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Herbarium: The Quest to Preserve and Classify the World’s Plants 植物标本馆:保护和分类世界植物的探索
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1274
Ashley Bordelon
There may be no better way to learn about the history of botany and herbaria than through the lens of the former director of the second-largest herbarium in the world, Dr. Barbara M. Thiers. Thiers was no stranger to plant presses and herbarium cabinets when she became director, as she was the daughter of the herbariumcurator and founder of the Harry D. Thiers Herbarium at San Francisco State University. In Herbarium, Thiers expertly delivers centuries of botanical history from various geographies around the world.
了解植物学和植物标本馆的历史,可能没有比通过世界第二大植物标本馆前馆长Barbara M.Thiers博士的镜头更好的方法了。当她成为植物馆馆长时,蒂尔斯对植物压制机和植物标本馆橱柜并不陌生,因为她是旧金山州立大学植物标本馆馆长和哈里·D·蒂尔斯植物标本馆创始人的女儿。在植物标本馆,Thiers熟练地展示了世界各地数百年的植物历史。
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引用次数: 5
Numerous distributional novelties collected by students for Idaho, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas, U.S.A. 美国爱达荷州,堪萨斯州,密苏里州,俄克拉何马州和德克萨斯州的学生收集的大量分布的新奇
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1265
Michael Daines, Annika Anzjon, Madeline Gay, Luke Headings, Jaci Huckabee, Mary Marine, Tessa Poolman, Sydney Scoggins, Rachel Styers, Isabelle Villafañe, N. Snow
Thirteen distributional records from Idaho, Kansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas are reported for seven native and five non-native plant species, many based on course-related collections by students. These include state records for three taxa: Cyperus brevifolioides and Paspalum dilatatum for Kansas, and Sphaeralcea parvifolia for Idaho. We also report ten county records, including significant range extensions for Dinebra panicoides. We also report what we believe to be pseudovivipary in Setaria pumila.
报告了来自爱达荷州、堪萨斯州、密苏里州、俄克拉何马州和德克萨斯州的13个分布记录,包括7种本地植物和5种非本地植物,其中许多是基于学生与课程相关的收集。其中包括三个分类群的州记录:堪萨斯州的短叶莎草和长叶雀稗,爱达荷州的细叶球藻。我们还报告了10个县的记录,其中包括大范围的扩展。我们还报告了我们认为在狗尾草中存在的假胎生现象。
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引用次数: 0
Taxonomic status of Astrophytum mirum (Cactaceae) 星形植物(仙人掌科)的分类地位
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1258
R. R. Montanucci
Astrophytum mirum Halda & Panarotto has a stem morphology that agrees with that of an anomalous growth form of Astrophytum myriostigma subsp. tulense discovered in culture. The flower of A. mirum is indistinguishable from the flower of subsp. tulense. The type locality of A. mirum, now restricted to Mamaleón, Tamaulipas, is situated in the habitat of subsp. tulense. Alleged differences in seed size and root morphology between the two taxa are not confirmed as no examples were preserved with the type material. The conclusion is drawn that Astrophytum mirum Halda & Panarotto is a junior synonym of Astrophytum myriostigma subsp. tulense Kayser.
Halda&Panarotto星藻的茎形态与肉豆蔻星藻亚种的异常生长形式一致。图伦塞是在文化中发现的。A.mirum的花与亚种的花无法区分。图伦塞。A.mirum的模式位置,现在仅限于塔毛利帕斯州的Mamaleón,位于亚种的栖息地。图伦塞。两个分类群之间种子大小和根系形态的差异没有得到证实,因为没有用该类型材料保存任何实例。结果表明,小星藻Halda&Panarotto是肉豆蔻星藻亚种的初级异名。图伦斯·凯泽。
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引用次数: 0
The 1932 expedition of David Fairchild to the Caribbean on board Utowana: Botanizing in Beata, Saona, Trinidad, Tobago, and Tortola islands 1932年大卫·费尔柴尔德乘坐乌托瓦纳号前往加勒比海探险:在比阿塔岛、索那岛、特立尼达岛、多巴哥岛和托托拉岛进行植物研究
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1263
Marlene Marimon, M. Oatham, Francisco Jiménez-Rodríguez, Eugenio Santiago‐Valentín, J. Francisco‐Ortega
Research conducted in the Archive and Library of Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, the U.S. National Archives, and the U.S. National Herbarium allowed us to reconstruct field work performed by David Fairchild (1869–1954) in the islands of Beata, Saona, Tobago, Tortola, and Trinidad in 1932. This was part of a larger expedition to the Caribbean Islands, Suriname and Guyana by the United States Department of Agriculture between December 1931 and April 1932. During the collection endeavor to these five islands, 261 photographs were taken, 82 herbarium collections (75 species) were made, and 185 germplasm accessions (148 species) were added to the USDA germplasm repositories. In total, plant material for 185 species (224 collections) was collected. A major highlight of the trip were the herbarium collections that led to the description of the Beata endemic genus Armouria (Malvaceae). However, more recent taxonomic studies place this genus within the tropical genus Thespesia (~13 species). Thirteen distinguished naturalists or high ranking government officers were met in Trinidad (12) and Tortola (1). Collections of cotton (6 accessions) and palms (25 accessions) were relevant to the expedition objectives; however no samples of Sea-Island Cotton were obtained, despite this being a major germplasm objective. Exploring the Botanic Garden of Trinidad was another main highlight of the trip. Documents, photos, and research results are made available online at: www.archive.org. The project is framed within an undergraduate research program on botanical history that is being performed in partnership with botanists from national and foreign institutions. Part of the collected material was introduced into the Jardín Botánico de Cienfuegos, Cuba shortly after the expedition ended.
费尔柴尔德热带植物园档案馆和图书馆、美国国家档案馆和美国国家植物标本馆进行的研究使我们能够重建大卫·费尔柴尔德(1869–1954)1932年在比塔岛、萨奥纳岛、多巴哥岛、托托拉岛和特立尼达岛进行的实地工作。这是美国农业部在1931年12月至1932年4月期间对加勒比群岛、苏里南和圭亚那进行的一次更大规模的探险的一部分。在这五个岛屿的采集工作中,共拍摄了261张照片,收集了82个植物标本馆(75个物种),并将185份种质资源(148个物种)添加到美国农业部种质库中。总共收集了185个物种(224个收藏品)的植物材料。这次旅行的一个主要亮点是植物标本馆的收藏,这导致了对Beata特有属Armouria(锦葵科)的描述。然而,最近的分类学研究将该属归入热带的Thespesia属(~13种)。13位杰出的博物学家或高级政府官员在特立尼达(12人)和托托拉岛(1人)会面。棉花(6份材料)和棕榈树(25份材料)的收藏与探险目标有关;然而,尽管这是一个主要的种质目标,但没有获得海岛棉的样本。探索特立尼达植物园是此行的另一大亮点。文件、照片和研究结果可在线访问:www.archive.org。该项目是与国内外机构的植物学家合作开展的植物史本科生研究项目的框架。探险队结束后不久,部分收集到的材料被引入了古巴的西恩富戈斯城堡(Jardín Botánico de Cienfuegos)。
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引用次数: 1
Notes on the nomenclature of Lithospermum (Boraginaceae) 紫草属植物命名注释
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1256
J. Cohen
Two taxonomic and nomenclatural issues in Lithospermum are addressed. The new combination L. thurberi based on Onosmodium thurberi is made, and L. macromeria (Macromeria viridiflora) is included as a heterotypic synonym. Lithospermum bejariense and Onosmodium bejariense are treated here as two distinct taxonomic entities.
讨论了紫草属植物的两个分类学和命名学问题。以石竹为原料合成新组合石竹,并将大石竹(macromeria viridiflora)作为异型同义植物。在这里,石子草和石子草被视为两个不同的分类实体。
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引用次数: 0
Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Volume 46 《环境与资源年度评论》,第46卷
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1278
Barney L. Lipscomb
The Annual Review of Environment and Resources, in publication since 1976, provides authoritative reviews of significant topics within environmental science and engineering, including ecology and conservation science, water and energy resources, atmosphere, oceans, climate change, agriculture and living resources, and human dimensions of resource use and global change.  Volume 46 (2021) has 25 papers.
自1976年出版的《环境与资源年度评论》对环境科学和工程领域的重要主题进行了权威性评论,包括生态和保护科学、水和能源资源、大气、海洋、气候变化、农业和生物资源,以及资源使用和全球变化的人的层面。第46卷(2021)共有25篇论文。
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引用次数: 0
Rediscovery of Crataegus pisifera (Rosaceae: Maleae)
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1255
Arthur V. Gilman, Arthur Haines
Field searches in 2021 resulted in rediscovery of the pea-fruited hawthorn, Crataegus pisifera Sarg. (C. succulenta var. pisifera (Sarg.) Kruschke), a Vermont endemic known with confidence only from the type collections made in 1901. Collections made throughout the 2021 growing season from the type locality and from new populations nearby confirm its continued presence on the Vermont landscape. Additional morphological characterization is presented and deviations from the original description are discussed. Mature fruits in late October measured 7.2–11.2 mm in diameter, averaging 9.2 mm, larger than the immature fruits described in the literature. Thus, fruit diameter fails to separate C. pisifera from closely related C. succulenta varieties. We present a key, the first range map, and the first published illustrations of this long-lost species; we also include a second-step lectotypification that clarifies which of two available herbarium sheets is the one to be regarded as the lectotype.
2021年的实地搜索结果是重新发现了豌豆果山楂。(C.多肉植物变种豌豆(Sarg.)Kruschke),佛蒙特州的一种地方病,只有在1901年制作的模型收藏中才有信心知道。在2021年的整个生长季节,从该类型地区和附近的新种群中收集的数据证实了它在佛蒙特州景观中的持续存在。提出了额外的形态学特征,并讨论了与原始描述的偏差。10月下旬的成熟果实直径为7.2–11.2毫米,平均9.2毫米,比文献中描述的未成熟果实大。因此,果实直径不能将豌豆C.pisifera与亲缘关系密切的多肉C.myculanta品种区分开来。我们展示了一把钥匙,第一幅范围图,以及第一幅出版的关于这个早已消失的物种的插图;我们还包括了第二步的选型,阐明了两张可用的植物标本馆图纸中的哪一张被视为选型。
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引用次数: 0
Under Prairie Skies: The Plants and Native Peoples of the Northern Plains 草原天空下:北方平原的植物和原住民
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1275
Ana Niño
In a book that synthesizes archaeological, botanical, ecological, and traditional knowledge, C. Thomas Shay’s Under Prairie Skies runs readers through the history of the North American Great Plains, the land’s plants, and its people.
在一本综合了考古学、植物学、生态学和传统知识的书中,c·托马斯·谢伊的《草原天空之下》带领读者了解了北美大平原的历史、这片土地上的植物和人民。
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引用次数: 0
Index to Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Volume 16, 2022 《德克萨斯州植物研究所杂志》索引,2022年第16卷
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1281
Barney L. Lipscomb
Index to Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Volume 16, 2022, includes titles, authors, botanical names and subject index, and new names and new combinations.
德州植物研究所期刊索引,第16卷,2022,包括标题,作者,植物名称和主题索引,以及新名称和新组合。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of pollen morphology of Passiflora species and hybrids (Passifloraceae) 西番莲属植物及其杂交种花粉形态的评价
Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.17348/jbrit.v16.i2.1260
John Vanderplank, S. Vanderplank
Passiflora L. is a diverse genus of mostly New World species, many of which are still evolving to overcome the challenges of competition, predation, and habitat expansion. Pollen collected from 195 Passiflora L. taxa across six subgenera; Astrophea (DC.) Mast., Decaloba (DC.) Rchb., Deidamioides (Harms) Killip, Passiflora, Tetrapathaea (DC.) P.S. Green) and Tryphostemmatoides (Harms) Killip and 40 F1 hybrids (cultivars) were examined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and low temperature SEM. Passiflora pollen grains are divided into two major morphological groups: species with three pairs (6 apertures) of colpi found in species in subgenera Astrophea, Deidamioides, Passiflora and Tryphostemmatoides, and those with six pairs (12 apertures) of colpi found in most species from subgenus Decaloba (Tetrapathea unknown). This study shows polymorphism and surface anomalies in the morphology of pollen grains of some species. Pollen from many Passiflora F1 hybrids were examined: many have a high percentage of sterile pollen grains, others in section Dysosmia DC. and Tacsonia Juss. in subgenus Passiflora recorded a minimal percentage of sterile grains. This may be a key evolutionary advantage as several species in these groups are now recorded as invasive weeds with worldwide distribution. The term, “sticky pollen” is revealed to be the pre-germination of pollen grains without stigmatic contact. The success of some invasive species to outcompete native flora and thrive in extreme environments is in part due to the evolution of their pollen, with the absence of pollen deformation following hybridization events promoting hybrid fitness. Pollen grain morphological evidence supports keeping three endemic Australian Passiflora species in subgenus Decaloba as a unique group.
西番莲属是一个多样化的属,主要是新大陆物种,其中许多物种仍在进化,以克服竞争、捕食和栖息地扩张的挑战。从6个亚属的195个西番莲属分类群中收集花粉;Astrophea(DC)Mast。,Decaoba(DC)Rchb。,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和低温扫描电镜(SEM)研究了西番莲(Deidamioides)Killip、西番莲、Tetrapathaea(D.P.S.Green)和Tryphostematoides(Harms)Killif和40个F1杂交种(品种),Passiflora和Tryphostematoides,以及在贴花亚属(Tetrapathea未知)的大多数物种中发现的具有6对(12孔)colpi的植物。本研究显示了一些物种花粉粒形态的多态性和表面异常。对许多西番莲F1杂交种的花粉进行了检测:许多具有高比例的不育花粉粒,其他则在嗅觉障碍DC部分。和Tacsonia Justs。在西番莲亚属中,不育粒的比例最低。这可能是一个关键的进化优势,因为这些类群中的几个物种现在被记录为入侵杂草,分布在世界各地。“粘性花粉”一词被认为是花粉粒在没有柱头接触的情况下提前发芽。一些入侵物种成功地击败了当地植物群,并在极端环境中茁壮成长,部分原因是它们的花粉进化,杂交事件后花粉没有变形,促进了杂交适应性。花粉粒形态证据支持将三种澳大利亚特有西番莲属物种作为一个独特的类群保留在十叶亚属中。
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Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas
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