Journal of Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine最新文献

Background: Exosomes are small vesicles with intracellular origin which are released into the extracellular space. The properties of stem cell-derived exosomes are similar to their cellular origin and can be involved in repair the damaged tissues. This investigation aimed to evaluate the effect of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells and cardiomyocytes on the repair of damaged cardiomyocyte in vitro.

Methods: In this study, first damaged cells were created by Isopreternol treatment of mesenchymal-derived cardiomyocytes, then cells were affected by exosomes extracted from MSCs and MSC derived cardiomyocyes. Finally, mRNA levels of cardiac differentiation and damage markers were measured by Real Time PCR at the time intervals.

Results: Our results showed the level of cardiac markers in damaged cardiomyocytes increased after treatment by cardiomyocytes derived exosomes compared to MSC derived exosomes. Reciprocally LDH a and b mRNA levels decrease in both conditions.

Conclusion: our findings revealed the exosomes extracted from cardiomyocytes were more effective in the repair of injured cells compared to the exosomes derived MSCs.

The significant immunomodulatory capacity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is increasingly being recognized, making them valuable for the treatment of autoimmune disorders. MSCs influence immune cell behavior during therapy through intercellular communication mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). Moreover, MSC-derived apoptotic vesicles (apoEVs) can also exert immunomodulatory functions. This study compared the effects of dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) and smaller apoptotic vesicles (apoSEVs) derived from DFSCs on the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), as well as their impact on T cell subpopulations and inflammatory factor expression. The results showed that apoSEVs derived from DFSCs significantly enhanced PBMC proliferation, inhibited Th1, Th17, and Treg cell populations, and reduced IFN-γ and TNF-α expression levels. These findings demonstrate that apoSEVsapoSEVs from DFSCs can effectively regulate immune responses in a manner similar to that of DFSCs themselves.

The proposed topic is important because it helps find a lot of problems that happen when cardiovascular diseases are passed on along with fibrosis and the link between stem cells and myocardial regeneration. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of autologous stem cells in the treatment of post-infarction myocardial changes. Statistical, bibliographic, and bibliosemantic research methods and scientific literature for the last 6 years were used to achieve the purpose. Cardiovascular diseases hold the highest prevalence and mortality rates, second only to the number of accidents. Today, there are many methods in the fight against coronary heart disease. However, drug therapy is the least effective, and instrumental methods are too invasive and entail several complications and side effects. Therefore, conducting detailed research on the impact of stem cells on the myocardium affected by infarction presents a challenge. Stem cell transplantation, which includes autologous bone marrow stem cells, typically leads to noticeable and significant changes in cardiac hemodynamic parameters and rheological properties. The development of autologous bone marrow stem cells during the angiogenesis process substantiates such metamorphoses. In addition, factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor and the whole list of coagulogram indicators may influence these changes. The practical significance of the raised subject is using stem cell therapy as an alternative, less invasive method in the fight against postinfarction myocardial changes.

Background: Ultraviolet (UV) exposure causes direct and indirect damages to skin structures. Human adipose stem cell-conditioned medium (hASC-CM) is a collection of several soluble factors, such as cytokines, chemokines, and Growth Factors (GF), secreted by almost all living cells in the extracellular space which support wound healing and skin rejuvenation. Objective: To determine the effects of human adipose stem cell-conditioned medium (hASC-CM) in photoaged skin and evaluate photoaging improvement after treatment. Methods: An experimental randomized controlled trial was performed, involving 64 photoaged subjects at the Dermato-Venereology Outpatient Clinic of Jemursari Islamic Hospital Surabaya from March to June 2022. The subjects were divided into the hASC-CM group and vehiculum (control) group. Patients' transepidermal water loss value, skin tone, and Glogau score in weeks 0, 4, and 8 were evaluated. The data were then analyzed using Mann-Whitney test (p<0.05). Results: All subjects had Glogau scale of III (89.6%) with mean ± SD (3.121 ± 0.329). hASC-CM group showed higher improvements in the pore, wrinkle, spot polarized, spot UV parameters and skin tone compared to vehiculum group(p<0.05). Conclusions: hASC-CM effectively improved all parameters observed. The limitation of this research was on the lack of long-term follow-up after treatment. This research had received an ethical permit from The Ethical Committee Board of Jemursari Islamic Hospital Surabaya under letter 006/KEPK-RSISJS/II/2022.

Background: In recent years, bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-derived MSCs) have emerged as a powerful cell-based therapy for various diseases, including male infertility. Aim: Demonstrating the efficiency of BM-derived MSCs transplantation by different routes of injection to home and repair testis of busulfan-induced azoospermic rats. Material and methods: In the present study, rat BM-derived MSC was isolated and characterized for mesenchymal &hematopoietic markers using flow-cytometry. Induction of infertility was induced by two successive doses of 10 mg/kg of busulfan. Azoospermic rats were treated by BM-derived MSCs which were injected via various routes (IP, IV, and local in testis). After 60 days; sperm analyses were performed beside mainly Biochemical, histopathological, immunohistological, and ultrastructural investigations. Results: BM-derived MSCs were expressed by CD44+ve, CD105+ve, CD106+ve, CD73+ve, CD34-ve, and CD45-ve. Sperm analysis showed a substantial improvement in sperm morphology, motility, and count following treatment with BM-derived MSCs. Caspase-3 and PCNA immunoexp ression accompanied with the levels of FSH, LH, testosterone, SOD, GSH and MDA depicted a considerable restoration of healthy levels after BM-derived MSCs treatment. The seminiferous tubules showed healthy morphology and spermatozoa were detected in their lumen according to the histopathological and ultrastructural analysis of BM-derived MSCs treated rats. Interestingly, BM-derived MSCs intravenous injection revealed the most significant infertility repair outcomes (P<0.05). Conclusion: Transplanted BM-derived MSCs had the potential to home in rat azoospermic testes and restore spermatogenesis. Consequently, the distinctive characteristics of BM-derived MSCs, such as their ability to differentiate and home, make them a promising cell-based therapeutic option for male infertility.

Wound healing is a complicated process that involves many different types of cells and signaling pathways. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown great potential as a treatment to improve wound healing because they can modulate inflammation, promote the growth of new blood vessels, and stimulate the regeneration of tissue. Recent evidence indicates MSCs-derived extracellular vesicles known as exosomes may mediate many of the therapeutic effects of MSCs on wound healing. Exosomes contain bioactive molecules such as proteins, lipids, and RNAs that can be transferred to recipient cells to modulate cellular responses. This article reviews current evidence on the mechanisms and therapeutic effects of human umbilical cord MSCs (hUCMSCs)-derived exosomes on wound healing. In vitro and animal studies demonstrate that hUCMSC-derived exosomes promote fibroblast proliferation/migration, angiogenesis, and re-epithelialization while reducing inflammation and scar formation. These effects are mediated by exosomal transfer of cytokines, growth factors, and regulatory microRNAs that modulate signaling pathways involved in wound healing. Challenges remain in exosome isolation methods, optimizing targeting/retention, and translation to human studies. Nevertheless, hUCMSCs-derived exosomes show promise as a novel cell-free therapeutic approach to accelerate wound closure and improve healing outcomes. Further research is warranted to fully characterize hUCMSCs-exosomal mechanisms and explore their clinical potential for wound management.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes chronic pain and disability worldwide. This disease is mainly caused by IL-1β and TNF-α, which lead to cartilage degradation and inhibit the repair capacity of damaged cartilage. Recent studies have shown that amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells (AF-MSCs) secrete proteins that can effectively help in the treatment of cartilage damaged by OA. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms behind the healing properties of the AF-MSC secretome (AFS-se) under OA conditions. This study involved growing chondrocyte progenitor cells (CPCs) and traumatized cartilage tissues in the presence of the cytokines IL-1β and TNF-α, which mimic OA conditions. AFS-se was then added to the culture medium to determine its effect on the CPCs and cartilage. Cell migration, endogenous cell outgrowth, the expression of chondrogenic and anabolic genes, and the mechanism of proteins in the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways were examined in this study. AFS-se inhibited the inflammatory effects of IL-1β and TNF-α by significantly reducing ERK phosphorylation in the MAPK signaling pathway and decreasing downstream proinflammatory COX2 products. The impaired CPCs recovered their ability to migrate, and endogenous CPCs in injured osteoarthritic cartilage were able to regrow in response to inflammatory stimuli. Additionally, the expression of anabolic genes such as Col I, Col II, and IGF1 was restored in defective CPCs. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that AFS-se has therapeutic effects on OA by inhibiting the inflammatory functions of IL-1β and TNF-α through protein phosphorylation in the MAPK pathway while also promoting the regenerative and self-repair functions of CPCs in traumatized cartilage.