Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.21608/JPPP.2011.84678
A. Ghanim, L. Shanab, A. EL-Batran, M. Ramadan
Laboratory experiments were carried out in Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture , Mansoura University under constant temperature of 28 ± 2° c and relative humidity of 70 ± 5 % to investigate the influence of some prey types on certain biological aspects of Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) . These prey types were Aphis gossypii Glover, Macrosiphum rosae (L.), Aphis nerii Boyer and Gynikothrips ficorum Marchal . The obtained results indicated that the shortest developmental time was obtained when the larvae of C. carnea reared on M. rosae (12.07±0.53days), while the longest developmental time was recorded when the larvae of this predator fed on A. gossypii ( 15.46 ± 0.8 days ). The results showed that, the numbers of the insect species as prey consumed by a predator larval stage varied according to insect species as it averaged 194.20± 9.75; 129.28±7.56; 80.58± 4.78 and 132.33±8.42 individuals when fed on A. gossypii; M. rosae ;A. nerii and G. ficorum, respectively. The data cleared that, the second and third larval instar were the most efficient in predation. The variation in the prey typs also showed difference in the duration of the larval stage as it averaged 15.46 ± 0.86; 12.07± 0.53; 12.8±0.85 and 11.74 ±1.86 days for previously mentioned species, respectively. Female fecundity also varied from 423.2±7.86; 340.20 ± 5.32; 188.40±2.46 and 423.2±8.42 eggs for A. gossypii ; M. rosae ; A. nerii and G. ficorum, respectively. The obtained results assured the effect of prey kinds on the developmental time, consumpation rate of larval stage and the longevity of male and longevity and fecundity of C. carnea female. The highest number of eggs obtained when the females (which their larvae) reared on G. ficorum , while the lowest number of eggs were achieved when they reared on A. nerii .
{"title":"INFLUENCE OF CERTAIN PREY TYPES ON SOME BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Chrysoperla carnea (STEPH.) UNDER CONSTANT TEMPERATURE AND RELATIVE HUMIDITY.","authors":"A. Ghanim, L. Shanab, A. EL-Batran, M. Ramadan","doi":"10.21608/JPPP.2011.84678","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPPP.2011.84678","url":null,"abstract":"Laboratory experiments were carried out in Economic Entomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture , Mansoura University under constant temperature of 28 ± 2° c and relative humidity of 70 ± 5 % to investigate the influence of some prey types on certain biological aspects of Chrysoperla carnea (Steph.) . These prey types were Aphis gossypii Glover, Macrosiphum rosae (L.), Aphis nerii Boyer and Gynikothrips ficorum Marchal . The obtained results indicated that the shortest developmental time was obtained when the larvae of C. carnea reared on M. rosae (12.07±0.53days), while the longest developmental time was recorded when the larvae of this predator fed on A. gossypii ( 15.46 ± 0.8 days ). The results showed that, the numbers of the insect species as prey consumed by a predator larval stage varied according to insect species as it averaged 194.20± 9.75; 129.28±7.56; 80.58± 4.78 and 132.33±8.42 individuals when fed on A. gossypii; M. rosae ;A. nerii and G. ficorum, respectively. The data cleared that, the second and third larval instar were the most efficient in predation. The variation in the prey typs also showed difference in the duration of the larval stage as it averaged 15.46 ± 0.86; 12.07± 0.53; 12.8±0.85 and 11.74 ±1.86 days for previously mentioned species, respectively. Female fecundity also varied from 423.2±7.86; 340.20 ± 5.32; 188.40±2.46 and 423.2±8.42 eggs for A. gossypii ; M. rosae ; A. nerii and G. ficorum, respectively. The obtained results assured the effect of prey kinds on the developmental time, consumpation rate of larval stage and the longevity of male and longevity and fecundity of C. carnea female. The highest number of eggs obtained when the females (which their larvae) reared on G. ficorum , while the lowest number of eggs were achieved when they reared on A. nerii .","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"44 1","pages":"213-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86973728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.21608/JPPP.2011.84676
R. El-Shennawy
In this study Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma album, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium were antagonistic to the growth of Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani, the causal pathogens of faba bean root-rot and wilt, with different degrees of inhibition. T. harzianum was the most effective followed to T. album, B. subtilis and B. megaterium, respectively. B. megaterium was the least effective. Under greenhouse conditions, it was found that the radial growth of the fungus and significantly decreased root-rot and wilt and increased plant height, fresh weight and dry weight. Plant guard gave the highest inhibition followed by Bio-zeid, Rhizo-N and Bio-ARC, respectively. In field experiments, results indicated that all antagonists offered a highly significant protection comparing with the untreated. Plant guard was the best followed by Bio-zeid, Rhizo-N and Bio-ARC, respectively.
{"title":"Biological control of root-rot and wilt disease of faba bean using some bioagents","authors":"R. El-Shennawy","doi":"10.21608/JPPP.2011.84676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPPP.2011.84676","url":null,"abstract":"In this study Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma album, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium were antagonistic to the growth of Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium oxysporum and F. solani, the causal pathogens of faba bean root-rot and wilt, with different degrees of inhibition. T. harzianum was the most effective followed to T. album, B. subtilis and B. megaterium, respectively. B. megaterium was the least effective. Under greenhouse conditions, it was found that the radial growth of the fungus and significantly decreased root-rot and wilt and increased plant height, fresh weight and dry weight. Plant guard gave the highest inhibition followed by Bio-zeid, Rhizo-N and Bio-ARC, respectively. In field experiments, results indicated that all antagonists offered a highly significant protection comparing with the untreated. Plant guard was the best followed by Bio-zeid, Rhizo-N and Bio-ARC, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"58 1 1","pages":"195-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83241547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.21608/JPPP.2011.84680
Mansour, M., E., Abdallah, Samia, A., Haroun, A. Gomaa, H. Badr
Different bacterial strains were recorded as onion rot pathogens. The candidate strains in one region may differ from the other and it may be only one pathogen responsible of the infection in an area or a combination from different pathogens. The present research aimed at detection of the main bacterial pathogen (s) causing onion rot in Egypt throughout storage. Five bacterial pathogens were detected with different occurrence percentage; Erwinia carotovora subspecies carotovora (48.14 %), Erwinia cacticida (18.51 %), Erwinia carotovora subspecies atroseptica (14.81 %), Burkholderia cepacia (14.81 %) and Pantoea sp. (3.7 %).
{"title":"OCCURRENCE AND PREVALENCE OF THE BACTERIAL ONION BULB ROT PATHOGENS IN EGYPT.","authors":"Mansour, M., E., Abdallah, Samia, A., Haroun, A. Gomaa, H. Badr","doi":"10.21608/JPPP.2011.84680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPPP.2011.84680","url":null,"abstract":"Different bacterial strains were recorded as onion rot pathogens. The candidate strains in one region may differ from the other and it may be only one pathogen responsible of the infection in an area or a combination from different pathogens. The present research aimed at detection of the main bacterial pathogen (s) causing onion rot in Egypt throughout storage. Five bacterial pathogens were detected with different occurrence percentage; Erwinia carotovora subspecies carotovora (48.14 %), Erwinia cacticida (18.51 %), Erwinia carotovora subspecies atroseptica (14.81 %), Burkholderia cepacia (14.81 %) and Pantoea sp. (3.7 %).","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":"239-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77753290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.21608/JPPP.2011.84679
O. El-Sebai
Effect of Beauveria bassiana on Rhyzopertha dominica parental adult mortality, F1 emerged adults, wheat kernels weight loss and damage were evaluated. Lesser grain borer, R. dominica adults were exposed to B. bassiana (BIOVER ® ) conidia powder admixed with wheat kernels in different six rates w/w (weight of B. bassiana conidial powder to weight of wheat kernels) and compared to untreated (check). Mortality percentage of R. dominica adults increased with increasing rates of B. bassiana after seven days. Significant differences were observed between all tested B. bassiana rates (P=0.0001). The maximum percentage of adult mortality after seven days of exposure was achieved at the highest rate compared to the untreated. Same trend was recorded after 14 days of exposure (P= 0.0001) at the previously mentioned rates compared to the untreated check. Negative relationship between B. bassiana rate and number of emerged R. dominica adults was recorded. Significant difference (P= 0.0001) was recorded between the untreated and the treated mean numbers of adult progeny emerged. The maximum adult progeny emerged was observed in the lowest rate (0.1% w/w) averaged 100.33 adult, while the minimum adult progeny emerged was recorded in the highest rate (1.0% w/w) averaged 16 adult compare to the untreated (225.33 adult). Weight loss means varied significantly among the tested rates of B. bassiana. Increasing B. bassiana rates led to significant decrease in weight loss on wheat treated. The minimum percentage of weight loss was recorded in the highest rate (1.0% w/w) compared to the untreated wheat which showed more feeding activities of the R. dominica beetles. In addition, the untreated wheat grains infested with R. dominica was significantly more damaged by the feeding of beetles than grains treated with B. bassiana. Generally, B. bassiana treated wheat kernels significantly decrease in mean numbers of F1 emerged adult, weight loss and damage compared to untreated wheat kernels. As an alternative control method of stored product insect pests, B. bassiana could be implicated as a part of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies.
{"title":"Laboratory assessment of entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, balsamo to control the lesser grain borer Rhyzopertha dominica F. on wheat kernels","authors":"O. El-Sebai","doi":"10.21608/JPPP.2011.84679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPPP.2011.84679","url":null,"abstract":"Effect of Beauveria bassiana on Rhyzopertha dominica parental adult mortality, F1 emerged adults, wheat kernels weight loss and damage were evaluated. Lesser grain borer, R. dominica adults were exposed to B. bassiana (BIOVER ® ) conidia powder admixed with wheat kernels in different six rates w/w (weight of B. bassiana conidial powder to weight of wheat kernels) and compared to untreated (check). Mortality percentage of R. dominica adults increased with increasing rates of B. bassiana after seven days. Significant differences were observed between all tested B. bassiana rates (P=0.0001). The maximum percentage of adult mortality after seven days of exposure was achieved at the highest rate compared to the untreated. Same trend was recorded after 14 days of exposure (P= 0.0001) at the previously mentioned rates compared to the untreated check. Negative relationship between B. bassiana rate and number of emerged R. dominica adults was recorded. Significant difference (P= 0.0001) was recorded between the untreated and the treated mean numbers of adult progeny emerged. The maximum adult progeny emerged was observed in the lowest rate (0.1% w/w) averaged 100.33 adult, while the minimum adult progeny emerged was recorded in the highest rate (1.0% w/w) averaged 16 adult compare to the untreated (225.33 adult). Weight loss means varied significantly among the tested rates of B. bassiana. Increasing B. bassiana rates led to significant decrease in weight loss on wheat treated. The minimum percentage of weight loss was recorded in the highest rate (1.0% w/w) compared to the untreated wheat which showed more feeding activities of the R. dominica beetles. In addition, the untreated wheat grains infested with R. dominica was significantly more damaged by the feeding of beetles than grains treated with B. bassiana. Generally, B. bassiana treated wheat kernels significantly decrease in mean numbers of F1 emerged adult, weight loss and damage compared to untreated wheat kernels. As an alternative control method of stored product insect pests, B. bassiana could be implicated as a part of integrated pest management (IPM) strategies.","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"15 1","pages":"227-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82468555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-02-01DOI: 10.21608/JPPP.2011.84671
I. Tolba, W. A. A. E. Halem
In this study, various epidemiological aspects of strawberry angular leaf spot caused by Xanthomonas fragariae including the disease distribution and intensity in strawberry fields, incidence of X. fragariae on cooled stored transplants, aggressiveness of numerous Egyptian strains of X. fragariae, and cultivars reaction were investigated under Egyptian conditions. Among four governorates surveyed in 2007 and 2009 growing seasons, the disease occurred in Beheira and Qalyubia and did not occurre in Sharqia and Ismailia. In Qalyubia governorate, the number of fields that exhibited the angular leaf spot disease in both seasons was generally fewer than those in Beheira governorate. Disease intensity was higher in Beheira than Qalyubia during both seasons and was higher in 2009 than 2007 in both governorates. Among all surveyed localities, Markaz Bader had the highest disease intensity whereas Al-Deer locality had the lowest. X. fragariae was detected in plants stored in cold storage facilities at Beheira and Qalyubia governorates and the pathogen was more frequently isolatedion incidence was higher in Beheira than Qalyubia. Little variation was observed among the 15 local strains of X. fragariae with regard to their virulence and none of these strains was exceptionally virulent. There was no resistant cultivars among the 14 strawberry cultivars tested. All cultivars ranged from moderate to highly susceptible. The highest susceptible cultivars were Camarosa and Sweet Charlie.
{"title":"Some epidemiological aspects of strawberry angular leaf spot in Egypt","authors":"I. Tolba, W. A. A. E. Halem","doi":"10.21608/JPPP.2011.84671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPPP.2011.84671","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, various epidemiological aspects of strawberry angular leaf spot caused by Xanthomonas fragariae including the disease distribution and intensity in strawberry fields, incidence of X. fragariae on cooled stored transplants, aggressiveness of numerous Egyptian strains of X. fragariae, and cultivars reaction were investigated under Egyptian conditions. Among four governorates surveyed in 2007 and 2009 growing seasons, the disease occurred in Beheira and Qalyubia and did not occurre in Sharqia and Ismailia. In Qalyubia governorate, the number of fields that exhibited the angular leaf spot disease in both seasons was generally fewer than those in Beheira governorate. Disease intensity was higher in Beheira than Qalyubia during both seasons and was higher in 2009 than 2007 in both governorates. Among all surveyed localities, Markaz Bader had the highest disease intensity whereas Al-Deer locality had the lowest. X. fragariae was detected in plants stored in cold storage facilities at Beheira and Qalyubia governorates and the pathogen was more frequently isolatedion incidence was higher in Beheira than Qalyubia. Little variation was observed among the 15 local strains of X. fragariae with regard to their virulence and none of these strains was exceptionally virulent. There was no resistant cultivars among the 14 strawberry cultivars tested. All cultivars ranged from moderate to highly susceptible. The highest susceptible cultivars were Camarosa and Sweet Charlie.","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"79 1","pages":"141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84973419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2011.86516
El-Sheikh, S. El-Kazzaz, E. Hafez, S. Madkour, S. El-Gayyar
{"title":"Detection purification, and identification of siderophores produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates using SDS-page and HPLC.","authors":"El-Sheikh, S. El-Kazzaz, E. Hafez, S. Madkour, S. El-Gayyar","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2011.86516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2011.86516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80346923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2011.84658
El-Kholi, M. ESh
This study was designed to investigate the effect of calcium chloride and calcium chelate on the interaction between sugarbeet plants and Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease as well as its direct effect on the pathogen using scanning electron microscope. It was clearly observed that, both calcium salts significantly reduced CLS disease severity with calcium chelate being more effective in CLS disease control. The levels of chitinase, β1,3 glucanase and Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) of the salttreated plants were significantly increased as compared to the untreated control. Thus, both calcium chelate and chloride have a role in triggering the induction of plant resistant. The increase of chitinase, β1,3 glucanase and PPO was correlated with the reduction in disease severity. Scanning electron microscopy showed that, calcium treatments decreased the density of emerging conidiospores compared to those of untreated infected control. The stomatal guard cells of the calcium-treated leaves appeared closure than in the untreated control. This study concludes that, the two tested calcium salts have a role in inducing disease resistance as well as stomatal functioning. They may also have a fungistatic effect on the pathogen.
{"title":"Comparative structural and biochemical study on calcium effects on Cercospora leaf spot disease on sugar beet","authors":"El-Kholi, M. ESh","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2011.84658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2011.84658","url":null,"abstract":"This study was designed to investigate the effect of calcium chloride and calcium chelate on the interaction between sugarbeet plants and Cercospora leaf spot (CLS) disease as well as its direct effect on the pathogen using scanning electron microscope. It was clearly observed that, both calcium salts significantly reduced CLS disease severity with calcium chelate being more effective in CLS disease control. The levels of chitinase, β1,3 glucanase and Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) of the salttreated plants were significantly increased as compared to the untreated control. Thus, both calcium chelate and chloride have a role in triggering the induction of plant resistant. The increase of chitinase, β1,3 glucanase and PPO was correlated with the reduction in disease severity. Scanning electron microscopy showed that, calcium treatments decreased the density of emerging conidiospores compared to those of untreated infected control. The stomatal guard cells of the calcium-treated leaves appeared closure than in the untreated control. This study concludes that, the two tested calcium salts have a role in inducing disease resistance as well as stomatal functioning. They may also have a fungistatic effect on the pathogen.","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87639701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.21608/JPPP.2011.84657
A. Esh, M. Atia, M. Tohamy, S. Taghian
A total of 10 Bacillus subtilis (7) and Bacillus pumilus (3) isolates from sugar beet phyllosphere were evaluated for its biocontrol activity against sugar beet cercospora leaf spot disease (CLS) under greenhouse and field conditions compared to the fungicide Topsin M70. PR-related proteins, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase as well as indol acetic acid were determined in treated and untreated sugar beet plants. Under greenhouse conditions the reduction in disease severity caused by B. subtilis and B. pumilus treatments ranged from 73.33 80% and 80 83% respectively. Under field conditions the reduction ranged from 56.18 to 81.27% and 62.55 to 81.27% from B. subtilis and B. pumilus respectively. The levels of the determined PR proteins significantly increased in all the treated plants either with B. subtilis or B. pumilus. In addition, the levels of IAA were higher in the treated plants compared to the untreated plants. The sucrose percentage increased in the treated plants compared to the infected untreated control. The present study suggested the role of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus in inducing plant acquired resistance.
{"title":"Systemic resistance in sugar beet eliciated by non-pathogenic, phyllosphere-colonizing Bacillus pumilus and B. subtilus against the pathogen Cercospora beticola Sacc.","authors":"A. Esh, M. Atia, M. Tohamy, S. Taghian","doi":"10.21608/JPPP.2011.84657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPPP.2011.84657","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 10 Bacillus subtilis (7) and Bacillus pumilus (3) isolates from sugar beet phyllosphere were evaluated for its biocontrol activity against sugar beet cercospora leaf spot disease (CLS) under greenhouse and field conditions compared to the fungicide Topsin M70. PR-related proteins, chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase as well as indol acetic acid were determined in treated and untreated sugar beet plants. Under greenhouse conditions the reduction in disease severity caused by B. subtilis and B. pumilus treatments ranged from 73.33 80% and 80 83% respectively. Under field conditions the reduction ranged from 56.18 to 81.27% and 62.55 to 81.27% from B. subtilis and B. pumilus respectively. The levels of the determined PR proteins significantly increased in all the treated plants either with B. subtilis or B. pumilus. In addition, the levels of IAA were higher in the treated plants compared to the untreated plants. The sucrose percentage increased in the treated plants compared to the infected untreated control. The present study suggested the role of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus pumilus in inducing plant acquired resistance.","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"176 1","pages":"67-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79839071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.21608/JPPP.2011.84648
S. Awadalla, M. El-Naggar, N. Abdel-Baky, O. Hamid
The main insect pests inhabiting onion plants during the two seasons at Mansoura region were Thrips tabaci Lind.(36.3 and 36.9%), Aphis gossypii Glov. (28.7 and 28.5%), Eumerus amoenus Loew. (19.3 and 18.0%), Empoasca lybica de Berg. (11.1 and 11.8%) and Liriomyza trifolii Burgess (2.4 and 2.1%) in 2007/08 and 2008/09 seasons, respectively. On the other hand, the main insect pests inhabiting onion plants with low occurrence were Nezara viridula (0.4 and 0.4%), Bemisia tabaci (0.4 and 0.6%), Spodoptera littoralis (0.2 and 0.4%) and Cryptoblabes gnidiella (0.3 and 0.5%) during the two successive seasons, respectively. The main predators inhabiting onion plants and associated with the insect pests infesting this crop during the two successive seasons were the coccinellid Coccinella undecimpunctata (31.7 and 17.0%) , Coccinella septempunctata (32.3 and 38.7%), Cydonia vicina nilotica (19.2 and 28.7%) and the chrysopid, Chrysoperla carnea (16.8 and 15.6%) during 2007/08 and 2008/09 seasons, respectively. The maximum number of T. tabaci nymphs by using direct count method were 785 and 675 nymphs/ 10 plants in the second week of April 2008 and in the first week of April 2009 in the two successive seasons, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum number of T. tabaci adults by using direct count method were 100 and 68 individuals/ 10 plants in the fourth week of March 2008 and in the second week of March 2009 in the two seasons, respectively. The average number of T. tabaci nymphs were 297.2 ± 82.2 nymphs/ 10 plants during the first season 2007/08 and 249.9 ± 80.9 nymphs/ 10 plants during the second season 2008/09, while the average number of T. tabaci adults were 41.1± 9.8 and 30.2± 8.9 individuals / 10 plants during two seasons, respectively. Moreover, by using sticky trap method, the maximum number of T. tabaci adults were 218 and 200 individuals/trap in the first week of March 2008 and in the second week of April 2009 in the two seasons, respectively. The average number of T. tabaci adults were 112.0 ± 14.6 and 92.7 ± 21.2 individuals/ trap during the two seasons, respectively.
{"title":"The insect pests attacking onion plants with special references to the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lind. at Mansoura Region","authors":"S. Awadalla, M. El-Naggar, N. Abdel-Baky, O. Hamid","doi":"10.21608/JPPP.2011.84648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JPPP.2011.84648","url":null,"abstract":"The main insect pests inhabiting onion plants during the two seasons at Mansoura region were Thrips tabaci Lind.(36.3 and 36.9%), Aphis gossypii Glov. (28.7 and 28.5%), Eumerus amoenus Loew. (19.3 and 18.0%), Empoasca lybica de Berg. (11.1 and 11.8%) and Liriomyza trifolii Burgess (2.4 and 2.1%) in 2007/08 and 2008/09 seasons, respectively. On the other hand, the main insect pests inhabiting onion plants with low occurrence were Nezara viridula (0.4 and 0.4%), Bemisia tabaci (0.4 and 0.6%), Spodoptera littoralis (0.2 and 0.4%) and Cryptoblabes gnidiella (0.3 and 0.5%) during the two successive seasons, respectively. The main predators inhabiting onion plants and associated with the insect pests infesting this crop during the two successive seasons were the coccinellid Coccinella undecimpunctata (31.7 and 17.0%) , Coccinella septempunctata (32.3 and 38.7%), Cydonia vicina nilotica (19.2 and 28.7%) and the chrysopid, Chrysoperla carnea (16.8 and 15.6%) during 2007/08 and 2008/09 seasons, respectively. The maximum number of T. tabaci nymphs by using direct count method were 785 and 675 nymphs/ 10 plants in the second week of April 2008 and in the first week of April 2009 in the two successive seasons, respectively. On the other hand, the maximum number of T. tabaci adults by using direct count method were 100 and 68 individuals/ 10 plants in the fourth week of March 2008 and in the second week of March 2009 in the two seasons, respectively. The average number of T. tabaci nymphs were 297.2 ± 82.2 nymphs/ 10 plants during the first season 2007/08 and 249.9 ± 80.9 nymphs/ 10 plants during the second season 2008/09, while the average number of T. tabaci adults were 41.1± 9.8 and 30.2± 8.9 individuals / 10 plants during two seasons, respectively. Moreover, by using sticky trap method, the maximum number of T. tabaci adults were 218 and 200 individuals/trap in the first week of March 2008 and in the second week of April 2009 in the two seasons, respectively. The average number of T. tabaci adults were 112.0 ± 14.6 and 92.7 ± 21.2 individuals/ trap during the two seasons, respectively.","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78243043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-01-01DOI: 10.21608/jppp.2011.86424
W. Sameer, M. El-Tawil
Eight fungicides (Tridex 80%, Tridex 75%, Mancozan 80%, Antracol 70%, Previcur N 72.5%, Rido copper 50%, Vacomil 35% and Chlorothit 75%) and six mixtures of fungicides (Aromil MZ 72%, Kaproksat-Gold 72%, Sereno 60%, Cure-plus 50%, Ridomil Gold Plus 42.5% and Galben copper 46%) were evaluated in ElEsmaelia Governorate during two different consective seasons of summer 2009 and winter 2010 for their efficacy on late blight disease (Phytophthora infestans) incidence and fruit yield of tomato. All the fungicides were applied at recommended rates. The control showed the greatest disease incidence. All treatments significantly reduced disease severity and raised the yield of tomato compared with untreated control. The tested mixtures of fungicides were more efficient in controlling late blight than using fungicides alone. Ridomil-Gold-Plus, Sereno, Kaproksat-Gold and Aromil-MZ were more effective in controlling late blight followed by Cure-plus, Galben copper, Chlorothit, Vacomil and Previcur-N, followed by three formulations of mancozeb (Tridex 80%, Tridex 75% and Mancozan 80%), while Antracol and Rido-copper were the least effective ones. Generally, application of the fungicide 10day intervals during tomato growth, was required to protect the plants from natural infection of late blight, which resulted in increasing the yield of tomato fruits.
{"title":"Evaluation of some fungicides and their mixtures for the control of tomato late blight, Phytophora infestans, in El-esmaelia Governorate","authors":"W. Sameer, M. El-Tawil","doi":"10.21608/jppp.2011.86424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2011.86424","url":null,"abstract":"Eight fungicides (Tridex 80%, Tridex 75%, Mancozan 80%, Antracol 70%, Previcur N 72.5%, Rido copper 50%, Vacomil 35% and Chlorothit 75%) and six mixtures of fungicides (Aromil MZ 72%, Kaproksat-Gold 72%, Sereno 60%, Cure-plus 50%, Ridomil Gold Plus 42.5% and Galben copper 46%) were evaluated in ElEsmaelia Governorate during two different consective seasons of summer 2009 and winter 2010 for their efficacy on late blight disease (Phytophthora infestans) incidence and fruit yield of tomato. All the fungicides were applied at recommended rates. The control showed the greatest disease incidence. All treatments significantly reduced disease severity and raised the yield of tomato compared with untreated control. The tested mixtures of fungicides were more efficient in controlling late blight than using fungicides alone. Ridomil-Gold-Plus, Sereno, Kaproksat-Gold and Aromil-MZ were more effective in controlling late blight followed by Cure-plus, Galben copper, Chlorothit, Vacomil and Previcur-N, followed by three formulations of mancozeb (Tridex 80%, Tridex 75% and Mancozan 80%), while Antracol and Rido-copper were the least effective ones. Generally, application of the fungicide 10day intervals during tomato growth, was required to protect the plants from natural infection of late blight, which resulted in increasing the yield of tomato fruits.","PeriodicalId":16965,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Plant Protection","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85728016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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