Journal of The World Aquaculture Society最新文献

The integrated multitrophic aquaculture (IMTA) of sea cucumber and abalone has been proposed as a potential bioremediation tool that stimulates increased abalone growth. This study assessed the role of sea cucumber stocking density and frequency of tank cleaning in IMTA on growth, water, and sludge bioremediation. The study was conducted for 16 weeks and was made of four treatments and four replicates; abalone cocultured with sea cucumber (low density—27: 1 g [abalone (ab): sea cucumber (sc)]) with tanks cleaned once a week (L1); abalone cocultured with sea cucumber (low density) with tanks cleaned twice a week (L2); abalone cocultured with sea cucumber (high density—15:1 g [ab:sc]) with tanks cleaned once a week (H1) and abalone cocultured with sea cucumber (high density) with tanks cleaned twice a week (H2). Rearing water nitrite was significantly lower (p = 0.001) at high stocking density of sea cucumbers, but sludge was unaffected. Tanks cleaned once weekly had higher sludge organic matter (p = 0.015) and sludge sulfur content (p = 0.020) and lower sludge carbon (p = 0.003) and nitrogen content (p = 0.049). At the end of the experiment, the stocking density of sea cucumber and frequency of tank cleaning affected abalone mean weight [p = 0.047; p = 0.011, respectively] without a significant interaction (p = 0.517). Abalone in H1 had a higher mean weight and shell length than abalone in L2 and H2 but was similar to those in L1. The stocking density and frequency of cleaning used in this study had no effect on the growth of sea cucumbers [p = 0.150; p = 0.470, respectively]. This study has shown that in an abalone–sea cucumber IMTA system, the stocking density of sea cucumber and the frequency at which tanks are cleaned influence abalone growth and bioremediation of the rearing water. Our result suggests H1 as the best density (ab:sc) and cleaning frequency. The tank cleaning frequency alone affects the tank sludge quality; tanks need not be washed too frequently as, in addition to causing animal stress, cleaning markedly increased carbon and nitrogen level of tank sludge. Both these effects are likely to negatively impact abalone growth.

This study investigated the effects of water and feed-derived boron on the growth performance and blood parameters of Nile tilapia fingerlings. Two different experiments were designed for this purpose. The first phase of the study determined the LC₅₀ (96-h) value of boron for Nile tilapia. Fish were then fed in water containing boron at a ratio of 1:20 of the LC₅₀ value. In the second experiment, feed containing boron at different rates (0.00%, 0.01%, 0.05%, and 0.10%) was fed for 40 days. At the end of the feeding period, growth performance, hematology, and blood biochemistry parameters were determined. The study concluded with a calculated LC₅₀ value of 161.053 mg/L boron for Nile tilapia. The initial weight was 12.51 ± 0.79 g; at the end of feeding, the final weights were determined as 26.36 ± 0.15 g for the control and 28.07 ± 0.23, 32.28 ± 0.25 and 24.81 ± 0.48 g for 0.01%, 0.05% and 0.10% of boron feed treatments, respectively. At the end of feeding in water containing boron, the final weight of Nile tilapia was determined as 24.26 ± 0.26 g (LC₅₀/20%). The results showed that feeding Nile tilapia with 0.05% boron-supplemented feed stimulated growth and positively affected blood parameters, whereas waterborne boron inhibited Nile tilapia growth and negatively affected blood parameters.

The aim of this study was to assess the digestible protein value of three novel poultry products (Pea/Lentil-PM, Hen on Hen-PM, and soybean meal (SBM)-PM), then a growth trial with a 2 × 5 design was conducted where SBM-PM was included at five levels: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 30% in both a fish meal (FM)-based diet and a plant protein (PP)-based diet. Thirty rainbow trout (initial size = 10.7 ± 0.15 g; Troutlodge Inc, Sumner, WA) per tank were stocked into a 15°C recirculating system. Fish in triplicate tanks were fed twice daily to apparent satiation for 12 weeks. SBM-PM had no effect on final weight (p = 0.3665; FM 233 vs. PP 237) or growth rate (p = 0.4703; FM 2070% vs. PP 2097%). Significant interactions between dietary protein and SBM-PM for both intake (p = 0.0080) and FCR (p = 0.0081) indicate increased intake of fish fed the plant protein-based diet without SBM-PM. Regression modeling of this effect yields a polynomial model with an R-square of 0.78; p < 0.0001 explained by the relationships: $��\text{Plant}��\mathrm{FCR}�=�0.875�-�0.0087��\text{Inclusion}�+�0.00062��{\text{Inclusion}}^2�$ and $��\text{Plant intake}�=�2.02�-�0.02��\text{Inclusion}�+�0.0014��{\text{Inclusion}}^2�$, respectively. These values suggest that the SBM-PM can be included up to 30% in rainbow trout feeds to reduce feed costs without negatively impacting performance.

Depleting European lobster, Homarus gammarus, wild stocks from historic overexploitation, stock enhancement programs, and farming of this lucrative species are viable options for meeting consumer demand. Early larval stages pose a hatchery challenge because of low survival rates. This study evaluates pseudo-green water benefits during the larval stage. Commonly used aquaculture algal species, Tetraselmis suecica (TS), Dunaliella tertiolecta (DT), and Nannochloropsis sp. (N), were tested as a monoculture or mixture treatment over 13 days post-hatching of the lobster larvae, from this, seven treatment permutations (TS, DT, N, TS + DT, TS + N, DT + N, and TS + DT + N) were included. A further eighth treatment with no added algae was used as a basal reference point (control). The growth assessment found that co-culturing had benefited carapace length and shell coloration (cephalothorax, p = 0.023) but no enhancement to the weight or survival ratios was observed. All larvae reached stage III by the 13th day, with survival rates ranging between 12.5% and 20%. Results indicated that mixed algal species generally had higher mean growth perfromance values than monoalgal cultures and clearer water. Nannochloropsis sp. significantly improved growth performance (higher weight and length). Algal matrices containing Nannochloropsis sp. resulted in the highest growth performance, emphasizing the importance of co-culturing lobster larvae with algae to improve hatchery operations.

Estimating fish growth in real time has many benefits for indoor aquaculture farms, such as saving labor time and costs, reducing water pollution during feeding, improving feeding activity and determining when to harvest. Hence, this study proposed a visual-information-based method for measuring olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) length, using accurate growth tracking for efficient aquaculture management. Using two cameras, an light-emitting-diode (LED) grid was placed at the bottom of the water tank to measure fish length. The pixels unit from the fish length in the captured image was converted to centimeters based on the relationship of a pre-built dataset. A total of 180 lengths were calculated using images captured by the cameras. The average length of each fish acquired from the cameras was calculated separately, and Lagrange's interpolating polynomial algorithm was implemented to calculate the overall length of each fish. This method reduced the computational complexity, and results were obtained more rapidly and in a user-friendly environment. The power model generated the length–weight relationship, which allowed us to estimate the body weight of each olive flounder based on the length. The proposed approach enabled us to calculate the length of olive flounders with a highly accurate R² of 0.995.

This research article presents a systematic literature review on the current state-of-the-art artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies used in aquaculture applications. As the demand for seafood continues to grow, the aquaculture industry faces numerous challenges, including disease management, feeding optimization, water quality monitoring, and extraction of aquaculture area. To address these challenges effectively and sustainably, AI techniques have been increasingly applied in aquaculture systems over recent years. This review aims to analyze various AI methodologies utilized within different aspects of aquacultural practices. By examining existing studies and identifying trends and gaps in research areas related to AI integration into aquaculture practices, this paper provides valuable insights for further advancements. The purpose was to synthesize current knowledge on application and its challenges in implementing AI technologies within the commercial aquaculture industry. Specifically, the review is to identify and analyze peer-reviewed studies reporting on applications of AI technologies in aquaculture industry, to classify and summarize the key findings from the selected studies in aquaculture operations through AI, and to evaluate and discuss any challenges reported regarding the implementation and adoption of AI solutions in commercial aquaculture. The overall goal was to comprehensively assess these via a systematic literature review process. Challenges of AI technologies and methods were identified in the research literature for applying AI to optimize commercial aquaculture practices and production. An exhaustive search of a scholarly database from Scopus, was performed and papers published in English between 2020 and 2024 were considered for inclusion. After a rigorous screening process involving over 116 studies, 57 highly relevant works were identified and analyzed according to key themes involving demonstrated AI applications, employed methodologies and challenges that are expected when applying such methods. The findings revealed that AI-driven tools such as computer vision, machine learning, and predictive modeling hold much potential for enhancing sustainability, efficiency, and productivity within aquaculture operations through applications like disease monitoring, environmental management, and production optimization. However, the review also uncovered substantial challenges that will continue limiting widespread adoption, including restricted access to representative data, prohibitive expenses, technical complexities, lack of social acceptance, and data privacy and security concerns. This comprehensive synthesis of the current evidence available provides an empirical foundation upon which further progress can be built by identifying priority areas requiring additional research efforts to fully address challenges on the responsible integration of suitable solutions for the commercial aquaculture industry globally.

The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of spray-dried and fresh forms of the microalgae Nannochloropsis oculata and other commonly used commercial diets on vitamin and mineral compositions of rotifer produced under commercial conditions. Experimental rotifers groups were fed Protein-Plus® (PP treatment), Inactive Beaker's Yeast® (INBY treatment), Algome® (Algome treatment), freshly cultured N. oculata (FA treatment), and spray-dried N. oculata (SDN treatment). At the end of the experiment, seven essential vitamins, nine macro- and micro-minerals, and two pigments were analyzed in diets and rotifers. All the treatments tested provided adequate levels of Ca, P, Mg, and Co to the rotifers, but insufficient levels of I, Zn, and vitamins B2 and E. Moreover, PP diet produced rotifers with high levels of vitamins B1, B3 and B9, and P; the SDN diet produced rotifers with high levels of P and Cu; the Algome diet produced rotifers high in vitamins B3 and B9, and Ca; the INBY diet produced rotifers with high levels of vitamin B1 and Ca; and the FA diet produced rotifers with more vitamin B6, Se, and Cu. In conclusion, specific minerals or vitamins corrections are required in these feeds for rotifers to adequately meet the nutritional needs for marine larvae.

One of the primary objectives in freshwater aquaculture is the search for sustainable systems based on agroecological intensification. In this context, the cultivation of local species is decisive, although requiring the identification of new candidates. Malagasy aquaculture is an example of the development of such an approach. We aimed to deepen the knowledge of the biology of the Paratilapia sp., specifically, their reproductive traits and zootechnical aspects, with special emphasis on the juvenile stages. The information provided has interest for its commercial production and the species conservation, as populations are subjected to overexploitation and habitat degradation. This study is a consolidated report on morphological characteristics, sexual dimorphism, reproductive biology, and early developmental ontogeny. The main results suggested a marked sexual dimorphism, as well as greater growth of males compared with females. Aggressive behavior between males was observed before pair formation. Generally, female and males provided protection until fry are independent. Females produced 2756 ± 598 eggs per spawn on average (gonadosomatic index = 4.6%), with a reproductive frequency of one to two spawns. Despite the need to improve breeding protocols, this work represents a breakthrough in producing a local freshwater species of potential interest.

This study investigated the effects on growth performance, intestinal histomorphology, blood parameters, gonadal development, antioxidant activity, and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila of carp fed with cumin. Fish were fed diets containing 0, 1.0, and 3.0 mL kg⁻¹ cumin for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, the use of cumin oil did not affect growth performances and survival rate after challenge with A. hydrophila (p > 0.05). However, villi length and goblet cells increased in carp fed with cumin diets. In addition, no pathological findings were observed in the hepatopancreas, gonad, and intestine tissues of carp fed with cumin. Total protein; albumin; aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase levels; superoxide dismutase; and catalase activity were similar in cumin oil supplemented groups compared with the control. Both male and female fecundity increased with the addition of 1.0 mL kg⁻¹ cumin, whereas the addition of 3.0 mL kg⁻¹ cumin caused a slight decrease in fertility. As a result, the use of cumin essential oil at 1 mL kg⁻¹ concentration can be recommended to improve fish health and increase fertility in carp culture.

Ginger, Zingiber officinale, is a medicinal herb widely used for its distinct flavor and medicinal properties. It contains various bioactive compounds, including zingerone, shogaols, gingerol saponin, polyphenols, and flavonoids, which confer anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects. Ginger and its derivatives such as powder, essential oil, and active ginger extracts have been used as natural functional ingredients with health-promoting and disease-preventing properties. In recent studies, ginger derivatives have been tested in aquafeeds for their potential as safe herbal medicines. They have shown several benefits, acting as growth promoters and modulators of physiological and biochemical functions. Ginger has been found to improve growth performance, modulate immunity, and enhance disease resistance in fish. Its organic constituents exhibit potent anti-stress, antibacterial, antiviral, and antiparasitic activities, thereby boosting the specific and nonspecific immunity of aquaculture fish. This review provides a comphrensive summary of studies exploring the effects of dietary ginger on various aspects of fish health including growth performance, blood parameters, immunity, disease resistance, gut morphology, antioxidant status, and molecular mechanisms. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the necessity of elucidating the specific bioactive compounds in ginger responsible for its biological functions and their mechanisms of action against infectious diseases in different fish species.