Objective: To find out the effect of Health Literacy (HL) on Treatment Adherence among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, covering both Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological compliances. Methodology: This research was conducted using cross-sectional survey on patients with the mean age of 55.15+.59 years from Mercy teaching hospital of Peshawar from March to August 2022. Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) and another questionnaire related with knowledge, risk factors and its complications were also used. Control on diabetes of patients was measured by the last HBA1C test results. Analysis was carried out using SPSS v.26, using descriptive statistic and Pearson correlation. Results: In this study the response rate was 96.8%, with the mean age (n=242) of 55.15+.59 years. The Reliability of the scale Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) through Cronbach Alpha reliability was 0.88. Most of the patients were male (n=157, 64.8%), from OPD (n=238, 98%), and have diabetic family history (n=198, 80%) respectively. Majority of the patients were taking oral medications (n=135, 55.6%), have good diabetic control levels of HbA1c (n=104, 42.8%) and taken physician guide regarding diabetes knowledge and management (n=86, 35.4%) respectively. Statistically significant relationship was found between health literacy with pharmacological and non-pharmacological compliance (p=0.000) through Pearson correlation. Conclusion: It is concluded that a high level of HL plays a vital role in the management of type II diabetes, also it is strongly related with improved glycemic control, indicating a strong positive relationship between knowledge acquisition and successful management of diabetes.
{"title":"INTEGRATING KNOWLEDGE: HEALTH LITERACY AND ITS EFFECT ON COMPLIANCE OF TYPE II DIABETES","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3268","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the effect of Health Literacy (HL) on Treatment Adherence among Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus, covering both Pharmacological and Non-Pharmacological compliances. Methodology: This research was conducted using cross-sectional survey on patients with the mean age of 55.15+.59 years from Mercy teaching hospital of Peshawar from March to August 2022. Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) and another questionnaire related with knowledge, risk factors and its complications were also used. Control on diabetes of patients was measured by the last HBA1C test results. Analysis was carried out using SPSS v.26, using descriptive statistic and Pearson correlation. Results: In this study the response rate was 96.8%, with the mean age (n=242) of 55.15+.59 years. The Reliability of the scale Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) through Cronbach Alpha reliability was 0.88. Most of the patients were male (n=157, 64.8%), from OPD (n=238, 98%), and have diabetic family history (n=198, 80%) respectively. Majority of the patients were taking oral medications (n=135, 55.6%), have good diabetic control levels of HbA1c (n=104, 42.8%) and taken physician guide regarding diabetes knowledge and management (n=86, 35.4%) respectively. Statistically significant relationship was found between health literacy with pharmacological and non-pharmacological compliance (p=0.000) through Pearson correlation. Conclusion: It is concluded that a high level of HL plays a vital role in the management of type II diabetes, also it is strongly related with improved glycemic control, indicating a strong positive relationship between knowledge acquisition and successful management of diabetes.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"19 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135684137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To assess the pattern of palatal rugae in mixed dentition subjects based on Angle’s classification of malocclusions. Methodology: Pre-treatment high quality white orthodontic stone models of 102 subjects, 55 males and 47 females were selected to conduct a cross-sectional study at Peshawar. Pattern, length and orientation of palatal rugae of all subjects included in the study were assessed using the proposed method of Thomas and Kotze for classification of palatal rugae. The mean, standard deviation and percentages were measured using SPSS Version 20.0. The mean highest length of second right side rugae was recorded 7.9020mm. Results: The study revealed significant differences in palatal rugae patterns based on gender (x2 = 6.016, df = 5, p = .305). The orientation of horizontally directed rugae was predominant (55.9%), followed by posteriorly (26.5%) and anteriorly directed (17.6%) rugae. Furthermore, the analysis showed notable associations between malocclusion classification and primary rugae count, length, orientation, and pattern. Conclusion: This study underscores the pivotal role of palatal rugae in accurate person identification, forensics, and dental records administration. The unique characteristics of palatal rugae hold substantial promise in forensic dentistry, enhancing our understanding of their distinct attributes and applications.
目的:根据Angle的错牙合分类，探讨混合牙列患者腭纹的分布规律。方法:选择治疗前优质白色正畸石模型102例，男55例，女47例，在白沙瓦进行横断面研究。采用Thomas和Kotze提出的腭纹分类方法对所有研究对象腭纹的形态、长度和方向进行评估。均值、标准差和百分比采用SPSS 20.0版本进行测量。右二侧纹平均最长长度为7.9020mm。结果:腭纹形态在性别上存在显著差异(x2 = 6.016, df = 5, p = 0.305)。以横纹取向为主(55.9%)，其次为后纹取向(26.5%)和前纹取向(17.6%)。此外，分析显示错牙合分类与原发小纹数、长度、方向和模式有显著的相关性。结论:本研究强调了腭纹在准确的身份识别、法医鉴定和牙科记录管理中的关键作用。腭纹的独特特征在法医牙科中具有重要的前景，增强了我们对其独特属性和应用的理解。
{"title":"FREQUENCY OF DIFFERENT PALATAL RUGAE PATTERNS IN MIXED DENTITION PATIENTS","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3204","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the pattern of palatal rugae in mixed dentition subjects based on Angle’s classification of malocclusions. Methodology: Pre-treatment high quality white orthodontic stone models of 102 subjects, 55 males and 47 females were selected to conduct a cross-sectional study at Peshawar. Pattern, length and orientation of palatal rugae of all subjects included in the study were assessed using the proposed method of Thomas and Kotze for classification of palatal rugae. The mean, standard deviation and percentages were measured using SPSS Version 20.0. The mean highest length of second right side rugae was recorded 7.9020mm. Results: The study revealed significant differences in palatal rugae patterns based on gender (x2 = 6.016, df = 5, p = .305). The orientation of horizontally directed rugae was predominant (55.9%), followed by posteriorly (26.5%) and anteriorly directed (17.6%) rugae. Furthermore, the analysis showed notable associations between malocclusion classification and primary rugae count, length, orientation, and pattern. Conclusion: This study underscores the pivotal role of palatal rugae in accurate person identification, forensics, and dental records administration. The unique characteristics of palatal rugae hold substantial promise in forensic dentistry, enhancing our understanding of their distinct attributes and applications.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"18 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135683960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To evaluate the rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with breast carcinoma who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methodology: The following cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Oncology, Hayatabad medical complex from December 2022 to May 2023 comprising of 174 patients aged between 30-70 years. Keeping inclusion and exclusion criteria in perspective sampling was done through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. The primary outcome measured was the complete pathological response (pCR), which was assessed based on four categories: stage and lymph node, molecular signature, chemotherapy regimen, and age. Data analysis was achieved using SPSS version 23.0 and results were depicted in the form of description, tables and graphs. Results: Out of 174 patients, 27 patients achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR). Among the patients classified based on stage and lymph node involvement, the highest number (n= 25, 31.6%) of pCR cases was observed in the stage II lymph node-negative group. The study also analyzed pCR rates based on the molecular signature. The triple-negative subtype exhibited the top pCR rate of 26 %. Furthermore, the study assessed pCR rates based on different chemotherapy regimens. The maximum pCR rate was observed in patients receiving TCHP (20%). Among the patients based on age, those aged less than 35 years had the highest pCR rate (100%). Conclusion: The propensity of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) to convert an in-operable tumor into an operable one is unprecedented. This allows conservative surgery to take place with reduced morbidity and mortality among cancer patients.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF PATHOLOGICAL COMPLETE RESPONSE FOLLOWING NEO ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3274","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the rate of pathologic complete response (pCR) in patients with breast carcinoma who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methodology: The following cross sectional study was conducted at the Department of Oncology, Hayatabad medical complex from December 2022 to May 2023 comprising of 174 patients aged between 30-70 years. Keeping inclusion and exclusion criteria in perspective sampling was done through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. The primary outcome measured was the complete pathological response (pCR), which was assessed based on four categories: stage and lymph node, molecular signature, chemotherapy regimen, and age. Data analysis was achieved using SPSS version 23.0 and results were depicted in the form of description, tables and graphs. Results: Out of 174 patients, 27 patients achieved a pathologic complete response (pCR). Among the patients classified based on stage and lymph node involvement, the highest number (n= 25, 31.6%) of pCR cases was observed in the stage II lymph node-negative group. The study also analyzed pCR rates based on the molecular signature. The triple-negative subtype exhibited the top pCR rate of 26 %. Furthermore, the study assessed pCR rates based on different chemotherapy regimens. The maximum pCR rate was observed in patients receiving TCHP (20%). Among the patients based on age, those aged less than 35 years had the highest pCR rate (100%). Conclusion: The propensity of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) to convert an in-operable tumor into an operable one is unprecedented. This allows conservative surgery to take place with reduced morbidity and mortality among cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"17 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135683962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To find out the fetomaternal outcome of patients referred to tertiary care hospital after trial of labour. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. All patients admitted in the labour room who had trial of labour outside the hospital by midwife, lady health visitor (LHV) or doctor were included in the study. Patients who were not handled outside hospital were excluded. Patients were selected through non probability convenient sampling technique after informed written consent. At the time of admission detail clinical evaluation was done to assess the condition of both mother and fetus. Patients were then managed according to the labour suit protocols. Data were entered on a predesigned proforma and then analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 186 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 27±6.8 years. Majority of the patients were multigravida (38.70%). Most of the patients were handled by LHV/ midwives 109(58.60%). About 43.54% patients underwent cesarean section and 13.43% were delivered by instrumental delivery. Ruptured uterus was diagnosed in 1.07% cases, while 2.5% were having scar dehiscence. Postpartum haemorrhage occurred in 25 (13.44%) women. About 64(34.40%) babies were delivered with low APGAR score and 18(9.67%) babies were admitted in NICU. Conclusion: Women who were handled outside hospital were associated with poor fetomaternal outcome.
{"title":"FETOMATERNAL OUTCOME OF PATIENTS REFERRED TO TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL AFTER TRIAL OF LABOUR","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3229","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To find out the fetomaternal outcome of patients referred to tertiary care hospital after trial of labour. Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. All patients admitted in the labour room who had trial of labour outside the hospital by midwife, lady health visitor (LHV) or doctor were included in the study. Patients who were not handled outside hospital were excluded. Patients were selected through non probability convenient sampling technique after informed written consent. At the time of admission detail clinical evaluation was done to assess the condition of both mother and fetus. Patients were then managed according to the labour suit protocols. Data were entered on a predesigned proforma and then analyzed using descriptive statistics including frequencies and percentages using SPSS version 20. Results: A total of 186 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients was 27±6.8 years. Majority of the patients were multigravida (38.70%). Most of the patients were handled by LHV/ midwives 109(58.60%). About 43.54% patients underwent cesarean section and 13.43% were delivered by instrumental delivery. Ruptured uterus was diagnosed in 1.07% cases, while 2.5% were having scar dehiscence. Postpartum haemorrhage occurred in 25 (13.44%) women. About 64(34.40%) babies were delivered with low APGAR score and 18(9.67%) babies were admitted in NICU. Conclusion: Women who were handled outside hospital were associated with poor fetomaternal outcome.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"17 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135683963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: This study aims to explore the correlation between peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) and individual components of metabolic syndrome among type 2 diabetic patients. Methodology: Between December 2019 and March 2022, we carried out a cross-sectional investigation involving 191 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. These patients were admitted to the internal medicine department at of the Public Hospital Establishment of "Ben Badis" and the Public Establishment of Local Health “Larbi Ben M'hidi Diabetes Centre” of Sidi-Bel-Abbes, Algeria. The criteria established by NCEP ATPIII (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III) were employed to define the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) was based on Angiography and an ankle-brachial index (ABI) below 0.9. Results: Of the 191 diabetic individuals, 47.1% had PAD and 78.5% had MetS; 52.66% of MetS patients developed PAD. Significant differences (p<0.05) in age, LDL, TG, CRP, serum chloride, and fibrinogen were noted between PAD and NPAD groups. Causal associations (p<0.05) were found between PAD and male gender, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, inactivity, and MetS. PAD increased with MetS anomalies. Strongest PAD risks were low HDL, high TG, and blood sugar cluster (OR=10.75), followed by high waist circumference, TG, blood pressure, and blood sugar cluster (OR=8.361). Conclusion: This study reveals a strong MetS-PAD association and highlights how specific MetS components independently influence PAD occurrence in adult type 2 diabetes patients.
目的:探讨2型糖尿病患者外周动脉病变(PAD)与代谢综合征各组成部分的相关性。方法:在2019年12月至2022年3月期间，我们对191例诊断为2型糖尿病的患者进行了横断面调查。这些病人被收住在阿尔及利亚"Ben Badis"公立医院的内科和Sidi-Bel-Abbes的地方卫生公共机构" Larbi Ben M'hidi糖尿病中心"。采用NCEP ATPIII(国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组III)建立的标准来定义代谢综合征(MetS)的存在。外周动脉疾病(PAD)的诊断是基于血管造影和踝肱指数(ABI)低于0.9。结果:191例糖尿病患者中，有47.1%患有PAD, 78.5%患有MetS;52.66%的met患者发展为PAD。PAD组与NPAD组在年龄、LDL、TG、CRP、血清氯离子、纤维蛋白原等指标上差异有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。PAD与男性性别、肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、缺乏运动和MetS之间存在因果关系(p<0.05)。PAD随着MetS异常而增加。PAD风险最高的是低HDL、高TG和血糖簇(OR=10.75)，其次是高腰围、高TG、高血压和血糖簇(OR=8.361)。结论:本研究揭示了MetS与PAD的强烈关联，并强调了特定MetS成分如何独立影响成人2型糖尿病患者PAD的发生。
{"title":"ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASES AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES FROM NORTHWESTERN ALGERIA","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3249","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aims to explore the correlation between peripheral arterial diseases (PAD) and individual components of metabolic syndrome among type 2 diabetic patients. Methodology: Between December 2019 and March 2022, we carried out a cross-sectional investigation involving 191 patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. These patients were admitted to the internal medicine department at of the Public Hospital Establishment of \"Ben Badis\" and the Public Establishment of Local Health “Larbi Ben M'hidi Diabetes Centre” of Sidi-Bel-Abbes, Algeria. The criteria established by NCEP ATPIII (National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III) were employed to define the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) was based on Angiography and an ankle-brachial index (ABI) below 0.9. Results: Of the 191 diabetic individuals, 47.1% had PAD and 78.5% had MetS; 52.66% of MetS patients developed PAD. Significant differences (p<0.05) in age, LDL, TG, CRP, serum chloride, and fibrinogen were noted between PAD and NPAD groups. Causal associations (p<0.05) were found between PAD and male gender, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, inactivity, and MetS. PAD increased with MetS anomalies. Strongest PAD risks were low HDL, high TG, and blood sugar cluster (OR=10.75), followed by high waist circumference, TG, blood pressure, and blood sugar cluster (OR=8.361). Conclusion: This study reveals a strong MetS-PAD association and highlights how specific MetS components independently influence PAD occurrence in adult type 2 diabetes patients.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"16 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135683968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To compare the frequency of postoperative arrhythmias with amiodarone versus magnesium sulphate in patients undergoing open heart surgery Methodology: This randomized Controlled trial was done at Department of Anethesia Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Eighty patients of age 40-70 years, either gender undergoing open heart surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled via Non-probability, consecutive sampling technique. Then they were divided in two groups by using lottery method. In group A, patients were given loading dose of amiodarone 5mg/Kg and in group B, patients were given 2g of MgSO4 in 100ml of isotonic 0.9% solution intravenously. After surgery, patients were followed-up there for 3 days. Patients were monitored through ECG monitor for postoperative arrhythmias. Results: The mean age of patients was 49.93±7.38 years in amiodarone group while 51.45±7.31yeas in MgSO4 group. There were 26 (65%) males and 14 (35%) females in group A while 15 males (37.5%) and 25 females (62.5%) in group B. Postoperative arrhythmias were observed in 10 (25%) cases with amiodarone while in 16 (40%) cases with MgSO4, although the difference was insignificant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The frequency of postoperative arrhythmias is reduced with using amiodarone than MgSO4.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF AMIODARONE VERSUS MAGNESIUM SULPHATE IN PREVENTION OF POST OPERATIVE ARRHYTHMIAS IN OPEN HEART SURGERY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL AT LADY READING HOSPITAL PESHAWAR","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3300","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To compare the frequency of postoperative arrhythmias with amiodarone versus magnesium sulphate in patients undergoing open heart surgery Methodology: This randomized Controlled trial was done at Department of Anethesia Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Eighty patients of age 40-70 years, either gender undergoing open heart surgery under general anesthesia were enrolled via Non-probability, consecutive sampling technique. Then they were divided in two groups by using lottery method. In group A, patients were given loading dose of amiodarone 5mg/Kg and in group B, patients were given 2g of MgSO4 in 100ml of isotonic 0.9% solution intravenously. After surgery, patients were followed-up there for 3 days. Patients were monitored through ECG monitor for postoperative arrhythmias. Results: The mean age of patients was 49.93±7.38 years in amiodarone group while 51.45±7.31yeas in MgSO4 group. There were 26 (65%) males and 14 (35%) females in group A while 15 males (37.5%) and 25 females (62.5%) in group B. Postoperative arrhythmias were observed in 10 (25%) cases with amiodarone while in 16 (40%) cases with MgSO4, although the difference was insignificant (p>0.05). Conclusion: The frequency of postoperative arrhythmias is reduced with using amiodarone than MgSO4.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"17 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135683964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"TIME TO TREAT THE CLIMATE AND NATURE CRISIS AS ONE INDIVISIBLE GLOBAL HEALTH EMERGENCY","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.4.3349","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"17 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135683965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of USG and CT compared with MRCP in the patients with obstructive jaundice considering ERCP as the gold standard Methodology: This cross-sectional study at Mayo Hospital, Lahore, spanned 6 months and included 71 cases meeting predefined criteria. A senior radiologist prepared all reports. The study used preliminary ultrasound, CECT abdomen, and MRCP for patients with cholestatic jaundice, comparing results with ERCP. MRCP showed higher diagnostic accuracy. Results: MRCP proved to be the most accurate in diagnostic accuracy. Its sensitivity and specificity for benign conditions were 94.87% and 93.75% while for CT it was 87.18% and 81.25% and for USG it was 84.62% and 90.63% respectively. For malignant conditions sensitivity and specificity for MRCP was 93.75% and 97.44% for CT it was 87.5% and 92.31% and for USG it was 81.25% and 89.74% respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that MRCP is a superior modality, exhibiting higher sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for evaluating both malignant and benign conditions in patients with obstructive jaundice compared to USG and contrast-enhanced CT. MRCP's specificity for various etiologies matches that of ERCP, which is considered the gold standard. While MRCP's cost and availability may be a concern, its non-invasiveness, contrast-free nature, and high diagnostic accuracy make it an ideal choice for evaluating patients with obstructive jaundice.
{"title":"DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASOUND SONOGRAPHY TEST AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY COMPARED WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCE CHOLANGIO PANCREATOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE JAUNDICE CONSIDERING ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIO PANCREATOGRAPHY AS GOLD STANDARD","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.3.3226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.3.3226","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of USG and CT compared with MRCP in the patients with obstructive jaundice considering ERCP as the gold standard Methodology: This cross-sectional study at Mayo Hospital, Lahore, spanned 6 months and included 71 cases meeting predefined criteria. A senior radiologist prepared all reports. The study used preliminary ultrasound, CECT abdomen, and MRCP for patients with cholestatic jaundice, comparing results with ERCP. MRCP showed higher diagnostic accuracy. Results: MRCP proved to be the most accurate in diagnostic accuracy. Its sensitivity and specificity for benign conditions were 94.87% and 93.75% while for CT it was 87.18% and 81.25% and for USG it was 84.62% and 90.63% respectively. For malignant conditions sensitivity and specificity for MRCP was 93.75% and 97.44% for CT it was 87.5% and 92.31% and for USG it was 81.25% and 89.74% respectively. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that MRCP is a superior modality, exhibiting higher sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy for evaluating both malignant and benign conditions in patients with obstructive jaundice compared to USG and contrast-enhanced CT. MRCP's specificity for various etiologies matches that of ERCP, which is considered the gold standard. While MRCP's cost and availability may be a concern, its non-invasiveness, contrast-free nature, and high diagnostic accuracy make it an ideal choice for evaluating patients with obstructive jaundice.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135182688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: To determine the frequency of normal and abnormal handgrip strength in patients with chronic liver disease.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study has been conducted in the Department of Medicine Khyber Teaching Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Data was collected over six months, from October 2020 to April 2021 after the approval by the institutional ethical board. Each participant gave informed consent before being included in the study. A total of 254 patients were included. Every patient was asked to hold the Hand Dynamometer in the dominant hand as per the set criteria. Three readings were taken with a resting period of ten seconds between each, and the highest reading in kilograms was considered final. Calliper (Lange®) was used to measure the thickness of the Triceps skin fold (TSF) and Adductor pollicis muscle (APMT). The anthropometric value of TSF and abdominal circumference (AC) was taken, and measurements were also made of the mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC).Results: Among 254 patients, the mean age was 48 ± 10.59 years while145 (57%) patients were male, while 109 (43%) were female. Moreover, 125 (49%) patients had normal handgrip strength (HGS), while 129 (51%) had abnormal handgrip strength. The mean APMT was 16.5 ± 3.4 mm, the mean MAMC 24.2 ± 3.7 cm, and the mean TSF was 15 ± 13.11 mm.Conclusion: Abnormal handgrip strength was reported in more than half of patients with chronic liver disease. HGS test is a convenient and cost-effective bedside tool to determine sarcopenia in chronic liver disease patients.
{"title":"HAND GRIP STRENGTH AS A MODALITY FOR SARCOPENIA IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LIVER DISEASES","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.3.3245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.3.3245","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency of normal and abnormal handgrip strength in patients with chronic liver disease.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study has been conducted in the Department of Medicine Khyber Teaching Hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan. Data was collected over six months, from October 2020 to April 2021 after the approval by the institutional ethical board. Each participant gave informed consent before being included in the study. A total of 254 patients were included. Every patient was asked to hold the Hand Dynamometer in the dominant hand as per the set criteria. Three readings were taken with a resting period of ten seconds between each, and the highest reading in kilograms was considered final. Calliper (Lange®) was used to measure the thickness of the Triceps skin fold (TSF) and Adductor pollicis muscle (APMT). The anthropometric value of TSF and abdominal circumference (AC) was taken, and measurements were also made of the mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC).Results: Among 254 patients, the mean age was 48 ± 10.59 years while145 (57%) patients were male, while 109 (43%) were female. Moreover, 125 (49%) patients had normal handgrip strength (HGS), while 129 (51%) had abnormal handgrip strength. The mean APMT was 16.5 ± 3.4 mm, the mean MAMC 24.2 ± 3.7 cm, and the mean TSF was 15 ± 13.11 mm.Conclusion: Abnormal handgrip strength was reported in more than half of patients with chronic liver disease. HGS test is a convenient and cost-effective bedside tool to determine sarcopenia in chronic liver disease patients.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135182681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: To determine the frequency of immunochromatographic test for false negative HBV and HCV testing among healthy blood donors in Lahore - Pakistan. Methodology: This was 18 months cross sectional pilot study, conducted in private and public blood banks of city Lahore. After taking formal consent from head of selected Hospital and in charge blood bank/ donors, blood bags screened as HBs Ag and Anti HCV negative by immune-chromatographic (ICT) method, 3-5 ml blood was transferred to coded tube and later transferred to ex-PHRC research Centre NHRC Lahore, where plasma was separated through centrifugation and stored at -40/-20C. Collected samples from this Centre sent to ex-PHRC Research Centre Khyber Medical College Peshawar in cold chain for ELISA testing. Results: Study found that among 385 HBs Ag and anti HCV ICT negative Labeled blood bags 0.8 % was positive for HBs Ag and 2.1% blood bags was positive for anti HCV antibody on ELISA testing. Frequency of AB –ive and A-ive blood bags availability were very rare, 1 % for both types. False negative testing rate of blood bags was comparatively high in public sectors hospitals (1 % for HBs Ag and 3.2% for anti HCV) than private sector hospitals (0.5% for HBs Ag and 1% for anti HCV. False negative ICT testing rate was observed high among blood group B +ive (0.8% for HBV and 4.1% for HCV) than all other blood groups. Conclusion: Study found that 0.8% blood bags were screened falsely negative by immuno-chromatographic method (ICT) for HBs Ag and 2.1% for anti HCV.
{"title":"COMPARISON OF IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST NEGATIVE HEPATITIS B VIRUS AND HEPATITIS C VIRUS BLOOD DONATIONS WITH ELISA IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BLOOD BANKS OF LAHORE - PAKISTAN","authors":"","doi":"10.54079/jpmi.37.3.3200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54079/jpmi.37.3.3200","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To determine the frequency of immunochromatographic test for false negative HBV and HCV testing among healthy blood donors in Lahore - Pakistan. Methodology: This was 18 months cross sectional pilot study, conducted in private and public blood banks of city Lahore. After taking formal consent from head of selected Hospital and in charge blood bank/ donors, blood bags screened as HBs Ag and Anti HCV negative by immune-chromatographic (ICT) method, 3-5 ml blood was transferred to coded tube and later transferred to ex-PHRC research Centre NHRC Lahore, where plasma was separated through centrifugation and stored at -40/-20C. Collected samples from this Centre sent to ex-PHRC Research Centre Khyber Medical College Peshawar in cold chain for ELISA testing. Results: Study found that among 385 HBs Ag and anti HCV ICT negative Labeled blood bags 0.8 % was positive for HBs Ag and 2.1% blood bags was positive for anti HCV antibody on ELISA testing. Frequency of AB –ive and A-ive blood bags availability were very rare, 1 % for both types. False negative testing rate of blood bags was comparatively high in public sectors hospitals (1 % for HBs Ag and 3.2% for anti HCV) than private sector hospitals (0.5% for HBs Ag and 1% for anti HCV. False negative ICT testing rate was observed high among blood group B +ive (0.8% for HBV and 4.1% for HCV) than all other blood groups. Conclusion: Study found that 0.8% blood bags were screened falsely negative by immuno-chromatographic method (ICT) for HBs Ag and 2.1% for anti HCV.","PeriodicalId":16878,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135182683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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