Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2025.2601014
Aliyar Mousavi
The need to manage mercury poisoning is so urgent that it is, in the words of some authors, the ‘need of the hour.’ Many organic compounds have been tested as antidotes for mercury(II) poisoning, and all of them supposedly encourage the metal to move from sulfhydryl-containing proteins to them as therapeutic chelating agents. In light of a certain Ryskulov’ observations in 1988, this article reported a thermodynamic insight into the detoxification of mercury(II) by thiosulfate as a superiorly alternative antidote. The pathway that sulfur, starting as aqueous thiosulfate ions, undergoes to detoxify aqueous mercury(II) ions was thermodynamically studied through examining numerous equilibrium constants (some calculated from electrochemical data), and the extent of mercury conversion into metacinnabar, somehow representing the effectiveness of thiosulfate as a mercury(II) antidote, was thermodynamically quantified through calculating the net equilibrium constant. It was concluded that in the mercury(II)-thiosulfate chemical equilibria, almost all of the mercury(II) that is not in any mercury(II)-thiosulfate complex form is in the form of the unreactive precipitate metacinnabar. That suggested antidotal effectiveness and justified the need to continue in vivo studies on thiosulfate as a potentially superior mercury(II) antidote.
{"title":"A thermodynamic insight into the detoxification of mercury(II) by thiosulfate as a potentially superior antidote to manage mercury poisoning","authors":"Aliyar Mousavi","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2601014","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2601014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The need to manage mercury poisoning is so urgent that it is, in the words of some authors, the ‘need of the hour.’ Many organic compounds have been tested as antidotes for mercury(II) poisoning, and all of them supposedly encourage the metal to move from sulfhydryl-containing proteins to them as therapeutic chelating agents. In light of a certain Ryskulov’ observations in 1988, this article reported a thermodynamic insight into the detoxification of mercury(II) by thiosulfate as a superiorly alternative antidote. The pathway that sulfur, starting as aqueous thiosulfate ions, undergoes to detoxify aqueous mercury(II) ions was thermodynamically studied through examining numerous equilibrium constants (some calculated from electrochemical data), and the extent of mercury conversion into metacinnabar, somehow representing the effectiveness of thiosulfate as a mercury(II) antidote, was thermodynamically quantified through calculating the net equilibrium constant. It was concluded that in the mercury(II)-thiosulfate chemical equilibria, almost all of the mercury(II) that is not in any mercury(II)-thiosulfate complex form is in the form of the unreactive precipitate metacinnabar. That suggested antidotal effectiveness and justified the need to continue <em>in vivo</em> studies on thiosulfate as a potentially superior mercury(II) antidote.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 175-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147453936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-01-06DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2025.2611781
Saloomeh Maleki , Mohammad Bakherad, Hossein Nasr-Isfahani
An efficient synthesis of propargyl pyrimidines connected with glucose/galactose moiety by triazole linker through Cu-catalyzed has been developed. The reaction of azido sugar derivatives (β-D-glucopyranose tetraacetate or β-D-galactopyranose tetraacetate) with propargylthio pyrimidines in the presence of CuSO4.5H2O and sodium ascorbate in THF/Isopropanol gave desired glycosyl 1,2,3-triazoles-linked pyrimidines with 81–97% yields.
研究了一种铜催化三唑连接剂与葡萄糖/半乳糖连接的丙炔嘧啶的高效合成方法。偶氮糖衍生物（β- d -四乙酸葡萄糖或β- d -半乳糖四乙酸葡萄糖）在CuSO4.5H2O和抗坏血酸钠存在下与丙基硫代嘧啶在THF/异丙醇中反应得到所需的糖基1,2,3-三唑嘧啶，收率为81-97%。
{"title":"Synthesis of new glycoconjugates by click reaction of β-glycosyl azides and pyrimidines","authors":"Saloomeh Maleki , Mohammad Bakherad, Hossein Nasr-Isfahani","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2611781","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2611781","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An efficient synthesis of propargyl pyrimidines connected with glucose/galactose moiety by triazole linker through Cu-catalyzed has been developed. The reaction of azido sugar derivatives (β-D-glucopyranose tetraacetate or β-D-galactopyranose tetraacetate) with propargylthio pyrimidines in the presence of CuSO<sub>4</sub>.5H<sub>2</sub>O and sodium ascorbate in THF/Isopropanol gave desired glycosyl 1,2,3-triazoles-linked pyrimidines with 81–97% yields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 210-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147453932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-01-09DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2025.2611777
Miao Yan , Xinyu Dong , Jianshe Zhao , Yan Gao
The synthesis pathway critically dictates the physicochemical properties and ultimate performance of heterogeneous catalysts. In this study, a peroxophosphotungstate (PW4) was encapsulated into zirconium-based metal – organic framework (MOF-808) via two distinct strategies: post–synthetic impregnation and one–pot solvothermal synthesis. Although both composites exhibited high initial activity in the extraction and oxidation desulfurization of model diesel, PW4@MOF-808-S demonstrated exceptional stability, with only a 5.1% efficiency loss after ten cycles. This superior performance is attributed to the more stable encapsulation achieved through the in-situ approach. Furthermore, PW4@MOF-808-S achieved 99.9% desulfurization under optimized mild conditions (70°C, O/S = 3). This work underscores that the choice of synthesis strategy is paramount for engineering optimal activity and long-term stability in POM@MOF composites.
{"title":"Engineering MOF-808 composites with peroxo-polyoxometalates: impregnation vs. solvothermal synthesis for optimal catalytic oxidative desulfurization","authors":"Miao Yan , Xinyu Dong , Jianshe Zhao , Yan Gao","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2611777","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2611777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synthesis pathway critically dictates the physicochemical properties and ultimate performance of heterogeneous catalysts. In this study, a peroxophosphotungstate (PW<sub>4</sub>) was encapsulated into zirconium-based metal – organic framework (MOF-808) via two distinct strategies: post–synthetic impregnation and one–pot solvothermal synthesis. Although both composites exhibited high initial activity in the extraction and oxidation desulfurization of model diesel, PW<sub>4</sub>@MOF-808-S demonstrated exceptional stability, with only a 5.1% efficiency loss after ten cycles. This superior performance is attributed to the more stable encapsulation achieved through the in-situ approach. Furthermore, PW<sub>4</sub>@MOF-808-S achieved 99.9% desulfurization under optimized mild conditions (70°C, O/S = 3). This work underscores that the choice of synthesis strategy is paramount for engineering optimal activity and long-term stability in POM@MOF composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 223-240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147453939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The direct difunctionalization of alkenes, a cheap and abundant feedstock, is one of the most powerful and sustainable strategies for concomitant introduction of two functional groups into the π system in a single operation. In this context, vicinal azido-sulfenylation/-selenylation of alkenes has emerged as a powerful and straightforward synthetic strategy for the efficient construction of β-azido sulfides and selenides that have found application in different fields. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature on the synthesis of β-azido sulfides and β-azido selenides through the direct azido-sulfenylation and azido-selenylation of alkenes, respectively, focusing on the published literature from 1987 to the present.
{"title":"Direct azido-sulfenylation/-selenylation of alkenes: a straightforward route to β-azido sulfides and selenides","authors":"Ahmed Kareem Obaid Aldulaimi , Huseyn Imanov , Shakir Mahmood Saeed , Wadhah Hasan Alkhazali , Waam Mohammed Taher , Mariem Alwan , Mahmood Jasem Jawad , Hiba Mushtaq , Esmail Vessally","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2572380","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2572380","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The direct difunctionalization of alkenes, a cheap and abundant feedstock, is one of the most powerful and sustainable strategies for concomitant introduction of two functional groups into the π system in a single operation. In this context, vicinal azido-sulfenylation/-selenylation of alkenes has emerged as a powerful and straightforward synthetic strategy for the efficient construction of β-azido sulfides and selenides that have found application in different fields. The purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature on the synthesis of β-azido sulfides and β-azido selenides through the direct azido-sulfenylation and azido-selenylation of alkenes, respectively, focusing on the published literature from 1987 to the present.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 266-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147453934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-02-13DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2026.2627197
Rahul Shaikh , Abhinav Desai , Sonali Sengupta
Ammonium phosphomolybdate (APM) was synthesized for photocatalytic oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT), dissolved in isooctane which acts as the model fuel, simulating gasoline. APM is a polyoxometalate (POM), with the ability of accepting up to six electrons without altering its structure, and exhibits easy mobility of electrons upon irradiation of light, which is a trait of a good photocatalyst. To date, it has not been utilized to convert DBT in a model fuel. Hence, in this work, an attempt was made, and the objective of converting DBT was successfully completed. The conversion of DBT was carried out using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant under UV irradiation. APM was synthesized via the precipitation technique, and the synthesized material was characterized using XRD, FESEM, EDX mapping, HRTEM, XPS and BET analyses. The band gap (Eg) of the material was determined as 2.57 eV through UV-DRS analysis, and the chemical bonding information (obtained through FTIR analysis) indicated the existence of APM hexagonal cubic structure at 1100–500 cm−1 wavenumber. A radical-scavenging experiment confirmed that hydroxyl (•OH−) free radicals were responsible for DBT oxidation. Four reaction parameters – DBT concentration (200, 300, and 400 ppm), catalyst loading (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/l), hydrogen peroxide-to-sulfur molar ratio (5:1, 10:1, 15:1, and 20:1), and reaction temperature (303, 313, 323, 333, and 343 K) – were examined. Under optimal conditions, a DBT conversion of 81.15% was achieved after 75 min with 200 ppm DBT concentration, catalyst loading 1.5 g/l (H2O2: DBT = 10:1) at 313 K. The recyclability of the APM catalyst was tested over four cycles, with a degradation efficiency decrease to 48.17%. A first-order kinetic model was proposed for the catalytic reaction, and the activation energy of the reaction was calculated as 9.22 kJ/mol, indicating a rapid reaction due to a low energy barrier.
HIGHLIGHTS
UV radiated oxidative photocatalytic conversion of dibenzothiophene was performed.
Ammonium phosphomolybdate was synthesized as a photocatalyst and characterized.
To determine the DBT degrading efficiency at optimum parameters.
To identify DBT conversion in model fuel using HPLC analyzer.
{"title":"Photocatalytic oxidation of dibenzothiophene using ammonium phosphomolybdate ((NH4)3 PMo12O40) as photocatalyst by UV irradiation","authors":"Rahul Shaikh , Abhinav Desai , Sonali Sengupta","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2026.2627197","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2026.2627197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonium phosphomolybdate (APM) was synthesized for photocatalytic oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT), dissolved in isooctane which acts as the model fuel, simulating gasoline. APM is a polyoxometalate (POM), with the ability of accepting up to six electrons without altering its structure, and exhibits easy mobility of electrons upon irradiation of light, which is a trait of a good photocatalyst. To date, it has not been utilized to convert DBT in a model fuel. Hence, in this work, an attempt was made, and the objective of converting DBT was successfully completed. The conversion of DBT was carried out using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant under UV irradiation. APM was synthesized via the precipitation technique, and the synthesized material was characterized using XRD, FESEM, EDX mapping, HRTEM, XPS and BET analyses. The band gap (E<sub>g</sub>) of the material was determined as 2.57 eV through UV-DRS analysis, and the chemical bonding information (obtained through FTIR analysis) indicated the existence of APM hexagonal cubic structure at 1100–500 cm<sup>−1</sup> wavenumber. A radical-scavenging experiment confirmed that hydroxyl (•OH<sup>−</sup>) free radicals were responsible for DBT oxidation. Four reaction parameters – DBT concentration (200, 300, and 400 ppm), catalyst loading (0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 g/l), hydrogen peroxide-to-sulfur molar ratio (5:1, 10:1, 15:1, and 20:1), and reaction temperature (303, 313, 323, 333, and 343 K) – were examined. Under optimal conditions, a DBT conversion of 81.15% was achieved after 75 min with 200 ppm DBT concentration, catalyst loading 1.5 g/l (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>: DBT = 10:1) at 313 K. The recyclability of the APM catalyst was tested over four cycles, with a degradation efficiency decrease to 48.17%. A first-order kinetic model was proposed for the catalytic reaction, and the activation energy of the reaction was calculated as 9.22 kJ/mol, indicating a rapid reaction due to a low energy barrier.</div></div><div><div><strong>HIGHLIGHTS</strong></div></div><div><div>UV radiated oxidative photocatalytic conversion of dibenzothiophene was performed.</div><div>Ammonium phosphomolybdate was synthesized as a photocatalyst and characterized.</div><div>To determine the DBT degrading efficiency at optimum parameters.</div><div>To identify DBT conversion in model fuel using HPLC analyzer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 241-265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147453933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2025.2579608
Madeeha Batool , Syeda Taha Sherazi , Hafiz Muhammad Junaid , Shahid Munir
Sulfur doped carbon dots (SCDs) are being evolved as one of the rising stars due to their marvelous properties i.e. distinctive physical and chemical features, stability, ease of synthesis, cost-effectiveness and green nature, which make them suitable for their wide applications in various fields, including sensing, bio-medical, photocatalysis, corrosion inhibition, food safety, etc. The introduction of sulfur containing groups in addition to natural surface moieties such as –C = O, –COOH, –OH, –OR etc. enables them as a potential candidate for above-mentioned applications. This review targets the role of SCDs in various applications and the chemistry behind these applications. Furthermore, SCDs have also been critically evaluated for their limitations for future improvements.
硫掺杂碳点（SCDs）以其独特的物理化学特性、稳定性、易于合成、经济高效、绿色环保等优点，在传感、生物医学、光催化、缓蚀、食品安全等领域有着广泛的应用前景，正成为近年来发展起来的一颗新星。除了天然表面基团如-C = O, -COOH, -OH， -OR等外，还引入了含硫基团，使其成为上述应用的潜在候选者。本文综述了scd在各种应用中的作用以及这些应用背后的化学作用。此外，还对scd的局限性进行了严格评估，以便将来进行改进。
{"title":"Revolutionize the chemistry of carbon dots by sulfur doping: a review","authors":"Madeeha Batool , Syeda Taha Sherazi , Hafiz Muhammad Junaid , Shahid Munir","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2579608","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2579608","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sulfur doped carbon dots (SCDs) are being evolved as one of the rising stars due to their marvelous properties <em>i.e.</em> distinctive physical and chemical features, stability, ease of synthesis, cost-effectiveness and green nature, which make them suitable for their wide applications in various fields, including sensing, bio-medical, photocatalysis, corrosion inhibition, food safety, etc. The introduction of sulfur containing groups in addition to natural surface moieties such as –C = O, –COOH, –OH, –OR etc. enables them as a potential candidate for above-mentioned applications. This review targets the role of SCDs in various applications and the chemistry behind these applications. Furthermore, SCDs have also been critically evaluated for their limitations for future improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 280-299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147453935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2026.2619186
Dong-Mi Li , Jia-Jia Wei , Can Wang , Yu-Qi Wang , Zhao-Hao Li
In this work, the synthesis and structural characterization of one coordination polymer based on 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (H2tdc) and 1-(4-carboxybenzyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium (bcbpy), namely, {[Ca(tdc)(bcbpy)(H2O)](0.5DMF)}n, has been reported. The compound was well characterized by infrared spectra, powder X-ray diffraction and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray crystallography reveals that central seven-coordinated Ca(II) ions in the compound are bridged by chelating-bridging carboxylate groups of two tdc2– anions to give a 2D layered structure. The bcbpy molecules further modify the two-dimensional structure by coordinating with Ca(II) ions via carboxylate groups at one end. Driven by photo-induced electron transfer under UV light, the compound exhibits reversible photochromic behavior from pale yellow to blue within a short time owing to the presence of electron-deficient viologen moieties. Moreover, the photomodulated luminescence property has been investigated. After 5min of irradiation, the emission intensity of the compound at 430nm decreased by 83.2% and the emission could be also recovered to the original state after being kept in the dark for 12h.
{"title":"Synthesis, crystal structure, photochromic behavior and photomodulated luminescence of a calcium-based coordination polymer constructed from 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid and viologen linker","authors":"Dong-Mi Li , Jia-Jia Wei , Can Wang , Yu-Qi Wang , Zhao-Hao Li","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2026.2619186","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2026.2619186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, the synthesis and structural characterization of one coordination polymer based on 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (H<sub>2</sub>tdc) and 1-(4-carboxybenzyl)-4,4′-bipyridinium (bcbpy), namely, {[Ca(tdc)(bcbpy)(H<sub>2</sub>O)](0.5DMF)}<sub>n</sub>, has been reported. The compound was well characterized by infrared spectra, powder X-ray diffraction and single crystal X-ray diffraction. X-ray crystallography reveals that central seven-coordinated Ca(II) ions in the compound are bridged by chelating-bridging carboxylate groups of two tdc<sup>2–</sup> anions to give a 2D layered structure. The bcbpy molecules further modify the two-dimensional structure by coordinating with Ca(II) ions <em>via</em> carboxylate groups at one end. Driven by photo-induced electron transfer under UV light, the compound exhibits reversible photochromic behavior from pale yellow to blue within a short time owing to the presence of electron-deficient viologen moieties. Moreover, the photomodulated luminescence property has been investigated. After 5<em></em>min of irradiation, the emission intensity of the compound at 430<em></em>nm decreased by 83.2% and the emission could be also recovered to the original state after being kept in the dark for 12<em></em>h.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 200-209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147453938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-04Epub Date: 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2025.2594083
Ergun Gultekin
Antimicrobials are fundamental agents in the control and treatment of infections; however, increasing antimicrobial resistance severely reduces therapeutic efficacy and exacerbates the global burden of disease and mortality. In this context, a novel series of pyridine-containing 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione Schiff base derivatives (6a–g) were synthesized in good to excellent yields and evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. The structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds was accomplished through FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using both disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods against a panel of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and the yeast Candida albicans. Compounds 6b, 6d, and 6 g showed potent antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes ATCC 19615 with low MIC values (19.531 µg/mL), while compound 6 g demonstrated broad-spectrum activity, also inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus and C. albicans. In antioxidant assays, compound 6f exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity in the DPPH assay, whereas compound 6d showed superior reducing power in the FRAP assay (290.16 mg TE/g). The results indicated that electron-donating (e.g. methoxy) and electron-withdrawing (e.g. nitro) groups on the aromatic ring significantly influenced biological activity. These findings highlight compounds 6d and 6 g as promising candidates for further pharmacological development owing to their multifunctional bioactivity profiles.
{"title":"Pyridine hybrid 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione–Schiff base derivatives: synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activity evaluations","authors":"Ergun Gultekin","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2594083","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2594083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobials are fundamental agents in the control and treatment of infections; however, increasing antimicrobial resistance severely reduces therapeutic efficacy and exacerbates the global burden of disease and mortality. In this context, a novel series of pyridine-containing 1,2,4-triazole-5-thione Schiff base derivatives (6a–g) were synthesized in good to excellent yields and evaluated for their antimicrobial and antioxidant potential. The structural elucidation of the synthesized compounds was accomplished through FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, and <sup>13</sup>C-NMR spectroscopy. Antimicrobial activity was assessed using both disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods against a panel of Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria, and the yeast <em>Candida albicans</em>. Compounds 6b, 6d, and 6 g showed potent antibacterial activity against <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> ATCC 19615 with low MIC values (19.531 µg/mL), while compound 6 g demonstrated broad-spectrum activity, also inhibiting <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>C. albicans</em>. In antioxidant assays, compound 6f exhibited the highest radical scavenging activity in the DPPH assay, whereas compound 6d showed superior reducing power in the FRAP assay (290.16 mg TE/g). The results indicated that electron-donating (<em>e.g.</em> methoxy) and electron-withdrawing (<em>e.g.</em> nitro) groups on the aromatic ring significantly influenced biological activity. These findings highlight compounds 6d and 6 g as promising candidates for further pharmacological development owing to their multifunctional bioactivity profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 2","pages":"Pages 182-199"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147453937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-02Epub Date: 2025-10-28DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2025.2579614
Muzaffar Kazm Kakabor , Lana Hadi Chawishli
This study focuses on the synthesis and biological evaluation of optically active α-(arylthio)alkanoic acids derived from L- and D-amino acids such as phenylalanine, valine, and leucine. A two-step synthetic pathway was used for the preparation of the compounds, which included bromination of amino acids followed by subsequent nucleophilic substitution with thiophenol or 4-bromothiophenol. Enantiomeric purity and high yields of the synthesized entities were established based on 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and optical rotation. In vitro tests were performed to study the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of the targeted products. Compound (18) exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity, significantly inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans, and finally, both compounds (18) and (16) showed the strongest antioxidant activity, with scavenging capabilities of 84% and 80%, respectively. In anticancer tests, compound (15) presented the best activity, inhibiting the cell viability of breast cancer (MCF7) cell lines by 60.56%. Computational docking supported the experimental findings. These results suggest potential applications of α-(arylthio)alkanoic acids as therapeutic agents for infections, oxidative stress disorders, and cancer.
{"title":"Synthesis and biological potency of novel optically active α-(arylthio) alkanoic acid derived from amino acids","authors":"Muzaffar Kazm Kakabor , Lana Hadi Chawishli","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2579614","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2579614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the synthesis and biological evaluation of optically active α-(arylthio)alkanoic acids derived from L- and D-amino acids such as phenylalanine, valine, and leucine. A two-step synthetic pathway was used for the preparation of the compounds, which included bromination of amino acids followed by subsequent nucleophilic substitution with thiophenol or 4-bromothiophenol. Enantiomeric purity and high yields of the synthesized entities were established based on <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR, FT-IR, and optical rotation. In vitro tests were performed to study the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of the targeted products. Compound (18) exhibited the strongest antimicrobial activity, significantly inhibiting the growth of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Candida albicans,</em> and finally, both compounds (18) and (16) showed the strongest antioxidant activity, with scavenging capabilities of 84% and 80%, respectively. In anticancer tests, compound (15) presented the best activity, inhibiting the cell viability of breast cancer (MCF7) cell lines by 60.56%. Computational docking supported the experimental findings. These results suggest potential applications of α-(arylthio)alkanoic acids as therapeutic agents for infections, oxidative stress disorders, and cancer.</div></div><div><div></div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 67-86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-02Epub Date: 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1080/17415993.2025.2596137
Mohamed Ibrahim Hegab
The skeleton of thiazoloquinoxaline is a remarkable structural system that belongs to the thiazole ring fused with quinoxaline nucleus. Some thiazoloquinoxalines increase the diversity of certain biological properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, and antiamoebic activities. The current review article represents a survey of the literature covering the synthetic strategies leading to thiazolo[3,4-a]quinoxalines.
{"title":"A review on synthetic methodologies of thiazolo[3,4-a]quinoxalines","authors":"Mohamed Ibrahim Hegab","doi":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2596137","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17415993.2025.2596137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The skeleton of thiazoloquinoxaline is a remarkable structural system that belongs to the thiazole ring fused with quinoxaline nucleus. Some thiazoloquinoxalines increase the diversity of certain biological properties such as antibacterial, antiviral, and antiamoebic activities. The current review article represents a survey of the literature covering the synthetic strategies leading to thiazolo[3,4-<em>a</em>]quinoxalines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sulfur Chemistry","volume":"47 1","pages":"Pages 158-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145996488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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