首页 > 最新文献

Journal of research in health sciences最新文献

英文 中文
The Lag -Effects of Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors on COVID-19 Infection Transmission and Severity: Using Machine Learning Techniques. 空气污染物和气象因素对 COVID-19 感染传播和严重程度的滞后效应:使用机器学习技术。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.157
Nadia Mohammadi Dashtaki, Alireza Mirahmadizadeh, Mohammad Fararouei, Reza Mohammadi Dashtaki, Mohammad Hoseini, Mohammad Reza Nayeb

Background: Exposure to air pollution is a major health problem worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the level of air pollutants and meteorological parameters with their related lag time on the transmission and severity of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) using machine learning (ML) techniques in Shiraz, Iran. Study Design: An ecological study.

Methods: In this ecological research, three main ML techniques, including decision trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), have been applied to correlate meteorological parameters and air pollutants with infection transmission, hospitalization, and death due to COVID-19 from 1 October 2020 to 1 March 2022. These parameters and pollutants included particulate matter (PM2), sulfur dioxide (SO2 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ), nitric oxide (NO), ozone (O3 ), carbon monoxide (CO), temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), dew point (DP), air pressure (AP), and wind speed (WS).

Results: Based on the three ML techniques, NO2 (lag 5 day), CO (lag 4), and T (lag 25) were the most important environmental features affecting the spread of COVID-19 infection. In addition, the most important features contributing to hospitalization due to COVID-19 included RH (lag 28), T (lag 11), and O3 (lag 10). After adjusting for the number of infections, the most important features affecting the number of deaths caused by COVID-19 were NO2 (lag 20), O3 (lag 22), and NO (lag 23).

Conclusion: Our findings suggested that epidemics caused by COVID-19 and (possibly) similarly viral transmitted infections, including flu, air pollutants, and meteorological parameters, can be used to predict their burden on the community and health system. In addition, meteorological and air quality data should be included in preventive measures.

背景:暴露于空气污染是全世界的一个主要健康问题。本研究旨在利用机器学习(ML)技术研究伊朗设拉子的空气污染物水平和气象参数及其相关滞后时间对冠状病毒疾病 19(COVID-19)的传播和严重程度的影响。研究设计:生态研究:在这项生态研究中,应用了三种主要的 ML 技术,包括决策树、随机森林和极端梯度提升(XGBoost),将 2020 年 10 月 1 日至 2022 年 3 月 1 日期间的气象参数和空气污染物与 COVID-19 导致的感染传播、住院和死亡相关联。这些参数和污染物包括颗粒物(PM2)、二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)、一氧化氮(NO)、臭氧(O3)、一氧化碳(CO)、温度(T)、相对湿度(RH)、露点(DP)、气压(AP)和风速(WS):结果:根据三种 ML 技术,二氧化氮(滞后 5 天)、一氧化碳(滞后 4 天)和温度(滞后 25 天)是影响 COVID-19 感染传播的最重要环境特征。此外,导致 COVID-19 住院的最重要特征包括相对湿度(滞后 28 天)、T(滞后 11 天)和 O3(滞后 10 天)。在对感染人数进行调整后,影响 COVID-19 导致的死亡人数的最重要特征是 NO2(滞后 20)、O3(滞后 22)和 NO(滞后 23):我们的研究结果表明,COVID-19 和(可能)类似的病毒传播感染(包括流感)引起的流行病、空气污染物和气象参数可用于预测其对社区和卫生系统造成的负担。此外,气象和空气质量数据也应纳入预防措施中。
{"title":"The Lag -Effects of Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors on COVID-19 Infection Transmission and Severity: Using Machine Learning Techniques.","authors":"Nadia Mohammadi Dashtaki, Alireza Mirahmadizadeh, Mohammad Fararouei, Reza Mohammadi Dashtaki, Mohammad Hoseini, Mohammad Reza Nayeb","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.157","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to air pollution is a major health problem worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the level of air pollutants and meteorological parameters with their related lag time on the transmission and severity of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) using machine learning (ML) techniques in Shiraz, Iran. <b>Study Design:</b> An ecological study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this ecological research, three main ML techniques, including decision trees, random forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), have been applied to correlate meteorological parameters and air pollutants with infection transmission, hospitalization, and death due to COVID-19 from 1 October 2020 to 1 March 2022. These parameters and pollutants included particulate matter (PM2), sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub> ), nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub> ), nitric oxide (NO), ozone (O<sub>3</sub> ), carbon monoxide (CO), temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), dew point (DP), air pressure (AP), and wind speed (WS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the three ML techniques, NO<sub>2</sub> (lag 5 day), CO (lag 4), and T (lag 25) were the most important environmental features affecting the spread of COVID-19 infection. In addition, the most important features contributing to hospitalization due to COVID-19 included RH (lag 28), T (lag 11), and O<sub>3</sub> (lag 10). After adjusting for the number of infections, the most important features affecting the number of deaths caused by COVID-19 were NO<sub>2</sub> (lag 20), O<sub>3</sub> (lag 22), and NO (lag 23).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggested that epidemics caused by COVID-19 and (possibly) similarly viral transmitted infections, including flu, air pollutants, and meteorological parameters, can be used to predict their burden on the community and health system. In addition, meteorological and air quality data should be included in preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 3","pages":"e00622"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Frequency of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children from West of Iran and Genotyping of Rotavirus Isolates: A Suggestion for Further Changes in Childhood Immunization Program. 伊朗西部儿童患轮状病毒肠胃炎的频率和轮状病毒分离株的基因分型:建议进一步修改儿童免疫计划。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.156
Parinaz Sedighi, Manoochehr Karami, Mehta Razzaghi, Maryam Emamjamaat, Abdollah Karimi, Roxana Mansour Ghanaiee, Masoud Alebouyeh, Iraj Sedighi

Background: Rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis among children. Currently, four oral live-attenuated vaccines are available to prevent rotavirus infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended including rotavirus vaccination in national immunization programs; however, it has not been introduced to the Iranian national immunization program. The study aimed to assess the frequency of rotavirus gastroenteritis in the west of Iran and investigate the necessity of rotavirus vaccination. Study Design: A case series study.

Methods: In this case series study, 284 cases under six years of age who presented with acute gastroenteritis from March 2021 to 2022 to a referral hospital in the west of Iran were evaluated. Data on baseline characteristics, clinical manifestations, results of stool test, ELISA for rotavirus detection, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for genotyping of rotavirus-positive samples were recorded.

Results: Results showed that the prevalence of rotavirus infection was 36.6%. The highest frequency was observed among children aged 6-12 months and during the autumn. According to the PCR results, G1P[8], G9P[8], G9P[4], and G1P [4] were the dominant genotypes, and 33.75% of samples were infected with multiple rotavirus genotypes.

Conclusion: The study highlights the considerable prevalence of rotavirus infection among cases of acute gastroenteritis in children under six years of age who were referred to a referral hospital in the west of Iran and the high diversity of rotavirus genotypes in the targeted community. Consequently, physicians and health policymakers should prioritize strategies for the prevention and control of this infection, particularly by considering the rotavirus vaccine as a priority for the Iranian national immunization program.

背景:轮状病毒是儿童肠胃炎最常见的病因。目前,有四种口服减毒活疫苗可用于预防轮状病毒感染。世界卫生组织(WHO)建议将轮状病毒疫苗接种纳入国家免疫计划,但伊朗尚未将其纳入国家免疫计划。本研究旨在评估伊朗西部地区轮状病毒肠胃炎的发病率,并调查接种轮状病毒疫苗的必要性。研究设计:病例系列研究:病例系列研究:在这项病例系列研究中,对 2021 年 3 月至 2022 年期间在伊朗西部一家转诊医院就诊的 284 例六岁以下急性肠胃炎病例进行了评估。研究记录了基线特征、临床表现、粪便检测结果、检测轮状病毒的酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)和对轮状病毒阳性样本进行基因分型的聚合酶链反应(PCR)试验等数据:结果显示,轮状病毒感染率为 36.6%。结果显示,轮状病毒感染率为 36.6%,6-12 个月的儿童和秋季的儿童感染率最高。PCR结果显示,G1P[8]、G9P[8]、G9P[4]和G1P[4]为主要基因型,33.75%的样本感染多种轮状病毒基因型:这项研究表明,在伊朗西部一家转诊医院就诊的六岁以下儿童急性肠胃炎病例中,轮状病毒感染的发病率相当高,而且目标社区的轮状病毒基因型具有高度多样性。因此,医生和卫生政策制定者应优先考虑预防和控制这种感染的策略,特别是考虑将轮状病毒疫苗作为伊朗国家免疫计划的优先事项。
{"title":"The Frequency of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children from West of Iran and Genotyping of Rotavirus Isolates: A Suggestion for Further Changes in Childhood Immunization Program.","authors":"Parinaz Sedighi, Manoochehr Karami, Mehta Razzaghi, Maryam Emamjamaat, Abdollah Karimi, Roxana Mansour Ghanaiee, Masoud Alebouyeh, Iraj Sedighi","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.156","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rotavirus is the most common cause of gastroenteritis among children. Currently, four oral live-attenuated vaccines are available to prevent rotavirus infection. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended including rotavirus vaccination in national immunization programs; however, it has not been introduced to the Iranian national immunization program. The study aimed to assess the frequency of rotavirus gastroenteritis in the west of Iran and investigate the necessity of rotavirus vaccination. <b>Study Design:</b> A case series study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this case series study, 284 cases under six years of age who presented with acute gastroenteritis from March 2021 to 2022 to a referral hospital in the west of Iran were evaluated. Data on baseline characteristics, clinical manifestations, results of stool test, ELISA for rotavirus detection, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for genotyping of rotavirus-positive samples were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results showed that the prevalence of rotavirus infection was 36.6%. The highest frequency was observed among children aged 6-12 months and during the autumn. According to the PCR results, G1P[8], G9P[8], G9P[4], and G1P [4] were the dominant genotypes, and 33.75% of samples were infected with multiple rotavirus genotypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the considerable prevalence of rotavirus infection among cases of acute gastroenteritis in children under six years of age who were referred to a referral hospital in the west of Iran and the high diversity of rotavirus genotypes in the targeted community. Consequently, physicians and health policymakers should prioritize strategies for the prevention and control of this infection, particularly by considering the rotavirus vaccine as a priority for the Iranian national immunization program.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 3","pages":"e00621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correction: The Role of Social Support in Preventing Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. 更正:社会支持在预防自杀意念和行为中的作用:系统回顾与元分析》。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-14 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.160
Nahid Darvishi, Mehran Farhadi, Jalal Poorolajal

In the article titled "The Role of Social Support in Preventing Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,"1 published as e00609 on June 1, 2024, in the Journal of Research in Health Sciences, corrections have been made to the author list and affiliations. The second affiliation of the first author, Nahid Darvishi, was omitted. The order of the corresponding author, Mehran Farhadi, has been changed from fourth to second. Additionally, the third author has withdrawn from the article due to personal reasons, prompting adjustments in the order of co-authors and their affiliations. These corrections have been applied to both the PDF and HTML versions of the article.

健康科学研究》杂志于 2024 年 6 月 1 日发表了题为《社会支持在预防自杀意念和行为中的作用》(The Role of Social Support in Preventing Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors:1 的文章中,作者名单和单位有误。第一作者Nahid Darvishi的第二单位被省略。通讯作者 Mehran Farhadi 的顺序从第四位改为第二位。此外,第三作者因个人原因退出了文章,因此共同作者及其所属单位的顺序有所调整。这些更正同时适用于文章的 PDF 和 HTML 版本。
{"title":"Correction: The Role of Social Support in Preventing Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nahid Darvishi, Mehran Farhadi, Jalal Poorolajal","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.160","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the article titled \"The Role of Social Support in Preventing Suicidal Ideations and Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis,\"1 published as e00609 on June 1, 2024, in the Journal of Research in Health Sciences, corrections have been made to the author list and affiliations. The second affiliation of the first author, Nahid Darvishi, was omitted. The order of the corresponding author, Mehran Farhadi, has been changed from fourth to second. Additionally, the third author has withdrawn from the article due to personal reasons, prompting adjustments in the order of co-authors and their affiliations. These corrections have been applied to both the PDF and HTML versions of the article.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 3","pages":"e00625"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary Inflammatory Index and Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran. 膳食炎症指数与头颈癌:伊朗多中心病例对照研究》。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.159
Saba Narmcheshm, Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Bahareh Sasanfar, Hamideh Rashidian, Maryam Hadji, Elham Mohebbi, Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami, Paolo Boffetta, Fatemeh Toorang, Kazem Zendehdel

Background: The inflammatory potential of diet may affect carcinogenesis. This study aimed to determine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC), as well as the interaction between DII and cigarette smoking in HNC development within the Iranian population. Study Design: This is a case-control study.

Methods: In this multicenter case-control study, participants' dietary intake was assessed using a validated 130-item food frequency questionnaire, from which DII was computed. The study recruited 876 new cases from referral hospitals across 10 provinces and 3409 healthy controls who were frequency-matched based on age, gender, and residential place. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for HNC across tertiles of DII, which were adjusted for confounding variables.

Results: A higher pro-inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk of all HNC (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.31 [1.06, 1.62]; P-trend=0.013). There was a significant association between lip and oral cavity cancers and DII (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.56 [1.16, 1.66]; P-trend=0.004). Furthermore, an inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk of pharynx cancer (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.08 [1.14, 3.79]; P-trend=0.02). Additionally, no significant association was observed between DII and larynx cancer, while an interaction was found between DII and tobacco use on the risk of HNC (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.52 [1.78, 3.57]; P-interaction=0.03).

Conclusion: DII was positively associated with HNC risk. There was a significant association between DII and the risk of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers. Additionally, there was an interaction between tobacco use and DII in determining the risk of HNC.

背景:饮食的炎症潜能可能会影响致癌。本研究旨在确定伊朗人群中饮食炎症指数(DII)与头颈癌(HNC)发病风险之间的关系,以及 DII 与吸烟在 HNC 发病中的相互作用。研究设计:这是一项病例对照研究:在这项多中心病例对照研究中,使用经过验证的 130 项食物频率问卷评估参与者的饮食摄入量,并从中计算出 DII。研究从 10 个省的转诊医院招募了 876 名新病例,并根据年龄、性别和居住地对 3409 名健康对照者进行了频率匹配。研究采用逻辑回归法得出了不同DII分层的HNC几率比(ORs),并对混杂变量进行了调整:结果:较高的促炎饮食与所有 HNC 风险的增加有关(OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]:1.31 [1.06, 1.62];P-趋势=0.013)。唇癌和口腔癌与 DII 有明显关联(OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.56 [1.16, 1.66];P-趋势=0.004)。此外,炎症性饮食与咽癌风险增加有关(OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]:2.08 [1.14,3.79];P-趋势=0.02)。此外,在 DII 与喉癌之间没有观察到明显的关联,而在 DII 与吸烟对 HNC 风险的影响之间存在交互作用(OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.52 [1.78, 3.57];P-交互作用=0.03):结论:DII与HNC风险呈正相关。结论:DII 与 HNC 风险呈正相关,DII 与罹患唇癌、口腔癌和咽癌的风险有明显关联。此外,吸烟与 DII 在决定 HNC 风险方面存在交互作用。
{"title":"Dietary Inflammatory Index and Head and Neck Cancer: A Multicenter Case-Control Study in Iran.","authors":"Saba Narmcheshm, Monireh Sadat Seyyedsalehi, Bahareh Sasanfar, Hamideh Rashidian, Maryam Hadji, Elham Mohebbi, Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami, Paolo Boffetta, Fatemeh Toorang, Kazem Zendehdel","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.159","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The inflammatory potential of diet may affect carcinogenesis. This study aimed to determine the association between dietary inflammatory index (DII) and the risk of head and neck cancer (HNC), as well as the interaction between DII and cigarette smoking in HNC development within the Iranian population. <b>Study Design:</b> This is a case-control study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this multicenter case-control study, participants' dietary intake was assessed using a validated 130-item food frequency questionnaire, from which DII was computed. The study recruited 876 new cases from referral hospitals across 10 provinces and 3409 healthy controls who were frequency-matched based on age, gender, and residential place. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) for HNC across tertiles of DII, which were adjusted for confounding variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A higher pro-inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk of all HNC (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.31 [1.06, 1.62]; <i>P</i>-trend=0.013). There was a significant association between lip and oral cavity cancers and DII (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 1.56 [1.16, 1.66]; <i>P</i>-trend=0.004). Furthermore, an inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk of pharynx cancer (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.08 [1.14, 3.79]; <i>P</i>-trend=0.02). Additionally, no significant association was observed between DII and larynx cancer, while an interaction was found between DII and tobacco use on the risk of HNC (OR T3 vs. T1 [95% CI]: 2.52 [1.78, 3.57]; <i>P</i>-interaction=0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DII was positively associated with HNC risk. There was a significant association between DII and the risk of lip, oral cavity, and pharynx cancers. Additionally, there was an interaction between tobacco use and DII in determining the risk of HNC.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 3","pages":"e00624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Factors Influencing the Use of Tobacco Among Youth in Low-Income, Lower-Middle-Income, and Upper-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. 影响低收入、中低收入和中高收入国家青少年吸烟的因素:系统回顾。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.152
Fahad Ali Mangrio, Penpaktr Uthis, Suwimon Rojnawee

Background: The use of tobacco is a significant global public health issue. According to the World Health Organization, tobacco use is a considerable risk factor for many diseases and causes more than 8 million deaths per year, with a disproportionate impact on low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to identify the factors influencing tobacco use among youth in low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries. Study Design: A system review.

Methods: The review followed the PRISMA guidelines, and the protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023430552). Several data sources were utilized, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ProQuest, and cross-sectional data from participants aged 15‒24 underwent investigation. Original full-text articles have been published between 2015 and 2023. Out of the 2892 studies, 20 were included in this review after two reviewers confirmed the eligibility criteria.

Results: The average age of the participants was (mean±standard deviation: 19.45±1.686). Most studies were conducted in lower-middle and upper-middle-income countries. Frequently reported influences were at the individual and social levels, including demographic, economic, and psychological parameters, attitude and knowledge, individual behavioral factors, parental education, family member tobacco use, stressful life events, and social networks. At the environmental level, factors included secondhand smoke exposure, community context, media channels, and access to tobacco.

Conclusion: The findings demonstrated a significant association between youth tobacco use and individual-, social-, and environmental-level factors. Consequently, specific interventions targeting these factors should be deployed to mitigate youth tobacco use in various socioeconomic settings.

背景:烟草使用是一个重大的全球公共卫生问题。世界卫生组织指出,烟草使用是许多疾病的重要风险因素,每年导致 800 多万人死亡,对中低收入国家的影响尤为严重。因此,本系统综述旨在确定影响低收入、中低收入和中高收入国家青少年烟草使用的因素。研究设计:方法:综述遵循 PRISMA 指南,综述方案在 PROSPERO(CRD42023430552)上注册。采用了多个数据源,包括 PubMed、Scopus、ScienceDirect、MEDLINE、CINAHL 和 ProQuest,并对 15-24 岁参与者的横断面数据进行了调查。原始全文文章发表于 2015 年至 2023 年之间。在 2892 项研究中,经两名审稿人确认资格标准后,20 项研究被纳入本综述:参与者的平均年龄为(平均值±标准差:19.45±1.686)岁。大多数研究在中低收入和中高收入国家进行。经常报道的影响因素来自个人和社会层面,包括人口、经济和心理参数、态度和知识、个人行为因素、父母教育、家庭成员吸烟、生活压力事件和社会网络。在环境层面,因素包括二手烟暴露、社区环境、媒体渠道和获得烟草的途径:结论:研究结果表明,青少年烟草使用与个人、社会和环境因素之间存在显著关联。因此,应针对这些因素采取具体的干预措施,以减少不同社会经济环境下的青少年烟草使用。
{"title":"Factors Influencing the Use of Tobacco Among Youth in Low-Income, Lower-Middle-Income, and Upper-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Fahad Ali Mangrio, Penpaktr Uthis, Suwimon Rojnawee","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.152","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of tobacco is a significant global public health issue. According to the World Health Organization, tobacco use is a considerable risk factor for many diseases and causes more than 8 million deaths per year, with a disproportionate impact on low- and middle-income countries. Therefore, this systematic review was conducted to identify the factors influencing tobacco use among youth in low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income countries. <b>Study Design:</b> A system review.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The review followed the PRISMA guidelines, and the protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023430552). Several data sources were utilized, including PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and ProQuest, and cross-sectional data from participants aged 15‒24 underwent investigation. Original full-text articles have been published between 2015 and 2023. Out of the 2892 studies, 20 were included in this review after two reviewers confirmed the eligibility criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the participants was (mean±standard deviation: 19.45±1.686). Most studies were conducted in lower-middle and upper-middle-income countries. Frequently reported influences were at the individual and social levels, including demographic, economic, and psychological parameters, attitude and knowledge, individual behavioral factors, parental education, family member tobacco use, stressful life events, and social networks. At the environmental level, factors included secondhand smoke exposure, community context, media channels, and access to tobacco.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings demonstrated a significant association between youth tobacco use and individual-, social-, and environmental-level factors. Consequently, specific interventions targeting these factors should be deployed to mitigate youth tobacco use in various socioeconomic settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 3","pages":"e00617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sociodemographic Characteristics and Digital Behaviors Associated with the Use of Fitness and Diet Apps Among Adolescents. 与青少年使用健身和饮食应用程序相关的社会人口特征和数字行为。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.154
Tatjana Gazibara, Milica Cakic, Jelena Cakic, Anita Grgurevic, Tatjana Pekemezovic

Background: Numerous health apps focusing on fitness, nutrition, and physical activity are available, yet many adolescents have never used them. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of the use of fitness and diet apps and related socio-demographic factors and digital behaviors among high school students. Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: High school students were recruited from 4 out of 21 public high schools in Belgrade, Serbia. Participants filled out an anonymous questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics and digital behaviors, along with the e-health literacy scale (eHEALS). Adjusted logistic regression was applied for data analysis using SPSS 20.

Results: Of the 702 students who completed the questionnaire, 670 used smartphones (95.4%; average age 16.5±1.2 years). The prevalence of fitness and diet app use among girls was 29.7% and 9.6%, as well as 17.3% and 3.6% among boys, respectively. Having higher family income, having better e-health literacy, browsing websites about fitness and diet, and using diet apps but not watching YouTube were associated with the use of fitness apps among girls. Being younger and browsing fitness websites and YouTube were associated with the use of fitness apps among boys. Being younger, browsing websites about diet, and using fitness apps were associated with the use of diet apps among girls.

Conclusion: Based on the findings, girls used fitness and diet apps more often than boys. Practical demonstrations on how to utilize certain health apps could be an additional opportunity to support positive health behaviors among adolescents.

背景介绍目前市面上有许多以健身、营养和体育锻炼为主题的健康应用程序,但许多青少年从未使用过这些应用程序。本研究旨在评估高中生使用健身和饮食应用程序的普遍程度,以及相关的社会人口因素和数字化行为。研究设计方法:从塞尔维亚贝尔格莱德 21 所公立高中中的 4 所招募高中生。参与者填写了一份匿名问卷,内容涉及社会人口特征、数字化行为以及电子健康素养量表(eHEALS)。使用 SPSS 20 对数据进行了调整后的逻辑回归分析:在完成问卷的 702 名学生中,有 670 人使用智能手机(95.4%;平均年龄为 16.5±1.2 岁)。女生使用健身和饮食应用程序的比例分别为 29.7% 和 9.6%,男生分别为 17.3% 和 3.6%。家庭收入较高、电子健康知识水平较高、浏览有关健身和饮食的网站、使用饮食应用程序而不观看 YouTube 与女孩使用健身应用程序有关。年龄越小、浏览健身网站和 YouTube 与男孩使用健身应用程序有关。年龄越小、浏览有关饮食的网站和使用健身应用程序与女孩使用饮食应用程序有关:根据调查结果,女生比男生更经常使用健身和减肥应用程序。关于如何使用某些健康应用程序的实际演示可能是支持青少年积极健康行为的又一个机会。
{"title":"Sociodemographic Characteristics and Digital Behaviors Associated with the Use of Fitness and Diet Apps Among Adolescents.","authors":"Tatjana Gazibara, Milica Cakic, Jelena Cakic, Anita Grgurevic, Tatjana Pekemezovic","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.154","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Numerous health apps focusing on fitness, nutrition, and physical activity are available, yet many adolescents have never used them. The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of the use of fitness and diet apps and related socio-demographic factors and digital behaviors among high school students. <b>Study Design:</b> A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>High school students were recruited from 4 out of 21 public high schools in Belgrade, Serbia. Participants filled out an anonymous questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics and digital behaviors, along with the e-health literacy scale (eHEALS). Adjusted logistic regression was applied for data analysis using SPSS 20.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 702 students who completed the questionnaire, 670 used smartphones (95.4%; average age 16.5±1.2 years). The prevalence of fitness and diet app use among girls was 29.7% and 9.6%, as well as 17.3% and 3.6% among boys, respectively. Having higher family income, having better e-health literacy, browsing websites about fitness and diet, and using diet apps but not watching YouTube were associated with the use of fitness apps among girls. Being younger and browsing fitness websites and YouTube were associated with the use of fitness apps among boys. Being younger, browsing websites about diet, and using fitness apps were associated with the use of diet apps among girls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the findings, girls used fitness and diet apps more often than boys. Practical demonstrations on how to utilize certain health apps could be an additional opportunity to support positive health behaviors among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 3","pages":"e00619"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of a Cognitive-Behavioral Group Counseling Program on Weight Bias Internalization and Psychological Outcomes Among Obese Youth in Mahasarakham University, Thailand. 认知行为团体辅导计划对泰国玛哈沙拉堪大学肥胖青少年体重偏差内化和心理结果的影响》(Effects of a Cognitive-Behavioral Group Counseling Program on Weight Bias Internalization and Psychological Outcomes Among Obese Youth in Mahasarakham University, Thailand)。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.155
Suneerat Yangyuen, Thidarat Somdee, Meihua Yin, Atchara Chaichan, Supattra Keawmuang

Background: Weight bias internalization (WBI) is a serious challenge because of its negative impact on psychological consequences. Although the cognitive-behavioral intervention has been applied to reduce WBI, little is known about its effectiveness among Thai obese youth. Thus, this study sought to determine the effects of a cognitive-behavioral group counseling (CBGC) program on WBI and psychological outcomes in obese youths. Study Design: A randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Eighty obese youths were randomly allocated to two intervention (n=40) and control (n=40) groups. The intervention group received a CBGC program in three sessions with ten activities, while the control group performed their usual counseling process. Data were collected through standardized interviewers with a structured interview questionnaire. The chi-square test, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, repeated measure ANOVA, and multivariate linear regression were applied for data analyses.

Results: At the follow-up visit, the intervention group had a significant decrease in the mean of WBI, depression, and perceived stress and an increased mean of self-esteem compared to the control group. After adjusting baseline characteristics and baseline outcome values, the intervention also significantly improved WBI (B=-6.82, P<0.001), depression (B=-4.17, P<0.001), perceived stress (B=-6.01, P<0.001), and self-esteem (B=5.07, P<0.001).

Conclusion: The CBGC program effectively reduced WBI, depression, and perceived stress while improving self-esteem among obese youths. This study recommends that group counseling programs be employed as part of a counseling process for obese youth who have experienced WBI.

背景:体重偏差内化(WBI)是一项严峻的挑战,因为它会对心理后果产生负面影响。虽然认知行为干预已被用于减少体重偏差内化,但人们对其在泰国肥胖青少年中的效果知之甚少。因此,本研究试图确定认知行为团体辅导(CBGC)项目对肥胖青少年的 WBI 和心理后果的影响。研究设计:随机对照试验:80名肥胖青少年被随机分配到干预组(40人)和对照组(40人)。干预组接受CBGC项目,共三节课,包括十项活动,而对照组则进行常规咨询。数据由标准化访谈人员通过结构化访谈问卷收集。数据分析采用了卡方检验、独立样本 t 检验、曼-惠特尼 U 检验、重复测量方差分析和多元线性回归:在随访中,与对照组相比,干预组的WBI、抑郁和感知压力平均值显著下降,自尊平均值上升。在对基线特征和基线结果值进行调整后,干预组也显著改善了WBI(B=-6.82,PPPPC结论:CBGC项目有效降低了WBI:CBGC项目有效降低了肥胖青少年的WBI、抑郁和感知压力,同时提高了他们的自尊心。本研究建议将团体辅导计划作为对经历过 WBI 的肥胖青少年进行辅导的一部分。
{"title":"Effects of a Cognitive-Behavioral Group Counseling Program on Weight Bias Internalization and Psychological Outcomes Among Obese Youth in Mahasarakham University, Thailand.","authors":"Suneerat Yangyuen, Thidarat Somdee, Meihua Yin, Atchara Chaichan, Supattra Keawmuang","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.155","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Weight bias internalization (WBI) is a serious challenge because of its negative impact on psychological consequences. Although the cognitive-behavioral intervention has been applied to reduce WBI, little is known about its effectiveness among Thai obese youth. Thus, this study sought to determine the effects of a cognitive-behavioral group counseling (CBGC) program on WBI and psychological outcomes in obese youths. <b>Study Design:</b> A randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty obese youths were randomly allocated to two intervention (n=40) and control (n=40) groups. The intervention group received a CBGC program in three sessions with ten activities, while the control group performed their usual counseling process. Data were collected through standardized interviewers with a structured interview questionnaire. The chi-square test, independent samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, repeated measure ANOVA, and multivariate linear regression were applied for data analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the follow-up visit, the intervention group had a significant decrease in the mean of WBI, depression, and perceived stress and an increased mean of self-esteem compared to the control group. After adjusting baseline characteristics and baseline outcome values, the intervention also significantly improved WBI (B=-6.82, <i>P</i><0.001), depression (B=-4.17, <i>P</i><0.001), perceived stress (B=-6.01, <i>P</i><0.001), and self-esteem (B=5.07, <i>P</i><0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CBGC program effectively reduced WBI, depression, and perceived stress while improving self-esteem among obese youths. This study recommends that group counseling programs be employed as part of a counseling process for obese youth who have experienced WBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 3","pages":"e00620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling the Impact of Ergonomic Interventions and Occupational Factors on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Neck of Office Workers with Machine Learning Methods. 用机器学习方法模拟人体工程学干预措施和职业因素对办公室工作人员颈部工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病的影响。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-31 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.158
Mohammad Sadegh Sohrabi, Hassan Khotanlou, Rashid Heidarimoghadam, Iraj Mohammadfam, Mohammad Babamiri, Ali Reza Soltanian

Background: Modeling with methods based on machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence can help understand the complex relationships between ergonomic risk factors and employee health. The aim of this study was to use ML methods to estimate the effect of individual factors, ergonomic interventions, quality of work life (QWL), and productivity on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in the neck area of office workers. Study Design: A quasi-randomized control trial.

Methods: To measure the impact of interventions, modeling with the ML method was performed on the data of a quasi-randomized control trial. The data included the information of 311 office workers (aged 32.04±5.34). Method neighborhood component analysis (NCA) was used to measure the effect of factors affecting WMSDs, and then support vector machines (SVMs) and decision tree algorithms were utilized to classify the decrease or increase of disorders.

Results: Three classified models were designed according to the follow-up times of the field study, with accuracies of 86.5%, 80.3%, and 69%, respectively. These models could estimate most influencer factors with acceptable sensitivity. The main factors included age, body mass index, interventions, QWL, some subscales, and several psychological factors. Models predicted that relative absenteeism and presenteeism were not related to the outputs.

Conclusion: In this study, the focus was on disorders in the neck, and the obtained models revealed that individual and management interventions can be the main factors in reducing WMSDs in the neck. Modeling with ML methods can create a new understanding of the relationships between variables affecting WMSDs.

背景:利用基于机器学习(ML)和人工智能的方法进行建模,有助于了解人体工程学风险因素与员工健康之间的复杂关系。本研究旨在使用 ML 方法估算个体因素、人体工程学干预措施、工作生活质量(QWL)和生产率对办公室工作人员颈部工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病(WMSDs)的影响。研究设计:准随机对照试验:为了衡量干预措施的影响,对一项准随机对照试验的数据采用 ML 方法进行了建模。数据包括 311 名上班族(年龄为 32.04±5.34)的信息。采用邻近成分分析法(NCA)来衡量影响WMSDs的因素的影响,然后利用支持向量机(SVM)和决策树算法来对疾病的减少或增加进行分类:根据实地研究的随访时间设计了三种分类模型,准确率分别为 86.5%、80.3% 和 69%。这些模型可以估算出大多数影响因素,灵敏度尚可。主要因素包括年龄、体重指数、干预措施、QWL、某些分量表以及一些心理因素。模型预测相对缺勤率和缺勤率与产出无关:本研究的重点是颈部疾病,所得模型显示,个人和管理干预是减少颈部 WMSDs 的主要因素。使用 ML 方法建模可以对影响 WMSDs 的变量之间的关系产生新的认识。
{"title":"Modeling the Impact of Ergonomic Interventions and Occupational Factors on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Neck of Office Workers with Machine Learning Methods.","authors":"Mohammad Sadegh Sohrabi, Hassan Khotanlou, Rashid Heidarimoghadam, Iraj Mohammadfam, Mohammad Babamiri, Ali Reza Soltanian","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.158","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Modeling with methods based on machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence can help understand the complex relationships between ergonomic risk factors and employee health. The aim of this study was to use ML methods to estimate the effect of individual factors, ergonomic interventions, quality of work life (QWL), and productivity on work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in the neck area of office workers. <b>Study Design:</b> A quasi-randomized control trial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To measure the impact of interventions, modeling with the ML method was performed on the data of a quasi-randomized control trial. The data included the information of 311 office workers (aged 32.04±5.34). Method neighborhood component analysis (NCA) was used to measure the effect of factors affecting WMSDs, and then support vector machines (SVMs) and decision tree algorithms were utilized to classify the decrease or increase of disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three classified models were designed according to the follow-up times of the field study, with accuracies of 86.5%, 80.3%, and 69%, respectively. These models could estimate most influencer factors with acceptable sensitivity. The main factors included age, body mass index, interventions, QWL, some subscales, and several psychological factors. Models predicted that relative absenteeism and presenteeism were not related to the outputs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, the focus was on disorders in the neck, and the obtained models revealed that individual and management interventions can be the main factors in reducing WMSDs in the neck. Modeling with ML methods can create a new understanding of the relationships between variables affecting WMSDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 3","pages":"e00623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142289803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trauma Profile in Shahroud: An 8-Year Report of a Hospital-Based Trauma Registry. 沙赫鲁德的创伤概况:医院创伤登记处 8 年报告。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.142
Mahgol Sadat Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Vali Baigi, Mohammadreza Zafarghandi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Salman Daliri, Sara Mirzamohamadi, Armin Khavandegar, Khatereh Naghdi, Payman Salamati

Background: Trauma is a significant public health concern in Iran, with high mortality and morbidity rates. This study aimed to assess trauma patients' profiles in Shahroud, Iran. Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: The study involved trauma patients who met specific criteria at Imam Hossein hospital in Shahroud, Iran, between 2016 and 2023, using the National Trauma Registry of Iran (NTRI). The relationship between injury characteristics and the cause of injury was analyzed using chi-square test and post hoc analysis. Quintile regression models assessed the association of demographic and clinical variables with length of stay.

Results: Among 3513 trauma patients, road traffic crashes (RTCs) had a higher percentage of injuries with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) between 9 and 12 (1.7%) compared to falls (0.3%) (P<0.001). Falls caused more moderate cases with injury severity scores (ISS) ranging from 9 to 15 (22.7%) than RTCs (17.1%) (P<0.001). RTC-related injuries required more ventilation (2.7%) and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (11.1%) than falls (P<0.001). After adjusting for age, GCS, ISS, and body region, fall had a median length of stay nine hours shorter than RTCs (95% CI = -16.2, -1.8).

Conclusion: Significant injury pattern differences were observed between RTCs and falls. RTCs had higher frequencies of injuries resulting in GCS scores between 9 and 12, while falls had higher frequencies of moderate ISS scores. In addition, patients with RTC-related injuries required more mechanical ventilation and ICU admissions. Moreover, after adjusting for various factors, patients with RTC-related injuries had a significantly longer hospital stay compared to those with fall-related injuries.

背景:在伊朗,创伤是一个重大的公共卫生问题,死亡率和发病率都很高。本研究旨在评估伊朗沙赫鲁德的创伤患者概况。研究设计:横断面研究:方法:横断面研究:研究涉及伊朗沙赫鲁德伊玛目侯赛因医院在 2016 年至 2023 年期间符合特定标准的创伤患者,研究使用了伊朗国家创伤登记处(NTRI)。采用卡方检验和事后分析方法分析了受伤特征与受伤原因之间的关系。五等分回归模型评估了人口统计学和临床变量与住院时间的关系:结果:在3513名外伤患者中,与跌倒(0.3%)相比,道路交通事故(RTC)中格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)在9到12级之间的受伤比例(1.7%)更高(PPP结论:在道路交通事故和跌倒之间观察到的受伤模式差异显著:在急诊室门诊和跌倒之间观察到了明显的伤害模式差异。造成 GCS 评分介于 9 到 12 分之间的损伤发生率较高,而造成中度 ISS 评分的损伤发生率较高。此外,RTC相关损伤的患者需要更多的机械通气和入住重症监护室。此外,在对各种因素进行调整后,与跌倒相关的损伤相比,RTC相关损伤患者的住院时间明显更长。
{"title":"Trauma Profile in Shahroud: An 8-Year Report of a Hospital-Based Trauma Registry.","authors":"Mahgol Sadat Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Vali Baigi, Mohammadreza Zafarghandi, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Salman Daliri, Sara Mirzamohamadi, Armin Khavandegar, Khatereh Naghdi, Payman Salamati","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.142","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trauma is a significant public health concern in Iran, with high mortality and morbidity rates. This study aimed to assess trauma patients' profiles in Shahroud, Iran. <b>Study Design:</b> A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved trauma patients who met specific criteria at Imam Hossein hospital in Shahroud, Iran, between 2016 and 2023, using the National Trauma Registry of Iran (NTRI). The relationship between injury characteristics and the cause of injury was analyzed using chi-square test and post hoc analysis. Quintile regression models assessed the association of demographic and clinical variables with length of stay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 3513 trauma patients, road traffic crashes (RTCs) had a higher percentage of injuries with the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) between 9 and 12 (1.7%) compared to falls (0.3%) (<i>P</i><0.001). Falls caused more moderate cases with injury severity scores (ISS) ranging from 9 to 15 (22.7%) than RTCs (17.1%) (<i>P</i><0.001). RTC-related injuries required more ventilation (2.7%) and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (11.1%) than falls (<i>P</i><0.001). After adjusting for age, GCS, ISS, and body region, fall had a median length of stay nine hours shorter than RTCs (95% CI = -16.2, -1.8).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant injury pattern differences were observed between RTCs and falls. RTCs had higher frequencies of injuries resulting in GCS scores between 9 and 12, while falls had higher frequencies of moderate ISS scores. In addition, patients with RTC-related injuries required more mechanical ventilation and ICU admissions. Moreover, after adjusting for various factors, patients with RTC-related injuries had a significantly longer hospital stay compared to those with fall-related injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"e00607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10999101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trend Analysis of Suicide and Homicide Mortality and Years of Life Lost (YLL) in Children Aged 10-19 Years in the South of Iran, 2004-2019. 2004-2019 年伊朗南部 10-19 岁儿童自杀和他杀死亡率及生命损失年数 (YLL) 趋势分析。
IF 1.4 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Epub Date: 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.34172/jrhs.2024.141
Habibollah Azarbakhsh, Fatemeh Jafari, Seyed Parsa Dehghani, Andishe Hamedi, Mohammad Hossein Sharifi, Alireza Mirahmadizadeh

Background: This study aimed to investigate mortality and years of life lost (YLL) due to suicide and homicide in children aged 10-19 years in southern Iran from 2004 to 2019. Study Design: A cross-sectional study.

Methods: The data on all deaths due to suicide and homicide in Fars province were obtained from the population-based electronic death registration system (EDRS). Crude mortality rate and YLL were calculated. The joinpoint regression method was used to examine the trend.

Results: During the study period, 563 cases of suicide and 218 cases of homicide in children aged 10-19 have occurred. The total number of YLL due to suicide was 9766 in men and 6261 in women. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, the trend of YLL due to suicide was increasing in males. In other words, the annual percent change (APC) was 4.8% (95% CI 0.4 to 9.5, P=0.036). Additionally, there was a constant trend in females, and APC was 2.7% (95% CI -2.0 to 7.7, P=0.241). The number of YLL due to homicide was 4890 in males and 1294 in females. The trend of YLL due to homicide was stable in males and females. In other words, APC was -1.6% (95% CI -5.6 to -2.6, P=0.422) in males and -2.7% (95% CI -10.0 to 5.2, P=0.467) in females.

Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the trend of mortality rate and YLL due to suicide in men has been increasing and it has been stable in women. Moreover, the trend of mortality due to homicide was stable for both males and females. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive actions.

背景:本研究旨在调查 2004 年至 2019 年伊朗南部 10-19 岁儿童因自杀和他杀导致的死亡率和生命损失年数 (YLL)。研究设计:横断面研究:横断面研究:从基于人口的电子死亡登记系统(EDRS)中获取法尔斯省所有因自杀和他杀死亡的数据。计算粗死亡率和YLL。采用连接点回归法研究趋势:在研究期间,10-19 岁儿童中发生了 563 例自杀和 218 例他杀。男性和女性因自杀而死亡的人数分别为 9766 人和 6261 人。根据联结点回归分析,男性因自杀而死亡的人数呈上升趋势。换句话说,每年的百分比变化(APC)为 4.8%(95% CI 0.4 至 9.5,P=0.036)。此外,女性的变化趋势保持不变,APC 为 2.7% (95% CI -2.0 至 7.7,P=0.241)。男性和女性因凶杀而导致的长寿人数分别为 4890 人和 1294 人。男性和女性因他杀而导致的年死亡率趋势稳定。换言之,男性的APC为-1.6%(95% CI -5.6至-2.6,P=0.422),女性为-2.7%(95% CI -10.0至5.2,P=0.467):根据这项研究的结果,男性因自杀导致的死亡率和YLL呈上升趋势,而女性则保持稳定。此外,男性和女性的凶杀死亡率趋势稳定。因此,有必要采取预防措施。
{"title":"Trend Analysis of Suicide and Homicide Mortality and Years of Life Lost (YLL) in Children Aged 10-19 Years in the South of Iran, 2004-2019.","authors":"Habibollah Azarbakhsh, Fatemeh Jafari, Seyed Parsa Dehghani, Andishe Hamedi, Mohammad Hossein Sharifi, Alireza Mirahmadizadeh","doi":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.141","DOIUrl":"10.34172/jrhs.2024.141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate mortality and years of life lost (YLL) due to suicide and homicide in children aged 10-19 years in southern Iran from 2004 to 2019. <b>Study Design:</b> A cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data on all deaths due to suicide and homicide in Fars province were obtained from the population-based electronic death registration system (EDRS). Crude mortality rate and YLL were calculated. The joinpoint regression method was used to examine the trend.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study period, 563 cases of suicide and 218 cases of homicide in children aged 10-19 have occurred. The total number of YLL due to suicide was 9766 in men and 6261 in women. According to the joinpoint regression analysis, the trend of YLL due to suicide was increasing in males. In other words, the annual percent change (APC) was 4.8% (95% CI 0.4 to 9.5, <i>P</i>=0.036). Additionally, there was a constant trend in females, and APC was 2.7% (95% CI -2.0 to 7.7, <i>P</i>=0.241). The number of YLL due to homicide was 4890 in males and 1294 in females. The trend of YLL due to homicide was stable in males and females. In other words, APC was -1.6% (95% CI -5.6 to -2.6, <i>P</i>=0.422) in males and -2.7% (95% CI -10.0 to 5.2, <i>P</i>=0.467) in females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the findings of this study, the trend of mortality rate and YLL due to suicide in men has been increasing and it has been stable in women. Moreover, the trend of mortality due to homicide was stable for both males and females. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of research in health sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":"e00606"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10999100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of research in health sciences
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1