Landon S. Deru, Cameron G. Jacobsen, Elizabeth Z. Gipson, Parker G. Graves, Andrew J. Stevens, Garrett B. Duncan, William F. Christensen, Bruce W. Bailey
SummaryUtilizing a randomized control design, 42 healthy adults (22.5 ± 2.8 years) participated in alternate‐day modified fasting over a 12‐day treatment period. Assessments of sleep included sleep time, efficiency, latency and wake after sleep onset, and assessments of physical activity included steps, energy expenditure, sedentary time, time spent in light physical activity and time spent in moderate‐to‐vigorous activity. Additional measurements included body composition and mood. The alternate‐day modified fasting group consumed 25.8% ± 0.3% fewer calories compared with the control group (p = 0.03). There were no differences between groups for change in body mass index (p = 0.87), total fat mass (p = 0.91) or total lean mass (p = 0.88). Daily energy expenditure did not differ between groups (p = 0.11). On fast days, participants spent 34.5 ± 12.7 more minutes sedentary (p = 0.01), took 1100 ± 362 fewer steps (p < 0.01), and engaged in 27.2 ± 8.4 fewer minutes of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (p = 0.00) compared with non‐fasting days. Sleep duration, efficiency, latency or wake after sleep onset were not different between conditions (p = 0.92, p = 0.10, p = 0.09 and p = 0.66, respectively). We conclude that alternate‐day modified fasting does not alter sleep time, efficiency, latency or wake after sleep onset in people reporting poor sleep quality, and does not alter overall physical activity. Although average daily physical activity is not altered, fasting in this manner does tend to result in more sedentary time and less physical activity with compensation on non‐fasting days.
{"title":"The effects of alternate‐day fasting on sleep and physical activity in poor sleeping adults: A randomized control trial","authors":"Landon S. Deru, Cameron G. Jacobsen, Elizabeth Z. Gipson, Parker G. Graves, Andrew J. Stevens, Garrett B. Duncan, William F. Christensen, Bruce W. Bailey","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14341","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryUtilizing a randomized control design, 42 healthy adults (22.5 ± 2.8 years) participated in alternate‐day modified fasting over a 12‐day treatment period. Assessments of sleep included sleep time, efficiency, latency and wake after sleep onset, and assessments of physical activity included steps, energy expenditure, sedentary time, time spent in light physical activity and time spent in moderate‐to‐vigorous activity. Additional measurements included body composition and mood. The alternate‐day modified fasting group consumed 25.8% ± 0.3% fewer calories compared with the control group (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.03). There were no differences between groups for change in body mass index (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.87), total fat mass (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.91) or total lean mass (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.88). Daily energy expenditure did not differ between groups (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.11). On fast days, participants spent 34.5 ± 12.7 more minutes sedentary (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.01), took 1100 ± 362 fewer steps (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.01), and engaged in 27.2 ± 8.4 fewer minutes of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.00) compared with non‐fasting days. Sleep duration, efficiency, latency or wake after sleep onset were not different between conditions (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.92, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.10, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.09 and <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.66, respectively). We conclude that alternate‐day modified fasting does not alter sleep time, efficiency, latency or wake after sleep onset in people reporting poor sleep quality, and does not alter overall physical activity. Although average daily physical activity is not altered, fasting in this manner does tend to result in more sedentary time and less physical activity with compensation on non‐fasting days.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liborio Parrino, Francesco Rausa, Giulia Balella, Dario Bottignole, Ivana Rosenzweig, Carlotta Mutti
SummaryThis article aims at providing a comprehensive review of the historical discovery and following research on rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, highlighting its manifold nature as a behavioural, electrophysiological and dreaming state. Pioneering works conducted by Aserinsky, Kleitman, Dement and Jouvet established the foundational understanding of REM sleep recurrence, brainstem mechanisms, and the paradoxical coexistence of electroencephalographic activation and muscle atonia. We focus on REM sleep homeostasis, emphasising its role in emotional recovery and the consequences of REM deprivation, such as the REM rebound effect. We also analyse the periodicity of REM sleep, its ultradian rhythm, and the physiological mechanisms underlying its regulation. Additionally, the article discusses the entangled relationship between arousals, sleep, and consciousness, pointing out the distinction between non‐REM and REM sleep‐related arousals, and the similarities between REM sleep and wakefulness.
{"title":"The 70 years since the discovery of rapid eye movement sleep: history, electroencephalographic features and unsolved issues","authors":"Liborio Parrino, Francesco Rausa, Giulia Balella, Dario Bottignole, Ivana Rosenzweig, Carlotta Mutti","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14342","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThis article aims at providing a comprehensive review of the historical discovery and following research on rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, highlighting its manifold nature as a behavioural, electrophysiological and dreaming state. Pioneering works conducted by Aserinsky, Kleitman, Dement and Jouvet established the foundational understanding of REM sleep recurrence, brainstem mechanisms, and the paradoxical coexistence of electroencephalographic activation and muscle atonia. We focus on REM sleep homeostasis, emphasising its role in emotional recovery and the consequences of REM deprivation, such as the REM rebound effect. We also analyse the periodicity of REM sleep, its ultradian rhythm, and the physiological mechanisms underlying its regulation. Additionally, the article discusses the entangled relationship between arousals, sleep, and consciousness, pointing out the distinction between non‐REM and REM sleep‐related arousals, and the similarities between REM sleep and wakefulness.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142250943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Simon Lidén, Anna Lindam, Dan Farahmand, Anne‐Marie Landtblom, Katarina Laurell
SummarySleepiness and apathy are often reported in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, research on outcomes after shunt surgery has mainly focused on the classical triad symptoms, that is, gait, cognition, and bladder dysfunction. This study aimed to describe the effects of shunt treatment on excessive daytime sleepiness and whether there was a relation to changes in ventricular volume. Pre‐ and postsurgical excessive daytime sleepiness was investigated using the Epworth sleepiness scale in a sample of 32 patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus who underwent shunt surgery. Data were gathered before surgery and at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery and with different settings of the shunt. In the total sample, the Epworth sleepiness scale improved by a median of 1.5 points at 1 month after surgery, p = 0.026. The improvement was predominately found in the group (n = 6) with high presurgical daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale >12) (median = 12 points, p = 0.035) compared with a median change of 0 points (p = 0.47) in the group with Epworth sleepiness scale ≤12 (n = 26). Between the postsurgical follow‐ups, no further change in the Epworth sleepiness scale score was observed. The Epworth sleepiness scale score did not correlate with clinical tests nor with ventricular volume. Daytime sleepiness seems to be another domain of normal pressure hydrocephalus symptomatology in addition to the classical triad that is responsive to treatment, at least when pronounced. The Epworth sleepiness scale is a quick test to administer and could be a valuable addition to pre‐surgical screening for treatable symptoms.
{"title":"Decrease of excessive daytime sleepiness after shunt treatment for normal pressure hydrocephalus","authors":"Simon Lidén, Anna Lindam, Dan Farahmand, Anne‐Marie Landtblom, Katarina Laurell","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14333","url":null,"abstract":"SummarySleepiness and apathy are often reported in patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus. However, research on outcomes after shunt surgery has mainly focused on the classical triad symptoms, that is, gait, cognition, and bladder dysfunction. This study aimed to describe the effects of shunt treatment on excessive daytime sleepiness and whether there was a relation to changes in ventricular volume. Pre‐ and postsurgical excessive daytime sleepiness was investigated using the Epworth sleepiness scale in a sample of 32 patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus who underwent shunt surgery. Data were gathered before surgery and at 1, 2, and 3 months after surgery and with different settings of the shunt. In the total sample, the Epworth sleepiness scale improved by a median of 1.5 points at 1 month after surgery, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.026. The improvement was predominately found in the group (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 6) with high presurgical daytime sleepiness (Epworth sleepiness scale >12) (median = 12 points, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.035) compared with a median change of 0 points (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.47) in the group with Epworth sleepiness scale ≤12 (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 26). Between the postsurgical follow‐ups, no further change in the Epworth sleepiness scale score was observed. The Epworth sleepiness scale score did not correlate with clinical tests nor with ventricular volume. Daytime sleepiness seems to be another domain of normal pressure hydrocephalus symptomatology in addition to the classical triad that is responsive to treatment, at least when pronounced. The Epworth sleepiness scale is a quick test to administer and could be a valuable addition to pre‐surgical screening for treatable symptoms.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jocelyn Y. Cheng, Daniel Lorch, Nancy Hall, Margaret Moline
SummaryBecause some hypnotics worsen respiratory conditions, it was important to determine the respiratory safety of lemborexant, a competitive dual orexin‐receptor antagonist approved to treat adults with insomnia, in subjects with moderate‐to‐severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. E2006‐A001‐113 (Study 113; NCT04647383) was a multicentre, multiple‐dose, randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, two‐period crossover study in adult subjects with moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (per spirometry‐based Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] criteria). Subjects (N = 30) were randomised to two treatment sequences comprising 8‐night treatment periods (washout ≥ 14 days) with lemborexant 10 mg or placebo. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2; primary endpoint), apnea–hypopnea index, objective sleep parameters and sleep architecture measures were assessed after single (Day 1) and multiple (Day 8) doses. There was no significant difference in least‐squares mean SpO2 after a single dose of lemborexant (91.1%) versus placebo (91.5%). Although a statistically significant difference in SpO2 was observed after multiple doses (least‐squares mean: lemborexant, 91.3%; placebo, 90.8%) favouring lemborexant, this was not considered clinically meaningful. Apnea–hypopnea index was not significantly different between treatments after single or multiple doses. Total sleep time and total rapid eye movement sleep were significantly greater on Days 1 and 8 with lemborexant versus placebo. Treatment‐emergent adverse events were reported in five (16.7%) subjects when taking lemborexant and four (13.3%) subjects when taking placebo; treatment‐emergent adverse events were mostly mild. Lemborexant was well tolerated and did not adversely impact SpO2 or apnea–hypopnea index after single and multiple doses relative to placebo in subjects with moderate‐to‐severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
{"title":"Respiratory safety of lemborexant in adult and elderly subjects with moderate‐to‐severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Jocelyn Y. Cheng, Daniel Lorch, Nancy Hall, Margaret Moline","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14334","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryBecause some hypnotics worsen respiratory conditions, it was important to determine the respiratory safety of lemborexant, a competitive dual orexin‐receptor antagonist approved to treat adults with insomnia, in subjects with moderate‐to‐severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. E2006‐A001‐113 (Study 113; NCT04647383) was a multicentre, multiple‐dose, randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, two‐period crossover study in adult subjects with moderate or severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (per spirometry‐based Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] criteria). Subjects (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 30) were randomised to two treatment sequences comprising 8‐night treatment periods (washout ≥ 14 days) with lemborexant 10 mg or placebo. Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>; primary endpoint), apnea–hypopnea index, objective sleep parameters and sleep architecture measures were assessed after single (Day 1) and multiple (Day 8) doses. There was no significant difference in least‐squares mean SpO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> after a single dose of lemborexant (91.1%) versus placebo (91.5%). Although a statistically significant difference in SpO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> was observed after multiple doses (least‐squares mean: lemborexant, 91.3%; placebo, 90.8%) favouring lemborexant, this was not considered clinically meaningful. Apnea–hypopnea index was not significantly different between treatments after single or multiple doses. Total sleep time and total rapid eye movement sleep were significantly greater on Days 1 and 8 with lemborexant versus placebo. Treatment‐emergent adverse events were reported in five (16.7%) subjects when taking lemborexant and four (13.3%) subjects when taking placebo; treatment‐emergent adverse events were mostly mild. Lemborexant was well tolerated and did not adversely impact SpO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> or apnea–hypopnea index after single and multiple doses relative to placebo in subjects with moderate‐to‐severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SummaryThe present study aimed to characterise the relationship between sleep and interoception in two independent studies. Theoretical grounds for such a relationship include a weak relationship between subjectively‐ and objectively‐measured sleep, the covariance of sleep with pain, as well as the mass regulation of a number of visceral biological systems. In addition, such a relationship is often reflected in our language (i.e., ‘feeling’ tired). In both studies (Study 1: N = 118, 73% female, mean age 20.98 years; Study 2: N = 830, 49% female, mean age 38.04 years) sleep over the last month was self‐reported. Confidence in interoceptive accuracy, which is the precision with which a person can monitor visceral signals, was measured using the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale, while interoceptive attention, which is the dispositional tendency to attend to bodily signals, was measured using the Body Perception Questionnaire. Study 1 revealed a relationship between long sleep latency and low confidence in interoceptive accuracy (β = −0.222, p = 0.021) and poor sleep quality and less interoceptive attention (β = −0.226, p = 0.016). Study 2 replicated these results as well as made clear a more general pattern whereby poor sleep—characterised by short duration, poor quality, less efficiency, long latency, and more frequent nighttime awakenings—related to an interoceptive phenotype of less confidence in interoceptive accuracy and more interoceptive attention (all β ≥ 0.047, p ≤ 0.17). In conclusion, results from these two independent studies provide robust cross‐sectional evidence for associations between various dimensions of poor sleep and greater interoceptive attention, but less confidence in interoceptive accuracy.
{"title":"The relationship between sleep and interoception","authors":"Louisa G. Bynum, Ryan C. Brindle","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14337","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThe present study aimed to characterise the relationship between sleep and interoception in two independent studies. Theoretical grounds for such a relationship include a weak relationship between subjectively‐ and objectively‐measured sleep, the covariance of sleep with pain, as well as the mass regulation of a number of visceral biological systems. In addition, such a relationship is often reflected in our language (i.e., ‘feeling’ tired). In both studies (Study 1: <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 118, 73% female, mean age 20.98 years; Study 2: <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 830, 49% female, mean age 38.04 years) sleep over the last month was self‐reported. Confidence in interoceptive accuracy, which is the precision with which a person can monitor visceral signals, was measured using the Interoceptive Accuracy Scale, while interoceptive attention, which is the dispositional tendency to attend to bodily signals, was measured using the Body Perception Questionnaire. Study 1 revealed a relationship between long sleep latency and low confidence in interoceptive accuracy (β = −0.222, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.021) and poor sleep quality and less interoceptive attention (β = −0.226, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.016). Study 2 replicated these results as well as made clear a more general pattern whereby poor sleep—characterised by short duration, poor quality, less efficiency, long latency, and more frequent nighttime awakenings—related to an interoceptive phenotype of less confidence in interoceptive accuracy and more interoceptive attention (all β ≥ 0.047, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> ≤ 0.17). In conclusion, results from these two independent studies provide robust cross‐sectional evidence for associations between various dimensions of poor sleep and greater interoceptive attention, but less confidence in interoceptive accuracy.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142268446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean‐Baptiste Eichenlaub, Romain Bouet, Mathieu Pinelli, Sophie Portrat
SummaryThe present study examined dream habits, and their relation to sleep patterns, in 1151 preteens (597 boys; 554 girls; 11.31 ± 0.62 years old). Dream questionnaires assessed the frequency of dream recall, nightmare, and lucid dream, as well as the intensity of emotions experienced in dreams. Sleep variables included sleep duration and efficiency, but also different measurements of nocturnal awakenings. Among the preteens, 49.21% of them reported that they recalled dreams several times a week or almost every morning over the past few months. In addition, 52.00% of the preteens reported that they experienced nightmares, and 45.48% lucid dreams, less than once a month or never over the past few months. No gender differences were observed in dream variables. Nocturnal awakenings were linked to all dream variables, while sleep duration and sleep efficiency were related to nightmare frequency and emotions in dreams. Importantly, sleep duration and sleep efficiency were not associated with dream recall nor lucid dream frequency, with Bayesian analyses supporting the null hypothesis. These findings offer a comprehensive understanding of preteens’ dreams and their connection to key sleep aspects.
{"title":"Dream habits in a large cohort of preteens and their relation to sleep and nocturnal awakenings","authors":"Jean‐Baptiste Eichenlaub, Romain Bouet, Mathieu Pinelli, Sophie Portrat","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14339","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThe present study examined dream habits, and their relation to sleep patterns, in 1151 preteens (597 boys; 554 girls; 11.31 ± 0.62 years old). Dream questionnaires assessed the frequency of dream recall, nightmare, and lucid dream, as well as the intensity of emotions experienced in dreams. Sleep variables included sleep duration and efficiency, but also different measurements of nocturnal awakenings. Among the preteens, 49.21% of them reported that they recalled dreams <jats:italic>several times a week</jats:italic> or <jats:italic>almost every morning</jats:italic> over the past few months. In addition, 52.00% of the preteens reported that they experienced nightmares, and 45.48% lucid dreams, <jats:italic>less than once a month</jats:italic> or <jats:italic>never</jats:italic> over the past few months. No gender differences were observed in dream variables. Nocturnal awakenings were linked to all dream variables, while sleep duration and sleep efficiency were related to nightmare frequency and emotions in dreams. Importantly, sleep duration and sleep efficiency were not associated with dream recall nor lucid dream frequency, with Bayesian analyses supporting the null hypothesis. These findings offer a comprehensive understanding of preteens’ dreams and their connection to key sleep aspects.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luísa da Costa Lopes, Julia Ribeiro da Silva Vallim, Sergio Tufik, Fernando Louzada, Vânia D'Almeida
SummaryOne of the most striking changes in the regulation of sleep–wake behaviour during adolescence is circadian phase delay. Light exposure synchronises circadian rhythms, impacting sleep regulation, however, the influence of real‐life light exposure on sleep variations remains less clear. We aimed to describe the sleep and light exposure patterns of high school students with comparable schedules and socio‐economic backgrounds, and to evaluate whether there was any association between them, considering chronotype. We analysed five school days and two free days of actigraphy records, from 35 adolescents (24 female, mean age: 16.23 ± 0.60). The sample was described using the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI), chronotype (actigraphy MSFsc), and self‐reported diurnal preference (Morning/Evening Scale). Regression models were constructed to assess the impact of light exposure (daytime and nighttime) on subsequent sleep episodes; and to confirm whether the associations could be an indirect consequence of chronotype. Despite following similar routines, the SRI varied considerably (48.25 to 88.28). There was compatibility between the actigraphy proxy for chronotype and the self‐reported diurnal preference, extracted using the circadian rhythm scale for adolescents. Less light exposure during the day was associated with later sleep onset and shorter sleep duration. An increase of 100 lux in average daytime light exposure advance of 8.08 minutes in sleep onset and 7.16 min in sleep offset. When the regressions were controlled for chronotype, these associations persisted. These findings facilitate discussions regarding the behavioural aspect of the impact of real‐life light exposure on sleep and its potential as a target for interventions aiming to enhance adolescents’ sleep quality.
{"title":"Associations between real‐life light exposure patterns and sleep behaviour in adolescents","authors":"Luísa da Costa Lopes, Julia Ribeiro da Silva Vallim, Sergio Tufik, Fernando Louzada, Vânia D'Almeida","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14315","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryOne of the most striking changes in the regulation of sleep–wake behaviour during adolescence is circadian phase delay. Light exposure synchronises circadian rhythms, impacting sleep regulation, however, the influence of real‐life light exposure on sleep variations remains less clear. We aimed to describe the sleep and light exposure patterns of high school students with comparable schedules and socio‐economic backgrounds, and to evaluate whether there was any association between them, considering chronotype. We analysed five school days and two free days of actigraphy records, from 35 adolescents (24 female, mean age: 16.23 ± 0.60). The sample was described using the Sleep Regularity Index (SRI), chronotype (actigraphy MSFsc), and self‐reported diurnal preference (Morning/Evening Scale). Regression models were constructed to assess the impact of light exposure (daytime and nighttime) on subsequent sleep episodes; and to confirm whether the associations could be an indirect consequence of chronotype. Despite following similar routines, the SRI varied considerably (48.25 to 88.28). There was compatibility between the actigraphy proxy for chronotype and the self‐reported diurnal preference, extracted using the circadian rhythm scale for adolescents. Less light exposure during the day was associated with later sleep onset and shorter sleep duration. An increase of 100 lux in average daytime light exposure advance of 8.08 minutes in sleep onset and 7.16 min in sleep offset. When the regressions were controlled for chronotype, these associations persisted. These findings facilitate discussions regarding the behavioural aspect of the impact of real‐life light exposure on sleep and its potential as a target for interventions aiming to enhance adolescents’ sleep quality.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to ‘The future of JSR: Hybrid or Open Access publishing, and launch of a sister journal?’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14321","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irina Filchenko, Simone B. Duss, Saskia Salzmann, Anne‐Kathrin Brill, Lyudmila Korostovtseva, Valeria Amelina, Sébastien Baillieul, Corrado Bernasconi, Markus H. Schmidt, Claudio L. A. Bassetti
SummarySleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) is linked to cognitive dysfunction. Although SDB is common in stroke patients, the impact of SDB and its early treatment on cognitive functioning after stroke remains poorly investigated. Therefore, we explored the association between SDB and post‐stroke cognitive functioning, including the impact of early SDB treatment with adaptive servo‐ventilation (ASV) on cognitive recovery from acute event to 3 months post‐stroke. We used data from two studies, which included ischaemic stroke patients (n = 131) and no‐stroke controls (n = 37) without SDB (apnea–hypopnea index, AHI <5/h) and with SDB (AHI≥20/h). Cognitive functioning was assessed within 7 days and 3 months post‐stroke in stroke patients, or at study inclusion in no‐stroke control group, respectively. Stroke patients with SDB were randomized to ASV treatment (ASV+) or usual care (ASV‐). Linear regression adjusted for main confounders assessed the impact of SDB and its treatment on cognitive recovery. The intention‐to‐treat analysis did not show significant associations of SDB ASV+ (n = 30) versus SDB ASV‐ (n = 29) with cognitive recovery. In an exploratory subanalysis, compliant SDB ASV+ (n = 14) versus SDB ASV‐ showed improvements with ASV in visual memory and cognitive flexibility. Combining the stroke and non‐stroke datasets, SDB (n = 85) versus no‐SDB (n = 83) was associated with deficits in visual memory and response inhibition independently of stroke. SDB ASV‐ versus no‐SDB (n = 51) was associated with less improvement in visual memory. There was no substantial evidence for benefits of intention‐to‐treat ASV on cognitive recovery. Exploratory analysis indicated that compliant ASV treatment could benefit visual memory and cognitive flexibility, whereas untreated SDB could contribute to a poor recovery of visual memory.
{"title":"Early sleep apnea treatment in stroke (eSATIS) – a multicentre, randomised controlled, rater‐blinded, clinical trial: The association of post‐stroke cognition with sleep‐disordered breathing and its treatment","authors":"Irina Filchenko, Simone B. Duss, Saskia Salzmann, Anne‐Kathrin Brill, Lyudmila Korostovtseva, Valeria Amelina, Sébastien Baillieul, Corrado Bernasconi, Markus H. Schmidt, Claudio L. A. Bassetti","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14296","url":null,"abstract":"SummarySleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) is linked to cognitive dysfunction. Although SDB is common in stroke patients, the impact of SDB and its early treatment on cognitive functioning after stroke remains poorly investigated. Therefore, we explored the association between SDB and post‐stroke cognitive functioning, including the impact of early SDB treatment with adaptive servo‐ventilation (ASV) on cognitive recovery from acute event to 3 months post‐stroke. We used data from two studies, which included ischaemic stroke patients (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 131) and no‐stroke controls (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 37) without SDB (apnea–hypopnea index, AHI <5/h) and with SDB (AHI≥20/h). Cognitive functioning was assessed within 7 days and 3 months post‐stroke in stroke patients, or at study inclusion in no‐stroke control group, respectively. Stroke patients with SDB were randomized to ASV treatment (ASV+) or usual care (ASV‐). Linear regression adjusted for main confounders assessed the impact of SDB and its treatment on cognitive recovery. The intention‐to‐treat analysis did not show significant associations of SDB ASV+ (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 30) versus SDB ASV‐ (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 29) with cognitive recovery. In an exploratory subanalysis, compliant SDB ASV+ (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 14) versus SDB ASV‐ showed improvements with ASV in visual memory and cognitive flexibility. Combining the stroke and non‐stroke datasets, SDB (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 85) versus no‐SDB (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 83) was associated with deficits in visual memory and response inhibition independently of stroke. SDB ASV‐ versus no‐SDB (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 51) was associated with less improvement in visual memory. There was no substantial evidence for benefits of intention‐to‐treat ASV on cognitive recovery. Exploratory analysis indicated that compliant ASV treatment could benefit visual memory and cognitive flexibility, whereas untreated SDB could contribute to a poor recovery of visual memory.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sukhoon Kang, Jung Kyung Hong, Chan‐Hyung Kim, Ji Soo Kim, In‐Young Yoon
SummaryThis study investigated the relationship between rapid eye movement sleep without atonia and cognitive profiles in individuals diagnosed with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, assesssing both cross‐sectional associations and their link to phenoconversion in a longitudinal follow‐up. Participants underwent video‐polysomnography, neurological examination, neuropsychological tests and structured interviews to confirm isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Rapid eye movement sleep without atonia was manually scored using the Montreal method, and participants were categorized into either high or low electromyography activity groups, based on their tonic and phasic electromyography activities. The cross‐sectional study included 250 patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, revealing that those with high tonic electromyography activity exhibited significantly lower scores in the constructional praxis recall than those with low tonic electromyography activity (p = 0.002). In the longitudinal study, 79 participants (63 isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and 16 phenoconversion), tracked for at least 5 years, demonstrated that high tonic electromyography activity (odds ratio: 6.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.23–30.60; p = 0.027) and lower performance on the Trail Making Test A (odds ratio: 0.23; 95% confidence interval: 0.11–0.70; p = 0.007) were associated with future phenoconversion. These results confirm the link between tonic electromyography activity and neurodegeneration in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Combining rapid eye movement sleep without atonia assessment with cognitive evaluation could serve as an early predictive marker for phenoconversion in clinical settings.
{"title":"REM sleep without atonia and neurocognitive function in isolated REM sleep behaviour disorder: Cross‐sectional and longitudinal study","authors":"Sukhoon Kang, Jung Kyung Hong, Chan‐Hyung Kim, Ji Soo Kim, In‐Young Yoon","doi":"10.1111/jsr.14336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jsr.14336","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryThis study investigated the relationship between rapid eye movement sleep without atonia and cognitive profiles in individuals diagnosed with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, assesssing both cross‐sectional associations and their link to phenoconversion in a longitudinal follow‐up. Participants underwent video‐polysomnography, neurological examination, neuropsychological tests and structured interviews to confirm isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Rapid eye movement sleep without atonia was manually scored using the Montreal method, and participants were categorized into either high or low electromyography activity groups, based on their tonic and phasic electromyography activities. The cross‐sectional study included 250 patients with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder, revealing that those with high tonic electromyography activity exhibited significantly lower scores in the constructional praxis recall than those with low tonic electromyography activity (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.002). In the longitudinal study, 79 participants (63 isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and 16 phenoconversion), tracked for at least 5 years, demonstrated that high tonic electromyography activity (odds ratio: 6.14; 95% confidence interval: 1.23–30.60; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.027) and lower performance on the Trail Making Test A (odds ratio: 0.23; 95% confidence interval: 0.11–0.70; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.007) were associated with future phenoconversion. These results confirm the link between tonic electromyography activity and neurodegeneration in isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Combining rapid eye movement sleep without atonia assessment with cognitive evaluation could serve as an early predictive marker for phenoconversion in clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":17057,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sleep Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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