumption showed a higher impact on reducing SBP than DBP levels. In addition, the consumption of N. sativa oil was more effective in lowering BP levels than N. sativa powder. Hence, further research is suggested to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of N. sativa oil and powder. Registration: This study has been compiled based on the PRISMA checklist, and its protocol was registered on the PROSPERO website (ID: CRD42022336951).
引言：高血压被认为是一个重要且高度普遍的公共卫生问题。由于草药Nigella sativa在治疗这种疾病方面的广泛应用，本研究旨在通过系统综述和荟萃分析方法评估食用N.sativa对降低血压（BP）水平的影响。材料和方法：使用标准关键词搜索多个在线数据库，包括PubMed、Scopus、Cochrane、Web of Science和Google Scholar搜索引擎，以识别截至2022年5月9日的相关文章。使用STATA 14软件对数据进行分析，所有测试的显著性水平均为P<0.05。结果：在总共12项样本量为854的综述研究中，食用N.sativa粉末（SMD:-0.46；95%CI:-0.63，-0.30）和N.satival油（SMD:-2.04；95%CI:-2.75，-1.34）可降低收缩压（SBP）水平。食用N.sativa粉（SMD:-0.45；95%CI:-0.63，-0.28）和N.satival油（SMD:-2.31；95%CI:-3.05，-1.57）可改变舒张压（DBP）水平。然后，测定了食用N.sativa对甘油三酯（SMD:-0.14；95%CI:-0.29，0）、LDL-C（SMD:-0.35；95%CI:-0.54，-0.17）、HDL-C（SMD:0.01；95%CI:-0.14，0.16）和FBS（SMD:-0.56；95%CI:0.58，-0.115）水平的标准效应大小。结论：与DBP水平相比，食用Nigella sativa对降低SBP的影响更大。此外，食用紫花苜蓿油比食用紫花苜蓿粉更能有效降低血压。因此，建议进行进一步的研究，以评估和比较N.sativa油和粉末的有效性。注册：本研究基于PRISMA检查表编制，其方案已在PROSPERO网站（ID:CRD42022336951）上注册。
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