Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v2n2007
Guilherme Wodtke, M. Schneider, Thyago Bertoldi
This paper aims to investigate the existence of a correlation between the European and Latin American conceptions of Fair Trade and the promotion of sustainable agriculture, especially from the perspective of encouraging a conscious and an ethical consumerism. The research was pure and qualitative. The approach method was the inductive reasoning and the procedure method, the monografic. The research techniques used were documental and bibliographical analysis. It was observed that Fair Trade is a plural movement, with several conceptions and manifestations, and that it covers the various stages of trade: from production to consumption. It was found that, despite having multiple dimensions and conceptions, Fair Trade is a relevant ally in the struggle for a qualitative transformation of consumption habits. In a scenario of political consumerism, by advocating for the transparency of consumer information about products that are harmful to the environment and health, Fair Trade helps the development of sustainable agriculture and the overcoming of the harms promoted by the traditional trade model.
{"title":"The Latin American and European conceptions of fair trade","authors":"Guilherme Wodtke, M. Schneider, Thyago Bertoldi","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v2n2007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v2n2007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to investigate the existence of a correlation between the European and Latin American conceptions of Fair Trade and the promotion of sustainable agriculture, especially from the perspective of encouraging a conscious and an ethical consumerism. The research was pure and qualitative. The approach method was the inductive reasoning and the procedure method, the monografic. The research techniques used were documental and bibliographical analysis. It was observed that Fair Trade is a plural movement, with several conceptions and manifestations, and that it covers the various stages of trade: from production to consumption. It was found that, despite having multiple dimensions and conceptions, Fair Trade is a relevant ally in the struggle for a qualitative transformation of consumption habits. In a scenario of political consumerism, by advocating for the transparency of consumer information about products that are harmful to the environment and health, Fair Trade helps the development of sustainable agriculture and the overcoming of the harms promoted by the traditional trade model.","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130423813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v2n012
Manuel Becerra Ramírez
{"title":"International public order","authors":"Manuel Becerra Ramírez","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v2n012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v2n012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134580807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v2n2004
Miriam Dermer
This article aims to theoretically understand the cultural trade debate from the tension between the countries of the North and the South. Due to the above, the text is divided into two parts, the first of which is constituted by a conceptual framework around culture, and the second part tries to be a communication bridge between the neo-Gramscian theory and the constructivism of norms.
{"title":"An analytical framework to understand the trade culture debate","authors":"Miriam Dermer","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v2n2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v2n2004","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to theoretically understand the cultural trade debate from the tension between the countries of the North and the South. Due to the above, the text is divided into two parts, the first of which is constituted by a conceptual framework around culture, and the second part tries to be a communication bridge between the neo-Gramscian theory and the constructivism of norms.","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125515540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v2n001
C. Altavilla, V. Solà, Christian G. Sommer
{"title":"LA REELECCIÓN PRESIDENCIAL INDEFINIDA EN PERSPECTIVA CONSTITUCIONAL E INTERNACIONAL COMPARADA","authors":"C. Altavilla, V. Solà, Christian G. Sommer","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v2n001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v2n001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":" 10","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113950073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v1n2003
Claudia Regina de Oliveira Magalhães da Silva Loureiro
{"title":"O IMIGRANTE COMO CIDADÃO GLOBAL","authors":"Claudia Regina de Oliveira Magalhães da Silva Loureiro","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v1n2003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v1n2003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129991596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v1n1009
Nuno Cunha Rodrigues
{"title":"A abertura ao comércio internacional da contratação pública no Brasil:","authors":"Nuno Cunha Rodrigues","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v1n1009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v1n1009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131029868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v2n2013
Sofia Sulzbach
Investments in sophisticated technologies have enabled the creation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems capable of reproducing the behaviour of the human brain, with the ability to learn, decide and even create intellectual works. This technological reality drew the attention of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union (EU), which began to pressure the development of research on AI and Intellectual Property (IP), to identify the best legal solutions to the factual situation of works generated by non-human agents. Responding to this call of the Parliament, this monograph proposes to investigate the feasibility of protection of intellectual works generated by AI systems in Brazil and the EU, based on current legislation, jurisprudence, and doctrine. To this end, the monograph is based on the hypothetical-deductive method, starting from a comparative approach, and divided into three main parts. The first part is destined to present the fundamental notions of AI and copyright. After this introduction, the second part assesses whether works generated by AI systems qualify as intellectual property subject to copyright protection, based on the case study of the painting The Next Rembrandt, identifying the issues related to the attribution of rights to human and non-human agents involved in the creation process. Finally, the third part is destined to examine the legislative proposals and governmental solutions suggested in Brazil and in the EU on the matter. Based on the acknowledgement of the insufficiency of traditional provisions to protect works generated by AI systems, it is concluded that the European Intellectual Property Office's proposal for the elaboration of a sui generis system seems to be the most adequate solution to protect works generated by AI in Brazil and in the EU.
{"title":"Law and policies related to works generated by artificial intelligence in Brazil and the European Union","authors":"Sofia Sulzbach","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v2n2013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v2n2013","url":null,"abstract":"Investments in sophisticated technologies have enabled the creation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems capable of reproducing the behaviour of the human brain, with the ability to learn, decide and even create intellectual works. This technological reality drew the attention of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union (EU), which began to pressure the development of research on AI and Intellectual Property (IP), to identify the best legal solutions to the factual situation of works generated by non-human agents. Responding to this call of the Parliament, this monograph proposes to investigate the feasibility of protection of intellectual works generated by AI systems in Brazil and the EU, based on current legislation, jurisprudence, and doctrine. To this end, the monograph is based on the hypothetical-deductive method, starting from a comparative approach, and divided into three main parts. The first part is destined to present the fundamental notions of AI and copyright. After this introduction, the second part assesses whether works generated by AI systems qualify as intellectual property subject to copyright protection, based on the case study of the painting The Next Rembrandt, identifying the issues related to the attribution of rights to human and non-human agents involved in the creation process. Finally, the third part is destined to examine the legislative proposals and governmental solutions suggested in Brazil and in the EU on the matter. Based on the acknowledgement of the insufficiency of traditional provisions to protect works generated by AI systems, it is concluded that the European Intellectual Property Office's proposal for the elaboration of a sui generis system seems to be the most adequate solution to protect works generated by AI in Brazil and in the EU.","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129126292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v2n2011
L. García-Matamoros, Walter Arévalo-Ramírez
The article analyzes the role of multilateral negotiation blocks within the WTO and the different coalitions of States in negotiation scenarios, as well as the reactions to them by the European Union and the United States. The article studies the tension between bilateral and multilateral interests in the Doha Round and other recent negotiating scenarios. In the first place, this phenomenon is analyzed in the field of agriculture, the subsidies inherent to the activity, the position of the most developed States, the limitations in negotiation events by the blocks that emerged as opposed to those. Secondly, an analysis of the phenomenon in the field of intellectual property is carried out, the restriction that States have suffered to defend and protect their initial claims in the matter and other recent cases such as the discussions on patents during the coronavirus pandemic. COVID-19.
{"title":"The framework of the WTO as a space to defend the interests of the State","authors":"L. García-Matamoros, Walter Arévalo-Ramírez","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v2n2011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v2n2011","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the role of multilateral negotiation blocks within the WTO and the different coalitions of States in negotiation scenarios, as well as the reactions to them by the European Union and the United States. The article studies the tension between bilateral and multilateral interests in the Doha Round and other recent negotiating scenarios. In the first place, this phenomenon is analyzed in the field of agriculture, the subsidies inherent to the activity, the position of the most developed States, the limitations in negotiation events by the blocks that emerged as opposed to those. Secondly, an analysis of the phenomenon in the field of intellectual property is carried out, the restriction that States have suffered to defend and protect their initial claims in the matter and other recent cases such as the discussions on patents during the coronavirus pandemic. COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"54 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127119868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v2n007
Gabriel Cemin Petry, H. M. Hupffer
{"title":"Algorithmic violence and automated decisions-making","authors":"Gabriel Cemin Petry, H. M. Hupffer","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v2n007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v2n007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"22 3S 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126863566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.51799/2763-8685v2n006
Amon Elpídio da Silva
{"title":"Contemporary challenges of refugee law protection","authors":"Amon Elpídio da Silva","doi":"10.51799/2763-8685v2n006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51799/2763-8685v2n006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":171261,"journal":{"name":"Latin American Journal of European Studies","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124665133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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