One of the most elaborately written books in the Patuppattu anthology is Netunalvatai. The reason is that it is a book with a very subtle focus on how the wind, which is the gift of nature and the breath of human life, is consistent in both its two stages. Because it is fundamentally contradictory, its specialness is multiplied. Akama? (Whether it is internal or domestic life). Purama? (Whether it is external or public life), that is the contradiction. Therefore, this article is meant to highlight the poetic techniques featured in such a special book. This article is an attempt to bring out the aesthetic and subtle content of Netunelvaatai and take it to the world of study. Moreover, this article examines its techniques in order to analyse the merits of Netunelvaatai and to further explore unknown phenomena and guide further studies through the microscopic aspect.
{"title":"Poetical Techniques of Netunelvaatai","authors":"R. P","doi":"10.54392/ijot2227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2227","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most elaborately written books in the Patuppattu anthology is Netunalvatai. The reason is that it is a book with a very subtle focus on how the wind, which is the gift of nature and the breath of human life, is consistent in both its two stages. Because it is fundamentally contradictory, its specialness is multiplied. Akama? (Whether it is internal or domestic life). Purama? (Whether it is external or public life), that is the contradiction. Therefore, this article is meant to highlight the poetic techniques featured in such a special book. This article is an attempt to bring out the aesthetic and subtle content of Netunelvaatai and take it to the world of study. Moreover, this article examines its techniques in order to analyse the merits of Netunelvaatai and to further explore unknown phenomena and guide further studies through the microscopic aspect.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130484257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jainism spread in Tamil Nadu in the 3rd century AD. Jains aim to show love and grace to all. The people of Tamil Nadu embraced Jain religious ideas. Jains contributed to Tamil by composing many books, ranging from Sangam literature to grammar books. In this, the Jains have emphasised many virtues, such as wealth, impermanence, the impermanence of the body, not desiring other women, friendship with virtuous people, and tolerance of mistakes made by friends. The purpose of the Jain religion in Tamil Nadu was to spread their religion among the people. Although on one hand, they tried to spread the Jain religion, on the other hand, they composed various books in Tamil for the Tamils and in the Tamil language for the people to cherish in their minds. In the books composed by them, generally how an individual should live in society, the virtue of not causing suffering to even a small life, and the principles of justice such as morality and dharma are emphasized.
{"title":"The Charity of Jainism to Tamils based on Naladiyar","authors":"K. M.","doi":"10.54392/ijot2226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2226","url":null,"abstract":"Jainism spread in Tamil Nadu in the 3rd century AD. Jains aim to show love and grace to all. The people of Tamil Nadu embraced Jain religious ideas. Jains contributed to Tamil by composing many books, ranging from Sangam literature to grammar books. In this, the Jains have emphasised many virtues, such as wealth, impermanence, the impermanence of the body, not desiring other women, friendship with virtuous people, and tolerance of mistakes made by friends. The purpose of the Jain religion in Tamil Nadu was to spread their religion among the people. Although on one hand, they tried to spread the Jain religion, on the other hand, they composed various books in Tamil for the Tamils and in the Tamil language for the people to cherish in their minds. In the books composed by them, generally how an individual should live in society, the virtue of not causing suffering to even a small life, and the principles of justice such as morality and dharma are emphasized.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124366226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The proverbs that have been growing forever without dying are spoken among the people and followed in life. From time immemorial, idioms have been used by people belonging to different communities to identify the objects used in their customs and to discover previously known facts indicating their characteristics. Proverbs are used by the elderly to give advice to youngsters and to help people improve their lives. Some proverbs have different meanings depending on the context in which they are used. Sociology is the study of people's development status, culture, customs, and economic status. Faith in God occupies a very important place in the proverbs used by the people of the Vilavancode region. It is noteworthy that the concepts found in proverbs are found to be applicable to all times. Proverbs focus on a variety of themes.
{"title":"The Influence of Thirumurukautpai on the Local Proverbs of Vilavankode","authors":"J. J, A. S","doi":"10.54392/ijot2225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2225","url":null,"abstract":"The proverbs that have been growing forever without dying are spoken among the people and followed in life. From time immemorial, idioms have been used by people belonging to different communities to identify the objects used in their customs and to discover previously known facts indicating their characteristics. Proverbs are used by the elderly to give advice to youngsters and to help people improve their lives. Some proverbs have different meanings depending on the context in which they are used. Sociology is the study of people's development status, culture, customs, and economic status. Faith in God occupies a very important place in the proverbs used by the people of the Vilavancode region. It is noteworthy that the concepts found in proverbs are found to be applicable to all times. Proverbs focus on a variety of themes.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130535014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siddhas are full of supernatural powers. They can even be said to be the reincarnation of God on earth. It is because of their grace, devotion, and spiritual feelings towards the great deity. Moreover, the way they alleviate the suffering of the people and the living realities that happened and are happening in their lives are projected before their eyes. They have lived with the power to permanently remove people's diseases, abandoned by doctors. That is why the Siddhas are considered to be the reincarnations of God. The Siddhas are those who have suppressed the will and studied the movement of the world, the universe, the power of God, the philosophy of life, and the secret of the universe. So, Siddhas are those who live naturally with nature and know nature completely.
{"title":"The Legacy and Noble Life of Siddhas","authors":"Brintha K","doi":"10.54392/ijot2224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2224","url":null,"abstract":"Siddhas are full of supernatural powers. They can even be said to be the reincarnation of God on earth. It is because of their grace, devotion, and spiritual feelings towards the great deity. Moreover, the way they alleviate the suffering of the people and the living realities that happened and are happening in their lives are projected before their eyes. They have lived with the power to permanently remove people's diseases, abandoned by doctors. That is why the Siddhas are considered to be the reincarnations of God. The Siddhas are those who have suppressed the will and studied the movement of the world, the universe, the power of God, the philosophy of life, and the secret of the universe. So, Siddhas are those who live naturally with nature and know nature completely.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114090082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Semaskanda Murtham is a form of expression of elements of the Hindu cultural tradition such as religion, art, science, philosophy and faith. The sages who are special to Lord Shiva are one of the three sages Somaskanda Murtham is one of the sixty-four Shiva deities worshiped by vegetarians. This study is titled Somaskanda Murtham a Study in the Hindu Cultural Tradition, with the aim of highlighting the importance of Somaskanda Murtham in the Hindu Cultural Tradition. This study is carried out with the aim of exploring the theory. Somaskanda Moortham Historical and theoretical ideas have been the basis of this study since antiquity. This study forms a descriptive study. Performed with analysis, comparison and historical analysis when appropriate. This study clarifies the philosophy of Somaskandar Murtham, Somaskandar Murtham in literature, Somaskandar Murtham in Agama, Somaskanda Murtha portrait structure, Somaskanda sculptures. It is hoped that such research and their findings will help to illustrate the present and future generations.
{"title":"A study of the Somaskanda Murtham in the Hindu cultural tradition","authors":"Viyasan A","doi":"10.54392/ijot2222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2222","url":null,"abstract":"Semaskanda Murtham is a form of expression of elements of the Hindu cultural tradition such as religion, art, science, philosophy and faith. The sages who are special to Lord Shiva are one of the three sages Somaskanda Murtham is one of the sixty-four Shiva deities worshiped by vegetarians. This study is titled Somaskanda Murtham a Study in the Hindu Cultural Tradition, with the aim of highlighting the importance of Somaskanda Murtham in the Hindu Cultural Tradition. This study is carried out with the aim of exploring the theory. Somaskanda Moortham Historical and theoretical ideas have been the basis of this study since antiquity. This study forms a descriptive study. Performed with analysis, comparison and historical analysis when appropriate. This study clarifies the philosophy of Somaskandar Murtham, Somaskandar Murtham in literature, Somaskandar Murtham in Agama, Somaskanda Murtha portrait structure, Somaskanda sculptures. It is hoped that such research and their findings will help to illustrate the present and future generations.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128290278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morality is one of the fundamentals of human life. It is this morality that separates man and animals. When an individual is ethical, the society and country that are dependent to him become moral. But human beings do not follow the moral code at all times and in all circumstances. Murder, robbery, rape, alcohol, prostitution, lying, and fraud have been indelibly imprinted on mankind since time immemorial. Our forefathers have long sought to make man aware of their evils and to bring him to the right path. In that sense Munseep Mayuram Vedanayakam Pillai (1826-1889 AD) wrote a book of justice, that was a magnificent book that taught the Tamils the morals of human life. He is the celebrated son of Goddess Tamil. He was the great person who introduced new literary techniques in the world of Tamil literature after the arrival of the British. Until today, it seems that whole-hearted recognition has not been bestowed for the contributions he has made Goddess Tamil. The reason for this is still not understood till today. The book of justice written by that great person with social concern is a wonderful book that teaches the Tamils, social morals, virtues and well-being. This article explores the virtues of human life that it embodies.
{"title":"Biological virtue embodied in Mayuram Munsif Vedanayakar's book of justice","authors":"Kayalvizhy M","doi":"10.54392/ijot2223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2223","url":null,"abstract":"Morality is one of the fundamentals of human life. It is this morality that separates man and animals. When an individual is ethical, the society and country that are dependent to him become moral. But human beings do not follow the moral code at all times and in all circumstances. Murder, robbery, rape, alcohol, prostitution, lying, and fraud have been indelibly imprinted on mankind since time immemorial. Our forefathers have long sought to make man aware of their evils and to bring him to the right path. In that sense Munseep Mayuram Vedanayakam Pillai (1826-1889 AD) wrote a book of justice, that was a magnificent book that taught the Tamils the morals of human life. He is the celebrated son of Goddess Tamil. He was the great person who introduced new literary techniques in the world of Tamil literature after the arrival of the British. Until today, it seems that whole-hearted recognition has not been bestowed for the contributions he has made Goddess Tamil. The reason for this is still not understood till today. The book of justice written by that great person with social concern is a wonderful book that teaches the Tamils, social morals, virtues and well-being. This article explores the virtues of human life that it embodies.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115722242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Silappathikaram is the first Tamil epic. In this epic that is written by Ilangovadikal, there are records of transgender people living on the margins of society. As Tolkappiyar has recorded transgender people as masculinity challenged, Ilangovadikal too referred transgender as masculinity challenged. Silappathikaram talks about ‘Pedik Koothu (folk play)’ which can only be played by transgender people. Madurapathi, the deity of the Pandyas, one of the three crowned Kings, is understood to be in the bisexual transgender form. Silappathikaram beautifully captures the transcendental imagery of transgender people. It also records that transgender people worked as maids in the harem for Venmaal, the wife and queen of Senkuttuvan. Besides, Silappathikaram registers transgender people as trustworthy. Furthermore, worshiping them in the form of deities and through recording their images, it is clear that the society of the day regarded transgender people as equals without distinction.
{"title":"Transgender in Silappathikaram","authors":"I. K","doi":"10.54392/ijot2221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2221","url":null,"abstract":"Silappathikaram is the first Tamil epic. In this epic that is written by Ilangovadikal, there are records of transgender people living on the margins of society. As Tolkappiyar has recorded transgender people as masculinity challenged, Ilangovadikal too referred transgender as masculinity challenged. Silappathikaram talks about ‘Pedik Koothu (folk play)’ which can only be played by transgender people. Madurapathi, the deity of the Pandyas, one of the three crowned Kings, is understood to be in the bisexual transgender form. Silappathikaram beautifully captures the transcendental imagery of transgender people. It also records that transgender people worked as maids in the harem for Venmaal, the wife and queen of Senkuttuvan. Besides, Silappathikaram registers transgender people as trustworthy. Furthermore, worshiping them in the form of deities and through recording their images, it is clear that the society of the day regarded transgender people as equals without distinction.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129674183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The early Siva community identify the Singing is the easiest way to pray to God and reaching his salvation. From the earliest times in the Saiva tradition, the Nayanmars and Alvars who descended from Karaikkalammaiyar, followed this way and dissolved with the power of God not only this, with the help of history of Saiva we can understand, these Nayanmars and Alvars were not only practice this style of praying in their own life, as well as they insist the community to follow this method of their religious life also. In the Saiva tradition, those who greet the Lord with music are known by the special name of 'Oduvars'. This Oduvar tradition, which originated from Karaikkalammaiyar in the history of Sivasim, has continued in Hindu temples in Sri Lanka up to now. As far as Sri Lanka is concerned, history has maintained a close relationship with Tamil Nadu for a long time in culture, religion, customs and many other social contexts. It would not be an exaggeration to say that even though Sri Lanka has been under foreign rule for a long time, it is the work of these readers to preserve Sivasim and Tamilism and pass it on to the next generation. This article describes the work done by the Oduvars in Jaffna, the place where Saivism flourished in Sri Lanka.
{"title":"The Tradition of Othuvar in Temples - A Cultural Musicology study based on the Saiva temple tradition in Sri Lanka","authors":"Suhanya Aravinthon","doi":"10.54392/ijot2214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2214","url":null,"abstract":"The early Siva community identify the Singing is the easiest way to pray to God and reaching his salvation. From the earliest times in the Saiva tradition, the Nayanmars and Alvars who descended from Karaikkalammaiyar, followed this way and dissolved with the power of God not only this, with the help of history of Saiva we can understand, these Nayanmars and Alvars were not only practice this style of praying in their own life, as well as they insist the community to follow this method of their religious life also. In the Saiva tradition, those who greet the Lord with music are known by the special name of 'Oduvars'. This Oduvar tradition, which originated from Karaikkalammaiyar in the history of Sivasim, has continued in Hindu temples in Sri Lanka up to now. As far as Sri Lanka is concerned, history has maintained a close relationship with Tamil Nadu for a long time in culture, religion, customs and many other social contexts. It would not be an exaggeration to say that even though Sri Lanka has been under foreign rule for a long time, it is the work of these readers to preserve Sivasim and Tamilism and pass it on to the next generation. This article describes the work done by the Oduvars in Jaffna, the place where Saivism flourished in Sri Lanka.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127847720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Philosophy regulates the functioning of human life. Good philosophies are the cross-cutting faces of human life. This theoretical thinking in Arabic literature dates back to the Jahiliyya period. Arab literary figures that, have appeared throughout history, have made significant contributions to the regulation of human life by conveying philosophical ideas in their literary works. These philosophical dialogues have the potential to elicit a positive response in solving the various social, economic and political issues of human life. In this manner, the Lebanese Arab diaspora poet Khalil Gibran is one of the foremost contributors to the Arabic literary world. The research tries to introduce Arabic diaspora literatue and poet Khalil Zibran and to express the theoretical and social ideas expressed in his poems. For this purpose, descriptive and analytical methods were used and studied. The poet Khalil Gibran writes in these poems all his philosophical thoughts and social views, and speaks in it with the senses of nature and its details, arguing that nature is the cause of complete happiness and that the world is free from hypocrisy. This is what he describes as the characteristic of souls who strive to achieve their distant goal behind perfect human life away from the false world of materialism.
{"title":"Philosophical dialogue in Arabic diaspora literature with special reference to Kahlil Gibran’s poems","authors":"Munas Mha","doi":"10.54392/ijot2213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2213","url":null,"abstract":"Philosophy regulates the functioning of human life. Good philosophies are the cross-cutting faces of human life. This theoretical thinking in Arabic literature dates back to the Jahiliyya period. Arab literary figures that, have appeared throughout history, have made significant contributions to the regulation of human life by conveying philosophical ideas in their literary works. These philosophical dialogues have the potential to elicit a positive response in solving the various social, economic and political issues of human life. In this manner, the Lebanese Arab diaspora poet Khalil Gibran is one of the foremost contributors to the Arabic literary world. The research tries to introduce Arabic diaspora literatue and poet Khalil Zibran and to express the theoretical and social ideas expressed in his poems. For this purpose, descriptive and analytical methods were used and studied. The poet Khalil Gibran writes in these poems all his philosophical thoughts and social views, and speaks in it with the senses of nature and its details, arguing that nature is the cause of complete happiness and that the world is free from hypocrisy. This is what he describes as the characteristic of souls who strive to achieve their distant goal behind perfect human life away from the false world of materialism.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123688846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pattinapalai is one of the literatures that testifies to the life lived by the ancient Tamil people. This book is composed by the poet Uruthirakannanar. The specialty of the ancient Chola country, its wealth, the heroic deeds of Charikalan and the way of life of the people are highlighted. The song is set at 301 feet. Pattinapalai is the epitome of the charcoal Chola specialty of Kavirippoompattinam. Sangam literature holds a unique place in the creative context of Tamil literary history. The Sangakkala people can be discriminated against as natural morality because they lived with natural morality and as heroic age because of the emphasis on heroic sentiments. Songs are a mixture of literature and life. Sangakkala songs are also known as people's life songs. Most of them are spontaneous poems that express their innermost feelings. The study is set to explore the emotions of the poets, the lifestyles of the people, and the thoughts of life.
{"title":"Biographical Thoughts of Pattinapalai","authors":"L. K, S. G","doi":"10.54392/ijot2212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54392/ijot2212","url":null,"abstract":"Pattinapalai is one of the literatures that testifies to the life lived by the ancient Tamil people. This book is composed by the poet Uruthirakannanar. The specialty of the ancient Chola country, its wealth, the heroic deeds of Charikalan and the way of life of the people are highlighted. The song is set at 301 feet. Pattinapalai is the epitome of the charcoal Chola specialty of Kavirippoompattinam. Sangam literature holds a unique place in the creative context of Tamil literary history. The Sangakkala people can be discriminated against as natural morality because they lived with natural morality and as heroic age because of the emphasis on heroic sentiments. Songs are a mixture of literature and life. Sangakkala songs are also known as people's life songs. Most of them are spontaneous poems that express their innermost feelings. The study is set to explore the emotions of the poets, the lifestyles of the people, and the thoughts of life.","PeriodicalId":166390,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Tamil","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129978300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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