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A Model Strategic Framework for Prioritization and Development of Inland Water Bodies under Fisheries and Aquaculture 渔业和水产养殖下内陆水体优先排序和开发的示范战略框架
Pub Date : 2015-07-28 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000140
K. Roy
The present article summarizes the available management options and strategies for development of fisheries & aquaculture in inland water bodies. Each section focuses on the key issues or parameters that are crucial from fisheries and/or aquaculture point of view.
本文概述了在内陆水体发展渔业和水产养殖的现有管理选择和战略。每一节侧重于从渔业和/或水产养殖的角度来看至关重要的关键问题或参数。
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引用次数: 5
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Phytoplankton Assemblages and Physico-Chemical Characterization in Three Similar Dams 3个类似坝中浮游植物群落的时空变异及理化特征
Pub Date : 2015-07-28 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000138
Narges Rostamian, Ebrahim Masoudi, M. Gerami, Sirvan Azizpour, S. Ullah
The present preliminary study was undertaken from April to September 2013 in order to assess the limnological factors and phytoplankton communities in three dams, having depth of 6 m and area of 10 ± 2 Hectares, at Node Khanduz (Dam 1), Seyed Abad (Dam 2) and Marzban (Dam 3) in Azad Shahr, Gorgan, Iran. During the study period, a total number of 8 families and 28 genera were identified from all sampling sites. Of these 28 genera, 6 genera were belonging to family Bacillariophyceae, 5 genera were from Cyanophyceae, 2 genera from Charophycea, 2 genera from Chrysophyceae, 2 genera from Euglenophyceae, 8 genera from Chlorophyceae, 2 genera from Dinophyceae and 1 genus was belonging to Xanthophyceae. It was concluded that all the dams were having very well balanced phytoplankton communities yet changes in individuals’ composition and numbers were significantly varying among the three studied dams. Further studies focusing on other factors such as presence of heavy metals in the dams and of lengthy periods are recommended.
本初步研究于2013年4月至9月进行,目的是评估位于伊朗戈尔干Azad Shahr的Node Khanduz(1号水坝)、Seyed Abad(2号水坝)和Marzban(3号水坝)三座水坝的湖泊因子和浮游植物群落,这些水坝深度为6 m,面积为10±2公顷。在研究期间,所有采样点共鉴定出8科28属。其中硅藻科6属,蓝藻科5属,藻科2属,藻科2属,绿藻科2属,绿藻科8属,藻科2属,黄藻科1属。结果表明,3个坝的浮游植物群落均处于较好的平衡状态,但个体组成和数量的变化差异较大。建议进一步研究其他因素,如水坝中重金属的存在和长时间的存在。
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引用次数: 4
Fishing Methods and their Implications for a Sustainable Environment 捕鱼方法及其对可持续环境的影响
Pub Date : 2015-07-28 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000139
Olaniyan Rf
Commercial fishes found in Nigeria have been discovered over several thousand years ago. They are found in the Nigeria water ways such as, stream, lakes, rivers lagoon and even the sea. Notably among the fishes are the Cat fish (Scaly and non-scaly etc.). It has been established that protein from foods of animals origin is dangerously lacking in the diets of Nigerians and most Africans Idodo-Umeh (2003).The supply of meat from games and various domestic animals are not enough to meet the protein demand of the growing population in most African countries (Federal Department of Fisheries, 2003).The importance of fish protein in Nigeria cannot be over emphasized since more than 40% of the animal protein consumed by an average Nigeria comes from fish. Thus the total demand for fish in Nigeria is expected to increase since the population is increasing.
在尼日利亚发现的商业鱼类早在几千年前就被发现了。它们在尼日利亚的水道中被发现,如小溪、湖泊、河流、泻湖甚至海洋。鱼类中值得注意的是猫鱼(有鳞和无鳞等)。已经确定的是,在尼日利亚人和大多数非洲人的饮食中,动物源性食物中的蛋白质是危险的缺乏。在大多数非洲国家,野味和各种家畜的肉类供应不足以满足不断增长的人口对蛋白质的需求(联邦渔业部,2003年)。鱼类蛋白在尼日利亚的重要性再怎么强调也不为过,因为尼日利亚人平均消费的动物蛋白中有40%以上来自鱼类。因此,由于人口不断增加,尼日利亚对鱼类的总需求预计会增加。
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引用次数: 4
Ornamental Fishery in Rio Negro (Amazon region), Brazil: Combining Social, Economic and Fishery Analyses 巴西里奥内格罗(亚马逊地区)的观赏渔业:结合社会、经济和渔业分析
Pub Date : 2015-07-16 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000143
Benzaken S Zehev, A. Vera, Benzaken Asher, R. Raimundo
The cardinal tetra is the number one export species in the ornamental fish trade industry in Brazil, accounting for 70% of the total amount of Brazilian fish exports [1]. The cardinal tetra inhabits the middle and upper Negro River, and its trade corresponds to 60% of the economy of the Barcelos municipality. However, fishery data have yet to be collected to better evaluate the effects of this artisanal fishery on fish populations. The present work presents data obtained from field collection interviews and a sample fishery. The data correspond to the quantity of fish caught per collection region, how many people were involved in the activity, the number of nets used, and the catch volume. Data from fisherman interviews and the type of fishing were compared for corroboration of the findings and to assist in calculating the number of fish extracted from the collecting areas during different times of the year. Altogether, these data were used to determine whether ornamental fisheries are sustainable. The present study shows that a fisheries observatory program is viable for the ornamental fish market and can be combined to increase sales, which emphasizes the preservation and wellbeing of the local communities that are active in this trade, as accomplished by the “fair trade coffee market”. We hope this idea can be pursued further by local authorities, and with better data, the preservation of the aquatic fauna can be prioritized because aquatic fauna preservation increases sales
在巴西观赏鱼贸易行业中,四利乐是第一大出口品种,占巴西鱼类出口总额的70%[1]。红衣主教居住在内格罗河中上游,其贸易占巴塞罗斯市经济的60%。然而,为了更好地评价这种手工渔业对鱼类种群的影响,尚未收集渔业数据。本工作提供了从实地收集访谈和抽样渔业中获得的数据。这些数据对应于每个收集区域的渔获量、参与活动的人数、使用的渔网数量和渔获量。对来自渔民访谈的数据和捕鱼类型进行了比较,以证实调查结果,并协助计算在一年中不同时间从收集区提取的鱼的数量。总的来说,这些数据被用来确定观赏渔业是否可持续。目前的研究表明,渔业观察站计划对于观赏鱼市场是可行的,可以结合起来增加销售,这强调了在这种贸易中活跃的当地社区的保护和福祉,正如“公平贸易咖啡市场”所完成的那样。我们希望这个想法可以被地方当局进一步推行,有了更好的数据,水生动物的保护可以被优先考虑,因为水生动物的保护可以增加销售
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引用次数: 27
Utilization of Treated Duckweed Meal (Lemna pausicostata) as Plant Protein Supplement in African Mud Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Juvenile Diets 处理浮萍粉在非洲泥鲶幼鱼饲料中作为植物蛋白补充的应用
Pub Date : 2015-07-12 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000141
Sogbesan Oa, O. Cf, Adedeji Ha, Idowu Ta
The utilization of treated duckweed (Lemna pauciscostata) as soybean supplement in the diet of African mud catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was carried out for 6 weeks (42 days). Freshly harvested duckweed was given varying treatments (raw, soaked in potash (maize cob as solution), sundried and blanched (at 100°C)) were included at 50% inclusion level. The experimental set up was in triplicate. The result showed highest mean weight gain in the diet 1 (Control diet) and followed by the diet 5 (blanched diet) while diet 2 (raw duckweed) gave the lowest mean weight gain. The food conversion ratio, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio followed the same pattern. There was no significant difference between the net profit value of control diet (601.1) and the blanched diet (592.66) (p>0.05) and the blanched diet gave the best benefit cost ratio (BCF). Apart from been viable supplement for soybean meal in the diet of Clarias gariepinus, blanching of duckweed gave better performance than other treatments.
在非洲泥鲶(Clarias gariepinus)日粮中添加处理过的浮萍(lena pauciscostata)作为大豆补充剂,试验为期6周(42 d)。新鲜收获的浮萍被给予不同的处理(生的,在钾肥中浸泡(玉米芯作为溶液),晒干和漂白(在100°C)),包括在50%的包含水平。实验设为三份。结果表明,饲粮1(对照饲粮)的平均增重最高,饲粮5(焯水饲粮)次之,饲粮2(生浮萍饲粮)的平均增重最低。食物转化率、特定生长率和蛋白质效率均呈相同规律。对照饲粮的净利润值(601.1)与焯水饲粮的净利润值(592.66)无显著差异(p < 0.05),焯水饲粮的效益成本比(BCF)最佳。浮萍焯水处理除可作为豆粕的有效补充外,其处理效果优于其他处理。
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引用次数: 10
Recirculating Aquaculture Systems in China-Current Application and Prospects 循环水养殖系统在中国的应用现状与展望
Pub Date : 2015-06-25 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000134
L. Ying, Li Baoliang, Shi Ce, Sun Guoxiang
Volume 6 • Issue 3 • 1000134 Fish Aquac J ISSN: 2150-3508 FAJ, an open access journal For the past 20 years, aquaculture has seen a worldwide expansion and is the fastest growing food-producing sector in the world, with an average annual growth rate of 6-8%. World aquaculture has grown tremendously during the last sixty years from a production of less than a million tonne in the early 1950s to 90.43 million tonnes by 2012. Of this production, 66.63 million tonnes, or 73.68%, was fish. Aquaculture is now fully comparable to marine capture fisheries when measured by volume of output on global scale. The contribution from aquaculture to the world total fish production of capture and aquaculture in 2012 reached 42.2%, up from 25.7% in 2000.
水产养殖J ISSN: 2150-3508 FAJ,开放获取期刊在过去的20年里,水产养殖在全球范围内扩张,是世界上增长最快的粮食生产部门,年平均增长率为6-8%。世界水产养殖在过去六十年中有了巨大的增长,从1950年代初不到100万吨的产量增加到2012年的9043万吨。其中,鱼类产量为6663万吨,占73.68%。以全球规模的产量衡量,水产养殖现在完全可与海洋捕捞渔业相媲美。2012年,水产养殖对世界捕捞和水产养殖总产量的贡献达到42.2%,高于2000年的25.7%。
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引用次数: 6
A Short Review on Infectious Viruses in Cultural Shrimps (Penaeidae Family) 对虾(对虾科)感染病毒研究综述
Pub Date : 2015-06-25 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000136
M. Ganjoor
A major constraint limiting the shrimp production is diseases. Shrimp aquaculture is an important industry in many countries especially Southeast Asia and Iran. In cultured pond, the shrimp may be infected with several pathogens such as several viruses. There are at least six lethal viruses affecting penaeid shrimps production in the world especially Southeast Asia and Thailand. However, known viral pathogen in shrimp is about 20. They have been identified from 1970. Incidence of infection in artificial condition is more than nature. The 6 viruses are very important and they cause serious problem for shrimp cultivation and economic losses. They are consisting of HPV, IHHNV, MBV, TSV, WSSV and YHV. Two of them are highly pathogenic and lethal in shrimp such as WSSV and TSV. Shrimp aquaculture is a successful activity. Despite this success, annual production decreased in the latter because of widespread epidemics (epizootics) caused by new viral pathogens. Molecular diagnostic methods such as PCR are tools to detection viral diseases in shrimp in many parts of the world. Pathological methods and electron microscopy are good tools to detection viral disease especially at the first outbreak. Sanitary methods are the best way to control and prevention of viral diseases.
疾病是制约虾类生产的主要因素。对虾养殖是许多国家的重要产业,尤其是东南亚和伊朗。在养殖池塘中,对虾可能感染多种病原体,如几种病毒。在世界上,尤其是东南亚和泰国,至少有六种致命病毒影响对虾的生产。然而,已知的虾类病毒致病菌约为20种。他们从1970年就被确认了。人工条件下的感染发生率高于自然条件。这6种病毒对对虾养殖造成了严重的危害和经济损失。它们由HPV、IHHNV、MBV、TSV、WSSV和YHV组成。其中2种对虾具有高致病性和致死率,如WSSV和TSV。对虾养殖是一项成功的活动。尽管取得了这一成功,但由于新的病毒性病原体引起的广泛流行病(动物流行病),后者的年产量有所下降。PCR等分子诊断方法是世界上许多地区检测虾类病毒性疾病的工具。病理方法和电子显微镜是检测病毒性疾病的良好工具,特别是在首次暴发时。卫生方法是控制和预防病毒性疾病的最佳途径。
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引用次数: 15
Polysaccharides in Aquatic Disease Management 水生疾病管理中的多糖
Pub Date : 2015-06-18 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000135
Thangap, I. Marudhup, Dhinakarasamy Inbak, An
Aquaculture is one of fast growing food producing sector in the world. Diseases and out breaks are painstaking as the major problem for this industry. Traditional approaches to control diseases in aquaculture comprise the use of antibiotics and chemical disinfectants, but they are no longer recommended due to the emergence of resistant strains of pathogens and accumulation of residues in the environment and non-target organisms. Although, vaccination is an effective means of disease prevention in fish, it could be expensive, time-consuming and stressful to the fishes. In this context, immunostimulant is a naturally occurring compound that modulates the immune system by increasing the host’s resistance against the diseases that in most circumstances are caused by pathogens, and are widely used in aquaculture. Nowadays using polysaccharides as immunostimulant for controlling aquatic diseases gained great attention due to its less toxic, eco-friendly nature and bioactivity. This review article discussed several marine polysaccharides and their role in controlling the diseases in both fin and shell fish species.
水产养殖是世界上增长最快的粮食生产部门之一。疾病和突发疾病是这个行业面临的主要问题。控制水产养殖疾病的传统方法包括使用抗生素和化学消毒剂,但由于出现了耐药病原体菌株以及在环境和非目标生物中残留的积累,不再推荐使用这些方法。虽然疫苗接种是一种有效的鱼类疾病预防手段,但它可能是昂贵的,耗时的,并给鱼类带来压力。在这种情况下,免疫刺激剂是一种天然存在的化合物,通过增加宿主对大多数情况下由病原体引起的疾病的抵抗力来调节免疫系统,并广泛用于水产养殖。多糖具有毒性小、生态友好、生物活性强等特点,作为免疫刺激剂防治水生疾病受到广泛关注。本文综述了几种海洋多糖及其在防治鳍类和贝类病害中的作用。
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引用次数: 17
Use of Plant Products as Candidate Fish Meal Substitutes: An Emerging Issue in Aquaculture Productions 使用植物产品作为候选鱼粉替代品:水产养殖生产中的一个新问题
Pub Date : 2015-06-08 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000E123
G. Caruso
The search for new dietary ingredients for total or partial replacement of fish oil has assumed a growing importance and is currently the subject of advanced scientific research. Plants are recognized to be a good source of both peptides and oils for fish aquafeeds. The present paper reviews the effects played on fish growth and physiology by some plant products, highlighting also their possible detrimental effects related to the presence of anti-nutritional factors. Although complete replacement of fish meal in feeds for cultured species is still difficult, the results obtained by the current studies performed on plant products are promising and encourage further research on this issue.
寻找完全或部分替代鱼油的新膳食成分已变得越来越重要,目前是先进科学研究的主题。植物被认为是鱼饲料中多肽和油脂的良好来源。本文综述了一些植物产品对鱼类生长和生理的影响,并重点介绍了它们可能与抗营养因子的存在有关的有害影响。虽然养殖鱼种饲料中完全替代鱼粉仍然很困难,但目前对植物产品的研究结果是有希望的,并鼓励对这一问题的进一步研究。
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引用次数: 25
Effect of Daucus carota and Beta vulgaris on Color of Anabus testudineus 胡萝卜和甜菜对山茱萸颜色的影响
Pub Date : 2015-05-30 DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000132
A. Goswami, Zade Vs
Ornamental fish keeping is one of the most popular hobbies in the world today and rapidly gaining importance for their aesthetic value as well as trade value. The knowledge of nutritional requirement in ornamental fish species is essential to improve productive development and also for color improvement. The Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch) is a highly priced air breathing, freshwater food fish species which belongs to the family Anabantidae and order Perciformes. This paper deals with effect of feed; formulated from Natural plant products viz. carrot (Daucus carota) and beetroot (Beta vulgaris) on color improvement of Anabus testudineus. The feed and water environment changed the color of Ananus testudineus by 80% during the experiment. In practice, Fishery business has enormous potential to accelerate Indian Economy by earning foreign currency as well as it may also reopen a door for young entrepreneurs to do fishery business using natural plant products as feed. Also Ornamental fish feed from natural plant product will make its culture and rearing easy and less expensive and makes this business vibrant and native fishes will get the level of demand they deserve.
观赏鱼养殖是当今世界上最受欢迎的爱好之一,其审美价值和贸易价值迅速得到重视。了解观赏鱼的营养需求对提高生产发育和改善颜色至关重要。攀鲈,Anabas testudineus (Bloch)是一种高价格的空气呼吸淡水食用鱼,属于鲈科和鲈目。本文讨论了饲料的影响;由天然植物产品即胡萝卜(Daucus carota)和甜菜根(Beta vulgaris)配制而成,用于改善山羊的颜色。在实验过程中,饲料和水环境使马尾虾的颜色改变了80%。在实践中,渔业业务具有通过赚取外汇来加速印度经济的巨大潜力,也可能为年轻企业家重新打开大门,以天然植物产品为饲料开展渔业业务。此外,天然植物产品的观赏鱼饲料将使其养殖和饲养更容易,成本更低,使这一业务充满活力,本地鱼类将得到应有的需求水平。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal
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