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The mechanism by which negative pressure wound therapy promotes wound healing. 负压伤口治疗促进伤口愈合的机制。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100982
Ying Zeng, Jianjian Tu, Jichao Qin

Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has demonstrated substantial advantages in a variety of clinical settings, including the management of acute and chronic wounds, open injuries with exposed bone, nerves, or tendons, and implant-associated infections in orthopedics. Although numerous studies have reported the beneficial effects of NPWT in controlling wound infections and infections related to orthopedic implants, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain incompletely understood and require further investigation. Given its widespread clinical use, a comprehensive understanding of the biological effects of NPWT is essential to ensuring its rational and optimized application in clinical practice. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms through which NPWT facilitates wound healing and provides insights to inform both clinical use and future research.

负压伤口治疗(NPWT)在各种临床环境中已经证明了巨大的优势,包括治疗急性和慢性伤口,骨、神经或肌腱暴露的开放性损伤,以及骨科中植入物相关感染。尽管大量研究报道了NPWT在控制伤口感染和骨科植入物相关感染方面的有益作用,但其潜在的分子和细胞机制仍不完全清楚,需要进一步研究。鉴于其广泛的临床应用,全面了解NPWT的生物学效应对于确保其在临床实践中的合理和优化应用至关重要。这篇综述总结了NPWT促进伤口愈合的潜在机制,并为临床应用和未来的研究提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to Investigating UK packing practices for cavities resulting from the incision and drainage of perianal abscesses, a case for deimplementation? [Journal of Tissue Viability 2025 Nov;34(4):100965, doi: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100965]. 调查英国因肛门周围脓肿的切口和引流引起的空腔的填充物做法的勘误表,一个取消实施的案例?[j] Journal of Tissue Viability;[j].吉林大学学报(自然科学版),34(4):100965,doi: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100965]。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100980
J Dumville, K Newton, J Mullings, P Wilson
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引用次数: 0
Be there or be square: Should we adopt non-rectangular dressing shapes in single-use negative pressure wound therapy? 是有还是方:一次性负压伤口治疗是否应采用非矩形敷料形状?
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100977
Ofek Barzilay , Amit Gefen

Background

Single-use negative-pressure wound therapy (suNPWT) dressings for closed surgical incisions are predominantly rectangular, despite long-time evidence from biomechanics that sharp or small-radius corners generate localized stress concentrations in underlying tissues. Optimizing dressing geometry and stiffness distribution may reduce the peri-incisional stress concentrations and improve closure.

Objectives

To determine how dressing shape and regional stiffness variations influence the peri-wound skin stresses and stress concentrations and the incision closure biomechanics under a negative pressure level of −125 mmHg.

Methods

A validated three-dimensional finite element model of a sutured midline incision was developed. Five homogeneous dressing shapes (rectangular, circular, elliptical, stadium, and dome) of identical contact area and material properties were compared for reduction in peak lateral skin stresses (ΔS). The best-performing dressing shape underwent further testing in eight stiffness configurations (homogeneous, or with stiffer/softer peripheral regions in symmetric or axisymmetric patterns). The lateral displacement of the peri-wound skin was used as a measure for the closure work. A sensitivity analysis was conducted on chosen model variants for broader transferability and for exploring potential covariance between dressing shape and material properties.

Results

Among the homogeneous dressing shapes, the circular dressing achieved the greatest stress reduction (ΔS = 2.9 %) versus the rectangular control (0.9 %). In the circular form, incorporating a stiffer peripheral symmetric ring around a softer core improved performance (ΔS = 3.2 %) while maintaining substantial lateral displacement (3.35 mm), achieving an optimal combination of stress relief with closure assistance. A fully stiff homogeneous dressing maximized the ΔS (6.5 %) but provided negligible closure support, whereas a fully soft dressing behaved conversely. The sensitivity analysis did not change these quantitative rankings across the studied model variants.

Conclusions

Eliminating sharp or small-radius geometric discontinuities and tuning the regional stiffness can markedly attenuate peri-incisional stresses without compromising the contribution of the dressing to the closure work. Circular suNPWT dressings with a peripheral stiffer ring offer a biomechanically superior, manufacturable alternative to conventional rectangular designs, warranting further pre-clinical and clinical evaluations.
背景:用于闭合手术切口的一次性负压伤口治疗(suNPWT)敷料主要是矩形的,尽管生物力学长期以来的证据表明,尖锐或小半径的角落会在底层组织中产生局部应力集中。优化修整的几何形状和刚度分布可以减少切口周围的应力集中,提高闭合性。目的探讨- 125 mmHg负压下敷料形状和局部刚度变化对创面周围皮肤应力、应力浓度及切口闭合生物力学的影响。方法建立经sa验证的中线切口缝合三维有限元模型。五种均匀的敷料形状(矩形,圆形,椭圆形,体育场和圆顶)具有相同的接触面积和材料性能,以减少峰值侧皮肤应力(ΔS)。性能最好的修整形状在8种刚度配置下进行了进一步的测试(均匀的,或者在对称或轴对称模式下具有更硬/更软的外围区域)。创面周围皮肤的侧向位移作为闭合工作的衡量标准。对选择的模型变量进行敏感性分析,以获得更广泛的可转移性,并探索修整形状和材料性能之间的潜在协方差。结果在均匀敷料形状中,圆形敷料的应力降低效果最好(ΔS = 2.9%),而矩形敷料的应力降低效果为0.9%。在圆形形式中,在较软的核心周围加入较硬的外围对称环,提高了性能(ΔS = 3.2%),同时保持了相当大的横向位移(3.35 mm),实现了应力释放和闭合辅助的最佳组合。完全坚硬的均质敷料最大限度地提高ΔS(6.5%),但提供的闭合支持可以忽略不计,而完全柔软的敷料则相反。敏感性分析并没有改变所研究模型变量的这些定量排名。结论消除尖锐的或小半径的几何不连续,调整区域刚度可以显著地减弱切周应力,而不影响敷料对闭合工作的贡献。圆形suNPWT敷料具有外围更硬的环,为传统的矩形设计提供了生物力学上优越的可制造替代品,保证了进一步的临床前和临床评估。
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引用次数: 0
Attitude and adherence to evidence-based pressure injury prevention practices of neonatal intensive care nurses in China: a cross-sectional study 中国新生儿重症监护护士对循证压力伤害预防实践的态度和依从性:一项横断面研究。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100976
Zeyao Shi , Yanling Hu , Xiaowen Li , Ru Yang , Yan Song , Xushu Chen , Jing Yan

Aim

To explore neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) nurses’ attitude, adherence, and influencing factors to pressure injury (PI) prevention based on guidelines, and identify the relationship between the attitude and adherence.

Methods

A multi-site, quantitative, cross-sectional study spanning 16 provinces in China was conducted. Data were collected by a self-reported questionnaire, including three sections: demographic information, attitude towards PI prevention, and adherence to evidence-based PI prevention. The sample size was calculated using PASS 2025, and a convenience sampling method was conducted. The data were analyzed using SPSS 27, and univariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were employed to examine the relationship between demographic data and attitude and adherence to the PI prevention. Besides, the relationship between the APuP and the adherence was shown through the structural equation model (SEM), it was estimated in Amos 24.0.

Results

In total, 465 NICU nurses were included in this survey. The NICU nurses’ mean score of attitudes toward PI prevention was 78.06 %, with the highest mean score in the subscale of responsibility in PI prevention (85 %). The mean score of the PI prevention compliance was 132.93 ± 15.21, with a scoring rate of 88.62 %. The highest mean score was in the “skin assessment and care” subscale (41.51 ± 4.47, 92.24 %), followed by the “repositioning and mobilization” domain (22.92 ± 2.64, 91.68 %), and “medical device” domain (27.33 ± 3.29, 91.1 %). The nurses who had been trained in the PI prevention guideline were found to have 1.822 times the PI prevention attitude ≥75 % than those who did not undergo training (P = 0.008). In addition, clinical nurse specialist (CNS) were 1.684 times in the PI prevention practice adherence ≥90 % than those who were not (P = 0.028). The attitude towards PI prevention was determined to affect the adherence in the NICUs directly (β = 1.521, P < 0.001), and a positive association was detected between attitude scores and adherence scores.

Conclusion

The level of attitude and the adherence of NICU nurses in China related to PI prevention were relatively desirable and poor, and a positive relationship was shown between the attitude and adherence.
目的:探讨新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)护士对指南预防压力损伤(PI)的态度、依从性及影响因素,并探讨态度与依从性之间的关系。方法:在中国16个省份进行了多地点、定量、横断面研究。数据通过自我报告的问卷收集,包括三个部分:人口统计信息、对PI预防的态度和对循证PI预防的依从性。采用PASS 2025计算样本量,采用方便抽样法。采用SPSS 27统计软件对数据进行分析,采用单因素分析和多元logistic回归检验人口学数据与预防态度和依从性的关系。此外,APuP与粘附之间的关系通过结构方程模型(SEM)显示,在Amos 24.0中估计。结果:共纳入465名新生儿重症监护病房护士。NICU护士预防PI态度的平均得分为78.06%,预防PI责任分量表的平均得分最高(85%)。PI预防依从性平均得分为132.93±15.21分,评分率为88.62%。平均得分最高的是“皮肤评估与护理”分量表(41.51±4.47,92.24%),其次是“重新定位与活动”分量表(22.92±2.64,91.68%)和“医疗器械”分量表(27.33±3.29,91.1%)。接受过PI预防指南培训的护士对PI预防态度≥75%的比例为未接受培训护士的1.822倍(P = 0.008)。此外,临床专科护士(CNS)对PI预防实践依从性≥90%的人数是未依从者的1.684倍(P = 0.028)。结论:中国NICU护士预防PI的态度和依从性水平相对较好,较差,态度与依从性呈正相关关系。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to "Cognitive gaps and educational needs in foot self-care among patients with diabetic foot from a health literacy perspective: A qualitative study" [J Tissue Viabil 34 (2025) 100960]. “糖尿病足患者足部自我护理认知差异与教育需求的定性研究”[J].中国医学杂志,2015(4):391 - 391。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100972
Xiaodan Lin, Xianghao Chen, Yuantian Li, Shumin He, Haidan Xie, Xiaozhou Zhou
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引用次数: 0
Pressure injury prevention knowledge in nursing professionals 护理专业人员的压力伤害预防知识
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100968
Ainhoa Nieto-García , Leticia Nieto-García , María Alba Roca-Biosca , María Teresa Moreiro-Barroso , Adela Carpio-Pérez , Montserrat Alonso-Sardón

Background

Pressure injuries represent an important health problem in Spain, which affects all levels of care. Within nursing care, the prevention of this type of injury is considered a priority activity in which nursing staff have a primary role. Therefore, knowing the possible training needs allows planning and directing resources towards those areas where there is a greater knowledge deficit.

Objective

To assess nursing professionals' knowledge of pressure injury prevention guidelines.

Method

A descriptive cross-sectional study using the Pressure Injury Prevention Knowledge Questionnaire (PIPK), self-completed by nurses working in the Salamanca Health Area (Spain) between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2024.

Results

A total of 164 respondents participated (89 % women), mean age 36 years and mean professional experience of 13 years. Of these, 132 nurses work at the University Hospital of Salamanca and 29 nurses work in primary care. The average global Knowledge Index was 85.2 % and the Ignorance Index was 7.78 %. Professionals with postgraduate or specialized nursing training (P = 0.003) and more years of experience (P = 0.004) achieved higher knowledge scores on the PIPK questionnaire, with consistent results across all services.

Conclusion

The level of knowledge of the nurses in the Salamanca Health Area is appropriate in relation to published literature.
在西班牙,压力伤害是一个重要的健康问题,影响到所有级别的护理。在护理中,预防这种类型的伤害被认为是护理人员发挥主要作用的优先活动。因此,了解可能的培训需求可以规划并将资源引导到那些存在较大知识缺口的领域。目的了解护理人员对压伤预防指南的了解情况。方法采用2023年1月1日至2024年12月31日在西班牙萨拉曼卡卫生区工作的护士自行填写的压力伤害预防知识问卷(PIPK)进行描述性横断面研究。结果调查对象共164人(女性89%),平均年龄36岁,平均从业经验13年。其中,132名护士在萨拉曼卡大学医院工作,29名护士在初级保健部门工作。全球平均知识指数为85.2%,无知指数为7.78%。接受过研究生或专业护理培训(P = 0.003)和经验更多年(P = 0.004)的专业人员在PIPK问卷上的知识得分更高,所有服务的结果都是一致的。结论萨拉曼卡卫生区护士的知识水平相对于已发表的文献而言是适宜的。
{"title":"Pressure injury prevention knowledge in nursing professionals","authors":"Ainhoa Nieto-García ,&nbsp;Leticia Nieto-García ,&nbsp;María Alba Roca-Biosca ,&nbsp;María Teresa Moreiro-Barroso ,&nbsp;Adela Carpio-Pérez ,&nbsp;Montserrat Alonso-Sardón","doi":"10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pressure injuries represent an important health problem in Spain, which affects all levels of care. Within nursing care, the prevention of this type of injury is considered a priority activity in which nursing staff have a primary role. Therefore, knowing the possible training needs allows planning and directing resources towards those areas where there is a greater knowledge deficit.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess nursing professionals' knowledge of pressure injury prevention guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A descriptive cross-sectional study using the Pressure Injury Prevention Knowledge Questionnaire (PIPK), self-completed by nurses working in the Salamanca Health Area (Spain) between January 1, 2023 and December 31, 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 164 respondents participated (89 % women), mean age 36 years and mean professional experience of 13 years. Of these, 132 nurses work at the University Hospital of Salamanca and 29 nurses work in primary care. The average global Knowledge Index was 85.2 % and the Ignorance Index was 7.78 %. Professionals with postgraduate or specialized nursing training (<em>P</em> = 0.003) and more years of experience (<em>P</em> = 0.004) achieved higher knowledge scores on the PIPK questionnaire, with consistent results across all services.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The level of knowledge of the nurses in the Salamanca Health Area is appropriate in relation to published literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17392,"journal":{"name":"Journal of tissue viability","volume":"35 1","pages":"Article 100968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of nurses towards wound cleansing: design and evaluation of measurement properties of a questionnaire 护士对伤口清洁的知识、态度和实践(KAP):问卷测量特性的设计和评估
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100967
Erin M. Rajhathy , Karin Falk-Brynhildsen , Kevin Y. Woo , Dimitri Beeckman

Background

Wound cleansing is a fundamental component of chronic wound management; yet, high-quality evidence to guide practice is limited. Understanding nurses’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) is essential, but no instrument with published evidence of acceptable measurement properties exists.

Objective

To develop a KAP questionnaire on wound cleansing for community nurses and evaluate its measurement properties.

Methods

A multi-phase study was conducted, including literature/consensus item generation; a two-round international Delphi process; pilot cognitive interviews; and field testing in Canada. Knowledge was assessed for item and construct validity; attitude for internal consistency (Cronbach's α); and all KAP items for stability using test-retest reliability.

Results

26 experts supported content relevance; feedback led to targeted revisions. Field testing involved 130 nurses (83.1 % homecare; >80 % with ≥5 years of wound care experience). Several knowledge items were too easy (≥.90); none negatively discriminated. Exploratory principal components analysis of attitudes yielded three components (63 % of variance); internal consistency ranged from α = 0.41 to α = 0.76. In the subsample (n = 30), knowledge κ values ranged from slight/fair to substantial; some items showed ceiling effects (uniform responses, κ undefined). Attitude and practice item-level intraclass correlation coefficients varied (.07–.95), with several ≥.75 and others <.60. Known-groups comparison supported higher knowledge among formally educated nurses.

Conclusion

Evidence supports content validity and a clarified attitudes structure; internal consistency and stability were acceptable for some elements but below the threshold for others. Future refinement and confirmatory testing are warranted.
背景:伤口清洗是慢性伤口管理的一个基本组成部分;然而,指导实践的高质量证据是有限的。了解护士的知识、态度和实践(KAP)是必不可少的,但没有公开证据表明存在可接受的测量属性。目的编制社区护士伤口清洁KAP问卷,并对问卷的测量性质进行评价。方法采用多阶段研究,包括文献/共识项生成;两轮国际德尔菲进程;先导认知访谈;并在加拿大进行实地测试。评估知识的项目效度和构念效度;内部一致性态度(Cronbach’s α);所有KAP项目的稳定性采用重测信度。结果26位专家支持内容相关性;反馈导致了有针对性的修订。现场测试涉及130名护士(83.1%为家庭护理;80%具有≥5年伤口护理经验)。有几个知识点过于简单(≥0.90);没有负面歧视。态度的探索性主成分分析产生三个成分(63%的方差);内部一致性范围为α = 0.41 ~ α = 0.76。在子样本(n = 30)中,知识κ值的范围从轻微/一般到大量;一些项目显示天花板效应(均匀反应,κ未定义)。态度与练习项目水平的班级内相关系数差异为(.07 -。95),个别≥.75,其他≥. 60。已知组比较支持受过正规教育的护士知识水平较高。结论证据支持内容效度和明确的态度结构;内部一致性和稳定性对某些要素是可以接受的,但对其他要素则低于阈值。未来的改进和确认测试是有保证的。
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引用次数: 0
Improving concordance with long-term compression therapy amongst people with venous ulceration: A Delphi study- clinician cohort 改善静脉溃疡患者长期压迫治疗的一致性:德尔菲研究-临床医师队列。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100908
Chloe Jansz , William McGuiness , Sonja Cleary
Research by Nelson and Adderley (2016)reveals that 60–80 % of individuals affected by chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) develop venous leg ulcers (VLU). The gold standard treatment for VLU is the application of compression therapy (CT), which promotes venous return, reduces venous pressure, and minimizes stasis (Bullock & Manias, 2022). Patient concordance to CT is suboptimal, with only 40 % concordance, leading to a higher risk of VLU recurrence (Eri ckson et al., 1995; Fi nlayson et al., 2014; K app et al., 2013). This poses a significant and costly healthcare challenge (Smith & McGuiness, 2010).
A Delphi study was conducted to ascertain the factors that influence concordance with CT using a clinician cohort. The study asked participants to rank factors that facilitated concordance and those that acted as barrier. Results revealed that clinicians identified 44 factors that facilitated concordance and 46 factors that acted as a barrier in the initial phase. The consensus level, measured by a Kendall W Coefficient, ranged from moderate to strong amongst the participants (Zanotti & Chiffi, 2015).
Nelson和Adderley(2016)的研究表明,60- 80%的慢性静脉功能不全(CVI)患者会出现静脉性腿部溃疡(VLU)。VLU的金标准治疗是应用压迫治疗(CT),它可以促进静脉回流,降低静脉压力,并最大限度地减少瘀滞(Bullock & Manias, 2022)。患者与CT的一致性不理想,只有40%的一致性,导致VLU复发的风险较高(Eri ckson等,1995;Fi nlayson等,2014;K app et al., 2013)。这对医疗保健构成了重大而昂贵的挑战(Smith & mcguinness, 2010)。采用德尔菲研究确定影响CT一致性的因素。该研究要求参与者对促进和谐的因素和阻碍和谐的因素进行排序。结果显示,临床医生确定了44个促进一致性的因素和46个在初始阶段作为障碍的因素。由肯德尔W系数衡量的共识水平在参与者中从中等到强不等(Zanotti & Chiffi, 2015)。
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引用次数: 0
Infrared thermography for assessing skin temperature characteristics of postoperative blanching erythema and stage 1 pressure injuries 红外热成像评价术后焯水性红斑和1期压伤的皮肤温度特征。
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2025.100963
Ying Xu , Min Xu , Pan Huang , Qianqian Zhu , Xiaoqiong Jiang , Fuman Cai

Objective

To evaluate the application of infrared thermography in assessing skin temperature characteristics of postoperative blanching erythema and Stage 1 pressure injuries in patients.

Methods

An observational study design was employed. We recruited 323 patients under general anesthesia who had an expected surgical duration exceeding 3 h and who experienced intraoperative sacral pressure. Infrared thermal images of the sacral region were captured, and skin assessments were conducted before entering the operating room, after admission to the post-anesthetic care unit, and daily for 3 days postoperatively.

Results

A total of 12 cases of Stage 1 pressure injuries and 81 cases of blanching erythema were identified. When the temperature in the affected area was elevated compared to the surrounding normal skin, Stage 1 pressure injuries demonstrated significantly higher ΔT values than blanching erythema (p = 0.001). When the temperature was reduced, the ΔT differences between Stage 1 pressure injuries and blanching erythema were not significant (p = 0.881). However, a higher proportion of Stage 1 pressure injury areas exhibited hypothermia (50 % vs. 8.6 %).

Conclusion

Postoperative blanching erythema and Stage 1 pressure injuries exhibit either warmer or cooler skin temperatures compared to adjacent normal skin. Compared to blanching erythema, Stage 1 pressure injuries are more likely to present with hypothermic areas or demonstrate more pronounced relative temperature increases in the affected regions.
目的:探讨红外热像仪在评价术后焯水性红斑及1期压伤患者皮肤温度特征中的应用。方法:采用观察性研究设计。我们招募了323例全麻患者,预计手术时间超过3小时,术中出现骶骨压力。采集骶骨区域红外热像,并在进入手术室前、进入麻醉后护理单元后、术后3天每天进行皮肤评估。结果:1期压伤12例,烫红性红斑81例。与周围正常皮肤相比,当患处温度升高时,1期压力损伤的ΔT值明显高于焯水性红斑(p = 0.001)。温度降低后,1期压伤与烫漂性红斑的ΔT差异无统计学意义(p = 0.881)。然而,较高比例的1期压力损伤区域表现出低体温(50%对8.6%)。结论:与邻近正常皮肤相比,术后焯水性红斑和1期压伤的皮肤温度升高或降低。与焯水性红斑相比,第1阶段压伤更有可能出现低体温区域或在受影响区域表现出更明显的相对温度升高。
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引用次数: 0
ADVERTISEMENT - JTV - CONFERENCE 2026 210X280MM ABSTRACTS 广告- JTV -会议2026 210x280mm摘要
IF 2.4 3区 医学 Q2 DERMATOLOGY Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0965-206X(25)00119-6
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of tissue viability
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