Pub Date : 2016-03-28DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000163
K. Brown, M. E. Barnes, T. M. Parker, Brian Fletcher
This study was conducted to determine the retention time of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillet coloration, as indicated by hue, chroma, and entire color index (ECI) values, after the cessation of dietary astaxanthin. After 12 weeks of receiving a diet containing astaxanthin, rainbow trout [mean (SD) length 240 (26) mm, weight 194 (65) g] were either switched to a non-astaxanthin diet or continued to receive the same astaxanthin diet for 55 d. In addition, a control group was fed a non-astaxanthin diet for the entire duration of the study. Digital coloration measurements (L*, a*, and b*) were recorded on fillets and used to calculate hue, chroma, and ECI values. Hue, chroma, and ECI did not significantly change within any of the treatments over the course of the study. Hue, chroma, and ECI were also not significantly different between the fillets of those fish that either continued to receive astaxanthin-supplemented feed compared to those that were switched from an astaxanthin diet to diet free of astaxanthin. However, ECI, hue, and chroma were significantly different in fillets from the fish that had never received dietary astaxanthin compared to fillets from the other two treatments. These results indicate that catchable-sized rainbow trout stocked into recreational fishing waters with minimal natural feed should retain fillet coloration for at least 55 d after stocking, making astaxanthin supplementation in recreational hatcheries a viable tool to improve angler satisfaction.
{"title":"Retention of Fillet Coloration in Rainbow Trout After Dietary Astaxanthin Cessation","authors":"K. Brown, M. E. Barnes, T. M. Parker, Brian Fletcher","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000163","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the retention time of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillet coloration, as indicated by hue, chroma, and entire color index (ECI) values, after the cessation of dietary astaxanthin. After 12 weeks of receiving a diet containing astaxanthin, rainbow trout [mean (SD) length 240 (26) mm, weight 194 (65) g] were either switched to a non-astaxanthin diet or continued to receive the same astaxanthin diet for 55 d. In addition, a control group was fed a non-astaxanthin diet for the entire duration of the study. Digital coloration measurements (L*, a*, and b*) were recorded on fillets and used to calculate hue, chroma, and ECI values. Hue, chroma, and ECI did not significantly change within any of the treatments over the course of the study. Hue, chroma, and ECI were also not significantly different between the fillets of those fish that either continued to receive astaxanthin-supplemented feed compared to those that were switched from an astaxanthin diet to diet free of astaxanthin. However, ECI, hue, and chroma were significantly different in fillets from the fish that had never received dietary astaxanthin compared to fillets from the other two treatments. These results indicate that catchable-sized rainbow trout stocked into recreational fishing waters with minimal natural feed should retain fillet coloration for at least 55 d after stocking, making astaxanthin supplementation in recreational hatcheries a viable tool to improve angler satisfaction.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115012684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-15DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000162
M. AbdelMoneimYones, A. AtallahMetwalli
A 120-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary sorghum starch on growth performance, feed utilization, apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) and some hepatic enzyme activities regulating glycolytic and gluconeogenic metabolic pathways of fingerlings hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus) with mean initial body weight of 10.9 ± 0.2 g. Five diets containing graded levels of sorghum starch (15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35%) were formulated. The results demonstrated that weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and net protein utilization (NPU) values increased with increasing dietary sorghum starch up to 30%. Hepatosomatic index, plasma glucose, triglycerides, liver glycogen and liver lipid concentration of fish significantly increased with increasing dietary sorghum starch level (P<0.05). ADC of starch decreased significantly with increasing sorghum starch level over 30%. However, whole body compositions and ADC of protein and lipid showed no significant differences. Dietary sorghum starch supplements tended to enhance gluconokinase and pyruvate kinase activities of the liver but insignificant differences were observed in activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase in the liver for all dietary treatments. Based on WG and FCR results, the appropriate dietary sorghum starch supplementations of fingerlings hybrid red tilapia (O. mossambicus × O. niloticus) can be incorporated up to 30% of diet.
本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加高粱淀粉对平均初始体重为10.9±0.2 g的杂交红罗非鱼(Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus)幼鱼生长性能、饲料利用率、表观消化系数(ADC)以及调节糖酵解和糖异生代谢途径的肝脏酶活性的影响。配制5种不同水平高粱淀粉(15%、20%、25%、30%和35%)的饲粮。结果表明:随着饲粮高粱淀粉添加量的增加，增重(WG)、特定生长率(SGR)、蛋白质效率(PER)和净蛋白质利用率(NPU)随饲粮高粱淀粉添加量的增加而提高，最高可达30%;随着饲粮高粱淀粉水平的升高，鱼的肝体指数、血浆葡萄糖、甘油三酯、肝糖原和肝脂浓度显著升高(P<0.05)。淀粉的ADC随高粱淀粉添加量的增加而显著降低。蛋白质和脂肪的全体组成和ADC无显著差异。饲粮中添加高粱淀粉有提高肝脏葡萄糖激酶和丙酮酸激酶活性的趋势，但各饲粮中肝脏己糖激酶、磷酸果糖激酶-1、果糖- 1,6 -二磷酸酶和葡萄糖-6-磷酸酶活性差异不显著。综合WG和FCR结果，杂交红罗非鱼苗种饲粮中高粱淀粉的适宜添加量可达饲粮的30%。
{"title":"Influence of Dietary Sorghum Starch on Growth Performance, Digestibility Coefficient and Some Hepatic Enzyme Activities in Hybrid Red Tilapia ( Oreochromis mossambicus × Oreochromis niloticus ) Fingerlings","authors":"M. AbdelMoneimYones, A. AtallahMetwalli","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000162","url":null,"abstract":"A 120-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary sorghum starch on growth performance, feed utilization, apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) and some hepatic enzyme activities regulating glycolytic and gluconeogenic metabolic pathways of fingerlings hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus × O. niloticus) with mean initial body weight of 10.9 ± 0.2 g. Five diets containing graded levels of sorghum starch (15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35%) were formulated. The results demonstrated that weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and net protein utilization (NPU) values increased with increasing dietary sorghum starch up to 30%. Hepatosomatic index, plasma glucose, triglycerides, liver glycogen and liver lipid concentration of fish significantly increased with increasing dietary sorghum starch level (P<0.05). ADC of starch decreased significantly with increasing sorghum starch level over 30%. However, whole body compositions and ADC of protein and lipid showed no significant differences. Dietary sorghum starch supplements tended to enhance gluconokinase and pyruvate kinase activities of the liver but insignificant differences were observed in activities of hexokinase, phosphofructokinase-1, fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase and glucose-6-phosphatase in the liver for all dietary treatments. Based on WG and FCR results, the appropriate dietary sorghum starch supplementations of fingerlings hybrid red tilapia (O. mossambicus × O. niloticus) can be incorporated up to 30% of diet.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122125865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-10DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000161
Guoqiang Wang, I. McGaw
Mussel (Mytilus edulis) farms in Newfoundland, Canada were investigated as potential sites to hold adult lobsters Homarus americanus in inshore benthic cages. The goals of this project were to determine if lobsters can be maintained for prolonged periods in cages and survive and grow by feeding on mussels dropping-off culture lines. The effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the moulting, growth rates and serum protein concentrations were monitored at regular intervals in both the field and the lab over 6 months. Although survival rates were high under mussel lines, the moulting rate was low and analysis of serum protein concentration showed they were in a poorer condition than fed lobsters in lab experiments. In the laboratory diet type, temperature, feeding frequency and compartment size were manipulated to determine possible factors influencing survival and growth of the lobsters in the field. In the lab, moulting was highest at 15°C and survival lowest at 5oC; lobsters fed a mixed versus a mussel only diet were healthier. In a separate lab experiment, lobsters that were fed twice weekly attained a larger size at post-moult than those fed once per month. However, feeding frequency did not affect survival or the number of animals moulting. The lab experiments suggested that the combination of low temperature and infrequent food input was the cause of the low moulting rate and overall quality of the lobsters in the field. This project showed although lobsters can be stored in benthic cages in the field for up to 6 months, relying on mussel drop-off alone is limited, and lobsters may need supplemental feeding in order to produce a larger, higher quality product for market. Initial results also suggest the promise of incorporating lobsters into a multitrophic aquaculture system as a means to remove moribund mussels underneath culture lines.
{"title":"Potential use of Mussel farms as Multitrophic on-growth sites for American lobster, Homarus americanus (Milne Edwards)","authors":"Guoqiang Wang, I. McGaw","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000161","url":null,"abstract":"Mussel (Mytilus edulis) farms in Newfoundland, Canada were investigated as potential sites to hold adult lobsters Homarus americanus in inshore benthic cages. The goals of this project were to determine if lobsters can be maintained for prolonged periods in cages and survive and grow by feeding on mussels dropping-off culture lines. The effects of biotic and abiotic factors on the moulting, growth rates and serum protein concentrations were monitored at regular intervals in both the field and the lab over 6 months. Although survival rates were high under mussel lines, the moulting rate was low and analysis of serum protein concentration showed they were in a poorer condition than fed lobsters in lab experiments. In the laboratory diet type, temperature, feeding frequency and compartment size were manipulated to determine possible factors influencing survival and growth of the lobsters in the field. In the lab, moulting was highest at 15°C and survival lowest at 5oC; lobsters fed a mixed versus a mussel only diet were healthier. In a separate lab experiment, lobsters that were fed twice weekly attained a larger size at post-moult than those fed once per month. However, feeding frequency did not affect survival or the number of animals moulting. The lab experiments suggested that the combination of low temperature and infrequent food input was the cause of the low moulting rate and overall quality of the lobsters in the field. This project showed although lobsters can be stored in benthic cages in the field for up to 6 months, relying on mussel drop-off alone is limited, and lobsters may need supplemental feeding in order to produce a larger, higher quality product for market. Initial results also suggest the promise of incorporating lobsters into a multitrophic aquaculture system as a means to remove moribund mussels underneath culture lines.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115435582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-03-04DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000160
Rohit Kumar, P. Veena, L. Singh, L. Sharma, N. Saxena, D. Thakuria, A. Singh, P. Sahoo
a) Introduction: Mahseers, belong to the family Cyprinidae, are well renowned for the excellent game as well as food i¬shes. Various aspects simultaneously considered towards the domestication of this fish species also include the study of fish health issues, preventive and remedial programmes for sustainable aquaculture. Experimental studies can be conducted in the control condition to study the pathological symptoms during bacterial infection. Considering the bacterial pathogens as a major constraint for aquaculture, the present study was carried out to standardize the bacterial concentration of A. hydrophila for the experimental challenge of Golden Mahseer for the first time, and various clinical changes were also monitored during the infection. Materials and Methods: A total of 140 live fishes were acclimatized to the laboratory conditions for experimental study. A constant water quality was monitored during the acclimation period and throughout the experiment. The test group was injected with A. hydrophila and various physiological, biochemical and tissue level changes were observed during the experiment in comparison to phosphate buffer saline (PBS) injected control group. b) Results: LD50 value of A. hydrophila for Golden Mahseer was successfully standardized. Clinical signs including weakness, slower movement, swimming closer to the surface, fin haemorrhages and red patches at the gut region were observed. Enlargement of spleen followed by tissue necrosis along with signs of haemorrhagic septicaemia was also seen in infected fishes. The necrosis of hepatocytes was observed in the histological section of liver tissue. The bacterial infection increases the superoxide dismutase activity and cortisol level in Golden Mahseer. c) Conclusion: The LD50 value of A. hydrophila for experimental challenge studies on Golden Mahseer is 1.74 × 105 cfu per 100 g of body weight. The symptoms of severe bacterial haemorrhage were observed. Necrosis of hepatocytes was observed in infected fishes. The superoxide dismutase activity and cortisol level also increased in infected fishes. A. hydrophila was confirmed to be the etiological agent which was re-isolated using spread plate method and confirmed by 16s rRNA sequencing.
{"title":"Pathological findings of experimental Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Golden Mahseer (Tor putitora)","authors":"Rohit Kumar, P. Veena, L. Singh, L. Sharma, N. Saxena, D. Thakuria, A. Singh, P. Sahoo","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000160","url":null,"abstract":"a) Introduction: \u0000Mahseers, belong to the family Cyprinidae, are well renowned for the excellent game as well as food i¬shes. Various aspects simultaneously considered towards the domestication of this fish species also include the study of fish health issues, preventive and remedial programmes for sustainable aquaculture. Experimental studies can be conducted in the control condition to study the pathological symptoms during bacterial infection. Considering the bacterial pathogens as a major constraint for aquaculture, the present study was carried out to standardize the bacterial concentration of A. hydrophila for the experimental challenge of Golden Mahseer for the first time, and various clinical changes were also monitored during the infection. Materials and Methods: A total of 140 live fishes were acclimatized to the laboratory conditions for experimental study. A constant water quality was monitored during the acclimation period and throughout the experiment. The test group was injected with A. hydrophila and various physiological, biochemical and tissue level changes were observed during the experiment in comparison to phosphate buffer saline (PBS) injected control group. \u0000b) Results: LD50 value of A. hydrophila for Golden Mahseer was successfully standardized. Clinical signs including weakness, slower movement, swimming closer to the surface, fin haemorrhages and red patches at the gut region were observed. Enlargement of spleen followed by tissue necrosis along with signs of haemorrhagic septicaemia was also seen in infected fishes. The necrosis of hepatocytes was observed in the histological section of liver tissue. The bacterial infection increases the superoxide dismutase activity and cortisol level in Golden Mahseer. \u0000c) Conclusion: The LD50 value of A. hydrophila for experimental challenge studies on Golden Mahseer is 1.74 × 105 cfu per 100 g of body weight. The symptoms of severe bacterial haemorrhage were observed. Necrosis of hepatocytes was observed in infected fishes. The superoxide dismutase activity and cortisol level also increased in infected fishes. A. hydrophila was confirmed to be the etiological agent which was re-isolated using spread plate method and confirmed by 16s rRNA sequencing.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128493376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-29DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000159
J. Sarker, I. Kanungo, M. Tanmay, Shamsul Alam Patwary
Heavy metals in mud surface sediments have been determined to assess environmental pollution of the selected fish farms in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Surface sediment samples (0-15 cm) from 20 ponds of a fish farm were collected in February 2014 with a single core sampler and were analysed to measure the concentrations (mg/Kg DW) of Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) and Chromium (Cr) by atomic absorption spectrometry using a VARIAN model AA2407 in Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute’s laboratory. The measured concentration of heavy metals in the present study was in order of, Zn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd which are quite similar to the findings of other sediment of pond mud. The mean concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni observed in the present study were 208, 14.845, 0.009, 63.054 and 58.665 mg/kg respectively. The ranges of the measured concentrations (mg/kg) in the total sediments were 11.5-18.5 for Pb, 0.007-0.011 for Cd, 53.5-77.3 for Cr, 50.8-66.4 for Ni and 100-250 for Zn. The concentrations of Zn and Ni in all sediment samples were above the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) guideline for severely polluted sediment and the concentration of Cr falls under the moderately polluted range. The metal Pb and Cd concentrations are well below the regulated level as per USEPA. Therefore, the study results revealed that the pond mud sediment quality in Mymensingh region might be considered as highly and moderately polluted for Zn, Ni and Cr respectively.
{"title":"A Study on the Determination of Heavy Metals in Sediment of Fish Farms in Bangladesh","authors":"J. Sarker, I. Kanungo, M. Tanmay, Shamsul Alam Patwary","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000159","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metals in mud surface sediments have been determined to assess environmental pollution of the selected fish farms in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Surface sediment samples (0-15 cm) from 20 ponds of a fish farm were collected in February 2014 with a single core sampler and were analysed to measure the concentrations (mg/Kg DW) of Zinc (Zn), Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel (Ni) and Chromium (Cr) by atomic absorption spectrometry using a VARIAN model AA2407 in Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute’s laboratory. The measured concentration of heavy metals in the present study was in order of, Zn > Cr > Ni > Pb > Cd which are quite similar to the findings of other sediment of pond mud. The mean concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni observed in the present study were 208, 14.845, 0.009, 63.054 and 58.665 mg/kg respectively. The ranges of the measured concentrations (mg/kg) in the total sediments were 11.5-18.5 for Pb, 0.007-0.011 for Cd, 53.5-77.3 for Cr, 50.8-66.4 for Ni and 100-250 for Zn. The concentrations of Zn and Ni in all sediment samples were above the US Environmental Protection Agency’s (USEPA) guideline for severely polluted sediment and the concentration of Cr falls under the moderately polluted range. The metal Pb and Cd concentrations are well below the regulated level as per USEPA. Therefore, the study results revealed that the pond mud sediment quality in Mymensingh region might be considered as highly and moderately polluted for Zn, Ni and Cr respectively.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126137056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-20DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000157
J. Sarker, Shamsul Alam Patwary, Borhan Uddin Amm, M. Hasan, M. Tanmay, I. Kanungo, M. R. Parvej
A research on the assemblages of benthic macro faunal community in the coastal areas of Bangladesh was conducted during February-March, 2015 following the standard methods to assess the status of environmental pollution. The abundance (r=0.846) and species richness (r=0.864) of the macrobenthic communities were significantly influenced by the water salinity of the sampling sites (p ≤ 0.05). Both the study areas namely the Bakkhali River Estuary and the Meghna River Estuary showing the highest (3909 ± 540 ind./m2) and lowest (2236 ± 689 ind./m2) density of benthic macrofaunal abundance respectively might be considered as moderately polluted areas according to the results obtained from Shannon-Wiener index of species diversity (2.69 ± 0.13 and 2.00 ± 0.11 respectively) and Margalef's species richness (2.21 ± 0.43 and 1.36 ± 0.11 respectively). Therefore, it is plausible that the macrobenthic community explained in the present study might be a key future outline to assess the status of coastal water pollution of those concerned areas of Bangladesh.
{"title":"Macrobenthic Community Structure - An Approach to Assess Coastal Water Pollution in Bangladesh","authors":"J. Sarker, Shamsul Alam Patwary, Borhan Uddin Amm, M. Hasan, M. Tanmay, I. Kanungo, M. R. Parvej","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000157","url":null,"abstract":"A research on the assemblages of benthic macro faunal community in the coastal areas of Bangladesh was conducted during February-March, 2015 following the standard methods to assess the status of environmental pollution. The abundance (r=0.846) and species richness (r=0.864) of the macrobenthic communities were significantly influenced by the water salinity of the sampling sites (p ≤ 0.05). Both the study areas namely the Bakkhali River Estuary and the Meghna River Estuary showing the highest (3909 ± 540 ind./m2) and lowest (2236 ± 689 ind./m2) density of benthic macrofaunal abundance respectively might be considered as moderately polluted areas according to the results obtained from Shannon-Wiener index of species diversity (2.69 ± 0.13 and 2.00 ± 0.11 respectively) and Margalef's species richness (2.21 ± 0.43 and 1.36 ± 0.11 respectively). Therefore, it is plausible that the macrobenthic community explained in the present study might be a key future outline to assess the status of coastal water pollution of those concerned areas of Bangladesh.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129863710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-02-17DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000158
S. Dar, A. Yousuf, M. Balkhi
Pesticide residues with genotoxic potential reach the aquatic environment and constitute a major issue that give rise to concerns at local, regional, national and global scales. Fish serves as an excellent genetic model for the genetic hazard assessment as they are very sensitive to changes in their environment. As there is a close consortium of DNA damage, mutation and induction of various types of genetic disorders, genotoxicity tests like chromosomal aberration test, micronuclei and comet assay are gaining credence and since past few decades many tests have been developed for evaluating genetic alterations in aquatic organisms. These tests rely on the premise that any change to DNA may have enduring and ardent consequences. Thus, the first aim of the genotoxicology is to describe the outcome produced by toxic substances in various test species, but only from the genetic point of view and to draw conclusions that can be extrapolated to man. This review summarizes the genotoxicity tests developed till date and the role of piscine model in genotoxicology. The text also delves the latest knowledge and thinking on these cardinal approaches for the assessment of aquatic environmental health, management and conservation, besides providing useful repository for the researchers especially dealing with aquatic genotoxicity tests. The perspectives for further research on the use of genotoxicology tests were also highlighted.
{"title":"An introduction about Genotoxicology Methods as Tools for Monitoring Aquatic Ecosystem: Present status and Future perspectives","authors":"S. Dar, A. Yousuf, M. Balkhi","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000158","url":null,"abstract":"Pesticide residues with genotoxic potential reach the aquatic environment and constitute a major issue that give rise to concerns at local, regional, national and global scales. Fish serves as an excellent genetic model for the genetic hazard assessment as they are very sensitive to changes in their environment. As there is a close consortium of DNA damage, mutation and induction of various types of genetic disorders, genotoxicity tests like chromosomal aberration test, micronuclei and comet assay are gaining credence and since past few decades many tests have been developed for evaluating genetic alterations in aquatic organisms. These tests rely on the premise that any change to DNA may have enduring and ardent consequences. Thus, the first aim of the genotoxicology is to describe the outcome produced by toxic substances in various test species, but only from the genetic point of view and to draw conclusions that can be extrapolated to man. This review summarizes the genotoxicity tests developed till date and the role of piscine model in genotoxicology. The text also delves the latest knowledge and thinking on these cardinal approaches for the assessment of aquatic environmental health, management and conservation, besides providing useful repository for the researchers especially dealing with aquatic genotoxicity tests. The perspectives for further research on the use of genotoxicology tests were also highlighted.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128651011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-01-10DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000156
B. Dutta, Nisith Kumar Das, D. Kar
Approach had been made to study the various fishing techniques in the Towkak River in Assam and Nagaland. The combination of both hills and plain regions along the river, showed a higher diversity of fishing gears and equipments. The cost benefit and efficiency analysis results that Cast net was most efficacious fishing gear and also possesses the highest value of Mechanization Index (MI) which portrayed, a popular and most used gear.
{"title":"The Fish Catching Devices with their Efficacy and Cost-benefit Analysis in the Towkak River in Assam and Nagaland, India","authors":"B. Dutta, Nisith Kumar Das, D. Kar","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000156","url":null,"abstract":"Approach had been made to study the various fishing techniques in the Towkak River in Assam and Nagaland. The combination of both hills and plain regions along the river, showed a higher diversity of fishing gears and equipments. The cost benefit and efficiency analysis results that Cast net was most efficacious fishing gear and also possesses the highest value of Mechanization Index (MI) which portrayed, a popular and most used gear.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125795299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-27DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000155
G. Naik, M. Rashid, Balkhi Mh, Bhat Fa
In this paper, we studied the food and feeding habits of exotic Cyprinus carpio Var. communis. The results obtained by analysing the gut contents of common carp showed that on an average basis, detritus formed 43.5% of total food, while the remaining food (56.5%) consisted of plant (31.21%) and animal matter (25.29%). The fish was designated as detri-omnivore with bottom feeding habit. Gastroosmatic index (Ga.S.I.) recorded its highest value during July (6.28), while lowest value was recorded in February (3.34).The index remained generally high during the warmer months, followed by a gradual decline with the approach of winter. On comparing, food and feeding habits and Ga.S.I. of exotic common carp with that of endemic schizothoracines was found almost similar and there might be existing a feeding competition between them, which might be one of the cause that declined endemic schizothoracine fish production from Dal Lake of Kashmir valley.
本文研究了外来鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio Var. communis)的食物和摄食习性。对鲤鱼肠道内容物的分析结果表明，平均而言，碎屑占总食物的43.5%，其余食物由植物(31.21%)和动物(25.29%)组成(56.5%)。该鱼为三杂食性，有底食习性。美食指数(gas.i)在7月份达到最高值(6.28)，在2月份达到最低值(3.34)。在温暖的月份，该指数普遍保持在较高水平，随后随着冬季的临近逐渐下降。关于比较，食物和喂养习惯与gas。发现外来鲤与地方性裂胸鱼的摄食差异不大，两者之间可能存在摄食竞争，这可能是导致克什米尔河谷达尔湖地方性裂胸鱼产量下降的原因之一。
{"title":"Food and Feeding Habits of Cyprinus carpio Var. communis: A Reason that Decline Schizothoracine Fish Production from Dal Lake of Kashmir Valley","authors":"G. Naik, M. Rashid, Balkhi Mh, Bhat Fa","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000155","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we studied the food and feeding habits of exotic Cyprinus carpio Var. communis. The results obtained by analysing the gut contents of common carp showed that on an average basis, detritus formed 43.5% of total food, while the remaining food (56.5%) consisted of plant (31.21%) and animal matter (25.29%). The fish was designated as detri-omnivore with bottom feeding habit. Gastroosmatic index (Ga.S.I.) recorded its highest value during July (6.28), while lowest value was recorded in February (3.34).The index remained generally high during the warmer months, followed by a gradual decline with the approach of winter. On comparing, food and feeding habits and Ga.S.I. of exotic common carp with that of endemic schizothoracines was found almost similar and there might be existing a feeding competition between them, which might be one of the cause that declined endemic schizothoracine fish production from Dal Lake of Kashmir valley.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126057533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-16DOI: 10.4172/2150-3508.1000153
Hanaa M. M. El-Khayat, H. Abdel-Hamid, H. Gaber, K. M. Mahmoud, H. Flefel
Physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters have been used as biomarkers for water quality in snail samples collected from Lake Manzala. The results showed significant increase in AST, ALT, and ALP in planorbis and Physa snail samples collected from Dakahlya site in Lake Manzala. Most of snails are collected from of Port-Said and Dakahlya sites showed significant increase in urea. On the other hand, alteration in creatinine values in samples from different lake sites was recorded. Significant increase of total protein level and total bilirubin was obtained in all samples. Most of snail samples showed significant decrease in hemocytes count. The oxidative enzymes (CAT, GGT and GST) recorded alteration in their activity. Regarding Histopathological observations, in the foot region of Biomphalaria snails collected from Port Said and Dakahlya governorates are the most affected. The head foot showed splitting in the longitudinal and oblique muscle fibers and increased empty spaces within muscle. Shrinkage, focal areas of necrosis, large fat vacuoles and enlargement were observed in the salivary gland. Snail’s ganglia showed enlargement of neurosecretory neurons, degeneration with large vacuoles and fibrosis. hepatopancreas became much more distorted with necrosis, atrophy, degeneration and fat vaculation especially in Port Said and Damietta samples. Also, hepatopancreatic acini filled with different developmental stages of S. mansonai cercariae were observed in Biomphalaria snails collected from Port Said. Severe degenerative changes were observed in most of gonad’s cells including ova and sperms especially in snails collected from Damietta. Also, Biomphalaria snails collected from Lake Mazala showed accumulation of heavy metals in the head foot tissues. In conclusion, the severe alteration and degeneration recorded in the physiological and hematological parameters and also histopathological observations are clear evidence for the pollution of the water from which these snails were collected.
{"title":"Snails and Fish as Pollution Biomarkers in Lake Manzala and Laboratory A: Lake Manzala Snails","authors":"Hanaa M. M. El-Khayat, H. Abdel-Hamid, H. Gaber, K. M. Mahmoud, H. Flefel","doi":"10.4172/2150-3508.1000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2150-3508.1000153","url":null,"abstract":"Physiological, hematological and biochemical parameters have been used as biomarkers for water quality in snail samples collected from Lake Manzala. The results showed significant increase in AST, ALT, and ALP in planorbis and Physa snail samples collected from Dakahlya site in Lake Manzala. Most of snails are collected from of Port-Said and Dakahlya sites showed significant increase in urea. On the other hand, alteration in creatinine values in samples from different lake sites was recorded. Significant increase of total protein level and total bilirubin was obtained in all samples. Most of snail samples showed significant decrease in hemocytes count. The oxidative enzymes (CAT, GGT and GST) recorded alteration in their activity. Regarding Histopathological observations, in the foot region of Biomphalaria snails collected from Port Said and Dakahlya governorates are the most affected. The head foot showed splitting in the longitudinal and oblique muscle fibers and increased empty spaces within muscle. Shrinkage, focal areas of necrosis, large fat vacuoles and enlargement were observed in the salivary gland. Snail’s ganglia showed enlargement of neurosecretory neurons, degeneration with large vacuoles and fibrosis. hepatopancreas became much more distorted with necrosis, atrophy, degeneration and fat vaculation especially in Port Said and Damietta samples. Also, hepatopancreatic acini filled with different developmental stages of S. mansonai cercariae were observed in Biomphalaria snails collected from Port Said. Severe degenerative changes were observed in most of gonad’s cells including ova and sperms especially in snails collected from Damietta. Also, Biomphalaria snails collected from Lake Mazala showed accumulation of heavy metals in the head foot tissues. In conclusion, the severe alteration and degeneration recorded in the physiological and hematological parameters and also histopathological observations are clear evidence for the pollution of the water from which these snails were collected.","PeriodicalId":166175,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries and Aquaculture Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115193742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：