{"title":"From the Chief Editor's Desk","authors":"E. Board","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.26","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p>.</jats:p>","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80933867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
COVID 19 pandemic has had a significant impact on social, physical, mental and financial aspects of human life. Among the sickness and despair experienced for last more than a year, COVID vaccination is a ray of hope. The uptake of COVID vaccines has remained low. The government, institutions as well healthcare professionals should take this responsibility of promoting vaccination. A strong will and simple nudges are what it takes to fight the menace of the COVID pandemic.
{"title":"COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Pakistan: No Time to Err","authors":"Sarosh Saleem","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.20","url":null,"abstract":"COVID 19 pandemic has had a significant impact on social, physical, mental and financial aspects of human life. Among the sickness and despair experienced for last more than a year, COVID vaccination is a ray of hope. The uptake of COVID vaccines has remained low. The government, institutions as well healthcare professionals should take this responsibility of promoting vaccination. A strong will and simple nudges are what it takes to fight the menace of the COVID pandemic.","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80461267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Nephrotoxicity of ibuprofen is a growing international public health problem in the wake of excessive use of the drug for the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases in both adults and pediatric patients. Objectives: To present an overview of the protective effect of the green tea on ibuprofen-induced changes in the biochemical markers of the adult rat kidneys. Methods: It is an experimental study conducted in the department of Anatomy, Army Medical College Rawalpindi. The investigation was led on 30 male and non-pregnant female Sprague Dawley rodents of 9-11 weeks old enough and going in weight from 200-330 gm. The animals were divided into three groups consisting of 10 animals each; group A served as control, each animal in group B was given ibuprofen at a dose of 120 mg/kg/day and each animal in group C was given both green tea at a dose of 1ml/100g/day and Ibuprofen 120mg/kg body weight for a period of 9 weeks. Ibuprofen manufactured by Abbot Laboratories (Pvt.) Limited was utilized. Green tea was obtained from local market. Data was collected at the end of experimental period and was analyzed using SPSS version 22. One Way ANOVA was exerted, afterwards by post-hoc Tukey test to find out intergroup differences for quantitative variables. The results were depicted as mean ± standard deviation (mean ± SD). A p value < 0.05 was believed significant. Results: Green tea administration had a significantly favorable effect on serum urea (mg/dl) (Group A=21.9 ± 2.8, Group B=93.2 ± 3.9, Group C=36.4± 3.0; p<0.001) and serum creatinine (mg/dl) (Group A=0.9 ± 0.22, Group B=2.4± 0.52, Group C=0.97 ± 0.3; p<0.001). Conclusions: Green tea had ameliorative effects on the ibuprofen-induced changes in the biochemical markers of the adult rat kidneys.
{"title":"Protective Effect of Commercial Green Tea on Ibuprofen Induced Changes in Renal Function Tests of Adult Rats","authors":"A. Gul, Muhammad Bahadur Baloch","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nephrotoxicity of ibuprofen is a growing international public health problem in the wake of excessive use of the drug for the treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases in both adults and pediatric patients.\u0000Objectives: To present an overview of the protective effect of the green tea on ibuprofen-induced changes in the biochemical markers of the adult rat kidneys.\u0000Methods: It is an experimental study conducted in the department of Anatomy, Army Medical College Rawalpindi. The investigation was led on 30 male and non-pregnant female Sprague Dawley rodents of 9-11 weeks old enough and going in weight from 200-330 gm. The animals were divided into three groups consisting of 10 animals each; group A served as control, each animal in group B was given ibuprofen at a dose of 120 mg/kg/day and each animal in group C was given both green tea at a dose of 1ml/100g/day and Ibuprofen 120mg/kg body weight for a period of 9 weeks. Ibuprofen manufactured by Abbot Laboratories (Pvt.) Limited was utilized. Green tea was obtained from local market. Data was collected at the end of experimental period and was analyzed using SPSS version 22. One Way ANOVA was exerted, afterwards by post-hoc Tukey test to find out intergroup differences for quantitative variables. The results were depicted as mean ± standard deviation (mean ± SD). A p value < 0.05 was believed significant.\u0000Results: Green tea administration had a significantly favorable effect on serum urea (mg/dl) (Group A=21.9 ± 2.8, Group B=93.2 ± 3.9, Group C=36.4± 3.0; p<0.001) and serum creatinine (mg/dl) (Group A=0.9 ± 0.22, Group B=2.4± 0.52, Group C=0.97 ± 0.3; p<0.001).\u0000Conclusions: Green tea had ameliorative effects on the ibuprofen-induced changes in the biochemical markers of the adult rat kidneys.","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89582793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hypertriglyceridemia is third prevailing cause of acute pancreatitis after biliary and alcoholic etiology. It accounts for 1 to 4% cases of pancreatitis. Present case describes a thirty years old diabetic male, who presented in emergency with pain in the abdomen and yellow discoloration of the skin. He was admitted with suspicion of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), but no improvement was seen after DKA treatment. His laboratory investigations showed normal serum amylase levels and dyslipidemia with raised serum triglycerides levels. He was diagnosed as acute pancreatitis secondary to hypertriglyceridemia, which is considered as a rare cause of acute pancreatitis.
{"title":"Hypertriglyceridemia Induced Pancreatitis Treated with Medical Management without Plasmapheresis","authors":"Ushna Naveed, Aneela Iqbal","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.13","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertriglyceridemia is third prevailing cause of acute pancreatitis after biliary and alcoholic etiology. It accounts for 1 to 4% cases of pancreatitis. Present case describes a thirty years old diabetic male, who presented in emergency with pain in the abdomen and yellow discoloration of the skin. He was admitted with suspicion of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), but no improvement was seen after DKA treatment. His laboratory investigations showed normal serum amylase levels and dyslipidemia with raised serum triglycerides levels. He was diagnosed as acute pancreatitis secondary to hypertriglyceridemia, which is considered as a rare cause of acute pancreatitis.","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87877990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: People suffering from imposter syndrome despite being competent consider themselves less skillful and incapable. Such individuals are also more prone to regret their choice of career with consequent early drop out, experience burnout, more prone to medical errors, absenteeism and low job satisfaction. The current study aims to determine the difference in the characteristics of imposter syndrome in dental students of preclinical and clinical phase and its gender predisposition. Objectives: 1. To find out the frequency and characteristics of imposter syndrome among dental students. 2. To evaluate the differences in the characteristics of imposter syndrome among dental students of preclinical and clinical year. 3. To determine gender predisposition of imposter syndrome among dental students. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 dental students of CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College. A validated questionnaire (Clance IP Scale) containing 20 items with 5-point Likert scale was used to collect data by convenient sampling technique. The characteristics of IP were determined by adding the scores of all items. Descriptive statistics were done, chi-square applied, p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: One hundred and thirty-eight students filled the IP Scale. The frequency of imposter syndrome is found to be 52.1% among Dental Students. Majority (72) of the dental students have frequent to intense imposter feelings. There is non-significant difference in the IP characteristics of male and female students. No significant difference in the characteristics of imposter syndrome is found between dental students of preclinical and clinical year. Conclusions: There frequency of imposter syndrome is high among Dental students. Non-significant difference in the IP characteristics is found between male and female students as well as students of preclinical and clinical year.
背景:尽管有能力，但患有冒名顶替综合症的人认为自己不够熟练和无能。这些人也更容易后悔自己的职业选择，因此早早辍学，经历倦怠，更容易出现医疗差错，缺勤和低工作满意度。本研究旨在探讨牙科学生临床前与临床阶段冒名顶替综合症的特征差异及其性别易感性。目的:1。目的了解牙科学生冒名顶替综合征的发生频率及特点。2. 目的:评价临床前与临床年级牙科学生冒名顶替综合征特征的差异。3.目的探讨牙科学生冒名顶替综合症的性别易感性。方法:对拉合尔医学院牙科专业138名学生进行横断面调查。采用有效问卷(Clance IP Scale)，共20项，李克特5分量表，采用方便抽样法收集数据。通过将所有项目的得分相加来确定IP的特征。进行描述性统计，采用卡方法，p值<0.05为显著性。结果:138名学生填写了IP量表。冒名顶替者综合征的发生率为52.1%。大多数(72)牙科学生有频繁或强烈的冒名顶替感。男女学生的知识产权特征差异不显著。冒名顶替者综合征的特征在临床前和临床年牙科学生之间无显著差异。结论:冒名顶替综合征在牙科学生中发生率较高。男女学生、临床前年级和临床年级学生的IP特征差异无统计学意义。
{"title":"Difference in the Characteristics of Imposter Syndrome in Dental Students of Preclinical and Clinical Phase","authors":"Munsara Khalid Khan, K. Khan","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: People suffering from imposter syndrome despite being competent consider themselves less skillful and incapable. Such individuals are also more prone to regret their choice of career with consequent early drop out, experience burnout, more prone to medical errors, absenteeism and low job satisfaction. The current study aims to determine the difference in the characteristics of imposter syndrome in dental students of preclinical and clinical phase and its gender predisposition.\u0000Objectives: 1. To find out the frequency and characteristics of imposter syndrome among dental students. 2. To evaluate the differences in the characteristics of imposter syndrome among dental students of preclinical and clinical year. 3. To determine gender predisposition of imposter syndrome among dental students.\u0000Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 138 dental students of CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College. A validated questionnaire (Clance IP Scale) containing 20 items with 5-point Likert scale was used to collect data by convenient sampling technique. The characteristics of IP were determined by adding the scores of all items. Descriptive statistics were done, chi-square applied, p-value <0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: One hundred and thirty-eight students filled the IP Scale. The frequency of imposter syndrome is found to be 52.1% among Dental Students. Majority (72) of the dental students have frequent to intense imposter feelings. There is non-significant difference in the IP characteristics of male and female students. No significant difference in the characteristics of imposter syndrome is found between dental students of preclinical and clinical year.\u0000Conclusions: There frequency of imposter syndrome is high among Dental students. Non-significant difference in the IP characteristics is found between male and female students as well as students of preclinical and clinical year.","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86360949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contact Tracing: A Forgotten Tool?","authors":"M. Tarar, Saadia Shahzad","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.18","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73985809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Farooq, M. Raza, Zoofishan Imran, Fatima Zulfiqar, Fareeha Gul, H. Altaf
Background: Inadequate child feeding practices lead to malnutrition, higher under-five mortality rates and adverse effects on quality of life. This study aimed to assess the breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices of mothers as well as the influence of various sociodemographic factors on them in local families of Lahore. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. It was conducted in CMH (Combined Military Hospital), Lahore in 2018. It comprises a sample of 203 mothers with children of at least two years of age, from various urban areas of Lahore. The subjects were selected on the basis of the inclusion criteria. Mothers with psychiatric illnesses and children with congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. Mothers were approached in the paediatric outpatient departments of four tertiary care hospitals of Lahore. Responses were recorded using a modified version of the Action Contre La Faim (ACF) questionnaire. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were applied for analysis of the data. Results: Early initiation of breastfeeding within one hour from birth was observed in 83.3% children. Most children were administered colostrum (69.5%). The rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months was 45.3%. A child was being breastfed 8.21 ± 6.67 (mean ± SD) times a day. Maternal educational status, total number of adults in a household, and access to free healthcare were identified as important factors influencing the practice of breastfeeding. Porridge, khichdi, eggs, fruit and yoghurt were the most frequently used complementary foods. Conclusions: A high rate of an early start of breastfeeding and a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months were predominant in our population. Administration of colostrum was observed in approximately two-thirds of the study participants. Education of the mother, type of the family system (nuclear or combined), and access to free healthcare strongly influence the breastfeeding practices.
{"title":"Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices among Mothers in Lahore, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"F. Farooq, M. Raza, Zoofishan Imran, Fatima Zulfiqar, Fareeha Gul, H. Altaf","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v2i1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Inadequate child feeding practices lead to malnutrition, higher under-five mortality rates and adverse effects on quality of life. This study aimed to assess the breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices of mothers as well as the influence of various sociodemographic factors on them in local families of Lahore.\u0000Methods: This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study. It was conducted in CMH (Combined Military Hospital), Lahore in 2018. It comprises a sample of 203 mothers with children of at least two years of age, from various urban areas of Lahore. The subjects were selected on the basis of the inclusion criteria. Mothers with psychiatric illnesses and children with congenital anomalies were excluded from the study. Mothers were approached in the paediatric outpatient departments of four tertiary care hospitals of Lahore. Responses were recorded using a modified version of the Action Contre La Faim (ACF) questionnaire. Independent sample t-test and chi-square test were applied for analysis of the data.\u0000Results: Early initiation of breastfeeding within one hour from birth was observed in 83.3% children. Most children were administered colostrum (69.5%). The rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months was 45.3%. A child was being breastfed 8.21 ± 6.67 (mean ± SD) times a day. Maternal educational status, total number of adults in a household, and access to free healthcare were identified as important factors influencing the practice of breastfeeding. Porridge, khichdi, eggs, fruit and yoghurt were the most frequently used complementary foods.\u0000Conclusions: A high rate of an early start of breastfeeding and a low rate of exclusive breastfeeding for at least six months were predominant in our population. Administration of colostrum was observed in approximately two-thirds of the study participants. Education of the mother, type of the family system (nuclear or combined), and access to free healthcare strongly influence the breastfeeding practices.","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87162802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The burden of disease due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Pakistan is on the rise. According to an estimate approximately 0.165 million people in Pakistan are infected with HIV and 17,149 person are currently receiving treatment for HIV/AIDS. The prevalence of HIV is 20% for intravenous Drug Users (IVDUs) while national surveillance data shows rate of infection in most major cities in range of 15-50%. In light of such alarming figures, distribution of resources and stigmatization are two ethical issues that gain attention of not only healthcare providers but also patients. Following is a case with discussion on these ethical issues.
{"title":"Stigmatization and Resources Allocation-Ethical Dilemmas for HIV Positive Intravenous Drug Users","authors":"Sarosh Saleem, Maryam Riaz Tarar","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v1i2.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v1i2.69","url":null,"abstract":"The burden of disease due to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Pakistan is on the rise. According to an estimate approximately 0.165 million people in Pakistan are infected with HIV and 17,149 person are currently receiving treatment for HIV/AIDS. The prevalence of HIV is 20% for intravenous Drug Users (IVDUs) while national surveillance data shows rate of infection in most major cities in range of 15-50%. In light of such alarming figures, distribution of resources and stigmatization are two ethical issues that gain attention of not only healthcare providers but also patients. Following is a case with discussion on these ethical issues.","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81041942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A benign smooth muscle fibroid was found in urethra. The tumor can be seen in females of reproductive age group with a peak incidence reported at 41 years. The rarity is supported by less than a hundred cases reported in literature. Case presentation: In this case report a 48 year old woman presented to us with incontinence and poor urinary stream and was found to have a urethral leiomyoma. The lesion was enucleated and dead space closed. Patients made a smooth postoperative recovery. Conclusion: Urethral leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor affecting females of reproductive years of life. The clinical diagnosis can be aided by endoscopic or radiological investigation. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment with a low Risk of recurrence.
{"title":"Urethral Leiomyoma: A Benign Smooth Muscle Tumor in Female Urethra","authors":"N. Hameed, Binyamin Butt","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v1i2.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v1i2.71","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A benign smooth muscle fibroid was found in urethra. The tumor can be seen in females of reproductive age group with a peak incidence reported at 41 years. The rarity is supported by less than a hundred cases reported in literature. \u0000Case presentation: In this case report a 48 year old woman presented to us with incontinence and poor urinary stream and was found to have a urethral leiomyoma. The lesion was enucleated and dead space closed. Patients made a smooth postoperative recovery. \u0000Conclusion: Urethral leiomyoma is a rare benign tumor affecting females of reproductive years of life. The clinical diagnosis can be aided by endoscopic or radiological investigation. Surgical excision is the preferred treatment with a low Risk of recurrence.","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82685343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Kamal, Rozina Arshad, Bilal Bin Younis, RA Ahmed, zakia noureen, Muhammad Ahmad
Background: The prevalence of T2DM is around 7-10%. Control of diabetes and factors influencing it in thirdworld countries need to be clearly defined as most of the people have poor glycemic control. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted and purposive sampling was done to collect data for 5 months. Atotal of 766 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled who visited SiDER (Sakina Institute of Diabetes and EndocrineResearch Center) at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Only pre-diagnosed diabetic subjects with a random bloodglucose of more than 200mg/dl at two occasions and fasting blood glucose levels more than 126mg/dl were includedin the study. Variables like Body Mass Index (BMI), Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR) were recorded. The data was analyzed by SPSS 22 version. Results: A total of 766 diabetics were recruited in the study out of which 40.3% were male and 59.7% werefemales. The mean age was 48.72±10.43 years. Out of these 53.39% were obese, 32.64% were overweight and only13.97% had a normal body mass index BMI). HbA1c levels in the sample population showed that only 13.05% hadvery healthy control i.e. 7% or less. There was a positive co-relation between Body Mass Indexand glycemiccontrol. However there was no statistically significant relation between Basal Metabolic Rateand glycemic control. Conclusion: People with high Body Mass Index were found to have suboptimal glycemic control. It was alsoobserved that higher percentage of diabetic patients fall in age group of 41-55 years. More powerful studies areneeded to establish a relation between glycated hemoglobin and Basal Metabolic Rate.
{"title":"Control of Type II Diabetes, Its Relationship with Obesity and Basal Metabolic Rate","authors":"F. Kamal, Rozina Arshad, Bilal Bin Younis, RA Ahmed, zakia noureen, Muhammad Ahmad","doi":"10.53685/jshmdc.v1i1.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53685/jshmdc.v1i1.32","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of T2DM is around 7-10%. Control of diabetes and factors influencing it in thirdworld countries need to be clearly defined as most of the people have poor glycemic control.\u0000Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted and purposive sampling was done to collect data for 5 months. Atotal of 766 type 2 diabetic patients were enrolled who visited SiDER (Sakina Institute of Diabetes and EndocrineResearch Center) at Shalamar Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Only pre-diagnosed diabetic subjects with a random bloodglucose of more than 200mg/dl at two occasions and fasting blood glucose levels more than 126mg/dl were includedin the study. Variables like Body Mass Index (BMI), Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR) were recorded. The data was analyzed by SPSS 22 version.\u0000Results: A total of 766 diabetics were recruited in the study out of which 40.3% were male and 59.7% werefemales. The mean age was 48.72±10.43 years. Out of these 53.39% were obese, 32.64% were overweight and only13.97% had a normal body mass index BMI). HbA1c levels in the sample population showed that only 13.05% hadvery healthy control i.e. 7% or less. There was a positive co-relation between Body Mass Indexand glycemiccontrol. However there was no statistically significant relation between Basal Metabolic Rateand glycemic control.\u0000Conclusion: People with high Body Mass Index were found to have suboptimal glycemic control. It was alsoobserved that higher percentage of diabetic patients fall in age group of 41-55 years. More powerful studies areneeded to establish a relation between glycated hemoglobin and Basal Metabolic Rate.","PeriodicalId":17050,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Shalamar Medical & Dental College - JSHMDC","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88740080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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