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Objectives of Islamic finance - zakat and endowment as a model 伊斯兰金融的目标--天课和捐赠是一种模式
Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.59271/s45305.024.2458.11
Youssef Bakouchi, Elkhalfi Abderrahman
At the present time, humanity is facing poverty and unemployment, which are considered to be the biggest problems that affect more than one billion people in the world, and the concept of poverty has expanded to include those with limited income who are unable to achieve the minimum level of well-being required. Contemporary applications related to Islamic financing for the sake of the noble purposes of the individual and the community. As the state of the state is unable to respond to all the needs of the citizens, which calls for finding alternative sources of funding to contribute to the reduction of the burden of social services on the general budget of the state. One of the most prominent of these applications is zakat and endowment, and the attempt to expand the range of those who are entitled to them, including those with limited income who do not have enough income, whether they are employed or not.
目前,人类正面临着贫困和失业问题,这被认为是影响全世界 10 多亿人的最大问 题,贫困的概念已扩大到包括那些收入有限、无法达到最低生活水平的人。为了个人和社会的崇高目的,与伊斯兰融资有关的当代应用。由于国家无法满足公民的所有需求,这就需要寻找其他资金来源,以帮助减轻社会服务对国家总预算造成的负担。其中最突出的应用之一就是天课和捐赠,并试图扩大有权享受天课和捐赠者的范围,包括那些收入有限、没有足够收入的人,无论他们是否就业。
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引用次数: 0
Strategies of protest action to resist urban politics in Morocco 摩洛哥抵抗城市政治的抗议行动策略
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s45194.023.2003.13
Simohamed Chakki
This article aims to address the act of social urban protest. The light is shed on the protest strategy deployed by the dwellers of marginal neighbourhoods to decry the interference of the state in their lives. In order to address such a problem, we rely on observations and interviews to build up the corpus for such an exploratory survey. As for the theoretical framework we use theories and concepts deployed by the social studies concerned with marginal areas. Accordingly, the site and the infrastructure of “Bloc Mkhaznia” display a moral standard that instigates the protest which emphasises the institutional framework and a feeling of superiority as a strategy to decline the project of rehousing in the suburban site of ENNASSER in Casablanca.
本文旨在探讨社会性城市抗议行为。该书揭示了边缘社区居民为谴责政府干预他们生活而采取的抗议策略。为了解决这个问题,我们依靠观察和访谈来建立这样一个探索性调查的语料库。在理论框架方面,我们采用了边缘地区社会研究的理论和概念。因此,“Bloc Mkhaznia”的场地和基础设施展示了一种道德标准,煽动抗议,强调制度框架和优越感,作为拒绝卡萨布兰卡enasser郊区重新安置项目的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Art at the service of feminine genius, at George Sand 艺术为女性天才服务,乔治·桑
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s45095.023.1810.12
Ikram Chemlali
George Sand remains a modern writer who entirely rejects the idea that a woman does not have the same mental skills as a man. The latter, and according to modern Sandian thought, must stop taking himself for the master of society and stop his misogyny which completely refuses to admit the feminine genius. In fact, for a long time, it was strongly believed that women are incapable of creating. She can only imitate male role models. There, the Sandian thought thwarts this macho spirit and manages to prove the opposite. His heroines are often endowed with real creative power. They do not attach too much importance to the ambient atmosphere which tries relentlessly to take away their self-confidence. Nothing stops them in their quest for social success, especially since they are, like George Sand, perfectly capable of innovating. An innovation that displays unique features within the Sandian universe.
乔治·桑仍然是一位现代作家,他完全反对女性不具备与男性相同的思维能力的观点。按照现代桑甸人的思想,后者必须停止以自己为社会的主宰,停止完全拒绝承认女性天才的厌女症。事实上,很长一段时间以来,人们都坚信女性没有创造的能力。她只能模仿男性榜样。在那里,桑甸思想挫败了这种男子气概,并设法证明了相反的一面。他笔下的女主人公往往被赋予了真正的创造力。他们不太重视周围的气氛,因为周围的气氛无情地试图带走他们的自信。没有什么能阻止他们追求社会上的成功,尤其是因为他们像乔治·桑一样,具有完美的创新能力。这是一个在桑甸世界中展示独特特征的创新。
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引用次数: 0
George Sand And Body Writing As An Opposition To The Patriarchal Spirit 乔治·桑德与反对男权精神的身体写作
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s44970.023.1911.6
Ikram Chemlali
In George Sand, the female body takes the form of a discursive place where unique ideas emerge. These are placed at the service of an aesthetic novelty consisting in painting a body that wants to be the reflection of this feminine revolt in the 19th century. The novelist actually puts the female body on stage and dares to examine it as a company fighting tirelessly for a change in misogynistic thinking. The latter considers the female body as a pure tool for the satisfaction of male carnal desire. It therefore seems essential to us to ask ourselves how the organism of the woman is transformed into a mediating figure, through which the author exposes her own conception of the female body and its relationship to the sexual desire of the man. A body that dares to rise up against the patriarchal spirit, in order to impose the existence of the woman as a subject in her own right.
在乔治·桑的作品中,女性的身体呈现出一种话语的形式,独特的思想在这里涌现。这些都是为了服务于一种美学上的新奇,包括画一个想要反映19世纪女性反抗的身体。这位小说家实际上把女性的身体放在舞台上,并敢于把它当作一个为改变厌恶女性的思想而不懈奋斗的公司来审视。后者认为女性的身体纯粹是满足男性肉欲的工具。因此,我们似乎有必要问自己,女人的有机体是如何转化为一个中介人物的,通过这个角色,作者揭示了她自己对女性身体的概念,以及女性身体与男性性欲的关系。一个敢于反抗男权精神的身体,为了将女性作为主体的存在强加于人。
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引用次数: 0
Investment deposits and their adaptation according to the rules of the Maliki school of thought 投资存款和他们的适应根据马利基学派的思想规则
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s44866.023.0108.1
Sokaina ELbori
The need for development in Islamic finance has become a priority to keep pace with the development taking place, and to prove that the Islamic economic doctrine is independent and based on economic and ethical foundations, so the spread of the development project of Islamic banks played a role in highlighting this distinction as it offers various financial products between services and investment. From development and profit to the bank and the customer in various forms, including investment deposits the interest in this topic and the detail in its jurisprudential adaptation was in accordance with the rules of the Maliki school of thought, in order to bypass the questions raised by customers about Islamic financial transactions and their legitimacy as it is a new field and requires Control and graduation, i.e. attaching the original to the branch, in order to issue a ruling on the transaction, whether it is permissible or prohibited. As for his adherence to the Maliki school of thought, i.e., graduating it according to the rules of Maliki transactions, it transcends the many opinions about a single transaction and the correct setting of the ruling without the large number of branches.
伊斯兰金融的发展需要已经成为一个优先事项,以跟上正在发生的发展,并证明伊斯兰经济教义是独立的,基于经济和伦理基础,因此伊斯兰银行发展项目的传播在突出这一区别方面发挥了作用,因为它提供了服务和投资之间的各种金融产品。从发展和利润到各种形式的银行和客户,包括投资存款,对这一主题的兴趣及其法律改编的细节是根据马利基学派的规则,以绕过客户对伊斯兰金融交易及其合法性提出的问题,因为这是一个新领域,需要控制和毕业,即将原始附加到分支机构。以便对交易作出裁决,无论该交易是允许的还是禁止的。至于他对马利基学派的坚持,即按照马利基交易的规则来毕业,它超越了对单一交易的众多意见和正确设置的裁决,没有大量的分支。
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引用次数: 0
The evolution of the rhetorical system from the partial to the total 修辞系统从局部到整体的演变
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s44916.023.2136.4
Mohamed Hamo
The rhetorical system has known a historical development that responds to the conditions that affected Arabic rhetoric in different cognitive contexts, which made the issue of Arabic rhetorical authorship move from research in partial rhetorical issues, to authorship in overall rhetorical systems. In this context, verbal rhetorical systems were studied according to the same path; The verbal graphic format is not separated from the rhetorical format in general. Hence, it is possible to talk about the development that the system knew in the two phases together, as long as the two systems are not separated at the level of research, authorship, and theorizing. What is meant by "partial format"? What are its most important stages? How did this system evolve from partial to total? What are the justifications for researching the general systems of some rhetoricians?
在不同的认知语境中,阿拉伯语修辞学的作者身份研究从局部修辞学问题转向了整体修辞学系统的作者身份研究,从而使阿拉伯语修辞学系统经历了一个历史发展过程。在此背景下,言语修辞系统的研究也遵循同样的路径;一般来说,口头图形格式与修辞格式是分不开的。因此,只要两个系统在研究、作者和理论化的层面上不分离,就可以一起讨论系统在两个阶段所知道的发展。“部分格式”是什么意思?它最重要的阶段是什么?这个系统是如何从局部发展到整体的?研究某些修辞学家的一般体系的理由是什么?
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of Family Routine and its Role in Developing The Social Skills of The Child 家庭日常生活的重要性及其在发展儿童社交技能中的作用
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s44812.022.1250.15
F. Yahya
The current study derives its importance from two main tributaries: the nature of the subject it deals with, and the nature of the age stage (childhood)., The social skills are a wide concept that includes what is outside the family and relatives in a large society with all its institutions, and what is associated with the individual itself, which helps the individual to aware, percept and control its social existence so that he / she is more effective, and adjust his/her need to link with the others to be able to play his/her social role vitality and effective. In addition, the family importance and routine practiced, which can have an active role in the development of these skills, install and maintain, and this importance is increased in children because they are in the stage of development from various aspects (psychological, mental, emotional and social especially ...). During this stage can identify children Skills through what they want to practice. This research paper aimed to determine the importance of the family routine among the child and its role in the development of social skills, and to clarify this goal, this paper focused on two points: Frist, the importance of family routine among the child. Second, the family routine role in the development of social skills among the child.
当前研究的重要性主要来自两个方面:研究对象的性质,以及年龄阶段(童年)的性质。社会技能是一个广义的概念,它既包括在一个大社会及其所有制度中家庭和亲属之外的东西,也包括与个人本身有关的东西,它有助于个人认识、感知和控制自己的社会存在,使自己更有效,并调整自己与他人联系的需要,使自己能够活力和有效地发挥自己的社会角色。此外,家庭的重要性和日常的实践,可以在这些技能的发展中起到积极的作用,安装和维护,这种重要性在儿童中增加,因为他们正处于各个方面的发展阶段(心理,精神,情感和社会特别是……)。在这个阶段可以通过孩子想要练习的东西来识别他们的技能。本研究论文旨在确定家庭常规在儿童中的重要性及其在社会技能发展中的作用,为了明确这一目标,本文主要关注两点:第一,家庭常规在儿童中的重要性。第二,家庭常规在孩子社交技能发展中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Accessibility and Independence of Visually Impaired Individuals through AI, ML and IoT: The Development of a Smart Robot Assistant. 通过人工智能、机器学习和物联网提高视障人士的可及性和独立性:智能机器人助手的开发。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s45078.023.2301.11
A. Adel, Ahmed Goda, Mostafa M. Sadek, Mohammed Salama
This paper presents the development of a smart robot assistant designed to enhance accessibility and independence for visually impaired individuals by leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. The system incorporates various sensors, including cameras, microphones, and distance sensors, with Raspberry Pi 4 and Nvidia RTX 3050 ti hardware to provide features such as voice recognition, obstacle detection, and navigation. The software is programmed using Python version 3.9.16 and utilizes important libraries such as Tensorflow, OpenCV, and PyAudio. Our study shows that the smart robot assistant can offer numerous benefits, including increased mobility, safety, and independence, by recognizing and responding to voice commands, identifying obstacles and avoiding collisions, and providing audio feedback on its location and surroundings. However, successful adoption requires addressing several challenges, including improving the accuracy and reliability of obstacle detection, ensuring privacy and security, and reducing costs. The propose strategies to overcome these challenges, such as leveraging AI and ML technologies, collaborating with stakeholders, and promoting regulatory frameworks. In conclusion, this paper highlights the potential of AI, ML, and IoT technologies in developing smart robots to enhance the accessibility and independence of visually impaired individuals. By addressing the aforementioned challenges and incorporating user feedback, these systems have the potential to significantly improve the quality of life for this population.
本文介绍了一种智能机器人助手的开发,旨在通过利用人工智能(AI)、机器学习(ML)和物联网(IoT)技术来提高视障人士的可及性和独立性。该系统集成了各种传感器,包括摄像头、麦克风和距离传感器,与树莓派4和Nvidia RTX 3050 ti硬件一起提供语音识别、障碍物检测和导航等功能。该软件使用Python 3.9.16版本编程,并使用了重要的库,如Tensorflow, OpenCV和PyAudio。我们的研究表明,智能机器人助手可以通过识别和响应语音命令,识别障碍物和避免碰撞,并提供关于其位置和周围环境的音频反馈,从而提供许多好处,包括增强移动性、安全性和独立性。然而,成功的采用需要解决几个挑战,包括提高障碍物检测的准确性和可靠性,确保隐私和安全性,以及降低成本。他们提出了克服这些挑战的策略,例如利用人工智能和机器学习技术,与利益相关者合作,以及促进监管框架。总之,本文强调了人工智能、机器学习和物联网技术在开发智能机器人方面的潜力,以提高视障人士的可及性和独立性。通过解决上述挑战并纳入用户反馈,这些系统有可能显著改善这一人群的生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
Letter: The Green Economy and its Impact on Sustainable Development 信:绿色经济及其对可持续发展的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s44582.022.0601.2
Saad Khaled
with the increasing pressures on the environment as a result of the various commitments and activities that serve the economy, especially in the major industrialized countries... The concept of the green economy began to appear, which means achieving growth and sustainable development without violating the environmental system, as well as providing aid and grants to poor countries in order to advance education, health and infrastructure, thus achieving justice and equality.
由于为经济服务的各种承诺和活动,特别是在主要工业化国家,对环境造成越来越大的压力……绿色经济的概念开始出现,即在不违反环境体系的情况下实现增长和可持续发展,并向贫穷国家提供援助和赠款,以推进教育、卫生和基础设施建设,从而实现正义和平等。
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引用次数: 0
Jurisprudence of priorities, and an inventory of definitions 优先级的法理学,以及定义的清单
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.59271/s44867-023-2047-7
Mohammed Mghabar
The jurisprudence of priorities, a new term that hardly exceeds fifty years, but it was and still is present in all aspects of life, but it was not marked as jurisprudence or an independent scientific field. As usual with all sciences, especially jurisprudential ones, several sub-fields descended from them, such as the jurisprudence of reality, the jurisprudence of the stage, and so on, due to an urgent necessity for people and jurists alike. It is possible to imagine an analogy for this matter, for the medical sciences, for example, dentistry became independent of the medical profession, due to its sterility and its compatibility with the alternative dental industry, but with time other characteristics appeared, such as dental surgery and orthodontics, and other specializations may appear, depending on time and place. This research is concerned with an inventory of definitions of the jurisprudence of priorities, linguistically, idiomatically, and Sharia, and an inventory of some of the literature on this art, so that the researcher finally concludes with a brief definition that enables researchers, male and female, to pay attention and concern with this topic.
优先权的法理学是一个新术语,出现不到五十年,但它过去和现在仍然存在于生活的各个方面,但它没有被标记为法理学或一个独立的科学领域。如同一切科学,特别是法理学的科学一样,由于人们和法学家的迫切需要,从它们派生出了若干子领域,如现实法学、阶段法学等等。对于这个问题,可以想象一个类比,例如,对于医学科学来说,牙科由于其无菌性和与替代牙科工业的兼容性而独立于医学职业,但随着时间的推移,出现了其他特征,例如牙科手术和正畸,以及其他专业可能出现,这取决于时间和地点。本研究涉及对优先事项、语言学、习惯用语和伊斯兰教法的法学定义的清单,以及对这门艺术的一些文献的清单,因此研究人员最终得出一个简短的定义,使研究人员,无论男女,都能关注和关注这个主题。
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引用次数: 0
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International Uni-Scientific Research Journal
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