Journal of public health dentistry最新文献_第10页

Association between dental visits during pregnancy and setting for prenatal care 孕期牙科就诊与产前护理环境之间的关系。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12596

Divesh Byrappagari BDS, MSD, Lisa Cohn MS, Lindsay Sailor BA, Sarah Clark MPH

Objectives

Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) may be well positioned to facilitate dental visits during pregnancy for low-income women. We sought to compare receipt of dental visits during pregnancy for women who received prenatal care at an FQHC versus a non-FQHC setting.

Methods

We analyzed Michigan Medicaid administrative data for all live birth deliveries between April 2018 and December 2020. We used billing data to categorize the predominant setting for prenatal care as occurring at a FQHC or a non-FQHC and claims data to identify dental visits during pregnancy (in the 9 months prior to delivery). We employed bivariate and multivariate analyses to explore the relationship between setting for prenatal care and dental visits during pregnancy.

Results

Women who received prenatal care at an FQHC versus non-FQHC had a higher proportion of dental visits during pregnancy (31.85% vs. 19.37%, p < 0.0001). In multivariate analyses, the strongest predictors of having a dental visit during pregnancy were FQHC prenatal care setting, having a dental emergency visit, having ≥3 prenatal visits, and having Medicaid coverage throughout pregnancy. Hispanic or Black race/ethnicity and 2020 delivery year were predictors of a lower likelihood of a dental visit. These predictors were consistent for the overall population and for the subset who had no dental visits pre-pregnancy.

Conclusion

Medicaid-enrolled women who receive prenatal care at an FQHC are more likely to have a dental visit during pregnancy than their counterparts who receive prenatal care in a non-FQHC setting.

目的：联邦合格医疗中心（FQHC）在促进低收入妇女孕期牙科就诊方面可能处于有利地位。我们试图比较在联邦合格保健中心和非联邦合格保健中心接受产前保健的妇女在怀孕期间接受牙科检查的情况：我们分析了 2018 年 4 月至 2020 年 12 月期间密歇根州医疗补助计划（Medicaid）管理的所有活产分娩数据。我们利用账单数据将产前检查的主要地点分为在 FQHC 或非 FQHC 进行，并利用索赔数据确定孕期（分娩前 9 个月）的牙科就诊情况。我们采用双变量和多变量分析来探讨产前护理环境与孕期牙科就诊之间的关系：与在非 FQHC 环境中接受产前护理的妇女相比，在 FQHC 接受产前护理的医疗补助参保妇女更有可能在怀孕期间接受牙科就诊。

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引用次数: 0

Leveraging technology to increase the disseminability of evidence-based treatment of dental fear: An uncontrolled pilot study 利用技术提高以证据为基础的牙科恐惧治疗的可传播性：一项非对照试点研究。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-12-19 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12598

Richard E. Heyman PhD, Kelly A. Daly PhD, Amy M. Smith Slep PhD, Mark S. Wolff DDS, PhD

Objectives

U.S. and global estimates indicate that over 30% of adults fear receiving dental care, including over 20% who have visited a dentist in the last year, leading to avoidance and degraded oral and systemic health. Although evidence-based cognitive-behavioral treatments for dental fear (CBT-DF) exist, they have little impact on the millions who seek dental care annually because they are not disseminable (6 h of in-chair time, delivered only in person at a few sites). We developed a disseminable CBT-DF stepped-care treatment comprising (Step 1) a mobile-health application and, for those who remain fearful, (Step 2) a 1-h, one-on-one psychological treatment session that allows practice during exposure to the patient's most-feared stimuli. We hypothesized that the treatment would (a) be rated highly on usability and credibility and (b) result in clinically consequential (i.e., lowering fear into the 0–3 “no/low fear” zone) and statistically significant changes in global dental fear.

Method

Racially/ethnically diverse patients (N = 48) with moderate to severe dental fear were recruited; all completed Step 1, and n = 16 completed Step 2.

Results

As hypothesized, users found the stepped-care treatment highly usable, credible, and helpful. Critically, this stepped-care approach produced reductions in patients' dental fear that were both clinically consequential (with half no longer fearful) and statistically significant (d = 1.11).

Conclusions

This usable, credible, stepped-care approach to dental fear treatment holds promise for liberating evidence-based CBT-DF from specialty clinics, allowing broad dissemination.

目标：据美国和全球估计，超过 30% 的成年人害怕接受牙科治疗，其中超过 20% 的人在过去一年中看过牙医，这导致了他们对牙科治疗的回避以及口腔和全身健康状况的下降。虽然已有针对牙科恐惧的循证认知行为疗法（CBT-DF），但它们对每年数百万寻求牙科治疗的人影响甚微，因为它们不具有可传播性（6 个小时的椅上时间，只能在少数几个地点亲自提供）。我们开发了一种可推广的CBT-DF阶梯式护理疗法，包括（第一步）移动医疗应用程序，以及（第二步）1小时的一对一心理治疗，让患者在接触最恐惧的刺激时进行练习。我们假设该治疗方法将（a）在可用性和可信度方面得到高度评价；（b）在临床上产生效果（即将恐惧感降至 0-3 级 "无/低恐惧 "区），并在统计学上显著改变总体牙科恐惧感：方法：招募了不同种族/族裔的中度至重度牙科恐惧患者（48 人）；所有患者都完成了步骤 1，16 人完成了步骤 2：结果：正如假设的那样，使用者认为阶梯式护理疗法非常实用、可信且有帮助。重要的是，这种阶梯式护理方法减轻了患者的牙科恐惧，既有临床效果（半数患者不再恐惧），又有显著的统计学意义（d = 1.11）：结论：这种可用、可信、阶梯式的牙科恐惧治疗方法有望将循证 CBT-DF 从专科门诊中解放出来，并得到广泛传播。

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引用次数: 0

Does oral health goal setting during medical visits improve parents' oral health behaviors? 在就诊过程中设定口腔健康目标是否能改善父母的口腔健康行为？

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12597

Sneha Talla BDS, MPH, Cherith Flowerday BA, Miriam Dickinson PhD, Patricia A. Braun MD, MPH

Objectives

The Rocky Mountain Network for Oral Health (RoMoNOH) promotes the delivery of preventive oral health services (POHS) to children receiving care at community health centers (CHCs) in Arizona, Colorado, Montana, and Wyoming. One POHS is oral health goal setting (OHGS). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of OHGS during medical visits on parent/caregiver-reported oral health behaviors (OHBs).

Methods

The RoMoNOH implementation team trained CHC healthcare providers in POHS, including caries risk assessment, oral health education, fluoride varnish application, dental referrals, and parent/caregiver oral health engagement. To promote parents' oral health engagement, healthcare providers were trained in motivational interviewing (MI) with OHGS at medical visits. To evaluate the impact of MI with OHGS on parent/caregiver OHBs, a healthcare team member invited parents/caregivers to complete a baseline survey after their medical visits. The evaluation team sent a follow-up survey after 10–14 days. The surveys measured parents/caregivers' goals, confidence in goal attainment, OHBs, and sociodemographics; the follow-up survey also measured OHGS attainment. Improvement in parent/caregiver-reported OHBs was tested with a paired t-test and unadjusted and adjusted multiple linear regression.

Results

In total, 426 parents/caregivers completed the baseline survey; 184 completed both surveys. OHBs, including toothbrushing frequency, stopping bed bottles, drinking tap water, and brushing with fluoride toothpaste improved over the evaluation interval. After adjusting for covariates, brushing with fluoride toothpaste (p = 0.01), drinking tap water (p = 0.03), and removing bed bottles (p = 0.03) improved significantly.

Conclusion

MI with OHGS with parents/caregivers during medical visits has potential to improve OHBs on behalf of their children.

落基山口腔健康网络（RoMoNOH）促进向亚利桑那州、科罗拉多州、蒙大拿州和怀俄明州的社区健康中心（CHC）接受治疗的儿童提供预防性口腔健康服务（POHS）。口腔健康目标设定 (OHGS) 就是其中一项口腔健康服务。本研究旨在评估就诊期间的 OHGS 对家长/护理人员报告的口腔健康行为 (OHB) 的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Food deserts and dental care utilization in the United States 美国的食物荒漠和牙科保健使用情况

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-12-10 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12593

Alexander Testa PhD, Rahma Mungia BDS, MSc, DDPHRCS, Alexandra van den Berg MPH, PhD, Daphne C. Hernandez PhD, MSEd, FAAHB

Objectives

Although food deserts are known to impact health and healthcare utilization, no research has investigated the relationship between food deserts and dental care utilization. This study aimed to fill this gap by assessing the relationship between living in a food desert and self-reported dental care utilization in the past year.

Methods

Data are from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 10,495). The association between food deserts and dental care utilization was assessed using covariate-adjusted multiple logistic regression.

Results

Living in a food desert was associated with higher odds of not utilizing dental care in the past year. This association was concentrated among high-poverty areas (≥20% poverty rate).

Conclusions

The current study is the first to assess the relationship between living in a food desert and dental care utilization. The findings demonstrate that individuals living in low-income urban food deserts may be at increased risk for not utilizing dental care.

研究目的虽然人们知道食物沙漠会影响健康和医疗保健的利用率，但还没有研究调查过食物沙漠与牙科保健利用率之间的关系。本研究旨在通过评估过去一年中居住在食物沙漠与自我报告的牙科保健利用率之间的关系来填补这一空白。方法数据来自全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究（N = 10,495）。采用协变量调整多元逻辑回归法评估了食物沙漠与牙科保健利用率之间的关系。结果生活在食物沙漠中的人在过去一年中不使用牙科保健服务的几率较高。这种关联主要集中在高贫困率地区（贫困率≥20%）。结论目前的研究首次评估了生活在食物沙漠与牙科保健利用之间的关系。研究结果表明，生活在低收入城市食物沙漠中的人不使用牙科保健的风险可能会增加。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of dentition status and barriers to dental care services on perceived oral health of medicare beneficiaries 牙齿状况和障碍对医疗保险受益人感知口腔健康的影响。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12592

Kyeonghee Kim PhD, Marjorie A. Rosenberg PhD, FSA

Objective

To examine the association among barriers to dental care services, dentition groups, and self-reported oral health status for Medicare beneficiaries.

Methods

We used data from the 2017 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), which included participants aged ≥65 years who were enrolled in Medicare and had completed the oral health exam. We created a dentition group variable using the detailed dental examination data to account for the presence of natural, replaced, removable, or missing teeth. Through bivariate and logistic analyses, we explored the relationship between barriers to receiving dental care services, dentition groups, and reported oral and general health statuses, along with other control variables.

Results

For the total Medicare population as well as in the four subgroup analyses, we showed that those with barriers to dental care services were more likely to report fair or poor oral health status. Those who were edentulous, had complete dentures, or had less than a full mouth of teeth had greater barriers and worse oral and general health than did those with all-natural teeth. Among those who reported fair or poor general health, those with less than a full mouth of teeth showed similar levels of barriers to dental care services and worse perceived oral health than did those without any teeth.

Conclusions

Helping the 65 years and older population retain their teeth in good condition will improve their overall health. Investment in oral hygiene and health for the current and future Medicare populations could improve their overall health.

目的:研究医疗保险受益人接受牙科保健服务的障碍、牙科群体和自我报告的口腔健康状况之间的关系。方法:我们使用2017年至2018年国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)的数据，其中包括年龄≥65岁、参加医疗保险并完成口腔健康检查的参与者。我们使用详细的牙齿检查数据创建了一个牙列组变量，以说明天然牙齿、替换牙齿、可移动牙齿或缺失牙齿的存在。通过双变量和逻辑分析，我们探讨了接受牙科保健服务的障碍、牙科群体、报告的口腔和一般健康状况以及其他控制变量之间的关系。结果:对于医疗保险总人口以及四个亚组分析，我们发现那些在牙科保健服务方面有障碍的人更有可能报告口腔健康状况一般或较差。那些没有牙齿的人，戴着全口假牙的人，或者牙齿不够全的人，比那些拥有天然牙齿的人有更大的障碍，口腔和整体健康状况更差。在那些总体健康状况一般或较差的人中，那些牙齿不完整的人与没有牙齿的人相比，在接受牙科保健服务方面表现出相似的障碍，他们认为口腔健康状况更差。结论:帮助65岁及以上人群保持良好的牙齿状态，可以改善他们的整体健康状况。对当前和未来的医疗保险人群的口腔卫生和健康进行投资可以改善他们的整体健康状况。

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引用次数: 0

Australian dental practitioners experience of burnout 澳大利亚牙科从业人员的职业倦怠经验。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12594

M. S. Hopcraft BDSc, MDSc, BA, PhD, R. McGrath DipDT, DipDH, GC-INTLHL, GCertUniTeach, MPH, PhD, N. Stormon BOH, PhD, G. Tavella BPsych (Hons), PhD, G. Parker MBBS, MD, PhD, DSc

Background

The aim of this study was to investigate factors associated with burnout in Australian dental practitioners.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey of 1483 Australian dental practitioners was conducted from Oct to Dec 2021. Participants reported burnout using the Sydney Burnout Measure, and aspects of mental health including psychological distress, depression, and anxiety disorders. Predictors of burnout were explored using a generalized linear model with a stepped approach including demographic, health and risk factor variables.

Results

One in four participants were classified as likely to be experiencing burnout. Burnout was associated with working in a regional/rural location (β = 2.82, p < 0.001), an academic/non-clinical role (β = 5.01, p = 0.037), more years of experience as a dental practitioner (β = 0.08, p = 0.022), a current diagnosis of depression (β = 2.38, p = 0.049), moderate/severe psychological distress (β = 7.16, p < 0.001), poor self-rated physical health (β = 5.84, p < 0.001) and increasing alcohol consumption (β = 0.17, p = 0.020). Participants who scored high on resilience (β = −0.23, p = 0.002) or perfectionism (β = −0.24, p < 0.001) had lower burnout scores.

Conclusion

Australian dental practitioners appear to be at high risk of burnout which may impact on their health and wellbeing and ability to deliver patient care. There is a need for support services to manage burnout and education to address workplace and environmental factors that may contribute to burnout.

背景:本研究的目的是调查澳大利亚牙科医生职业倦怠的相关因素。方法:于2021年10月至12月对1483名澳大利亚牙科从业者进行横断面调查。参与者使用悉尼倦怠量表报告倦怠，以及心理健康方面的问题，包括心理困扰、抑郁和焦虑症。采用一种包括人口统计学、健康和危险因素变量的阶梯方法的广义线性模型来探讨职业倦怠的预测因素。结果:四分之一的参与者被归类为可能正在经历倦怠。倦怠与在地区/农村地区工作有关(β = 2.82, p)结论:澳大利亚牙科医生似乎处于倦怠的高风险中，这可能会影响他们的健康和福祉以及提供患者护理的能力。需要支持服务来管理职业倦怠，并需要教育来解决可能导致职业倦怠的工作场所和环境因素。

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引用次数: 0

Perceived social status, socioeconomic status, and preventive dental utilization among a low-income Medicaid adult population 低收入医疗补助成年人群的感知社会地位、社会经济地位和预防性牙科利用。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-11-15 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12588

Jennifer M. C. Sukalski PhD, MS, RDH, Natoshia M. Askelson MPH, PhD, Julie C. Reynolds DDS, MS, Peter C. Damiano DDS, MPH, Wei Shi MS, Xian Jin Xie PhD, Susan C. McKernan DMD, MS, PhD

Objectives

Perceived Social Status (PSS) is a measure of cumulative socioeconomic circumstances that takes perceived self-control into account. It is hypothesized to better capture social class compared to socioeconomic status (SES) measures (i.e., education, occupation, and income). This study examined the association between PSS and dental utilization, comparing the strength of associations between dental utilization and PSS and SES measures among a low-income adult Medicaid population.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was administered to a random sample of low-income adults in Iowa, United States with Medicaid dental insurance (N = 18,000) in the spring of 2018. Respondents were asked about PSS, dental utilization, and demographics. A set of multivariable logistic regression models examined the relative effects of PSS and SES measures on dental utilization, controlling for age, sex, health literacy, whether the respondent was aware they had dental insurance, transportation, and perceived need of dental care.

Results

The adjusted response rate was 25%, with a final sample size of 2252. Mean PSS (range 1–10) was 5.3 (SD 1.9). PSS was significantly associated with dental utilization (OR = 1.11; CI = 1.05, 1.18) when adjusting for control variables, whereas other SES measures—education, employment, and income—were not.

Conclusions

PSS demonstrated a small positive association with dental utilization. Results support the relative importance of PSS, in addition to SES measures, as PSS may capture aspects of social class that SES measures do not. Results suggest the need for future research to consider the effects of PSS on oral health outcomes and behaviors.

目的:感知社会地位(PSS)是一种累积社会经济环境的测量，将感知自我控制考虑在内。与社会经济地位(SES)衡量标准(即教育、职业和收入)相比，假设它能更好地捕捉社会阶层。本研究考察了PSS与牙科利用之间的关系，比较了低收入成年医疗补助人群中牙科利用与PSS和SES措施之间的关联强度。方法:于2018年春季随机抽取美国爱荷华州有医疗补助牙科保险的低收入成年人(N = 18,000)进行横断面调查。受访者被问及PSS，牙科利用和人口统计。一组多变量logistic回归模型检验了PSS和SES措施对牙科利用的相对影响，控制了年龄、性别、健康素养、被调查者是否知道他们有牙科保险、交通和感知到的牙科护理需求。结果:调整后的应答率为25%，最终样本量为2252。平均PSS(范围1-10)为5.3 (SD 1.9)。PSS与牙齿利用显著相关(OR = 1.11;当调整控制变量时，CI = 1.05, 1.18)，而其他SES测量-教育，就业和收入-则没有。结论:PSS与牙齿利用呈小正相关。结果支持PSS的相对重要性，除了SES测量，因为PSS可能捕捉到SES测量无法捕捉到的社会阶层方面。结果表明，未来的研究需要考虑PSS对口腔健康结果和行为的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Childhood caries is associated with poor health and a faster pace of aging by midlife 儿童龋齿与健康状况不佳和中年衰老速度加快有关。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-11-02 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12591

Begoña Ruiz PhD, Jonathan M. Broadbent PhD, W. Murray Thomson PhD, Sandhya Ramrakha PhD, Terrie E. Moffitt PhD, Avshalom Caspi PhD, Richie Poulton PhD

Objectives

Childhood caries is associated with poorer self-rated general health in adulthood, but it remains unclear whether that holds for physical health and aging. The aim of this study was to identify whether age-5 caries is associated with (a) biomarkers for poor physical health, and (b) the pace of aging (PoA) by age 45 years.

Methods

Participants are members of the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study birth cohort. At age 45, 94.1% (n = 938) of those still alive took part. Data on age-5 caries experience and age-45 health biomarkers were collected. The PoA captures age-related decline across the cardiovascular, metabolic, renal, immune, dental and pulmonary systems from age 26 to 45 years. We used (a) generalized estimating equations to examine associations between age-5 caries and poor physical health by age 45 years, and (b) ordinary least squares regression to examine whether age-5 caries was associated with the PoA. Analyses adjusted for sex, perinatal health, childhood SES and childhood IQ.

Results

High caries experience at age-5 was associated with higher risk for some metabolic abnormalities, including BMI ≥30, high waist circumference, and high serum leptin. Those with high caries experience at age-5 were aging at a faster rate by age 45 years than those who had been caries-free.

Conclusions

Oral health is essential for wellbeing. Poor oral health can be an early signal of a trajectory towards poor health in adulthood. Management for both conditions should be better-integrated; and integrated population-level prevention strategies should be foundational to any health system.

目的：儿童龋齿与成年后自我评定的总体健康状况较差有关，但尚不清楚这是否适用于身体健康和衰老。这项研究的目的是确定5岁的龋齿是否与（a）身体健康状况不佳的生物标志物和（b）45岁时的衰老速度（PoA）有关年。方法：参与者是达尼丁多学科健康与发展研究出生队列的成员。在45岁时，94.1%（n = 938人）参加了活动。收集了5岁年龄段龋齿经历和45岁年龄段健康生物标志物的数据。PoA记录了从26岁到45岁心血管、代谢、肾脏、免疫、牙齿和肺部系统与年龄相关的下降年。我们使用（a）广义估计方程来检验5岁龋齿与45岁之前身体健康状况不佳之间的关系以及（b）检验5岁年龄的龋齿是否与PoA相关的普通最小二乘回归。分析对性别、围产期健康、儿童SES和儿童IQ进行了调整。结果：5岁时的高龋齿经历与某些代谢异常的高风险相关，包括BMI≥30、高腰围和高血清瘦素。那些在5岁时有高龋齿经历的人在45岁时衰老速度更快结论：口腔健康对健康至关重要。口腔健康状况不佳可能是成年后健康状况不佳的早期信号。应对这两种情况进行更好的综合管理；人口层面的综合预防战略应该是任何卫生系统的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Oral health risk factors and overall dental treatment needs for incoming air force recruits 空军新兵口腔健康风险因素和整体牙科治疗需求。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12590

J. Brett Ryan DMD, MSD, Thayer Scott MPH, Robert McDonough MA, David Schindler DDS, MPH, Lt Col, USAF, DC, Scott P. Irwin DDS, MPH, Col, USAF, DC, Victor M. Badner DMD, MPH

Objective

To determine if relationships exist between the total dental treatment needs of incoming Air Force recruits and non-clincal demographic and oral-health related factors.

Methods

Data from the 2018 Air Force Recruit Oral Health Study (ROHS) was used, an anonymized sample of 1330 AF recruits that included a comprehensive oral exam and survey collecting demographic and oral health behavior information. The primary outcome variable was the total number of dental treatment needs for recruits, and independent predictor variables included select socio-demographic factors and wellness behaviors. Along with descriptive statistics, a multivariable negative binomial regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between variables with a normalized weight making the final results representative of all incoming recruits.

Results

The final adjusted analysis showed that an incoming recruit's self-rated oral health, dental coverage prior to enlistment, need for a dental visit within the last 12 months, sugar intake, and tobacco use increased their risk for dental treatment needs.

Conclusion

This is the first study to assess the relationship between specific risk indicators and increased dental treatment needs while adjusting other related covariates. Factors associated with dental treatment needs were identified that provide Air Force leaders with actionable information to directly improve recruit oral health and military readiness by identifying new airmen at the highest risk for excessive dental care needs while at basic military training.

目的：确定空军新兵的总牙科治疗需求与非临床人口统计学和口腔健康相关因素之间是否存在关系。方法：使用2018年空军新兵口腔健康研究（ROHS）的数据，对1330名空军新兵进行匿名抽样，包括全面的口腔检查和收集人口统计和口腔健康行为信息的调查。主要结果变量是新兵的牙科治疗需求总数，独立预测变量包括选择的社会人口因素和健康行为。除了描述性统计外，还进行了多变量负二项回归分析，以评估变量之间的关系，使最终结果代表所有新招募人员。结果：最终调整后的分析显示，新兵的自我评估口腔健康状况、入伍前的牙科覆盖率、过去12个月内的牙科就诊需求、糖摄入和烟草使用增加了他们需要牙科治疗的风险。结论：这是第一项在调整其他相关协变量的同时评估特定风险指标与牙科治疗需求增加之间关系的研究。确定了与牙科治疗需求相关的因素，这些因素为空军领导人提供了可操作的信息，通过确定在基础军事训练期间最有可能过度牙科护理需求的新飞行员，直接改善新兵的口腔健康和军事准备。

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引用次数: 0

Dental caries incidence and associated factors in young adults 年轻人的龋齿发病率及相关因素。

IF 2.3 4区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of public health dentistry

Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12586

Chukwuebuka Ogwo BDS, MIH, MSPH, PhD, Grant Brown, John Warren DDS, MS, Daniel Caplan PHD, Steven Levy DDS, MPH

Objectives

To assess the caries incidence from late adolescence to early adulthood and to identify the factors associated with caries incidence.

Methods

This is a secondary analysis of longitudinal caries data of young adults aged 17–23 from the Iowa Fluoride Study cohort. The inclusion criteria required completion of dental exams at both ages 17 and 23 and having cumulative exposure (AUC) variables data for at least 8 out of the 11 time periods between ages 17 and 23. Mean imputation was used to handle the missing explanatory variable data. Multiple linear regressions were conducted using a generalized linear model to assess the effects of sociodemographic and behavioral/dietary variables on the age 17–23 adjusted cavitated caries (D₂₊MFS) increment (AdjCI_17-23). Multicollinearity was assessed using the variance inflation factor (VIF) and the final model was selected based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) using backward selection and the net effects calculated.

Results

The mean AdjCI_17-23 was 2.08 (SD = 4.02). The net effects (main effect plus interactions) of higher composite socioeconomic status, higher combined daily fluoride intake, higher frequency of milk intake, lower amount of sugar-sweetened beverages intake, and lower age 17 dental caries counts were associated with lower mean AdjCI_17-23.

Conclusion

The incidence of caries from age 17 to 23 in this study was low. This study suggests and reinforces the need to continue to advocate for caries preventive strategies such as fluoride use, encouraging milk intake, and reducing sugar-sweetened beverage intakes.

目的：评估青少年晚期至成年早期的龋齿发病率，并确定与龋齿发病率相关的因素。方法：这是对爱荷华氟化物研究队列中17-23岁年轻人纵向龋齿数据的二次分析。纳入标准要求在17岁和23岁时完成牙科检查，并在17岁至23岁的11个时间段中至少有8个时间段的累积暴露量（AUC）变量数据。平均插补用于处理缺失的解释变量数据。使用广义线性模型进行多元线性回归，以评估社会人口统计学和行为/饮食变量对17-23岁调整后的龋齿（D2+MFS）增量的影响（AdjCI17-23）。使用方差膨胀因子（VIF）评估多共线性，并基于Akaike信息准则（AIC）使用反向选择和计算净效应来选择最终模型。结果：AdjCI17-23的平均值为2.08（SD = 4.02）。较高的综合社会经济地位、较高的每日氟化物综合摄入量、较高的牛奶摄入频率、较低的含糖饮料摄入量和较低的17岁龋齿计数的净效应（主要效应加相互作用）与较低的平均AdjCI17-23相关。结论：本研究中17至23岁的龋齿发生率较低。这项研究表明并加强了继续倡导龋齿预防策略的必要性，如使用氟化物、鼓励牛奶摄入和减少含糖饮料摄入。

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引用次数: 0