Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418829
D. Doolan, S. Tabirca
The very mention of the words "mobile application " one almost always thinks of "Java". Just about every mobile phone that is currently produced has a Java Virtual Machine as standard. Object Orientation is one of the key features of Java language. Is Object Orientation under the mobile environment more of a hinderance than a help? How does an Object Orientated solution compare to a more structured approach. How does the constant need for call methods compare with the Mining of the method functions themselves. How much of an advantage is Fixed Point Integer notation over double or floating point values in terms of computation speed and accuracy. These are some of the questions we wish to answer, by giving practical results from the domain of fractal generation.
{"title":"The need for speed: coding styles for mobile devices","authors":"D. Doolan, S. Tabirca","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418829","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418829","url":null,"abstract":"The very mention of the words \"mobile application \" one almost always thinks of \"Java\". Just about every mobile phone that is currently produced has a Java Virtual Machine as standard. Object Orientation is one of the key features of Java language. Is Object Orientation under the mobile environment more of a hinderance than a help? How does an Object Orientated solution compare to a more structured approach. How does the constant need for call methods compare with the Mining of the method functions themselves. How much of an advantage is Fixed Point Integer notation over double or floating point values in terms of computation speed and accuracy. These are some of the questions we wish to answer, by giving practical results from the domain of fractal generation.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125429547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418831
J. Vrabec, G. Rozinaj
In this paper we describe a proposal of a multimedia kiosk that can be used to provide diverse information to the wide public. We propose two versions of the intelligent kiosk. First version is placed on public places and offer three-dimensional human head displayed on a large display that gives information about city, institutions, weather, etc. It is a system with integrated microphone array, camera and touch screen as an input and two displays and loudspeakers as the output. Speech recognized question for some information will be transformed into an answer using database or internet and then visually and acoustically displayed to the costumer with help of robust multilingual speech synthesizer and powerful graphical engine. The second flexible version, even if with limited functionality, is the concept of mobile phone used as a multimedia terminal for access to different information.
{"title":"IQ Kiosk - multimedia intelligent terminal","authors":"J. Vrabec, G. Rozinaj","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418831","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we describe a proposal of a multimedia kiosk that can be used to provide diverse information to the wide public. We propose two versions of the intelligent kiosk. First version is placed on public places and offer three-dimensional human head displayed on a large display that gives information about city, institutions, weather, etc. It is a system with integrated microphone array, camera and touch screen as an input and two displays and loudspeakers as the output. Speech recognized question for some information will be transformed into an answer using database or internet and then visually and acoustically displayed to the costumer with help of robust multilingual speech synthesizer and powerful graphical engine. The second flexible version, even if with limited functionality, is the concept of mobile phone used as a multimedia terminal for access to different information.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123598004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418826
A. Tihanyi
Mobile telephone systems have made a great progress in general, but deaf people are practically excluded from the benefits of mobiles. Some cases the information flow is available only in the form of human speech. Our aim was to develop a new communication aid for deaf users. Our system directly converts the audio speech signal into the video of animated face, so the deaf users can receive voice messages by lip-reading. Our system was implemented and tested in a PC environment earlier. This paper reports on the implementation on mobile phones. The implementation problems and the potential steps for further improvements are also discussed.deaf users.
{"title":"Mobile multimedia application for deaf users","authors":"A. Tihanyi","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418826","url":null,"abstract":"Mobile telephone systems have made a great progress in general, but deaf people are practically excluded from the benefits of mobiles. Some cases the information flow is available only in the form of human speech. Our aim was to develop a new communication aid for deaf users. Our system directly converts the audio speech signal into the video of animated face, so the deaf users can receive voice messages by lip-reading. Our system was implemented and tested in a PC environment earlier. This paper reports on the implementation on mobile phones. The implementation problems and the potential steps for further improvements are also discussed.deaf users.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122319387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418838
N. Hadziahmetovic, M. Milisic, M.A. Dokic, M. Hadzialic
The problem of estimating the Nakagami-m distribution parameters in noisy slowly fading channels is studied. Previous published works have mainly examined estimation based on faded samples, not including phase fluctuations, shadow fading and additive noise. In this paper, a system model which uses samples corrupted by multipath and shadow fading, phase fluctuations and noise is examined. Expressions for the probability density function and n-th order moment of noisy channel samples are presented. Moment-based estimator for operation in noisy environments is developed based on presented probability density function. The sample mean and variance of the estimator are determined. Numerical results show that this estimator has better performances then previously published estimators treating noisy samples, and superior performances over estimators designed for noiseless samples in applications where noise is present.
{"title":"Estimation of nakagami distribution parameters based on signal samples corrupted with multiplicative and additive disturbances","authors":"N. Hadziahmetovic, M. Milisic, M.A. Dokic, M. Hadzialic","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418838","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of estimating the Nakagami-m distribution parameters in noisy slowly fading channels is studied. Previous published works have mainly examined estimation based on faded samples, not including phase fluctuations, shadow fading and additive noise. In this paper, a system model which uses samples corrupted by multipath and shadow fading, phase fluctuations and noise is examined. Expressions for the probability density function and n-th order moment of noisy channel samples are presented. Moment-based estimator for operation in noisy environments is developed based on presented probability density function. The sample mean and variance of the estimator are determined. Numerical results show that this estimator has better performances then previously published estimators treating noisy samples, and superior performances over estimators designed for noiseless samples in applications where noise is present.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116217397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418796
O. Nemcic, M. Vranješ, S. Rimac-Drlje
brief overview of H.264/AVC and MPEG-4 Part 2 standards is given in this paper with focus on differences between them. Experimental quality comparison of H.264/AVC and MPEG-2 Part 2 coded video is done for several sequences and bit rates. The codecs used in the experiment are JVT JM ver. 10.2, as implementation of H.264/AVC, andXviD ver. 1.1.0, as implementation of MPEG-4 Part 2. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and video quality model (VQM) are used as objective quality metrics. The results obtained show that JVT JM codec outperforms XviD codec both in objective and subjective quality.
本文简要介绍了H.264/AVC和MPEG-4 Part 2标准，并着重分析了它们之间的区别。对H.264/AVC和MPEG-2 Part 2编码视频在不同序列和码率下的质量进行了实验比较。实验中使用的编解码器为JVT、jmver。10.2，作为H.264/AVC的实现，以及xvid版本。1.1.0，作为MPEG-4第2部分的实现。采用峰值信噪比(PSNR)和视频质量模型(VQM)作为客观质量指标。结果表明，JVT JM编解码器在客观质量和主观质量上都优于XviD编解码器。
{"title":"Comparison of H.264/AVC and MPEG-4 part 2 coded video","authors":"O. Nemcic, M. Vranješ, S. Rimac-Drlje","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418796","url":null,"abstract":"brief overview of H.264/AVC and MPEG-4 Part 2 standards is given in this paper with focus on differences between them. Experimental quality comparison of H.264/AVC and MPEG-2 Part 2 coded video is done for several sequences and bit rates. The codecs used in the experiment are JVT JM ver. 10.2, as implementation of H.264/AVC, andXviD ver. 1.1.0, as implementation of MPEG-4 Part 2. The peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and video quality model (VQM) are used as objective quality metrics. The results obtained show that JVT JM codec outperforms XviD codec both in objective and subjective quality.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129516539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418839
T. Peter, B. Peter
Telecommunication market is based on a demand and supply of new more and more attractive services. Telecommunication companies develop and offer new reliable broadband multimedia and interactive services for users no matter they are fixed or mobile, situated in areas with or without high communication infrastructure or use a small handheld or desktop end terminal. In order to fulfill those requirements satellite systems are also incorporated in global communications systems. Last fifteen years are also characterised by the increased effort in a nongeostacionary satellite area. New satellite constellations on lower earth orbits have been proposed and developed. This paper is oriented in a comparison of satellite systems utilising low and medium Earth orbits. The comparison is realised based on delays of the packets transmitted over these systems.
{"title":"Analysis and comparison of leo and meo satellite networks","authors":"T. Peter, B. Peter","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418839","url":null,"abstract":"Telecommunication market is based on a demand and supply of new more and more attractive services. Telecommunication companies develop and offer new reliable broadband multimedia and interactive services for users no matter they are fixed or mobile, situated in areas with or without high communication infrastructure or use a small handheld or desktop end terminal. In order to fulfill those requirements satellite systems are also incorporated in global communications systems. Last fifteen years are also characterised by the increased effort in a nongeostacionary satellite area. New satellite constellations on lower earth orbits have been proposed and developed. This paper is oriented in a comparison of satellite systems utilising low and medium Earth orbits. The comparison is realised based on delays of the packets transmitted over these systems.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"175 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114066635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418814
N. Behlilovic, M. Hadzialic, P. Begovic
In this paper, an approach to techno-economical analysis of using PLC technology (power line communications), in broadband access networks, is presented. After short comparative analysis of relevant techno-economical attributes of different technological solutions for realization of broadband access network, basic elements of PLC solution techno-economical analysis, are more specific defined. Regarding proposed algorithm, which helps making better decision, the part of distribution power network in Sarajevo was analysed, in the purpose of implementing concrete PLC broadband access network, on that area. In this paper, we made our own models of PLC access networks, based on relevant statistical analysis and local topography. This approach enables number prediction of potential users, without losing reliability. All of this has the purpose creating more realistic presumption about cost efficiency in using PLC technology, on specific LV (low voltage) network.
{"title":"An approach to techno-economical analysis for PLC broadband access telecommunication networks","authors":"N. Behlilovic, M. Hadzialic, P. Begovic","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418814","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an approach to techno-economical analysis of using PLC technology (power line communications), in broadband access networks, is presented. After short comparative analysis of relevant techno-economical attributes of different technological solutions for realization of broadband access network, basic elements of PLC solution techno-economical analysis, are more specific defined. Regarding proposed algorithm, which helps making better decision, the part of distribution power network in Sarajevo was analysed, in the purpose of implementing concrete PLC broadband access network, on that area. In this paper, we made our own models of PLC access networks, based on relevant statistical analysis and local topography. This approach enables number prediction of potential users, without losing reliability. All of this has the purpose creating more realistic presumption about cost efficiency in using PLC technology, on specific LV (low voltage) network.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133652948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418803
T. Kos, R. Filjar, I. Markežić
Space weather is a common name for the group of physical and chemical processes taking place in the vast space between the Sun and the Earth. Caused primarily by the solar activity, those processes create a flow of materia and energy. When directed to the Earth and its surroundings, this flow disrupts magnetic and ionospheric conditions, affecting numerous technical systems that utilise characteristic of electromagnetic waves propagation. Satellite positioning systems are among technical systems affected by space weather conditions. The impact of space weather and ionospheric disturbances is especially pronounced in periods of severe solar activity. Numerous attempts have been performed in order to model satellite positioning error in relation to space weather, with limited application to certain special cases. Here a theoretical model is presented that represents the relation between characteristic parameters of space weather, ionosphere and GPS positioning error.
{"title":"Theoretical model of space weather impact on GPS ionospheric delay","authors":"T. Kos, R. Filjar, I. Markežić","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418803","url":null,"abstract":"Space weather is a common name for the group of physical and chemical processes taking place in the vast space between the Sun and the Earth. Caused primarily by the solar activity, those processes create a flow of materia and energy. When directed to the Earth and its surroundings, this flow disrupts magnetic and ionospheric conditions, affecting numerous technical systems that utilise characteristic of electromagnetic waves propagation. Satellite positioning systems are among technical systems affected by space weather conditions. The impact of space weather and ionospheric disturbances is especially pronounced in periods of severe solar activity. Numerous attempts have been performed in order to model satellite positioning error in relation to space weather, with limited application to certain special cases. Here a theoretical model is presented that represents the relation between characteristic parameters of space weather, ionosphere and GPS positioning error.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133573845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2007-09-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418825
M. Nagy, G. Rozinaj, A. Palenik
Pitch period estimation (also called fundamental frequency estimation) is widely needed in speech processing for many purposes. In our system for prosodic modification of speech, the pitch period estimation is used as a basis for frame length detection. The pitch period estimation method used in the system is a hybrid method that is based on YIN fundamental frequency estimation algorithm and a method for fundamental frequency detection on magnitude of the speech signal. The experiments show, that the method is useful in sinusoidal modeling domain, as in other domains, too.
{"title":"A hybrid pitch period estimation method based on HNM model","authors":"M. Nagy, G. Rozinaj, A. Palenik","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418825","url":null,"abstract":"Pitch period estimation (also called fundamental frequency estimation) is widely needed in speech processing for many purposes. In our system for prosodic modification of speech, the pitch period estimation is used as a basis for frame length detection. The pitch period estimation method used in the system is a hybrid method that is based on YIN fundamental frequency estimation algorithm and a method for fundamental frequency detection on magnitude of the speech signal. The experiments show, that the method is useful in sinusoidal modeling domain, as in other domains, too.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122340563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418794
I. Senji, Z. Kalafatić
This paper describes an implementation of particle filter tracker based on condensation algorithm. The filter processes measurements as they become available in a standard predict-update loop. The prediction phase uses the available dynamic model to predict the probability density function in the next time step, by applying both the deterministic and stochastic component of the model to all samples. In the update phase the new measurement is used to update the probability density function by updating the weight of each sample. The goal of this work was to investigate the possibilities of object tracking without learning a dynamic motion model. Changes to the basic algorithm have been implemented that can help to improve the tracking performance by using more than one motion model and more than one predict-update iteration per measurement.
{"title":"Tracking objects using particle filters","authors":"I. Senji, Z. Kalafatić","doi":"10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ELMAR.2007.4418794","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an implementation of particle filter tracker based on condensation algorithm. The filter processes measurements as they become available in a standard predict-update loop. The prediction phase uses the available dynamic model to predict the probability density function in the next time step, by applying both the deterministic and stochastic component of the model to all samples. In the update phase the new measurement is used to update the probability density function by updating the weight of each sample. The goal of this work was to investigate the possibilities of object tracking without learning a dynamic motion model. Changes to the basic algorithm have been implemented that can help to improve the tracking performance by using more than one motion model and more than one predict-update iteration per measurement.","PeriodicalId":170000,"journal":{"name":"ELMAR 2007","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128542684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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