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Proceedings of the IEEE 2000 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference. NAECON 2000. Engineering Tomorrow (Cat. No.00CH37093)最新文献

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Maximum likelihood DOA estimation by real-valued genetic algorithm 实数遗传算法的最大似然DOA估计
Wei Yan, Zhaoda Zhu
The problem of obtaining accurate direction of arrival (DOA) estimation of narrow-band sources lying in the far field of the array is one of the central problems in radar, sonar and seismology. In this paper a real-valued genetic algorithm is used to obtain the global optimal solution of the maximum likelihood (ML) DOA estimation. It overcomes the local optima problem existing in some ML DOA estimation algorithms, and improves the estimation accuracy. The proposed real-valued genetic algorithm is composed of real-valued crossover and mutation operators constructed with the information of real number field and objective function. It is an ideal method for searching for the global solution of non-linear real variable functions. Simulation results of noncoherent and coherent sources DOA estimation show that the proposed algorithm is better in accuracy over some conventional DOA estimation algorithms.
阵列远场窄带源的准确到达方向估计问题是雷达、声纳和地震学研究的核心问题之一。本文采用实值遗传算法求解最大似然DOA估计的全局最优解。该方法克服了一些机器学习DOA估计算法存在的局部最优问题,提高了估计精度。该算法由实数域信息和目标函数信息构成的实值交叉算子和变异算子组成。它是求解非线性实变函数全局解的理想方法。非相干和相干源的DOA估计仿真结果表明,该算法比传统的DOA估计算法具有更高的精度。
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引用次数: 8
Updating the focusing matrix for the DOA estimation of moving sources 运动源DOA估计中聚焦矩阵的更新
Munhyoung Cho, J. Chun
In this paper, a new method is proposed for tracking the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of the wideband moving source incident on uniform linear array sensors. DOA is estimated by focusing transformation matrices. To update focusing matrices along with new data snap shots, we use the FAST (fast approximate subspace tracking) method. Present focusing matrices are constructed by previous signal and its orthogonal basis vectors as well as present signal and its orthogonal basis vectors, which are the left and right singular vectors of the inner product of two approximated matrices. Simulation results are shown to illustrate the performance of the proposed method.
本文提出了一种跟踪均匀线阵传感器上宽带移动源的到达方向的新方法。通过聚焦变换矩阵估计DOA。为了随着新的数据快照更新聚焦矩阵,我们使用FAST(快速近似子空间跟踪)方法。现有聚焦矩阵是由前一个信号及其正交基向量和现有信号及其正交基向量构成的,这两个正交基向量是两个近似矩阵的内积的左右奇异向量。仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 2
Predicate ranking algorithms and their application in an inductive logic programming system 谓词排序算法及其在归纳逻辑规划系统中的应用
Madhavi Yeleswarapu, J. Seitzer
Inductive logic programming (ILP) is a form of machine learning that induces rules from data using the language and syntax of logic programming. A rule construction algorithm forms rules that summarize data sets. These rules can be used in a large spectrum of data mining activities. In ILP, the rules are constructed with a target predicate as the consequent, or head, of the rule, and with high-ranking literals forming the antecedent, or body, of the rule. The predicate rankings are obtained by applying predicate ranking algorithms to a domain (background) knowledge base. We present three new predicate ranking algorithms for the inductive logic programming system, INDED (pronounced "indeed"). The algorithms use a grouping technique employing basic set theoretic operations to generate the rankings. We also present results of applying the ranking algorithms to several problem domains, some of which are universal like the classical genealogy problem and others, not so common. In particular, diagnosis is the main thread of many of our experiments. Here, although our experimentation relates to medical diagnosis in diabetes and Lyme disease, many of the same techniques and methodologies can be applied to other forms of diagnosis including system failure, sensor detection, and trouble-shooting.
归纳逻辑编程(ILP)是机器学习的一种形式,它使用逻辑编程的语言和语法从数据中归纳出规则。规则构建算法形成汇总数据集的规则。这些规则可用于大范围的数据挖掘活动。在ILP中,使用目标谓词作为规则的结果或头部来构造规则,并使用高级文字构成规则的先行词或主体。将谓词排序算法应用于领域(背景)知识库,得到谓词排序。我们为归纳逻辑规划系统INDED(发音为“indeed”)提出了三种新的谓词排序算法。该算法使用分组技术,采用基本的集合理论运算来生成排名。我们还介绍了将排序算法应用于几个问题域的结果,其中一些问题域像经典的家谱问题一样具有普遍性,而另一些问题域则不那么常见。特别是,诊断是我们许多实验的主线。在这里,虽然我们的实验与糖尿病和莱姆病的医学诊断有关,但许多相同的技术和方法可以应用于其他形式的诊断,包括系统故障、传感器检测和故障排除。
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引用次数: 0
New millennium ultralow power microsystems 新千年超低功耗微系统
K. Shenai
Mixed-signal electronics form the core of spacecraft avionics systems. Low-power operation is a key design objective to reduce dependence on stored energy or energy extraction systems. To facilitate low-power operation. The supply voltage of mixed-signal systems has progressively diminished to typical present values of 3.5 V to 3.6 V. Low voltage design, however, increases susceptibility to noise interference and reduces the range of analog linear gain. Moreover, as transistor density and circuit complexity increase, traditional power minimization methods are inadequate. In this paper we present results of several approaches to enable low-power mixed-signal electronics for spacecraft avionics and commercial telecommunications. First, at the architectural level we analyze a dynamic voltage scaling approach that delivers local isolation of bus noise and a power reduction of 50% to 95%. Next, to enable in-situ, real-time power sensing we introduce two sensors that monitor di/dt and dv/dt events. Their design, scaling, and sensitivity are discussed in detail. Finally, as an example of a low-voltage compatible analog circuit we present results of a low-noise differential analog-to-digital comparator. It operates at speeds to over 50 MHz, has per-comparator power dissipation under 1 mW, and can operate at supply voltages down to 1.9 V. All circuits have been designed and analyzed for a 0.5-/spl mu/m CMOS, and analytical and experimental results are given.
混合信号电子学是航天器航空电子系统的核心。低功耗运行是一个关键的设计目标,以减少对存储能量或能量提取系统的依赖。便于低功耗运行。混合信号系统的供电电压逐渐降低到3.5 V至3.6 V的典型现值。然而,低电压设计增加了对噪声干扰的敏感性,并减小了模拟线性增益的范围。此外,随着晶体管密度和电路复杂性的增加,传统的功耗最小化方法已经不够用了。在本文中,我们介绍了几种使低功耗混合信号电子器件用于航天器航空电子设备和商业电信的方法的结果。首先,在架构层面,我们分析了一种动态电压缩放方法,该方法可提供总线噪声的局部隔离,并将功耗降低50%至95%。接下来,为了实现原位实时功率传感,我们引入了两个传感器来监测di/dt和dv/dt事件。详细讨论了它们的设计、缩放和灵敏度。最后,作为一个低压兼容模拟电路的例子,我们给出了一个低噪声差分模数比较器的结果。它的工作速度超过50 MHz,每比较器功耗低于1 mW,并且可以在低至1.9 V的电源电压下工作。在0.5-/spl μ m CMOS上设计并分析了所有电路,并给出了分析和实验结果。
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引用次数: 1
Power supply design for performance and reliability 电源设计的性能和可靠性
K. Shenai, P. Singh, S. Rao, D. Sorenson, K. Chu, G. Gaylon
This paper presents the results obtained from a study conducted to evaluate the long-term operational reliability of dc-dc power converters used in computer and telecom applications. A full-bridge, phase-shifted zero voltage switching (ZVS) PWM converter was investigated experimentally and theoretically it is shown that under low-load conditions, the intrinsic body diode of the MOSFET undergoes dynamic avalanching during its reverse recovery with an associated high dv/dt. This phenomenon results in an excessive power loss in the circuit and increased switching stress for the MOSFET. The converter failure under low-load conditions can be associated with this mechanism as one of the potential causes. The paper also presents experimental results obtained on dc-dc power converter prototypes smeared with zinc whiskers. It is shown that power supply arcing under these conditions is a potential cause of failure.
本文介绍了一项评估计算机和电信应用中使用的dc-dc电源变换器长期运行可靠性的研究结果。对全桥移相零电压开关(ZVS) PWM变换器进行了实验和理论研究,结果表明,在低负载条件下,MOSFET的本禀体二极管在反向恢复过程中会发生动态雪崩,并伴有较高的dv/dt。这种现象导致电路中功率损耗过大,并增加了MOSFET的开关应力。低负荷条件下的变流器故障可能与此机制有关,是潜在的原因之一。本文还介绍了涂锌晶须的直流-直流功率变换器样机的实验结果。结果表明,在这种情况下,电源电弧是导致故障的潜在原因。
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引用次数: 9
A novel beamformer with multipath signal reception 一种新型多径信号接收波束形成器
T. Lin
In this paper, a novel beamforming scheme is proposed for reception of coherent signals and suppression of strong interference. An interference-blocking (IB) transformation is first developed for removing the strong interference, while the desired signals and noise are retained. Optimum beamforming is then performed based on the IB transformation data consisting of only the desired signals and noise to produce maximum output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed interference-blocking maximum signal-to-noise ratio (IB-MSNR) beamformer significantly outperforms the conventional beamformers and can approximately achieve the performance of the optimum beamformer.
本文提出了一种接收相干信号和抑制强干扰的新型波束形成方案。首先开发了一种干扰阻断(IB)变换,用于去除强干扰,同时保留所需的信号和噪声。然后基于仅由所需信号和噪声组成的IB变换数据执行最佳波束形成,以产生最大的输出信噪比(SINR)。数值结果表明,所提出的抗干扰最大信噪比波束形成器明显优于传统波束形成器,可以近似达到最优波束形成器的性能。
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引用次数: 8
An evaluation framework for power electronic device models using decision making under uncertainties 基于不确定决策的电力电子设备模型评估框架
C.J. Kim, P. Bofah
The uncertainty in modeling and simulation in power device comes from many different sources. This uncertainty brings a question of how to choose the best-fit model for a specific purpose and environment of a circuit designer. This paper proposes a numerical framework of decision making under incomplete knowledge, which quantifies the uncertainty of models and allows circuit designers to know the realistic expectations of the performance and, thus provides the level of appropriateness of the models. Case studies are performed for practical applications of the framework.
功率器件建模与仿真中的不确定性来源于很多方面。这种不确定性带来了一个问题,即如何为电路设计者的特定目的和环境选择最适合的模型。本文提出了一个不完全知识下决策的数值框架,量化了模型的不确定性,使电路设计者能够了解对性能的现实期望,从而提供了模型的适当程度。对该框架的实际应用进行了案例研究。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic modeling and optimal control of a twin rotor MIMO system 双转子MIMO系统的动态建模与最优控制
S. Ahmad, A. Chipperfield, O. Tokhi
A dynamic model for the characterising of a one-degree-of-freedom (DOF) twin rotor MIMO system (TRMS) in hover is extracted using a black-box system identification technique. The behaviour of the TRMS in certain aspects resembles that of a helicopter. Hence, it is an interesting identification and control problem. Identification for a 1-DOF rigid-body, discrete-time linear model is presented. The extracted model is employed in the design of a feedback LQG compensator. This has a good tracking capability, but requires high control effort and has inadequate authority over residual vibration of the system. These problems are resolved by further augmenting the system with a command path prefilter. The combined feedforward and feedback compensator satisfies the performance objectives and obeys the actuator constraint.
采用黑盒系统识别技术,建立了一自由度双旋翼MIMO悬停系统的动力学模型。TRMS的行为在某些方面类似于直升机。因此,这是一个有趣的识别和控制问题。给出了一自由度刚体离散线性模型的辨识方法。将提取的模型应用于反馈LQG补偿器的设计。这种方法具有良好的跟踪能力,但对控制的要求较高,对系统残余振动的控制权限不足。这些问题可以通过使用命令路径预过滤器进一步增强系统来解决。前馈与反馈相结合的补偿器既满足性能目标,又服从执行器约束。
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引用次数: 58
Scene-centric identification and retrieval of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) video segments 以场景为中心的无人机视频片段识别与检索
W. T. Berridge, M. Talbert
With the acceptance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as a primary platform within the Department of Defense (DOD) for gathering intelligence data, the amount of video information being recorded, analyzed, and archived continues to grow. Mechanisms for quickly locating and retrieving video segments of interest amongst the many hours of recorded video are required to accommodate the rapid turnaround expected in today's wartime planning environments. This paper demonstrates that attributes extracted or calculated from existing mission-related data (specifically telemetry and target data) can be indexed to support random access into archived video streams. These indexes allow video segments to be retrieved based on image characteristics and basic content thus supporting the search for clear, highly detailed images of targets and areas of interest.
随着无人驾驶飞行器(uav)被接受为国防部(DOD)收集情报数据的主要平台,被记录、分析和存档的视频信息的数量继续增长。需要在许多小时录制的视频中快速定位和检索感兴趣的视频片段的机制,以适应当今战时规划环境中预期的快速周转。本文演示了从现有任务相关数据(特别是遥测和目标数据)中提取或计算的属性可以被索引,以支持对存档视频流的随机访问。这些索引允许基于图像特征和基本内容检索视频片段,从而支持搜索目标和感兴趣区域的清晰、高度详细的图像。
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引用次数: 0
A Gaussian deterministic approach to smoothing and prediction for application to spacecraft attitude and orbit determination 一种用于航天器姿态和轨道确定的高斯确定性平滑和预测方法
M.S. Hodgart, P. Tortora, N. Morrison
Some theory is presented, with results from simulation, that identify a filter/estimator in the style of the Kalman filter. It promises some significant advantages relative to the usual filter in typical satellite (and other) applications. We call it a fading Gaussian deterministic filter and outline its main features.
给出了一些理论,并结合仿真结果,确定了一种卡尔曼滤波器风格的滤波器/估计器。相对于典型卫星(和其他)应用中常用的滤波器,它有一些显著的优势。我们称其为衰落高斯确定性滤波器,并概述了其主要特征。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Proceedings of the IEEE 2000 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference. NAECON 2000. Engineering Tomorrow (Cat. No.00CH37093)
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