Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514977
Stavros G. Domouchtsidis, C. Tsinos, S. Chatzinotas, B. Ottersten
Large-Scale Antenna Array Systems may be used to serve multiple users in the same time-frequency resource block which results to harmful multi-user interference (MUI). In the literature precoding techniques have been proposed as a way to mitigate the induced MUI, by designing the transmitted signals using the knowledge of the Channel State Information (CSI), in block-level precoding (BLP) or both the CSI and the information-bearing symbols, in symbol-level precoding (SLP). However, the proposed SLP techniques require fully digital baseband processing which is infeasible in large-scale antenna array systems because of the high cost and power consumption of radio frequency (RF) components. In order to reduce the number of y-RF chains, we address an Antenna Selection Symbol-Level Precoding (AS-SLP) scheme, which minimizes the MUI by activating only a subset of the available antennas. For this scheme we develop an efficient algorithm, based on Coordinate Descent. Simulations provide an insight on the efficiency of the proposed approach and its improvement with respect to the fully digitally approaches.
{"title":"Antenna Selection Symbol-Level Precoding for Low Complexity Large-Scale Antenna Array Systems","authors":"Stavros G. Domouchtsidis, C. Tsinos, S. Chatzinotas, B. Ottersten","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514977","url":null,"abstract":"Large-Scale Antenna Array Systems may be used to serve multiple users in the same time-frequency resource block which results to harmful multi-user interference (MUI). In the literature precoding techniques have been proposed as a way to mitigate the induced MUI, by designing the transmitted signals using the knowledge of the Channel State Information (CSI), in block-level precoding (BLP) or both the CSI and the information-bearing symbols, in symbol-level precoding (SLP). However, the proposed SLP techniques require fully digital baseband processing which is infeasible in large-scale antenna array systems because of the high cost and power consumption of radio frequency (RF) components. In order to reduce the number of y-RF chains, we address an Antenna Selection Symbol-Level Precoding (AS-SLP) scheme, which minimizes the MUI by activating only a subset of the available antennas. For this scheme we develop an efficient algorithm, based on Coordinate Descent. Simulations provide an insight on the efficiency of the proposed approach and its improvement with respect to the fully digitally approaches.","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126958726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8515004
V. Koumaras, Andreas Foteas, M. Kapari, C. Sakkas, H. Koumaras
A Chatbot is an application that is designed to provide automated contextual communication. Today most chatbots are implemented on top of or as a gateway to popular messaging services, such as Facebook Messenger, Skype and Viber. Chatbots can be classified into many categories regarding their usage, such as conversational commerce, customer support, education, marketing and others. Due to their agile deployment ability on top of virtualized and serverless environments,chatbots are expected to play a pivotal role in the forthcoming 5G networks, which support virtualization capabilities at the edge of the network, making feasible the provision of diversified chatbot services customized to each user needs and requests. However, chatbot QoS might be affected under congested network conditions or in areas with poor signal reception quality. Currently, the performance of the chatbot has not been researched, while the users are experiencing only the results of the potential QoS degradation, such as loss or re-ordering of messages. This paper provides an experimental study of the chatbot apps performance/QoS under different network and reception conditions. The experiment was conducted using the 5G mobile network emulation testbed created and provided by the EU-funded TRIANGLE project.
{"title":"5G Performance Testing of Mobile Chatbot Applications","authors":"V. Koumaras, Andreas Foteas, M. Kapari, C. Sakkas, H. Koumaras","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8515004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8515004","url":null,"abstract":"A Chatbot is an application that is designed to provide automated contextual communication. Today most chatbots are implemented on top of or as a gateway to popular messaging services, such as Facebook Messenger, Skype and Viber. Chatbots can be classified into many categories regarding their usage, such as conversational commerce, customer support, education, marketing and others. Due to their agile deployment ability on top of virtualized and serverless environments,chatbots are expected to play a pivotal role in the forthcoming 5G networks, which support virtualization capabilities at the edge of the network, making feasible the provision of diversified chatbot services customized to each user needs and requests. However, chatbot QoS might be affected under congested network conditions or in areas with poor signal reception quality. Currently, the performance of the chatbot has not been researched, while the users are experiencing only the results of the potential QoS degradation, such as loss or re-ordering of messages. This paper provides an experimental study of the chatbot apps performance/QoS under different network and reception conditions. The experiment was conducted using the 5G mobile network emulation testbed created and provided by the EU-funded TRIANGLE project.","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125666189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514940
Mukhald A. Salih, Nawar Jawad, J. Cosmas
This paper presents Software Defined Selective Traffic Offloading (SDSTO) Solution. The solution uses layer 2 based backhaul network with a distributed cloud-based architecture distributed in near proximity to the mobile access network. SDSTO leverages SDN features to redirect user traffic to/from the cloud. SDSTO is modeled and simulated in OMNeT ++ and the preliminary results show improvement in the system performance in terms of end to end delay and handover time
{"title":"Software Defined Selective Traffic Offloading (SDSTO)","authors":"Mukhald A. Salih, Nawar Jawad, J. Cosmas","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514940","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents Software Defined Selective Traffic Offloading (SDSTO) Solution. The solution uses layer 2 based backhaul network with a distributed cloud-based architecture distributed in near proximity to the mobile access network. SDSTO leverages SDN features to redirect user traffic to/from the cloud. SDSTO is modeled and simulated in OMNeT ++ and the preliminary results show improvement in the system performance in terms of end to end delay and handover time","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124266845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8515001
Stavros Nousias, C. Tselios, Dimitris Bitzas, A. Lalos, K. Moustakas, I. Chatzigiannakis
Contemporary sensing devices provide reliable mechanisms for continuous process monitoring, accommodating use cases related to mHealth and smart mobility, by generating real-time data streams of numerous physiological and vital parameters. Such data streams can be later utilized by machine learning algorithms and decision support systems to predict critical clinical states and motivate users to adopt behaviours that improve the quality of their life and the society as a whole. However, in many cases, even when deployed over highly sophisticated, cutting-edge network infrastructure and deployment paradigms, data may exhibit missing values and non-uniformities due to various reasons, including device malfunction, deliberate data reduction for efficient processing, or data loss due to sensing and communication failures. This work proposes a novel approach to deal with missing entries in heart rate measurements. Benefiting from the low-rank property of the generated data matrices and the proximity of neighbouring measurements, we provide a novel method that combines classical matrix completion approaches with weighted Laplacian interpolation offering high reconstruction accuracy at fast execution times. Extensive evaluation studies carried out with real measurements show that the proposed methods could be effectively deployed by modern wristband-cloud computing systems increasing the robustness, the reliability and the energy efficiency of these systems.
{"title":"Uncertainty Management for Wearable IoT Wristband Sensors Using Laplacian-Based Matrix Completion","authors":"Stavros Nousias, C. Tselios, Dimitris Bitzas, A. Lalos, K. Moustakas, I. Chatzigiannakis","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8515001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8515001","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary sensing devices provide reliable mechanisms for continuous process monitoring, accommodating use cases related to mHealth and smart mobility, by generating real-time data streams of numerous physiological and vital parameters. Such data streams can be later utilized by machine learning algorithms and decision support systems to predict critical clinical states and motivate users to adopt behaviours that improve the quality of their life and the society as a whole. However, in many cases, even when deployed over highly sophisticated, cutting-edge network infrastructure and deployment paradigms, data may exhibit missing values and non-uniformities due to various reasons, including device malfunction, deliberate data reduction for efficient processing, or data loss due to sensing and communication failures. This work proposes a novel approach to deal with missing entries in heart rate measurements. Benefiting from the low-rank property of the generated data matrices and the proximity of neighbouring measurements, we provide a novel method that combines classical matrix completion approaches with weighted Laplacian interpolation offering high reconstruction accuracy at fast execution times. Extensive evaluation studies carried out with real measurements show that the proposed methods could be effectively deployed by modern wristband-cloud computing systems increasing the robustness, the reliability and the energy efficiency of these systems.","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127046711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514955
Daniele Moro, Filippo Benati, M. Mangili, A. Capone
The rise of adblockers is creating lots of concerns to the online content publishing industry, as it severely affects the possibility to offer free-content to end-users by subsidizing the fruition costs with advertisements.While many detection techniques have been proposed as a countermeasure to the diffusion of adblocks, they either rely on the injection of code in the served web pages, or require to perform passive measurements for a long time, thus leading to high costs and delays before collecting the desired information. Motivated by these reasons, in this paper we propose a novel technique to conduct in-network adblock usage measurements, inspecting only few minutes of network traffic. Our approach relies on network traffic inspection, and classification with machine learning techniques to detect whether the user is blocking, or not, the advertisements.Key findings obtained show that by inspecting only few minutes of network traffic, we can reliably perform the detection with an accuracy up to 99%, with a negligible computational overhead.
{"title":"Catching free-riders: in-network adblock detection with machine learning techniques","authors":"Daniele Moro, Filippo Benati, M. Mangili, A. Capone","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514955","url":null,"abstract":"The rise of adblockers is creating lots of concerns to the online content publishing industry, as it severely affects the possibility to offer free-content to end-users by subsidizing the fruition costs with advertisements.While many detection techniques have been proposed as a countermeasure to the diffusion of adblocks, they either rely on the injection of code in the served web pages, or require to perform passive measurements for a long time, thus leading to high costs and delays before collecting the desired information. Motivated by these reasons, in this paper we propose a novel technique to conduct in-network adblock usage measurements, inspecting only few minutes of network traffic. Our approach relies on network traffic inspection, and classification with machine learning techniques to detect whether the user is blocking, or not, the advertisements.Key findings obtained show that by inspecting only few minutes of network traffic, we can reliably perform the detection with an accuracy up to 99%, with a negligible computational overhead.","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130695744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514998
Yen-Yuan Shu, M. Dong, K. Ota, Jun Wu, Siyi Liao
Fog computing is an emerging architecture for processing, storing, and controlling the data at the edge of the networks, which is becoming a popular technology for Internet of Things (IoT). As a next-generation networking architecture, Information-Centric Network (ICN) has been introduced into networked fogs to establish efficient data exchange based on name, caching, content features, etc., which gives the IoT an opportunity to store the huge geo-distributed data at the edge of the networks and be less dependent on the Cloud, thus fulfilling the delay-sensitive needs of the end-users. Nevertheless, efficient distributed storage is a must for information-centric fog networks, because of the huge content exchange and geo-distributed data. To address this, this paper proposes an efficient storage scheme by integrating Binary Reed-Solomon erasure code with ICN mechanism in fog networks. Specifically, the data are encoded into named data blocks and are distributed as well as stored into distributed fog nodes. The fog network performs information-centered with horizontal fog-to-fog communications to retrieve the data blocks efficiently. Moreover, the data is then recovered even with some of the data blocks missing, thus ensuring the reliability of storage at distributed fogs. Simulation results show the efficiency and advantages of the proposed distributed storage scheme.
{"title":"Binary Reed-Solomon Coding Based Distributed Storage Scheme in Information-Centric Fog Networks","authors":"Yen-Yuan Shu, M. Dong, K. Ota, Jun Wu, Siyi Liao","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514998","url":null,"abstract":"Fog computing is an emerging architecture for processing, storing, and controlling the data at the edge of the networks, which is becoming a popular technology for Internet of Things (IoT). As a next-generation networking architecture, Information-Centric Network (ICN) has been introduced into networked fogs to establish efficient data exchange based on name, caching, content features, etc., which gives the IoT an opportunity to store the huge geo-distributed data at the edge of the networks and be less dependent on the Cloud, thus fulfilling the delay-sensitive needs of the end-users. Nevertheless, efficient distributed storage is a must for information-centric fog networks, because of the huge content exchange and geo-distributed data. To address this, this paper proposes an efficient storage scheme by integrating Binary Reed-Solomon erasure code with ICN mechanism in fog networks. Specifically, the data are encoded into named data blocks and are distributed as well as stored into distributed fog nodes. The fog network performs information-centered with horizontal fog-to-fog communications to retrieve the data blocks efficiently. Moreover, the data is then recovered even with some of the data blocks missing, thus ensuring the reliability of storage at distributed fogs. Simulation results show the efficiency and advantages of the proposed distributed storage scheme.","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114895276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514972
Paulo Marques, Alexandre Pereira do Carmo, V. Frascolla, Carlos F. M. Silva, Emanuel D. R. Sena, Raphael Braga, J. F. N. Pinheiro, Carlos A. Astudillo, T. Andrade, E. S. Gama, L. Bittencourt, L. Villas, E. Madeira, N. Fonseca, C. Both, Gabriel M. Lando, M. Schimuneck, Juliano Araujo Wickboldt, Ana P. V. Trevisan, R. Martins, R. Vassallo, Felippe Mendonça de Queiroz, R. Picoreti, Roberta Lima-Gomes, C. Dominicini, V. M. G. Martinez, R. Guimaraes, R. Villaça, M. Martinello, M. Ribeiro, D. Macedo, Vinicius F. e Silva, J. C. T. Guimaraes, Carlos Colman Meixner, R. Nejabati, D. Simeonidou, Yi Zhang, Frank Slyne, Pedro Alvarez, Diarmuid Collins, M. Ruffini, L. Dasilva, J. Márquez-Barja
This paper provides a description of key results stemming from experiments conducted at the wireless/optical boundary. The main aim is to show the advantages of a converged optical/wireless network deployment, which uses very recent technologies like SDN, Virtualization, fog and cloud computing, and Radio-over fiber. The results are mainly taken out of an international collaborative research project called FUTEBOL (Federated Union of Telecommunications Research Facilities for an EU BrazilOpenLaboratory).
{"title":"Optical and wireless network convergence in 5G systems – an experimental approach","authors":"Paulo Marques, Alexandre Pereira do Carmo, V. Frascolla, Carlos F. M. Silva, Emanuel D. R. Sena, Raphael Braga, J. F. N. Pinheiro, Carlos A. Astudillo, T. Andrade, E. S. Gama, L. Bittencourt, L. Villas, E. Madeira, N. Fonseca, C. Both, Gabriel M. Lando, M. Schimuneck, Juliano Araujo Wickboldt, Ana P. V. Trevisan, R. Martins, R. Vassallo, Felippe Mendonça de Queiroz, R. Picoreti, Roberta Lima-Gomes, C. Dominicini, V. M. G. Martinez, R. Guimaraes, R. Villaça, M. Martinello, M. Ribeiro, D. Macedo, Vinicius F. e Silva, J. C. T. Guimaraes, Carlos Colman Meixner, R. Nejabati, D. Simeonidou, Yi Zhang, Frank Slyne, Pedro Alvarez, Diarmuid Collins, M. Ruffini, L. Dasilva, J. Márquez-Barja","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514972","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a description of key results stemming from experiments conducted at the wireless/optical boundary. The main aim is to show the advantages of a converged optical/wireless network deployment, which uses very recent technologies like SDN, Virtualization, fog and cloud computing, and Radio-over fiber. The results are mainly taken out of an international collaborative research project called FUTEBOL (Federated Union of Telecommunications Research Facilities for an EU BrazilOpenLaboratory).","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125162971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514957
Christer Qvarfordt, H. Lundqvist, G. Koudouridis
Virtual, augmented and mixed reality are expected to grow rapidly in popularity as the technology gets more mature over the coming years. For mobile networks these applications can put quite challenging requirements. In particular when the user devices shall have low weight and low energy consumption it may be necessary to offload some of the processing to edge cloud servers. This implies strict requirements on latency and high data rate between the edge server and the user device. In this paper we discuss the requirements for different quality levels of virtual reality and the feasibility of providing these in 4G and 5G cellular networks. In particular, we show how reduced latency can reduce the bit rate requirements and enable photo realistic XR over mobile networks.
{"title":"High Quality Mobile XR: Requirements and Feasibility","authors":"Christer Qvarfordt, H. Lundqvist, G. Koudouridis","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514957","url":null,"abstract":"Virtual, augmented and mixed reality are expected to grow rapidly in popularity as the technology gets more mature over the coming years. For mobile networks these applications can put quite challenging requirements. In particular when the user devices shall have low weight and low energy consumption it may be necessary to offload some of the processing to edge cloud servers. This implies strict requirements on latency and high data rate between the edge server and the user device. In this paper we discuss the requirements for different quality levels of virtual reality and the feasibility of providing these in 4G and 5G cellular networks. In particular, we show how reduced latency can reduce the bit rate requirements and enable photo realistic XR over mobile networks.","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127915588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514979
Natale Patriciello, S. Lagén, L. Giupponi, Biljana Bojović
In this paper, we use a New Radio (NR) simulator, based on ns-3, to assess the impact of 5G NR numerologies on the end-to-end (E2E) latencies in a realistic and complex scenario, including TCP and UDP flows. As expected, we found that TCP goodput increases with the numerology, since a larger numerology allows reducing the round-trip-time. However, although counter-intuitive, simulation results exhibit that the E2E latency of uplink (UL) UDP flows may not be reduced with the numerology. In fact, it depends on two key factors and their relationship: the processing delays (fixed or numerologydependent) and the inter-packet arrival time, which depends on the UDP flow rate and the packet size. We demonstrate how, in some cases, the latency is worsened by an increasing signaling exchange that grows with the numerology. In particular, this is due to a handshake mechanism in UL (scheduling request and UL grant) that is performed each time a data packet encounters empty RLC buffers. For some combination of flow rate, packet size, and processing delays that are not numerology dependent, increasing the numerology may not reduce the E2E delay. Therefore, we conclude that the selection of the numerology in an NR system should be carefully made by taking into account the traffic patterns and the processing delays.
{"title":"5G New Radio Numerologies and their Impact on the End-To-End Latency","authors":"Natale Patriciello, S. Lagén, L. Giupponi, Biljana Bojović","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514979","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514979","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we use a New Radio (NR) simulator, based on ns-3, to assess the impact of 5G NR numerologies on the end-to-end (E2E) latencies in a realistic and complex scenario, including TCP and UDP flows. As expected, we found that TCP goodput increases with the numerology, since a larger numerology allows reducing the round-trip-time. However, although counter-intuitive, simulation results exhibit that the E2E latency of uplink (UL) UDP flows may not be reduced with the numerology. In fact, it depends on two key factors and their relationship: the processing delays (fixed or numerologydependent) and the inter-packet arrival time, which depends on the UDP flow rate and the packet size. We demonstrate how, in some cases, the latency is worsened by an increasing signaling exchange that grows with the numerology. In particular, this is due to a handshake mechanism in UL (scheduling request and UL grant) that is performed each time a data packet encounters empty RLC buffers. For some combination of flow rate, packet size, and processing delays that are not numerology dependent, increasing the numerology may not reduce the E2E delay. Therefore, we conclude that the selection of the numerology in an NR system should be carefully made by taking into account the traffic patterns and the processing delays.","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128404915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514933
Panagiotis Georgakopoulos, I. Politis, S. Kotsopoulos
The fifth generation of mobile networks is rapidly evolving and novel architectures and communication paradigms are constantly proposed. Heterogeneous wireless networks and particularly dense small cells are a key enabler for increased throughput and high-quality communications, although such densely distributed access networks suffer the effect of inter-cell interference. The coordinated multi-point operation is already considered as a promising technique for mitigating this problem by allowing the coordination of multiple transmission points that serve the user. In this study, the coordinated multi-point is applied in a simulated wireless network in order to measure its performance under varying conditions, including a varying number of static or roaming users, variable required SINR levels and transmission power required to satisfy the requirements. The simulation results indicate that the scheme can achieve significantly low transmission power levels, while serving wireless users at the edge of the cells with SINR of $20dB$, suggesting this technique for future network implementations.
{"title":"Considering CoMP for efficient cooperation among heterogeneous small cells in 5G networks","authors":"Panagiotis Georgakopoulos, I. Politis, S. Kotsopoulos","doi":"10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CAMAD.2018.8514933","url":null,"abstract":"The fifth generation of mobile networks is rapidly evolving and novel architectures and communication paradigms are constantly proposed. Heterogeneous wireless networks and particularly dense small cells are a key enabler for increased throughput and high-quality communications, although such densely distributed access networks suffer the effect of inter-cell interference. The coordinated multi-point operation is already considered as a promising technique for mitigating this problem by allowing the coordination of multiple transmission points that serve the user. In this study, the coordinated multi-point is applied in a simulated wireless network in order to measure its performance under varying conditions, including a varying number of static or roaming users, variable required SINR levels and transmission power required to satisfy the requirements. The simulation results indicate that the scheme can achieve significantly low transmission power levels, while serving wireless users at the edge of the cells with SINR of $20dB$, suggesting this technique for future network implementations.","PeriodicalId":173858,"journal":{"name":"2018 IEEE 23rd International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115517308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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