Morgan Scholtes BS, Carissa Comnick MS, Julie C. Reynolds DDS, MS, Aparna Ingleshwar BDS, MPH, Susan C. McKernan DMD, MS, PhD, Peter C. Damiano DDS, MPH
Objectives
The Dental Wellness Plan (DWP) provides dental coverage for adult Medicaid enrollees in Iowa. In September 2018, a $1000 annual benefit maximum (ABM) was implemented in the DWP program. The aim of this study was to explore private dentists' attitudes toward ABMs and factors associated with ABM attitudes.
Methods
The data source was a mailed survey administered in spring 2019 to all private practice dentists in Iowa. The two dependent variables were (1) attitude toward the $1000 ABM and (2) attitude toward any ABM generally. Independent variables included demographic and practice-related factors, and participation in and attitudes toward the DWP. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable analyses were conducted.
Results
While over half (56%) of providers reported a positive attitude toward “Any ABM,” less than half (40%) reported a positive attitude toward the “$1000 ABM.” Attitudes toward both “$1000 ABM” and “Any ABM” were significantly and positively associated with attitudes toward DWP overall and toward DWP structure. Independent variables that were significantly associated with both the “$1000 ABM” and “Any ABM” included overall attitude toward the DWP, attitude toward DWP structure, and practice busyness.
Conclusions
Utilizing an ABM, particularly one set at $1000 for a Medicaid program, elicits mixed attitudes among dentists. Future research should evaluate the impact of Medicaid ABMs on long term dentist participation and patient's ability to receive needed care.
{"title":"Dentist attitudes toward an annual benefit maximum in Iowa's adult Medicaid program","authors":"Morgan Scholtes BS, Carissa Comnick MS, Julie C. Reynolds DDS, MS, Aparna Ingleshwar BDS, MPH, Susan C. McKernan DMD, MS, PhD, Peter C. Damiano DDS, MPH","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12543","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12543","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Dental Wellness Plan (DWP) provides dental coverage for adult Medicaid enrollees in Iowa. In September 2018, a $1000 annual benefit maximum (ABM) was implemented in the DWP program. The aim of this study was to explore private dentists' attitudes toward ABMs and factors associated with ABM attitudes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The data source was a mailed survey administered in spring 2019 to all private practice dentists in Iowa. The two dependent variables were (1) attitude toward the $1000 ABM and (2) attitude toward <i>any</i> ABM generally. Independent variables included demographic and practice-related factors, and participation in and attitudes toward the DWP. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable analyses were conducted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>While over half (56%) of providers reported a positive attitude toward “Any ABM,” less than half (40%) reported a positive attitude toward the “$1000 ABM.” Attitudes toward both “$1000 ABM” and “Any ABM” were significantly and positively associated with attitudes toward DWP overall and toward DWP structure. Independent variables that were significantly associated with both the “$1000 ABM” and “Any ABM” included overall attitude toward the DWP, attitude toward DWP structure, and practice busyness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Utilizing an ABM, particularly one set at $1000 for a Medicaid program, elicits mixed attitudes among dentists. Future research should evaluate the impact of Medicaid ABMs on long term dentist participation and patient's ability to receive needed care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"83 1","pages":"26-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9209942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tumader Khouja BDS, MPH, PhD, Deborah E. Polk PhD, Katie J. Suda PharmD, MS, FCCP
Objective
To describe opioid prescribing trends among oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS).
Methods
Prescriptions by OMFS were identified from IQVIA Longitudinal Prescription Dataset, 2016–2019. OMFS-based, patient-based and population-based prescribing rates and changes in high-risk opioid prescribing were calculated annually. We used linear regression to describe trends.
Results
There were 13.9 million opioid prescriptions among 12.5 million patients (627 prescriptions/OMFS/year). Hydrocodone and oxycodone decreased by 20.9% and 39.2% (p < 0.05), while tramadol and codeine increased by 24.3% and 6.1% (p < 0.05), respectively. Opioid prescribing rates significantly decreased by 27 prescriptions/OMFS/year, 18.6 patients/OMFS/year and by 0.9 prescriptions/100,000 population/year (p < 0.05 for all). From 2016 to 2019, the proportion of opioids >3 days decreased by 54.2% (p < 0.05) and prescriptions ≥50 MME/day decreased by 66.3% (p < 0.05). Although the number of opioid prescriptions by OMFS decreased in most states, 12% of states experienced increases.
Conclusion
Opioid prescribing, especially high-risk prescribing, by OMFS has decreased. However, targeted interventions are warranted in some areas.
{"title":"Opioid prescribing by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the United States, 2016–2019","authors":"Tumader Khouja BDS, MPH, PhD, Deborah E. Polk PhD, Katie J. Suda PharmD, MS, FCCP","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12544","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12544","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe opioid prescribing trends among oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prescriptions by OMFS were identified from IQVIA Longitudinal Prescription Dataset, 2016–2019. OMFS-based, patient-based and population-based prescribing rates and changes in high-risk opioid prescribing were calculated annually. We used linear regression to describe trends.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There were 13.9 million opioid prescriptions among 12.5 million patients (627 prescriptions/OMFS/year). Hydrocodone and oxycodone decreased by 20.9% and 39.2% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while tramadol and codeine increased by 24.3% and 6.1% (<i>p</i> < 0.05), respectively. Opioid prescribing rates significantly decreased by 27 prescriptions/OMFS/year, 18.6 patients/OMFS/year and by 0.9 prescriptions/100,000 population/year (<i>p</i> < 0.05 for all). From 2016 to 2019, the proportion of opioids >3 days decreased by 54.2% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and prescriptions ≥50 MME/day decreased by 66.3% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Although the number of opioid prescriptions by OMFS decreased in most states, 12% of states experienced increases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Opioid prescribing, especially high-risk prescribing, by OMFS has decreased. However, targeted interventions are warranted in some areas.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"82 4","pages":"491-494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10156092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tim Chambers PhD, Matt Hobbs PhD, Jonathan M. Broadbent BDS, PhD, PGDipComDent
Objectives
Community water fluoridation (CWF) has proven oral health benefits. We investigated whether drinking water suppliers are meeting New Zealand CWF targets (0.7–1.0 ppm) to ensure these benefits.
Methods
We retrieved fluoride testing data from 25 supplies serving 2,059,000 people (82% of people on a fluoridated supply), for the years 1992–2022 (22,220 weekly observations). We descriptively assessed compliance with fluoride targets in this convenience sample.
Results
The mean fluoride level was 0.66 ppm (SD 0.28). Water suppliers achieved fluoride targets 54.1% of the time (range 4.2%–77.9%). Fluoride concentration fell short of the target in 42.2% of observations, exceeded but under the maximum acceptable value (MAV) in 3.6%, and in excess of the MAV in 0.1%. The percentage of compliant observations was greater in larger than smaller supplies.
Conclusions
Noncompliance with CWF targets was common. Epidemiological studies that rely on fluoridation status as their exposure may underestimate the oral health benefits of CWF. Our results highlight future challenges with the feasibility of expanding CWF under new legislation as well as the weaknesses in drinking water surveillance.
{"title":"An assessment of compliance with optimal fluoride levels for oral health benefit by New Zealand drinking water suppliers","authors":"Tim Chambers PhD, Matt Hobbs PhD, Jonathan M. Broadbent BDS, PhD, PGDipComDent","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12548","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12548","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Community water fluoridation (CWF) has proven oral health benefits. We investigated whether drinking water suppliers are meeting New Zealand CWF targets (0.7–1.0 ppm) to ensure these benefits.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrieved fluoride testing data from 25 supplies serving 2,059,000 people (82% of people on a fluoridated supply), for the years 1992–2022 (22,220 weekly observations). We descriptively assessed compliance with fluoride targets in this convenience sample.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean fluoride level was 0.66 ppm (SD 0.28). Water suppliers achieved fluoride targets 54.1% of the time (range 4.2%–77.9%). Fluoride concentration fell short of the target in 42.2<b>%</b> of observations, exceeded but under the maximum acceptable value (MAV) in 3.6%, and in excess of the MAV in 0.1%. The percentage of compliant observations was greater in larger than smaller supplies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Noncompliance with CWF targets was common. Epidemiological studies that rely on fluoridation status as their exposure may underestimate the oral health benefits of CWF. Our results highlight future challenges with the feasibility of expanding CWF under new legislation as well as the weaknesses in drinking water surveillance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"83 2","pages":"217-221"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jphd.12548","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9693926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stacey B. Griner PhD, MPH, RDH, Robert A. Yockey PhD, MS, Caylee N. Forschner BS
Objective
Health disparities persist among sexual minority (SM) adolescents (i.e., bisexual, lesbian/gay) compared to heterosexual adolescents, however, research is limited on oral health. The purpose of this study was to examine reported recency of dental visits by sexual orientation among a national sample of adolescents.
Methods
Data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (n = 12,673 adolescents, 14–18 years old) were analyzed. We assessed dental care in the past 12 months or more based on sexual orientation (“lesbian/gay,” “bisexual,” “not sure”). Adjusted, sex-stratified, multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to determine conditional associations.
Results
Bisexual boys (aRR:2.50), “not sure” boys (aRR:3.55), and “not sure” girls (aRR:2.32) were at increased relative risk for not going to the dentist compared to heterosexual adolescents.
Conclusions
Findings indicate gaps in oral healthcare access among SM adolescents, specifically bisexual and not sure youth. Results can be used to increase access to preventive dental care among SM adolescents.
{"title":"Oral healthcare visits among sexual minority adolescents ages 14–18, 2019, USA","authors":"Stacey B. Griner PhD, MPH, RDH, Robert A. Yockey PhD, MS, Caylee N. Forschner BS","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12546","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12546","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Health disparities persist among sexual minority (SM) adolescents (i.e., bisexual, lesbian/gay) compared to heterosexual adolescents, however, research is limited on oral health. The purpose of this study was to examine reported recency of dental visits by sexual orientation among a national sample of adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (<i>n</i> = 12,673 adolescents, 14–18 years old) were analyzed. We assessed dental care in the past 12 months or more based on sexual orientation (“lesbian/gay,” “bisexual,” “not sure”). Adjusted, sex-stratified, multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to determine conditional associations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bisexual boys (aRR:2.50), “not sure” boys (aRR:3.55), and “not sure” girls (aRR:2.32) were at increased relative risk for not going to the dentist compared to heterosexual adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Findings indicate gaps in oral healthcare access among SM adolescents, specifically bisexual and not sure youth. Results can be used to increase access to preventive dental care among SM adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"83 2","pages":"207-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9693928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inga Gruß PhD, Dea Papajorgji-Taylor MA, MPH, Natalia P. Tommasi MA, LPC, Daniel J. Pihlstrom DDS, Brian P. Hendrickson DMD, PC, Jana Ikeda DDS, MPH, Walter Manning DMD, Theresa Madden DDS, PhD, Jeffrey L. Fellows PhD
Objectives
Involving dental offices in routine vaccinations could have a positive impact on public health. In this study, we assessed dental providers' attitudes and perceptions regarding implementing vaccination in dental settings.
Methods
We performed semi-structured interviews with 31 dental providers (25 dentists and 6 dental hygienists) enrolled in the Western region of the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network as of June 28, 2021. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. We analyzed transcripts using deductive and inductive coding approaches.
Results
We identified three main themes that captured the perceptions of dental practitioners regarding the feasibility of implementing vaccine administration in a dental setting: (1) dental practitioners perceive contributing to the public health mission of disease prevention as having high value, (2) dental practitioners face considerable complexity when deciding whether to implement vaccine administration, and (3) dental practitioners do not understand current laws and associated reimbursement models related to vaccine administration.
Conclusions
To make vaccination commonplace in dental practices, legal changes to allow dental practitioners to administer vaccines should be followed by concrete guidance and relevant trainings to help interested dental practitioners successfully implement vaccination programs in their clinical settings.
{"title":"Dental providers' perceptions of the feasibility and acceptability of implementing vaccine administration programs in dental settings: A qualitative study","authors":"Inga Gruß PhD, Dea Papajorgji-Taylor MA, MPH, Natalia P. Tommasi MA, LPC, Daniel J. Pihlstrom DDS, Brian P. Hendrickson DMD, PC, Jana Ikeda DDS, MPH, Walter Manning DMD, Theresa Madden DDS, PhD, Jeffrey L. Fellows PhD","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12540","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12540","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Involving dental offices in routine vaccinations could have a positive impact on public health. In this study, we assessed dental providers' attitudes and perceptions regarding implementing vaccination in dental settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed semi-structured interviews with 31 dental providers (25 dentists and 6 dental hygienists) enrolled in the Western region of the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network as of June 28, 2021. Interviews were recorded and transcribed. We analyzed transcripts using deductive and inductive coding approaches.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified three main themes that captured the perceptions of dental practitioners regarding the feasibility of implementing vaccine administration in a dental setting: (1) dental practitioners perceive contributing to the public health mission of disease prevention as having high value, (2) dental practitioners face considerable complexity when deciding whether to implement vaccine administration, and (3) dental practitioners do not understand current laws and associated reimbursement models related to vaccine administration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To make vaccination commonplace in dental practices, legal changes to allow dental practitioners to administer vaccines should be followed by concrete guidance and relevant trainings to help interested dental practitioners successfully implement vaccination programs in their clinical settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"82 3","pages":"330-337"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9228420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gustavo Hermes Soares DDS, MSc, PhD, Fernanda Maria Rovai Bado DDS, MSc, PhD, Carla Fabiana Tenani DDS, MSc, PhD, Pedro Henrique Ribeiro Santiago BPsychSc, MSc, PhD, Lisa M. Jamieson DDS, MSc, PhD, Fábio Luiz Mialhe DDS, MSc, PhD
Objectives
To evaluate the replicability of oral health literacy (OHL) network models across the general community and a sample of older adults from Brazil.
Methods
Data were obtained from two oral health surveys conducted with a total of 1138 participants. OHL was measured using the short form Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD-14). A regularized partial correlation network was estimated for each sample. Dimensionality and structural stability were examined via exploratory graph analysis. Network properties compared included global strength, edge weights, and centrality estimates. Model replicability was examined fitting the general community model to the older participants' data.
Results
Six dimensions with the exact same item composition were detected in both network models. Only the Receptivity domain in the older adults sample yielded low structural stability. Strong correlations were observed between edge weights (τ: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.62–0.74) and between node strength estimates (τ: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.36–0.89). No statistically significant differences were found for global strength. The fit of the older adults sample to the HeLD-14 network structure of the general community sample was satisfactory.
Conclusion
Network models OHL replicated across the general community and a sample of older adults. The psychometric network approach is a useful tool to evaluate the measurement equivalence of OHL instruments across populations.
{"title":"A psychometric network perspective to oral health literacy: Examining the replicability of network properties across the general community and older adults from Brazil","authors":"Gustavo Hermes Soares DDS, MSc, PhD, Fernanda Maria Rovai Bado DDS, MSc, PhD, Carla Fabiana Tenani DDS, MSc, PhD, Pedro Henrique Ribeiro Santiago BPsychSc, MSc, PhD, Lisa M. Jamieson DDS, MSc, PhD, Fábio Luiz Mialhe DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12539","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12539","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the replicability of oral health literacy (OHL) network models across the general community and a sample of older adults from Brazil.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data were obtained from two oral health surveys conducted with a total of 1138 participants. OHL was measured using the short form Health Literacy in Dentistry scale (HeLD-14). A regularized partial correlation network was estimated for each sample. Dimensionality and structural stability were examined via exploratory graph analysis. Network properties compared included global strength, edge weights, and centrality estimates. Model replicability was examined fitting the general community model to the older participants' data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six dimensions with the exact same item composition were detected in both network models. Only the Receptivity domain in the older adults sample yielded low structural stability. Strong correlations were observed between edge weights (<i>τ</i>: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.62–0.74) and between node strength estimates (<i>τ</i>: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.36–0.89). No statistically significant differences were found for global strength. The fit of the older adults sample to the HeLD-14 network structure of the general community sample was satisfactory.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Network models OHL replicated across the general community and a sample of older adults. The psychometric network approach is a useful tool to evaluate the measurement equivalence of OHL instruments across populations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"82 3","pages":"321-329"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/77/c7/JPHD-82-321.PMC9545626.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40617328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Astha Shah BDS, MSc, FRCD(C), Laura Dempster BScD, MSc, PhD, Sonica Singhal BDS, MPH, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C), Carlos Quiñonez DMD, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C)
Objectives
To explore dental students' perceptions of the role of dental professionals as healthcare providers and/or businesspersons.
Methods
A cross-sectional online survey collected information from undergraduate dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto (N = 430). PPR was assessed through a visual analog scale (VAS) question, with the two ends labeled as “Healthcare Provider” (0) and “Business Person” (100), which asked respondents to point where they perceived dental professionals to be. Association of students' PPR with environmental, institutional and student-related factors was investigated using Chi-square and Spearman's correlation tests and logistic regression. Additionally, information on students' professional attitudes was gathered using: (i) the same VAS question, which asked students what they themselves aspired to be; and (ii) level of agreement with two sets of Likert-type questions highlighting healthcare provider and businessperson attitudes.
Results
The survey yielded a response rate of 51.4% (n = 221). The majority of respondents perceived dental professionals as healthcare providers and aspired to be healthcare providers themselves. Results of multivariable logistic regression suggested that perceiving dental professionals as businesspersons was significantly associated with perceiving future patients as consumers. Those who strongly agreed with healthcare provider statements had lesser odds of perceiving dental professionals as businesspersons.
Conclusion
In this sample of students, perceptions of professionalism appear to be congruent with the normative role of dental professionals as healthcare providers. Dental education should prepare graduates who strongly identify with this role even in the presence of dental care market pressures.
{"title":"How do dental students perceive the role of dental professionals?","authors":"Astha Shah BDS, MSc, FRCD(C), Laura Dempster BScD, MSc, PhD, Sonica Singhal BDS, MPH, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C), Carlos Quiñonez DMD, MSc, PhD, FRCD(C)","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12537","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12537","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To explore dental students' perceptions of the role of dental professionals as healthcare providers and/or businesspersons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional online survey collected information from undergraduate dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto (N = 430). PPR was assessed through a visual analog scale (VAS) question, with the two ends labeled as “Healthcare Provider” (0) and “Business Person” (100), which asked respondents to point where they perceived dental professionals to be. Association of students' PPR with environmental, institutional and student-related factors was investigated using Chi-square and Spearman's correlation tests and logistic regression. Additionally, information on students' professional attitudes was gathered using: (i) the same VAS question, which asked students what they themselves aspired to be; and (ii) level of agreement with two sets of Likert-type questions highlighting healthcare provider and businessperson attitudes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The survey yielded a response rate of 51.4% (n = 221). The majority of respondents perceived dental professionals as healthcare providers and aspired to be healthcare providers themselves. Results of multivariable logistic regression suggested that perceiving dental professionals as businesspersons was significantly associated with perceiving future patients as consumers. Those who strongly agreed with healthcare provider statements had lesser odds of perceiving dental professionals as businesspersons.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this sample of students, perceptions of professionalism appear to be congruent with the normative role of dental professionals as healthcare providers. Dental education should prepare graduates who strongly identify with this role even in the presence of dental care market pressures.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"82 3","pages":"303-312"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40478049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahrukh Zafar BDS, MS, Steven M. Levy DDS, MPH, John J. Warren DDS, MS, Xian Jin Xie PhD, Justine Kolker DDS, MS, PhD, Chandler Pendleton MS
Objectives
Some non-cavitated caries lesions (D1), the initial stage of caries, progress to cavitation. This article reports participant-level and surface-level D1 prevalence and changes in status of D1 lesions through different periods from age 9 to 23.
Methods
The Iowa Fluoride Study (IFS) participants were followed longitudinally; all permanent tooth surfaces were examined clinically for caries at ages 9, 13, 17, and 23 using standardized criteria for sound (S), questionable (D0), non-cavitated (D1), cavitated (D2+), filled (F), or missing due to decay (M). D1 lesions at the beginning of each interval were reassessed at each follow-up age to determine transitions (to the 5 categories or no transition).
Results
The sample had relatively high socioeconomic status (SES), with about 52%–55% high SES, 32–35% middle SES, and 12–13% low SES. Person-level prevalences of D1 lesions were 23%, 38%, 60%, and 45% at ages 9, 13, 17, and 23, respectively. Surface-level prevalences were less than 1% at ages 9 and 13, 3% at 17, and 2% at 23. Thirteen percent of D1s at age 9 progressed at 13, 18% progressed from 13 to 17, and 11% progressed from 17 to 23. The percentages regressing (to sound or D0) were 72%, 54%, and 72%, respectively.
Conclusion
Non-cavitated lesions were more prevalent at age 17 than at ages 9, 13, and 23. The high rates of regression compared to progression or no change suggest that many non-cavitated lesions do not progress to cavitated lesions and could be reversed; therefore, surgical intervention should not be the treatment of choice for incipient lesions.
{"title":"Prevalence of non-cavitated lesions and progression, regression, and no change from age 9 to 23 years","authors":"Mahrukh Zafar BDS, MS, Steven M. Levy DDS, MPH, John J. Warren DDS, MS, Xian Jin Xie PhD, Justine Kolker DDS, MS, PhD, Chandler Pendleton MS","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12538","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12538","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Some non-cavitated caries lesions (D<sub>1</sub>), the initial stage of caries, progress to cavitation. This article reports participant-level and surface-level D<sub>1</sub> prevalence and changes in status of D<sub>1</sub> lesions through different periods from age 9 to 23.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The Iowa Fluoride Study (IFS) participants were followed longitudinally; all permanent tooth surfaces were examined clinically for caries at ages 9, 13, 17, and 23 using standardized criteria for sound (S), questionable (D<sub>0</sub>), non-cavitated (D<sub>1</sub>), cavitated (D<sub>2+</sub>), filled (F), or missing due to decay (M). D<sub>1</sub> lesions at the beginning of each interval were reassessed at each follow-up age to determine transitions (to the 5 categories or no transition).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample had relatively high socioeconomic status (SES), with about 52%–55% high SES, 32–35% middle SES, and 12–13% low SES. Person-level prevalences of D<sub>1</sub> lesions were 23%, 38%, 60%, and 45% at ages 9, 13, 17, and 23, respectively. Surface-level prevalences were less than 1% at ages 9 and 13, 3% at 17, and 2% at 23. Thirteen percent of D<sub>1</sub>s at age 9 progressed at 13, 18% progressed from 13 to 17, and 11% progressed from 17 to 23. The percentages regressing (to sound or D<sub>0</sub>) were 72%, 54%, and 72%, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-cavitated lesions were more prevalent at age 17 than at ages 9, 13, and 23. The high rates of regression compared to progression or no change suggest that many non-cavitated lesions do not progress to cavitated lesions and could be reversed; therefore, surgical intervention should not be the treatment of choice for incipient lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"82 3","pages":"313-320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/31/3e/JPHD-82-313.PMC9544189.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40578662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tera Poole DDS, Matthew Jura MS, PhD, George Taylor DMD, MPH, DrPH, Paul Gates DDS, MBA, Elizabeth Mertz MA, PhD
Objective
There is a lack of diversity in the dental workforce. Efforts to enhance underrepresented minority (URM) recruitment and retention within dental school exist, but little effort has been made to track URM providers through education and practice. This study assesses the status of workforce diversity in the dental specialties and the predictors of URM dentist specialization.
Methods
The primary data used were a 2012 national sample survey of Hispanic/Latino (H/L), Black, or American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) dentists in the US, supplemented by publicly available workforce data. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to describe the demographic composition of URM clinical general and specialist dentists and analyze changes in proportions of URMs specializing among age cohorts, differences in specific type of specialization, and racial concordance between specialists and their patients.
Results
The pathway continues to winnow with fewer URM dentists in specialty practice. Among all URM clinical dentists being first in his/her family to obtain a college degree, having a strong desire to work in his/her own cultural community or joining a loan repayment program due to debt load independently predicted lower odds of specialization. Alternatively, being initially foreign trained as a dentist and valuing professional training were independently predictive of higher odds of specialization.
Conclusion
The lack of diversity within the dental specialties is a critical flaw in our education and care delivery systems demanding clear actions toward improving the pathway into residency programs for URM students.
{"title":"Slipping through the cracks: Just how underrepresented are minorities within the dental specialties?","authors":"Tera Poole DDS, Matthew Jura MS, PhD, George Taylor DMD, MPH, DrPH, Paul Gates DDS, MBA, Elizabeth Mertz MA, PhD","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12520","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12520","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a lack of diversity in the dental workforce. Efforts to enhance underrepresented minority (URM) recruitment and retention within dental school exist, but little effort has been made to track URM providers through education and practice. This study assesses the status of workforce diversity in the dental specialties and the predictors of URM dentist specialization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The primary data used were a 2012 national sample survey of Hispanic/Latino (H/L), Black, or American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) dentists in the US, supplemented by publicly available workforce data. Descriptive and multivariate statistical analyses were performed to describe the demographic composition of URM clinical general and specialist dentists and analyze changes in proportions of URMs specializing among age cohorts, differences in specific type of specialization, and racial concordance between specialists and their patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The pathway continues to winnow with fewer URM dentists in specialty practice. Among all URM clinical dentists being first in his/her family to obtain a college degree, having a strong desire to work in his/her own cultural community or joining a loan repayment program due to debt load independently predicted lower odds of specialization. Alternatively, being initially foreign trained as a dentist and valuing professional training were independently predictive of higher odds of specialization.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The lack of diversity within the dental specialties is a critical flaw in our education and care delivery systems demanding clear actions toward improving the pathway into residency programs for URM students.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"82 S1","pages":"53-62"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/fd/3b/JPHD-82-53.PMC9545059.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40121902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eleanor Fleming PhD, DDS, MPH, Julie Reynolds DDS, MS, Frances Kim DDS, MPH, DrPH, John Warren DDS, MS
<p>The global history of racial discrimination and oppression influences the racial inequities that are evident today. The protests after the murder of George Floyd raised the public consciousness about systemic racism, which was further amplified by the evident inequities caused by the pandemic, and highlighted the intersection of poverty, social and racial injustices, and health.</p><p>Many cities, states, and organizations across the United States have declared that racism is a public health crisis. As dental public health professionals, we have seen decades of scientific evidence showing the degree and persistence of racial inequities in oral health access, outcomes, and workforce diversity. However, evidence in scientific research and public health practice that explores and/or addresses the root causes of these inequities – namely, racism – have been scarce. This special issue aims to elevate the voices of scholars, public health professionals, and organizations that have been doing the work of anti-racism in dental public health in order to inspire and highlight opportunities for further action within our field.</p><p>To be clear, the root causes of racial inequities are individual and systemic racism. And to make progress on reducing racial inequities, we as a dental public health community need to be actively engaged in anti-racism work. It is the hope of the authors and editors that after reading the special issue, readers will be inspired to reflect on their work with an eye toward opportunities for anti-racist action, and to gain a deeper commitment to equity. As practitioners and those committed to oral health, we must center anti-racism in our work – to deliver care, train students and residents, improve population-level health, conduct the best scientific research, and advocate and implement effective policies – if we are to live up to the ideals of equity and justice.</p><p>Following a call to action by AAPHD [<span>2</span>], this special issue advances knowledge on anti-racism and oral health, and demonstrates numerous anti-racist approaches in the areas of scientific research, education, practice, and policy. Topics include new scholarship and guidance on anti-racist methodological approaches in research, perspectives and scholarship on anti-racism in dental public health education and workforce, and examples of anti-racist programs and advocacy activities. Many historically underrepresented racial and ethnic minority populations are represented in this special issue, not as populations of study but as scholars, advocates, authors, contributors, and reviewers.</p><p>With intention, the special issue was curated to explore, with as many diverse voices as possible and from a holistic perspective, how the discipline can be anti-racist not just in its words but in its works. This issue also highlights the activities of various organizations that are engaging in anti-racist practices, including the American Dental Education Associa
{"title":"From a call to action to taking action: Exploring the science, education, practice, and policy implications of dental public health as an antiracist discipline","authors":"Eleanor Fleming PhD, DDS, MPH, Julie Reynolds DDS, MS, Frances Kim DDS, MPH, DrPH, John Warren DDS, MS","doi":"10.1111/jphd.12527","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jphd.12527","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global history of racial discrimination and oppression influences the racial inequities that are evident today. The protests after the murder of George Floyd raised the public consciousness about systemic racism, which was further amplified by the evident inequities caused by the pandemic, and highlighted the intersection of poverty, social and racial injustices, and health.</p><p>Many cities, states, and organizations across the United States have declared that racism is a public health crisis. As dental public health professionals, we have seen decades of scientific evidence showing the degree and persistence of racial inequities in oral health access, outcomes, and workforce diversity. However, evidence in scientific research and public health practice that explores and/or addresses the root causes of these inequities – namely, racism – have been scarce. This special issue aims to elevate the voices of scholars, public health professionals, and organizations that have been doing the work of anti-racism in dental public health in order to inspire and highlight opportunities for further action within our field.</p><p>To be clear, the root causes of racial inequities are individual and systemic racism. And to make progress on reducing racial inequities, we as a dental public health community need to be actively engaged in anti-racism work. It is the hope of the authors and editors that after reading the special issue, readers will be inspired to reflect on their work with an eye toward opportunities for anti-racist action, and to gain a deeper commitment to equity. As practitioners and those committed to oral health, we must center anti-racism in our work – to deliver care, train students and residents, improve population-level health, conduct the best scientific research, and advocate and implement effective policies – if we are to live up to the ideals of equity and justice.</p><p>Following a call to action by AAPHD [<span>2</span>], this special issue advances knowledge on anti-racism and oral health, and demonstrates numerous anti-racist approaches in the areas of scientific research, education, practice, and policy. Topics include new scholarship and guidance on anti-racist methodological approaches in research, perspectives and scholarship on anti-racism in dental public health education and workforce, and examples of anti-racist programs and advocacy activities. Many historically underrepresented racial and ethnic minority populations are represented in this special issue, not as populations of study but as scholars, advocates, authors, contributors, and reviewers.</p><p>With intention, the special issue was curated to explore, with as many diverse voices as possible and from a holistic perspective, how the discipline can be anti-racist not just in its words but in its works. This issue also highlights the activities of various organizations that are engaging in anti-racist practices, including the American Dental Education Associa","PeriodicalId":16913,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health dentistry","volume":"82 S1","pages":"5-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/b1/df/JPHD-82-5.PMC9544916.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40122468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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