ObjectiveIndividuals with disabilities face elevated risks of adverse oral health outcomes compared with the general population, including worse periodontal health, increased edentulism, and untreated dental decay. Given the varied impacts of different disabilities on people's health and well‐being, this study aims to investigate diverse associations between untreated decay and cognitive, physical, emotional, and sensory disabilities among US adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study analyzed questionnaire and clinical examination data on 7084 adults (≥20 years) from the 2015–18 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles. Sociodemographics, oral health behaviors, health conditions, and disability were all examined. The prevalence of tooth decay was calculated as the proportion of adults with untreated decay. Survey‐weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between disability and untreated decay.ResultsIn general, untreated decay was more than twice as prevalent in individuals with three or more disabilities as in those without any disabilities (34.5% vs. 13.2%, p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, lack of functional dentition was the most significant predictor of untreated decay prevalence (adjusted odds ratio: 2.97, 95% CI: 2.37–3.72). Other significant factors were younger age (20–44), non‐Hispanic black race or ethnicity, low‐income status, having an underlying chronic condition, not having a past‐year dental visit, symptomatic dental visits, and current tobacco use.ConclusionNo associations were found between disability type (cognitive, emotional, physical, and sensory) and untreated decay among community‐dwelling US adults. Several health‐related, social, and behavioral factors emerged as primary predictors of untreated decay. Further research is needed to explore disability types and dental caries determinants.
{"title":"Associations between disability type and untreated dental decay among community dwelling US adults","authors":"Ishita Singh, Xiaobai Li, Timothy J. Iafolla, Shahdokht Boroumand, Hosam Alraqiq","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12644","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveIndividuals with disabilities face elevated risks of adverse oral health outcomes compared with the general population, including worse periodontal health, increased edentulism, and untreated dental decay. Given the varied impacts of different disabilities on people's health and well‐being, this study aims to investigate diverse associations between untreated decay and cognitive, physical, emotional, and sensory disabilities among US adults.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study analyzed questionnaire and clinical examination data on 7084 adults (≥20 years) from the 2015–18 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cycles. Sociodemographics, oral health behaviors, health conditions, and disability were all examined. The prevalence of tooth decay was calculated as the proportion of adults with untreated decay. Survey‐weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between disability and untreated decay.ResultsIn general, untreated decay was more than twice as prevalent in individuals with three or more disabilities as in those without any disabilities (34.5% vs. 13.2%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, lack of functional dentition was the most significant predictor of untreated decay prevalence (adjusted odds ratio: 2.97, 95% CI: 2.37–3.72). Other significant factors were younger age (20–44), non‐Hispanic black race or ethnicity, low‐income status, having an underlying chronic condition, not having a past‐year dental visit, symptomatic dental visits, and current tobacco use.ConclusionNo associations were found between disability type (cognitive, emotional, physical, and sensory) and untreated decay among community‐dwelling US adults. Several health‐related, social, and behavioral factors emerged as primary predictors of untreated decay. Further research is needed to explore disability types and dental caries determinants.","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142190782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christie L. Lumsden, Burton L. Edelstein, Cheng‐Shiun Leu, Jiaqing Zhang, Marcie S. Rubin, Howard Andrews
ObjectivesTo evaluate parent knowledge and belief changes following the MySmileBuddy (MSB) early childhood caries (ECC) intervention.MethodsPre‐ and post‐intervention surveys were completed by 669 parents of children with visually‐evident ECC from among 977 participants in a 6–12‐month pragmatic community‐based caries management trial administered by community health workers (CHWs). Six domains of knowledge about caries and motivating and facilitating determinants were assessed via 26 survey items. Principal components analysis and reliability testing reduced dataset dimensionality. Parent and CHW characteristics were analyzed as potential moderators. Paired T‐tests measured pre‐to‐post‐intervention changes. Generalized estimating equations accounted for within‐participant correlation with significance set at p < 0.05.ResultsTwenty items consolidated into five factors (saliva, hygiene, diet, seriousness/susceptibility, and outcome expectations). Six additional items were evaluated individually. Positive post‐intervention changes (p < 0.0001) were observed across all factors and all but one individual item (tooth decay is very common). Greatest knowledge increases related to caries as a bacterial disease in two measures, the saliva factor and a single caries belief item tooth decay is an infectious disease (0.59 unit increase, 95% CI [0.55, 0.64] and 0.46 unit increase, 95% CI [0.4, 0.51], respectively), and in the value of fluoridated water over bottled (0.46 unit increase, 95% CI [0.39–0.53]). Most parents improved knowledge of ECC salivary (72%) and dietary risks (57%), and preventative hygiene behaviors (59%).ConclusionsMSB enhanced knowledge and beliefs about caries and confirmed hypothesized mediators of behavior change among parents of high‐risk children. Engaging peer‐like CHW interventionists may have moderated intervention effects, warranting further exploration.
方法 在一项由社区卫生工作人员(CHWs)实施的为期 6-12 个月的务实社区龋齿管理试验中,从 977 名参与者中选出了 669 名患有肉眼可见的龋齿儿童的家长,对他们进行了干预前和干预后调查。通过 26 个调查项目对龋病知识的六个领域以及激励和促进因素进行了评估。主成分分析和可靠性测试降低了数据集的维度。家长和社区保健员的特征作为潜在的调节因素进行了分析。配对 T 检验衡量了干预前后的变化。结果20个项目合并为5个因子(唾液、卫生、饮食、严重性/易感性和结果预期)。另外六个项目进行了单独评估。除一个单项(蛀牙很常见)外,所有因素和所有单项在干预后都发生了积极变化(p < 0.0001)。在唾液因素和蛀牙是一种传染性疾病的单一龋齿信念项目(分别增加了 0.59 个单位,95% CI [0.55, 0.64] 和 0.46 个单位,95% CI [0.4, 0.51])这两项措施中,与龋齿是一种细菌性疾病相关的知识增加最多,而在氟化水比瓶装水更有价值(增加了 0.46 个单位,95% CI [0.39-0.53])这两项措施中,与龋齿是一种细菌性疾病相关的知识增加最多。大多数家长提高了对 ECC 唾液风险(72%)和饮食风险(57%)以及预防性卫生行为(59%)的认识。朋辈式儿童保健工作者的参与可能会调节干预效果,值得进一步探讨。
{"title":"Change in parental knowledge and beliefs about early childhood dental caries following a pragmatic community‐based trial","authors":"Christie L. Lumsden, Burton L. Edelstein, Cheng‐Shiun Leu, Jiaqing Zhang, Marcie S. Rubin, Howard Andrews","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12620","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesTo evaluate parent knowledge and belief changes following the MySmileBuddy (MSB) early childhood caries (ECC) intervention.MethodsPre‐ and post‐intervention surveys were completed by 669 parents of children with visually‐evident ECC from among 977 participants in a 6–12‐month pragmatic community‐based caries management trial administered by community health workers (CHWs). Six domains of knowledge about caries and motivating and facilitating determinants were assessed via 26 survey items. Principal components analysis and reliability testing reduced dataset dimensionality. Parent and CHW characteristics were analyzed as potential moderators. Paired <jats:italic>T</jats:italic>‐tests measured pre‐to‐post‐intervention changes. Generalized estimating equations accounted for within‐participant correlation with significance set at <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05.ResultsTwenty items consolidated into five factors (<jats:italic>saliva, hygiene, diet, seriousness/susceptibility, and outcome expectations</jats:italic>). Six additional items were evaluated individually. Positive post‐intervention changes (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.0001) were observed across all factors and all but one individual item (<jats:italic>tooth decay is very common</jats:italic>). Greatest knowledge increases related to caries as a bacterial disease in two measures, the <jats:italic>saliva factor</jats:italic> and a single caries belief item <jats:italic>tooth decay is an infectious disease</jats:italic> (0.59 unit increase, 95% CI [0.55, 0.64] and 0.46 unit increase, 95% CI [0.4, 0.51], respectively), and in the value of fluoridated water over bottled (0.46 unit increase, 95% CI [0.39–0.53]). Most parents improved knowledge of ECC salivary (72%) and dietary risks (57%), and preventative hygiene behaviors (59%).ConclusionsMSB enhanced knowledge and beliefs about caries and confirmed hypothesized mediators of behavior change among parents of high‐risk children. Engaging peer‐like CHW interventionists may have moderated intervention effects, warranting further exploration.","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140831818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natalie Bussard, Paul Casamassimo, Homa Amini, Jin Peng, Andrew Wapner, Beau D. Meyer
ObjectiveThis retrospective cohort study compared differences in age one dental visit use and age at first dental visit according to fluoride varnish receipt at the pediatric medical home.MethodsEnrollment and claims data were used from Partners For Kids, a pediatric accountable care organization covering Medicaid‐enrolled children living in 47 of 88 counties in Ohio. The main outcomes were having an age one dental visit and the mean age at first dental visit. Descriptive statistics and bivariate comparisons were applied.ResultsAmong 17,675 children, 2.8% had an age one dental visit. The mean age at first dental visit was 4.8 years. Children who received fluoride varnish from their medical home (12% of study population) were significantly younger at their first dental visit (4.1 vs. 4.9 years, p < 0.001).ConclusionDespite longstanding recommendations for the age one dental visit, very few Medicaid‐enrolled children in Ohio had one. The pediatric medical home lowered the age of first dental visit.
{"title":"Age of first dental visits: A benefit of the pediatric medical home","authors":"Natalie Bussard, Paul Casamassimo, Homa Amini, Jin Peng, Andrew Wapner, Beau D. Meyer","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12619","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectiveThis retrospective cohort study compared differences in age one dental visit use and age at first dental visit according to fluoride varnish receipt at the pediatric medical home.MethodsEnrollment and claims data were used from Partners For Kids, a pediatric accountable care organization covering Medicaid‐enrolled children living in 47 of 88 counties in Ohio. The main outcomes were having an age one dental visit and the mean age at first dental visit. Descriptive statistics and bivariate comparisons were applied.ResultsAmong 17,675 children, 2.8% had an age one dental visit. The mean age at first dental visit was 4.8 years. Children who received fluoride varnish from their medical home (12% of study population) were significantly younger at their first dental visit (4.1 vs. 4.9 years, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001).ConclusionDespite longstanding recommendations for the age one dental visit, very few Medicaid‐enrolled children in Ohio had one. The pediatric medical home lowered the age of first dental visit.","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140831854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eduardo Ensaldo‐Carrasco, Luis Alvaro Álvarez‐Hernandez, María Luisa Peralta‐Pedrero, Carlos Aceves‐González
BackgroundPatient safety climate constitutes an important element for quality improvement. Its current evidence base has been generated in hospital settings in developed countries. Studies in dentistry are limited.ObjectiveTo systematically explore the evidence regarding assessing patient safety climate in dentistry.MethodsWe developed a search strategy to explore MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases from January 1st, 2002, to December 31st, 2022, to include observational studies on patient safety culture or patient safety climate assessment. Methodological features and item data concerning the dimensions employed for assessment were extracted and thematically analyzed. Reported scores were also collected.ResultsNine articles out of 5584 were included in this study. Most studies were generated from high‐income economies. Our analysis revealed methodological variations. Non‐randomized samples were employed (ranging from 139 to 656 participants), and response rates varied from 28% to 93.7%. Three types of measurement instruments have been adapted to assess patient safety climate. These mainly consisted of replacing words or rewording sentences. Only one study employed an instrument previously validated through psychometric methods. In general, patient safety climate levels were either low or neutral. Only one study reported scores equal to or greater than 75.DiscussionDespite diverse assessment tools, our two‐decade analysis reveals a lag compared with medicine, resulting in methodological variations for assessing patient safety climate. Collaboration is vital to elevate standards, prioritize patient safety across oral healthcare services, and advocate for integrating safety climate into local and national quality and patient safety strategies.
{"title":"Patient safety climate research in primary care dentistry: A systematic scoping review","authors":"Eduardo Ensaldo‐Carrasco, Luis Alvaro Álvarez‐Hernandez, María Luisa Peralta‐Pedrero, Carlos Aceves‐González","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jphd.12621","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundPatient safety climate constitutes an important element for quality improvement. Its current evidence base has been generated in hospital settings in developed countries. Studies in dentistry are limited.ObjectiveTo systematically explore the evidence regarding assessing patient safety climate in dentistry.MethodsWe developed a search strategy to explore MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases from January 1st, 2002, to December 31st, 2022, to include observational studies on patient safety culture or patient safety climate assessment. Methodological features and item data concerning the dimensions employed for assessment were extracted and thematically analyzed. Reported scores were also collected.ResultsNine articles out of 5584 were included in this study. Most studies were generated from high‐income economies. Our analysis revealed methodological variations. Non‐randomized samples were employed (ranging from 139 to 656 participants), and response rates varied from 28% to 93.7%. Three types of measurement instruments have been adapted to assess patient safety climate. These mainly consisted of replacing words or rewording sentences. Only one study employed an instrument previously validated through psychometric methods. In general, patient safety climate levels were either low or neutral. Only one study reported scores equal to or greater than 75.DiscussionDespite diverse assessment tools, our two‐decade analysis reveals a lag compared with medicine, resulting in methodological variations for assessing patient safety climate. Collaboration is vital to elevate standards, prioritize patient safety across oral healthcare services, and advocate for integrating safety climate into local and national quality and patient safety strategies.","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140832108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}