Leeli Amon, Jeannine-Marie St-Jacques, Ekaterina Ershova, Kathryn E. Hargan, Charlotte Mary Cotter Whyte, Dirk Sachse, Oliver Rach, Matthew C. Peros
A multiproxy study of a sediment sequence from a Québec peatbog characterises the rapid and significant environmental responses to changing climatic conditions from the deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet to the early Holocene period. Scotstown Bog (45°30'45.0“N, 71°11'42.0“W) is an ombrotrophic peatland on the edge of the Appalachian Uplands in southern Québec, Canada. We reconstructed its Late-glacial and early Holocene palaeoenvironments for 14 000–6 000 cal a bp using palaeobotanical (plant macrofossil, macrocharcoal, pollen analyses), faunal (chironomid analysis), sedimentological (grain-size analysis, sediment organic content), and geochemical (sedimentary n-alkanes and hydrogen isotope analyses) methods. We targeted our multiproxy reconstruction on the Late-glacial period, which provides an example of how biota can respond to profound changes in climatic and environmental conditions. A major transition occurred between 13 000 and 12 900 cal a bp, which is recorded in all palaeoecological proxies. Our reconstruction reveals two major environmental changes at this time. First, the Scotstown basin became isolated from a larger proglacial lake, as shown by sedimentological changes, sediment grain size and chironomid assemblage shift. Second, plant macrofossils and pollen influx show contemporaneous major shifts in the vegetation composition from tundra to tree-line to closed-canopy forested communities.
一项对qusamubec泥炭沼沉积物序列的多代理研究表明，从劳伦泰德冰盖的冰川消退到全新世早期，环境对气候条件变化的快速而显著的响应。Scotstown Bog（北纬45°30′45.0”，西经71°11′42.0”）是位于加拿大魁省南部阿巴拉契亚高地边缘的一个共生泥炭地。利用古植物学（植物大化石、大木炭、花粉分析）、动物学（手摇虫分析）、沉积学（粒度分析、沉积物有机质含量）和地球化学（沉积正构烷烃和氢同位素分析）等方法，重建了14000 - 6000cal a bp的晚冰期和全新世早期古环境。我们针对晚冰期进行了多代理重建，这为生物群如何响应气候和环境条件的深刻变化提供了一个例子。所有古生态代用物均记录了13000 ~ 12900 cal A bp之间的重大转变。我们的重建揭示了当时两大环境变化。首先，从沉积学变化、沉积物粒度和chironomid组合变化来看，Scotstown盆地从一个更大的前冰湖中分离出来。其次，植物大化石和花粉流显示了同期植被组成从冻土带到林木线再到封闭林冠森林群落的重大转变。
{"title":"From deglaciation to the Early Holocene in the northern Appalachians: A multiproxy palaeoenvironmental record from Scotstown Bog, Québec, Canada","authors":"Leeli Amon, Jeannine-Marie St-Jacques, Ekaterina Ershova, Kathryn E. Hargan, Charlotte Mary Cotter Whyte, Dirk Sachse, Oliver Rach, Matthew C. Peros","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3685","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A multiproxy study of a sediment sequence from a Québec peatbog characterises the rapid and significant environmental responses to changing climatic conditions from the deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet to the early Holocene period. Scotstown Bog (45°30'45.0“N, 71°11'42.0“W) is an ombrotrophic peatland on the edge of the Appalachian Uplands in southern Québec, Canada. We reconstructed its Late-glacial and early Holocene palaeoenvironments for 14 000–6 000 cal a <span>bp</span> using palaeobotanical (plant macrofossil, macrocharcoal, pollen analyses), faunal (chironomid analysis), sedimentological (grain-size analysis, sediment organic content), and geochemical (sedimentary <i>n</i>-alkanes and hydrogen isotope analyses) methods. We targeted our multiproxy reconstruction on the Late-glacial period, which provides an example of how biota can respond to profound changes in climatic and environmental conditions. A major transition occurred between 13 000 and 12 900 cal a \u0000<span>bp</span>, which is recorded in all palaeoecological proxies. Our reconstruction reveals two major environmental changes at this time. First, the Scotstown basin became isolated from a larger proglacial lake, as shown by sedimentological changes, sediment grain size and chironomid assemblage shift. Second, plant macrofossils and pollen influx show contemporaneous major shifts in the vegetation composition from tundra to tree-line to closed-canopy forested communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"213-228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan C. Marshall, John Tibby, Patrick Moss, Hailey Martin, Allen Gontz, Annie Lau, Geraldine E. Jacobsen, Haidee Cadd, Patricia S. Gadd, Peter Negus, GLENN B. Mcgregor, Harald Hofmann, Cameron Schulz, Cameron Barr, Sabika Maizma, Mike Hotchkis, Nicole Cloutier
This research documents the paleoenvironmental evolution of Eighteen Mile Swamp on North Stradbroke Island (Minjerribah), Australia, from oscillating coastal lagoon into stable freshwater swamp over the last ca. 1600 years. We analyzed multiple sediment cores via physical description, acid sulfate soil assays, particle size analysis, diatom and pollen assemblages, photosynthetic pigment content, and Itrax XRF spectrometry, alongside ground-penetrating radar cross-sections. This provided a detailed ecological, geochemical and chronological framework, derived from radiocarbon, Pu and 210Pb dating, for the wetland's evolution. Results indicate spatial complexity in the timing of a pronounced shift in sedimentary conditions between ca. 300 and 1000 years ago, from estuarine mud to freshwater peat, marked by abrupt chemical and ecological changes. Unexpectedly, there were at least three and potentially many periods of dominant freshwater influence within the primarily estuarine phase, suggesting episodic estuarine closure and freshening by groundwater influx. Results provide critical insights into the complex response of subtropical wetland systems to environmental change, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in understanding both sedimentologic and geomorphic responses in coastal wetlands, and their potential vulnerability to future climate change. The study of Eighteen Mile Swamp is significant as it provides a detailed paleoenvironmental reconstruction that documents the wetland's evolving nature over the past two millennia. This research highlights the importance of understanding historical responses of wetlands to environmental changes, which helps inform their current and future management, conservation and restoration efforts, particularly in the context of climate change and human impacts. This study also serves as a tribute to the late Lynda Petherick, acknowledging her contributions in this field.
{"title":"High-resolution analysis of sediments from Eighteen Mile Swamp (eastern Australia) records its transition from a fluctuating coastal lagoon to stable freshwater swamp","authors":"Jonathan C. Marshall, John Tibby, Patrick Moss, Hailey Martin, Allen Gontz, Annie Lau, Geraldine E. Jacobsen, Haidee Cadd, Patricia S. Gadd, Peter Negus, GLENN B. Mcgregor, Harald Hofmann, Cameron Schulz, Cameron Barr, Sabika Maizma, Mike Hotchkis, Nicole Cloutier","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3677","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research documents the paleoenvironmental evolution of Eighteen Mile Swamp on North Stradbroke Island (Minjerribah), Australia, from oscillating coastal lagoon into stable freshwater swamp over the last ca. 1600 years. We analyzed multiple sediment cores via physical description, acid sulfate soil assays, particle size analysis, diatom and pollen assemblages, photosynthetic pigment content, and Itrax XRF spectrometry, alongside ground-penetrating radar cross-sections. This provided a detailed ecological, geochemical and chronological framework, derived from radiocarbon, Pu and <sup>210</sup>Pb dating, for the wetland's evolution. Results indicate spatial complexity in the timing of a pronounced shift in sedimentary conditions between ca. 300 and 1000 years ago, from estuarine mud to freshwater peat, marked by abrupt chemical and ecological changes. Unexpectedly, there were at least three and potentially many periods of dominant freshwater influence within the primarily estuarine phase, suggesting episodic estuarine closure and freshening by groundwater influx. Results provide critical insights into the complex response of subtropical wetland systems to environmental change, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in understanding both sedimentologic and geomorphic responses in coastal wetlands, and their potential vulnerability to future climate change. The study of Eighteen Mile Swamp is significant as it provides a detailed paleoenvironmental reconstruction that documents the wetland's evolving nature over the past two millennia. This research highlights the importance of understanding historical responses of wetlands to environmental changes, which helps inform their current and future management, conservation and restoration efforts, particularly in the context of climate change and human impacts. This study also serves as a tribute to the late Lynda Petherick, acknowledging her contributions in this field.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 4","pages":"684-710"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143945005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding soil erosion, its history and links to potential drivers such as land use (particularly agriculture and deforestation), different cultural perspectives and climate change are crucial for the development of effective management and conservation strategies. Here, we explore soil erosion in two lake basins, Pátzcuaro and Zirahuen, in the highlands of Michoacán, Mexico, weaving together scientific enquiry (including lake sediment studies and monitoring data) and cultural–historical perspectives based on documentary sources. Both lake basins are within the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt, lying at >2000 m a.s.l. Pátzcuaro is large, but shallow, while Zirahuen is smaller, but deep. Archaeological evidence for long-term human occupation is clearer for Pátzcuaro. Pátzcuaro is known for severe degradation of both the catchment and the lake, while Zirahuen has, until recently, been regarded as less disturbed. The relative impacts of pre-Hispanic and post-Hispanic practices have been the subject of debates across the disciplines and have impacted approaches to conservation, particularly attitudes to indigenous land use practices. Palaeoenvironmental records highlight human impact on these basins, often expressed as periods of accelerated erosion in response to forest clearance, over at least 3500 years. This shows that neither can be regarded as pristine and were not pristine at the time of the Conquest. As well as responding to varying intensities of land use, often linked to population change, erosion relates to climate, but is also affected by cultural and socio-economic contexts and discourses. Historical documents show that concerns about deforestation and erosion have influenced the development of forest conservation policies, in the context of government reforms, tensions between agricultural expansion and forest conservation, and the growth of scientific research in limnology. These policies have also been shaped by changing cultural discourses regarding indigenous land management practices. The value of taking an holistic approach to understanding erosion is emphasized.
{"title":"Exploring soil erosion in the lake basins of Michoacán, Mexico: From sediment cores to conservation policies","authors":"Jahzeel Aguilera Lara, SARAH E. Metcalfe","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3676","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding soil erosion, its history and links to potential drivers such as land use (particularly agriculture and deforestation), different cultural perspectives and climate change are crucial for the development of effective management and conservation strategies. Here, we explore soil erosion in two lake basins, Pátzcuaro and Zirahuen, in the highlands of Michoacán, Mexico, weaving together scientific enquiry (including lake sediment studies and monitoring data) and cultural–historical perspectives based on documentary sources. Both lake basins are within the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt, lying at >2000 m a.s.l. Pátzcuaro is large, but shallow, while Zirahuen is smaller, but deep. Archaeological evidence for long-term human occupation is clearer for Pátzcuaro. Pátzcuaro is known for severe degradation of both the catchment and the lake, while Zirahuen has, until recently, been regarded as less disturbed. The relative impacts of pre-Hispanic and post-Hispanic practices have been the subject of debates across the disciplines and have impacted approaches to conservation, particularly attitudes to indigenous land use practices. Palaeoenvironmental records highlight human impact on these basins, often expressed as periods of accelerated erosion in response to forest clearance, over at least 3500 years. This shows that neither can be regarded as pristine and were not pristine at the time of the Conquest. As well as responding to varying intensities of land use, often linked to population change, erosion relates to climate, but is also affected by cultural and socio-economic contexts and discourses. Historical documents show that concerns about deforestation and erosion have influenced the development of forest conservation policies, in the context of government reforms, tensions between agricultural expansion and forest conservation, and the growth of scientific research in limnology. These policies have also been shaped by changing cultural discourses regarding indigenous land management practices. The value of taking an holistic approach to understanding erosion is emphasized.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 4","pages":"671-683"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3676","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suzanne McGowan, Jack H. Lacey, Stefan Engels, John Boyle, Charlotte Briddon, Melanie J. Leng, Heather L. Moorhouse, Virginia Panizzo, Muhammad Shafiq
<p>Water bodies located in floodplains and tropical forests are known to be important carbon stores, but many are subjected to intensive pressures from damming, land use and climate changes. Sedimentary records preserve long-term archives for understanding how such changes affect the quantity and quality of carbon stores. We analysed sediment cores from seven sites across a flood-pulse multi-basin wetland, Tasik Chini in Peninsular Malaysia (for percentage LOI<sub>550</sub>, sediment density and spheroidal carbonaceous particles), and conducted more analyses on three <sup>210</sup>Pb-dated cores (X-ray fluorescence of elements, grain size analysis, carbon isotopes, C/N ratios, carotenoid pigments) to gain an understanding of the drivers of organic carbon accumulation rates (OCARs) since 1860 <span>ce.</span> The median OCAR of 85 g m<sup>−2</sup> a<sup>−1</sup> for the basin since 1945 <span>ce</span> was higher than in other floodplain and temperate lakes and in line with other tropical forest lakes. However, we found evidence for different mechanisms of OC deposition across the basin. In ‘autochthonous mode’, the site with minimal local land disturbance had lowest OCARs and OC was derived mainly from autochthonous production, which rose slightly around 1940 <span>ce</span> when regional land disturbance increased nutrient influx to the basin. The site with the most long-term and intensive land disturbance through forest removal (1940s) and then conversion to rubber and oil palm farming (1980s) functioned mainly in ‘allochthonous mode’; that is, increases in OCARs after 1940 <span>ce</span> were driven by deposition of soil-derived OC. The highest OCARs were in the basin that was converted to oil palm after the 1980s and had increased iron mining activity in the 2000s; because this site was located distal from the flood pulse and became increasingly hydrologically disconnected after a low rainfall period in the 1970s, the lake responded strongly in ‘autochthonous mode’, through encroachment of fringing swamp, the spread of benthic algae and macrophytes, and efficient sediment retention. Weir installation in 1995 <span>ce</span> raised water levels and increased lentic conditions, promoting autochthonous OC production and sedimentation across all basins. The long-term fate of this more recently deposited OC remains uncertain because it is more labile. Overall Tasik Chini has responded strongly to land use changes since at least the 1940s, earlier than anticipated in this region of Southeast Asia, and the sedimentary proxies indicate large changes in the ecosystem function and capacity for C storage over the past ca. 80 years. Most of these shifts have increased OC accumulation by strengthening autochthonous production or allochthonous OC fluxes, but the implications for other aspects of the C cycle, including catchment soil C loss and greenhouse gas production, need to be accounted for when evaluating the overall impacts of land and hydrolog
位于洪泛区和热带森林的水体被认为是重要的碳储存库，但许多水体受到来自筑坝、土地利用和气候变化的巨大压力。沉积记录保存了长期档案，有助于了解这些变化如何影响碳储量的数量和质量。我们分析了马来西亚半岛Tasik Chini洪水脉冲多流域湿地的7个地点的沉积物岩心（LOI550百分比，沉积物密度和球形碳质颗粒），并对三个210pb年代的岩心进行了更多分析（元素的x射线荧光，粒度分析，碳同位素，C/N比率，类胡萝卜素色素），以了解自1860年以来有机碳积累速率（OCARs）的驱动因素。流域自1945年以来的OCAR中值为85 g m−2 a−1，高于其他河漫滩和温带湖泊，与其他热带森林湖泊基本一致。然而，我们在整个盆地中发现了不同OC沉积机制的证据。在“原生模式”下，局地扰动最小的样地OCARs最低，OC主要来源于局地生产，在1940年前后，局地扰动增加了向盆地的养分流入，OCARs略有上升。由于森林砍伐（20世纪40年代）和随后转变为橡胶和油棕种植（20世纪80年代）而遭受最长期和最严重土地干扰的场地主要以“异域模式”运作；也就是说，1940年以后OCARs的增加是由土壤来源的OC沉积驱动的。ocar最高的是在20世纪80年代后转为油棕的盆地，并且在21世纪初增加了铁开采活动；由于该地点位于远离洪水脉冲的地方，并且在20世纪70年代的低降雨期之后，水文上变得越来越脱节，因此湖泊通过边缘沼泽的侵蚀、底栖藻类和大型植物的传播以及有效的沉积物保留，以“原生模式”做出强烈反应。1995年安装的堰提高了水位，增加了生态条件，促进了所有盆地的原生OC生产和沉积。这种最近沉积的有机碳的长期命运仍然不确定，因为它更不稳定。总体而言，至少从20世纪40年代开始，中国大陆就对土地利用变化做出了强烈的响应，比东南亚地区的预期要早。沉积代用物表明，在过去约80年里，生态系统功能和碳储存能力发生了巨大变化。大多数这些变化通过加强本地生产或外来OC通量而增加了OC积累，但在评估土地和水文破坏的总体影响时，需要考虑对C循环其他方面的影响，包括流域土壤C损失和温室气体产生。
{"title":"Land use, hydroclimate and damming influence organic carbon sedimentation in a flood pulse wetland, Malaysia","authors":"Suzanne McGowan, Jack H. Lacey, Stefan Engels, John Boyle, Charlotte Briddon, Melanie J. Leng, Heather L. Moorhouse, Virginia Panizzo, Muhammad Shafiq","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3672","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Water bodies located in floodplains and tropical forests are known to be important carbon stores, but many are subjected to intensive pressures from damming, land use and climate changes. Sedimentary records preserve long-term archives for understanding how such changes affect the quantity and quality of carbon stores. We analysed sediment cores from seven sites across a flood-pulse multi-basin wetland, Tasik Chini in Peninsular Malaysia (for percentage LOI<sub>550</sub>, sediment density and spheroidal carbonaceous particles), and conducted more analyses on three <sup>210</sup>Pb-dated cores (X-ray fluorescence of elements, grain size analysis, carbon isotopes, C/N ratios, carotenoid pigments) to gain an understanding of the drivers of organic carbon accumulation rates (OCARs) since 1860 \u0000<span>ce.</span> The median OCAR of 85 g m<sup>−2</sup> a<sup>−1</sup> for the basin since 1945 \u0000<span>ce</span> was higher than in other floodplain and temperate lakes and in line with other tropical forest lakes. However, we found evidence for different mechanisms of OC deposition across the basin. In ‘autochthonous mode’, the site with minimal local land disturbance had lowest OCARs and OC was derived mainly from autochthonous production, which rose slightly around 1940 \u0000<span>ce</span> when regional land disturbance increased nutrient influx to the basin. The site with the most long-term and intensive land disturbance through forest removal (1940s) and then conversion to rubber and oil palm farming (1980s) functioned mainly in ‘allochthonous mode’; that is, increases in OCARs after 1940 \u0000<span>ce</span> were driven by deposition of soil-derived OC. The highest OCARs were in the basin that was converted to oil palm after the 1980s and had increased iron mining activity in the 2000s; because this site was located distal from the flood pulse and became increasingly hydrologically disconnected after a low rainfall period in the 1970s, the lake responded strongly in ‘autochthonous mode’, through encroachment of fringing swamp, the spread of benthic algae and macrophytes, and efficient sediment retention. Weir installation in 1995 \u0000<span>ce</span> raised water levels and increased lentic conditions, promoting autochthonous OC production and sedimentation across all basins. The long-term fate of this more recently deposited OC remains uncertain because it is more labile. Overall Tasik Chini has responded strongly to land use changes since at least the 1940s, earlier than anticipated in this region of Southeast Asia, and the sedimentary proxies indicate large changes in the ecosystem function and capacity for C storage over the past ca. 80 years. Most of these shifts have increased OC accumulation by strengthening autochthonous production or allochthonous OC fluxes, but the implications for other aspects of the C cycle, including catchment soil C loss and greenhouse gas production, need to be accounted for when evaluating the overall impacts of land and hydrolog","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 4","pages":"657-670"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3672","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143944978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flavia Marinelli, Stella Nunziante-Cesaro, Ran Barkai, Cristina Lemorini
There is currently substantial debate over the use of prehension or hafting of tools by hominins. Many studies have been carried out to understand the prehension and hafting of hominin tools through experiments and through study of the anatomy and muscle system of both non-human primates and humans. This paper discusses the results of the analyses of macro-traces and micro-residues of prehension found on small flakes from the late Acheulean sites of Revadim (Israel), Jaljulia (Israel) and Fontana Ranuccio (Italy). Small flakes are ubiquitous in many Late Lower Palaeolithic sites where they were used for various activities, including butchering. Their reduced size leads us to consider how they were handled and if solutions including hafting techniques were adopted. In this paper, the experimental protocol adopted, and the results obtained from macro-traces and micro-residues allowed us to develop hypotheses regarding free-hand gripping of the small flakes by hominins at Revadim, Jaljulia and Fontana Ranuccio and the role that strength and pressure played in ensuring a good grip to enable the optimal use of these tools.
{"title":"Lower Palaeolithic small flake prehension: Use-wear and residue analyses reveal hominin grasping potential at late Acheulean sites in Israel and Italy","authors":"Flavia Marinelli, Stella Nunziante-Cesaro, Ran Barkai, Cristina Lemorini","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3683","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is currently substantial debate over the use of prehension or hafting of tools by hominins. Many studies have been carried out to understand the prehension and hafting of hominin tools through experiments and through study of the anatomy and muscle system of both non-human primates and humans. This paper discusses the results of the analyses of macro-traces and micro-residues of prehension found on small flakes from the late Acheulean sites of Revadim (Israel), Jaljulia (Israel) and Fontana Ranuccio (Italy). Small flakes are ubiquitous in many Late Lower Palaeolithic sites where they were used for various activities, including butchering. Their reduced size leads us to consider how they were handled and if solutions including hafting techniques were adopted. In this paper, the experimental protocol adopted, and the results obtained from macro-traces and micro-residues allowed us to develop hypotheses regarding free-hand gripping of the small flakes by hominins at Revadim, Jaljulia and Fontana Ranuccio and the role that strength and pressure played in ensuring a good grip to enable the optimal use of these tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"332-354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3683","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paleoflood slackwater deposits have recently been investigated in small to moderately sized rivers. However, our understanding of the characteristics of paleoflood slackwater deposits in large rivers remains limited, which poses a notable obstacle to accurately predicting the magnitude, frequency and force of extraordinary floods. To address this research gap, this study compares the characteristics of paleoflood slackwater deposits in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River (YZR) and the upper Hanjiang River in China. Paleoflood slackwater deposits and aeolian deposits (e.g. loess, paleosol S0 and aeolian sand) were investigated and sampled from these locations. For the paleoflood slackwater deposits and aeolian deposits, sedimentology (e.g. grain size distribution, magnetic susceptibility and geochemical elements) was analyzed in the laboratory. The macroscopic features of the paleoflood slackwater deposits in the middle YZR valley are very similar to those of the upper Hanjiang River valley. The paleoflood slackwater deposits were dominated by sand and silt in the middle YZR and by silt and sand in the upper Hanjiang River; this implied that the paleoflood slackwater deposits were suspended sediments of floodwater from different source regions. Compared with the paleoflood slackwater deposits in the upper Hanjiang River and other large rivers in China (e.g. the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers), the paleoflood slackwater deposits contained more coarse particles in the middle YZR; this result may be closely related to the particular hydrogeologic and geomorphic conditions (e.g. rich sandy sediment, high riverbed slope and narrow valley) in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Compared with the paleoflood slackwater deposits in the upper Hanjiang River, the paleoflood slackwater deposits presented considerably worse sorting in the middle YZR; this may be closely related to the short transport distance in the middle YZR. The magnetic susceptibility values of the paleoflood slackwater deposits were relatively higher in the middle YZR and the upper Hanjiang River, suggesting that these slackwater deposits with minimal pedogenesis may contain a relatively high ferromagnetic mineral content because of the formation process of slackwater deposits. The sediment provenance of the paleoflood slackwater deposits may be closely related to that of the loess in the middle YZR valley, which implies that the sediment provenance of deposits of different genetic types may be greatly affected by the particular hydrologic–climatic and geomorphic conditions in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.
{"title":"Comparative study of paleoflood slackwater deposits in the Yarlung Zangbo and Hanjiang Rivers, China","authors":"Shuaihu Wu, Xudong Fu, Jiangli Pang, Chunchang Huang","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3679","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Paleoflood slackwater deposits have recently been investigated in small to moderately sized rivers. However, our understanding of the characteristics of paleoflood slackwater deposits in large rivers remains limited, which poses a notable obstacle to accurately predicting the magnitude, frequency and force of extraordinary floods. To address this research gap, this study compares the characteristics of paleoflood slackwater deposits in the middle Yarlung Zangbo River (YZR) and the upper Hanjiang River in China. Paleoflood slackwater deposits and aeolian deposits (e.g. loess, paleosol S<sub>0</sub> and aeolian sand) were investigated and sampled from these locations. For the paleoflood slackwater deposits and aeolian deposits, sedimentology (e.g. grain size distribution, magnetic susceptibility and geochemical elements) was analyzed in the laboratory. The macroscopic features of the paleoflood slackwater deposits in the middle YZR valley are very similar to those of the upper Hanjiang River valley. The paleoflood slackwater deposits were dominated by sand and silt in the middle YZR and by silt and sand in the upper Hanjiang River; this implied that the paleoflood slackwater deposits were suspended sediments of floodwater from different source regions. Compared with the paleoflood slackwater deposits in the upper Hanjiang River and other large rivers in China (e.g. the Yellow and Yangtze Rivers), the paleoflood slackwater deposits contained more coarse particles in the middle YZR; this result may be closely related to the particular hydrogeologic and geomorphic conditions (e.g. rich sandy sediment, high riverbed slope and narrow valley) in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau. Compared with the paleoflood slackwater deposits in the upper Hanjiang River, the paleoflood slackwater deposits presented considerably worse sorting in the middle YZR; this may be closely related to the short transport distance in the middle YZR. The magnetic susceptibility values of the paleoflood slackwater deposits were relatively higher in the middle YZR and the upper Hanjiang River, suggesting that these slackwater deposits with minimal pedogenesis may contain a relatively high ferromagnetic mineral content because of the formation process of slackwater deposits. The sediment provenance of the paleoflood slackwater deposits may be closely related to that of the loess in the middle YZR valley, which implies that the sediment provenance of deposits of different genetic types may be greatly affected by the particular hydrologic–climatic and geomorphic conditions in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"267-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 ratios of loess–paleosol sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau have been proposed as indicators recording changes of the East Asian winter monsoon. However, interference from silicon (Si) leaching induced by chemical weathering raises concerns about their applications to paleoclimate reconstruction. Silicon isotopes can serve as an effective tool for monitoring Si leaching, as the release of Si can lead to a decrease in δ30Si values of soils. Here we use Si isotopes to evaluate previously published SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 ratios in loess–paleosol sequences from the Yimaguan profile, Gansu Province, Northwest China, and examine the potential alteration caused by chemical weathering. The SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 ratios show opposite trends to that of the frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility (χfd) and the chemical index of alteration (CIA). However, the whole profile exhibits limited Si isotopic variation, with δ30Si values ranging from −0.28‰ to −0.16‰. The homogeneous Si isotopic signature indicates that Si is not significantly leached during pedogenesis. Therefore, the SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 ratios are not modified by Si leaching due to chemical weathering; instead, they are mainly affected by the grain size sorting effect, which is controlled by the change of winter monsoon intensity. This suggests that SiO2/Al2O3 and SiO2/TiO2 can serve as reliable indicators of paleoclimate changes, with an increase in the ratios reflecting the strengthening of the East Asian winter monsoon. Based on our observation of the Yimaguan loess–paleosol samples and the global loess data previously published, we also constrained the average Si isotopic composition of the upper continental crust (UCC) to be −0.22 ± 0.06‰ (2 s.d.).
{"title":"Climate influence on Si abundance and Si isotopes in the Yimaguan loess–paleosol sequence","authors":"Baoliang Wang, Hui-Min Yu, Wenhan Cheng, Jianghu Lan, Fang Huang","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3684","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SiO<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> ratios of loess–paleosol sequences in the Chinese Loess Plateau have been proposed as indicators recording changes of the East Asian winter monsoon. However, interference from silicon (Si) leaching induced by chemical weathering raises concerns about their applications to paleoclimate reconstruction. Silicon isotopes can serve as an effective tool for monitoring Si leaching, as the release of Si can lead to a decrease in δ<sup>30</sup>Si values of soils. Here we use Si isotopes to evaluate previously published SiO<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> ratios in loess–paleosol sequences from the Yimaguan profile, Gansu Province, Northwest China, and examine the potential alteration caused by chemical weathering. The SiO<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> ratios show opposite trends to that of the frequency-dependent magnetic susceptibility (χ<sub>fd</sub>) and the chemical index of alteration (CIA). However, the whole profile exhibits limited Si isotopic variation, with δ<sup>30</sup>Si values ranging from −0.28‰ to −0.16‰. The homogeneous Si isotopic signature indicates that Si is not significantly leached during pedogenesis. Therefore, the SiO<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> ratios are not modified by Si leaching due to chemical weathering; instead, they are mainly affected by the grain size sorting effect, which is controlled by the change of winter monsoon intensity. This suggests that SiO<sub>2</sub>/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and SiO<sub>2</sub>/TiO<sub>2</sub> can serve as reliable indicators of paleoclimate changes, with an increase in the ratios reflecting the strengthening of the East Asian winter monsoon. Based on our observation of the Yimaguan loess–paleosol samples and the global loess data previously published, we also constrained the average Si isotopic composition of the upper continental crust (UCC) to be −0.22 ± 0.06‰ (2 s.d.).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"279-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Openwork mountain block deposits (blockfields, blockstreams) have received much research interest globally given their visual appeal as prominent cold-region landforms. However, studies have shown that these landforms in both glaciated and non-glaciated environments are probably of considerable age (pre-Quaternary), yet the environmental conditions of their formation (such as the presence of permafrost) and associated processes remain poorly understood. This paper focuses on consolidating and critically analysing current knowledge on mountain blockstreams found in the southern hemisphere. This is achieved by reviewing past published work on such landforms, from the Falkland Islands, Marion Island, southern Africa and southeastern Australia. By presenting a variety of previously proposed landscape evolutionary models, we demonstrate that southern hemisphere blockstreams are products of a range of weathering and material mobilization processes over long multiple warmer/wetter and colder/drier pre-Quaternary and Quaternary climatic cycles. Although most southern hemisphere mountain blockstreams have some association with periglacial processes, they are not exclusively periglacial in their developmental history. This can be tested through field geomorphic, sedimentary and ecological methods; the use of remote sensing; radiometric and relative-age dating; seismic and other subsurface methods; and modelling. However, many research questions remain unanswered, such as the potential role of permafrost in blockstream formation and dynamics, or their sensitivity to ongoing climate change.
{"title":"Distribution and palaeoenvironmental significance of mountain blockstreams in the southern hemisphere","authors":"Stefan Grab, Jasper Knight","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3678","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Openwork mountain block deposits (blockfields, blockstreams) have received much research interest globally given their visual appeal as prominent cold-region landforms. However, studies have shown that these landforms in both glaciated and non-glaciated environments are probably of considerable age (pre-Quaternary), yet the environmental conditions of their formation (such as the presence of permafrost) and associated processes remain poorly understood. This paper focuses on consolidating and critically analysing current knowledge on mountain blockstreams found in the southern hemisphere. This is achieved by reviewing past published work on such landforms, from the Falkland Islands, Marion Island, southern Africa and southeastern Australia. By presenting a variety of previously proposed landscape evolutionary models, we demonstrate that southern hemisphere blockstreams are products of a range of weathering and material mobilization processes over long multiple warmer/wetter and colder/drier pre-Quaternary and Quaternary climatic cycles. Although most southern hemisphere mountain blockstreams have some association with periglacial processes, they are not exclusively periglacial in their developmental history. This can be tested through field geomorphic, sedimentary and ecological methods; the use of remote sensing; radiometric and relative-age dating; seismic and other subsurface methods; and modelling. However, many research questions remain unanswered, such as the potential role of permafrost in blockstream formation and dynamics, or their sensitivity to ongoing climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 3","pages":"537-557"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3678","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haidee Cadd, Michela Mariani, John Tibby, Jonathan Tyler, Cameron Barr, Melanie J. Leng, Patrick Moss, Richard Lewis, Tim Cohen, Sam Marx, Glenn B. McGregor, Jonathan C. Marshall, Lynda Petherick
The iconic sand dune systems of Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), in southeastern Queensland, Australia, host numerous lakes and swamps containing organic-rich sediment deposits that record changes in climate, fire and surrounding vegetation. Palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from individual locations can provide insights into changes in the environment, but determining the regional extent of these changes is seldom possible from a single site. Multi-site compilations help elucidate the geographical nature of environmental changes and determine if they are driven by local or regional forces. Here, a synthesis of palynological records from six Minjerribah wetlands using a muti-tiered Monte Carlo empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis allows island-wide patterns of vegetation change to be identified. Coherent changes in vegetation were recorded, with first-order changes (EOF1) indicating a long-term shift in vegetation composition from closed forests towards woodland and heath vegetation. A compilation of macroscopic and microscopic charcoal from the same sites shares coherent patterns of change with a rainfall record from the island, suggesting that regional fire occurrence between 7000 and 2000 cal a bp was driven primarily by long-term variations in rainfall and its influence on biomass. Comparison with fire activity, rainfall, sedimentary carbon, nitrogen and dust records from Minjerribah suggests that regional vegetation changes occur primarily in response to long-term changes in nutrients and increasing rainfall variability. This analysis highlights the multi-millennial connection between vegetation composition, climate, nutrients and fire occurrence across the Holocene in subtropical environments.
Minjerribah（北斯特拉德布鲁克岛）的标志性沙丘系统位于澳大利亚昆士兰州东南部，拥有许多湖泊和沼泽，其中含有富含有机物的沉积物，记录了气候，火灾和周围植被的变化。单个地点的古环境重建可以提供对环境变化的见解，但从单个地点确定这些变化的区域范围是不可能的。多地点汇编有助于阐明环境变化的地理性质，并确定它们是由地方或区域力量驱动的。本文利用多层蒙特卡罗经验正交函数（EOF）分析，综合了6个Minjerribah湿地的孢粉记录，从而确定了全岛范围内的植被变化模式。植被连续变化，一阶变化（EOF1）表明植被组成从封闭森林向林地和荒地植被的长期转变。来自同一地点的宏观和微观木炭的编纂与该岛的降雨记录具有一致的变化模式，表明7000至2000 cal / bp之间的区域火灾发生主要是由降雨的长期变化及其对生物量的影响驱动的。与Minjerribah的火灾活动、降雨、沉积碳、氮和尘埃记录的比较表明，区域植被变化主要是对营养物质长期变化和降雨变动性增加的响应。该分析强调了亚热带全新世植被组成、气候、营养物质与火灾发生之间的千年联系。
{"title":"Australian subtropical vegetation and wetland response to fire, climate and nutrient availability during the Holocene","authors":"Haidee Cadd, Michela Mariani, John Tibby, Jonathan Tyler, Cameron Barr, Melanie J. Leng, Patrick Moss, Richard Lewis, Tim Cohen, Sam Marx, Glenn B. McGregor, Jonathan C. Marshall, Lynda Petherick","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3681","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The iconic sand dune systems of Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), in southeastern Queensland, Australia, host numerous lakes and swamps containing organic-rich sediment deposits that record changes in climate, fire and surrounding vegetation. Palaeoenvironmental reconstructions from individual locations can provide insights into changes in the environment, but determining the regional extent of these changes is seldom possible from a single site. Multi-site compilations help elucidate the geographical nature of environmental changes and determine if they are driven by local or regional forces. Here, a synthesis of palynological records from six Minjerribah wetlands using a muti-tiered Monte Carlo empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis allows island-wide patterns of vegetation change to be identified. Coherent changes in vegetation were recorded, with first-order changes (EOF1) indicating a long-term shift in vegetation composition from closed forests towards woodland and heath vegetation. A compilation of macroscopic and microscopic charcoal from the same sites shares coherent patterns of change with a rainfall record from the island, suggesting that regional fire occurrence between 7000 and 2000 cal a <span>bp</span> was driven primarily by long-term variations in rainfall and its influence on biomass. Comparison with fire activity, rainfall, sedimentary carbon, nitrogen and dust records from Minjerribah suggests that regional vegetation changes occur primarily in response to long-term changes in nutrients and increasing rainfall variability. This analysis highlights the multi-millennial connection between vegetation composition, climate, nutrients and fire occurrence across the Holocene in subtropical environments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 3","pages":"519-536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marianne F. S. Vogel, Sébastien Joannin, Mebarek Lamara, Hugo Asselin, Adam A. Ali, Sabrina Leclercq, Cécile Latapy, Franck Richard, Yves Bergeron
Following deglaciation, lowland sites in eastern Canada that were covered by proglacial Lake Ojibway recorded direct afforestation with boreal mixedwood taxa, without an initial tundra phase, contrary to sites that were never covered by this lake. Because former islands of proglacial Lake Ojibway were colonized by vegetation before lake drainage around 8200 cal a bp, we hypothesized that these paleo-islands went through a non-arboreal phase which eventually transitioned to boreal mixedwoods, hence providing a source of propagules for rapid and later colonization of the lowlands. We carried out a multi-proxy analysis combining pollen, macro-remains, sedimentary ancient DNA and charcoal to document vegetation composition and dynamics on two paleo-islands. Both study sites recorded progressive vegetation establishment starting with a tundra-like phase with only herbs and shrubs, followed by open forests dominated by either larch or pine, culminating with the establishment of the boreal mixedwoods about 300 years before the final drainage of proglacial Lake Ojibway. Fire regimes seem to have partially driven vegetation dynamics and diversity on the paleo-islands. Paleo-islands were sources of propagules, which helps explain how the former Lake Ojibway lowlands were directly colonized by boreal mixedwoods, without an initial tundra phase.
在冰川消退之后，加拿大东部被奥吉布威湖覆盖的低地地区记录了北方混合木类群的直接造林，没有最初的冻土带阶段，与从未被奥吉布威湖覆盖的地区相反。由于Ojibway湖的前冰期岛屿在8200 cal a bp湖泊流失之前就已经被植被殖民，因此我们假设这些古岛屿经历了一个非树栖阶段，最终过渡到北方混交林，从而为低地的快速和后来的殖民提供了繁殖体的来源。本文采用花粉、宏观遗骸、沉积古DNA和木炭等多指标分析方法，记录了两个古岛屿的植被组成和动态。这两个研究地点都记录了植被的逐渐建立，从只有草本植物和灌木的苔原样阶段开始，然后是以落叶松或松树为主的开放森林，最终在奥吉布韦前冰川湖最终排水前300年左右建立了北方混交林。火灾制度似乎在一定程度上驱动了古岛屿上的植被动态和多样性。古岛屿是繁殖体的来源，这有助于解释为什么在没有最初的冻土带阶段的情况下，前奥吉布威湖低地直接被北方混交林占领。
{"title":"Multi-proxy analysis of early Holocene vegetation dynamics on the islands of proglacial Lake Ojibway (northeastern America)","authors":"Marianne F. S. Vogel, Sébastien Joannin, Mebarek Lamara, Hugo Asselin, Adam A. Ali, Sabrina Leclercq, Cécile Latapy, Franck Richard, Yves Bergeron","doi":"10.1002/jqs.3682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3682","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Following deglaciation, lowland sites in eastern Canada that were covered by proglacial Lake Ojibway recorded direct afforestation with boreal mixedwood taxa, without an initial tundra phase, contrary to sites that were never covered by this lake. Because former islands of proglacial Lake Ojibway were colonized by vegetation before lake drainage around 8200 cal a <span>bp</span>, we hypothesized that these paleo-islands went through a non-arboreal phase which eventually transitioned to boreal mixedwoods, hence providing a source of propagules for rapid and later colonization of the lowlands. We carried out a multi-proxy analysis combining pollen, macro-remains, sedimentary ancient DNA and charcoal to document vegetation composition and dynamics on two paleo-islands. Both study sites recorded progressive vegetation establishment starting with a tundra-like phase with only herbs and shrubs, followed by open forests dominated by either larch or pine, culminating with the establishment of the boreal mixedwoods about 300 years before the final drainage of proglacial Lake Ojibway. Fire regimes seem to have partially driven vegetation dynamics and diversity on the paleo-islands. Paleo-islands were sources of propagules, which helps explain how the former Lake Ojibway lowlands were directly colonized by boreal mixedwoods, without an initial tundra phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":16929,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quaternary Science","volume":"40 2","pages":"229-242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jqs.3682","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143370093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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