Pub Date : 2023-11-24DOI: 10.1017/s0025315423000826
Kimberley Mills, Kate Mortimer
Shovelhead worms are common polychaetes around the British Isles and have been recorded in numerous ecological surveys. Yet, understanding of their habitat conditions is poor, based heavily on visual observations of sediments from historical records. In this study, the drivers of abundance and geographical distribution of two morphologically and behaviourally diverse species Magelona alleni and Magelona minuta are investigated by reanalysing sediment characteristics and depths from museum marine monitoring surveys. Although both species are historically associated with muddy sediments, the records herein suggest that M. alleni occurs in an extensive range of sediments, but is more abundant at localities with more than 25% sand. In comparison, M. minuta shows a negative linear relationship between grain diameter and abundance, corroborating previous work that the species is abundant in fine-grained mud. The depth records show that while M. alleni predominates below 60 m, M. minuta is a distinct offshore species. These differences may be attributed to the interspecific variation in morphology and motility between the species: M. alleni is stout and tube-dwelling, while M. minuta is fragile, small, and fairly motile. To corroborate these findings, sediment grains from tubes of M. alleni were classified using the Udden–Wentworth grain size scale and suggest sand is the key component for tube construction. Overall, this study highlights that sediment parameters for M. alleni have been misinterpreted and generalised in historical records, emphasising the importance of quantitative sediment analysis in defining the habitat of Magelona.
{"title":"Impact of historic sediment characterisation on predicting polychaete distributions: a case study of so-called muddy habitat shovelhead worms (Annelida: Magelonidae)","authors":"Kimberley Mills, Kate Mortimer","doi":"10.1017/s0025315423000826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315423000826","url":null,"abstract":"Shovelhead worms are common polychaetes around the British Isles and have been recorded in numerous ecological surveys. Yet, understanding of their habitat conditions is poor, based heavily on visual observations of sediments from historical records. In this study, the drivers of abundance and geographical distribution of two morphologically and behaviourally diverse species <jats:italic>Magelona alleni</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Magelona minuta</jats:italic> are investigated by reanalysing sediment characteristics and depths from museum marine monitoring surveys. Although both species are historically associated with muddy sediments, the records herein suggest that <jats:italic>M. alleni</jats:italic> occurs in an extensive range of sediments, but is more abundant at localities with more than 25% sand. In comparison, <jats:italic>M. minuta</jats:italic> shows a negative linear relationship between grain diameter and abundance, corroborating previous work that the species is abundant in fine-grained mud. The depth records show that while <jats:italic>M. alleni</jats:italic> predominates below 60 m, <jats:italic>M. minuta</jats:italic> is a distinct offshore species. These differences may be attributed to the interspecific variation in morphology and motility between the species: <jats:italic>M. alleni</jats:italic> is stout and tube-dwelling, while <jats:italic>M. minuta</jats:italic> is fragile, small, and fairly motile. To corroborate these findings, sediment grains from tubes of <jats:italic>M. alleni</jats:italic> were classified using the Udden–Wentworth grain size scale and suggest sand is the key component for tube construction. Overall, this study highlights that sediment parameters for <jats:italic>M. alleni</jats:italic> have been misinterpreted and generalised in historical records, emphasising the importance of quantitative sediment analysis in defining the habitat of <jats:italic>Magelona</jats:italic>.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138511988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Record-sized specimens of the ornate eagle ray Aetomylaeus vespertilio and mangrove whipray Urogymnus granulatus were caught by single-day trawlers off Pamban Island in the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India during 2021 and 2022. All were landed at the Pamban Therkuvadi Fish Landing Centre (FLC). The largest ornate eagle ray was 384 cm disc width (DW) and weighed 530 kg, setting a new global record for the species, as the previous maximum size was reported to be 300 cm DW. This specimen was landed on 19 July 2021. Another large specimen of this species (360 cm DW and total weight of 453 kg) was caught and landed on 12 August 2022. The landed mangrove whipray was 153 cm DW and 150 kg total weight, larger than the previously reported maximum size of 141 cm DW. The morphometrics, stomach contents and reproductive state were studied. One of the eagle rays was a pregnant female with three full-term embryos in the uterus, while the whipray was a spent female. The main prey species in the stomach of eagle ray was big-eye scad Selar crumenophthalmus. The mangrove whipray had fed on a range of fish (pigface bream, goatfish, silverbellies, silverbiddies and lesser sardine) and octopus.
{"title":"Biological observations and new maximum reported sizes for two threatened rays: ornate eagle ray Aetomylaeus vespertilio and mangrove whipray Urogymnus granulatus from the Gulf of Mannar, India","authors":"Remya Lalitha, Sujitha Thomas, Shoba Joe Kizhakudan, Thirumalaiselvan Shanmugam, Gandhi Ayyakannu, Midhun Muthayan, Rajkumar Raja, Vetrivel Vedhagiri, Rajendran Umayan, Shanmuganathan Kalimuthu, Prakash Murugesan","doi":"10.1017/s0025315423000796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315423000796","url":null,"abstract":"Record-sized specimens of the ornate eagle ray <jats:italic>Aetomylaeus vespertilio</jats:italic> and mangrove whipray <jats:italic>Urogymnus granulatus</jats:italic> were caught by single-day trawlers off Pamban Island in the Gulf of Mannar, Tamil Nadu, India during 2021 and 2022. All were landed at the Pamban Therkuvadi Fish Landing Centre (FLC). The largest ornate eagle ray was 384 cm disc width (DW) and weighed 530 kg, setting a new global record for the species, as the previous maximum size was reported to be 300 cm DW. This specimen was landed on 19 July 2021. Another large specimen of this species (360 cm DW and total weight of 453 kg) was caught and landed on 12 August 2022. The landed mangrove whipray was 153 cm DW and 150 kg total weight, larger than the previously reported maximum size of 141 cm DW. The morphometrics, stomach contents and reproductive state were studied. One of the eagle rays was a pregnant female with three full-term embryos in the uterus, while the whipray was a spent female. The main prey species in the stomach of eagle ray was big-eye scad <jats:italic>Selar crumenophthalmus</jats:italic>. The mangrove whipray had fed on a range of fish (pigface bream, goatfish, silverbellies, silverbiddies and lesser sardine) and octopus.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138512023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1017/s0025315423000802
Melih Ertan Çinar, Aytaç Özgül
Didemnum vexillum is an aggressive, rapidly growing colonial ascidian and regarded as a global alien invasive species in temperate waters. It has recently become established in the western Mediterranean and the vectors of its introduction were assumed to be shipping or oyster trade. A dense settlement of it was encountered on nets of the bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) cages placed at 60–65 m depths off the İzmir Peninsula (eastern Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean) in December 2022. It had considerably clogged net's eye openings, hindering water circulations inside cages. It had a vertical distributional pattern on 35 m long-nets, occurring solely on depths from surface down to 15 m, around where a summer thermocline develops. It has entirely replaced the native black mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis on nets. This colonial ascidian changed the routine cleaning procedure of nets in the farming. Three possible ways of its introduction to the eastern Mediterranean were proposed, but the most reasonable one is its secondary transfer via nets or ships from Malta. Mechanisms of its invasion biology and behaviour should be studied and monitored in the region.
{"title":"Clogging nets-Didemnum vexillum (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) is in action in the eastern Mediterranean","authors":"Melih Ertan Çinar, Aytaç Özgül","doi":"10.1017/s0025315423000802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315423000802","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:italic>Didemnum vexillum</jats:italic> is an aggressive, rapidly growing colonial ascidian and regarded as a global alien invasive species in temperate waters. It has recently become established in the western Mediterranean and the vectors of its introduction were assumed to be shipping or oyster trade. A dense settlement of it was encountered on nets of the bluefin tuna (<jats:italic>Thunnus thynnus</jats:italic>) cages placed at 60–65 m depths off the İzmir Peninsula (eastern Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean) in December 2022. It had considerably clogged net's eye openings, hindering water circulations inside cages. It had a vertical distributional pattern on 35 m long-nets, occurring solely on depths from surface down to 15 m, around where a summer thermocline develops. It has entirely replaced the native black mussel <jats:italic>Mytilus galloprovincialis</jats:italic> on nets. This colonial ascidian changed the routine cleaning procedure of nets in the farming. Three possible ways of its introduction to the eastern Mediterranean were proposed, but the most reasonable one is its secondary transfer via nets or ships from Malta. Mechanisms of its invasion biology and behaviour should be studied and monitored in the region.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138511989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-21DOI: 10.1017/s0025315423000784
Welly Qwabe, Toufiek Samaai, Jean M. Harris, Ryan M. Palmer, Sven E. Kerwath
A dense Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales) kelp forest extending at least 35 km has been found between 45 and 60 m depth range within the mesophotic zone inside the iSimangaliso marine-protected area (MPA) at the iSimangaliso Wetland park World Heritage Site on the east coast of South Africa. This is the first visual confirmation of the occurrence of E. radiata beds in subtropical South Africa, in an area situated between the tropical and subtropical bioregions, in an area that spans the Natal and Delagoa bioregions of the south-western Indian Ocean, more than 350 km north of its previously documented South African range. The kelp was found to be present across the length of the MPA, but dense beds were present only in the southern Natal bioregion, with sparse occurrences observed elsewhere on soft-coral and sponge-dominated reefs in the upper mesophotic zone. The footage was collected in November 2020, May 2021 and November 2022 during remotely operated vehicle and drop camera surveys of the mesophotic zone inside the MPA. This discovery adds to the body of knowledge on the global distribution of Laminariales populations in deep tropical and subtropical settings and the diversity of habitats within South Africa's largest coastal MPA.
{"title":"First mesophotic Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales) records within the iSimangaliso Wetland Park marine-protected area, east coast, South Africa","authors":"Welly Qwabe, Toufiek Samaai, Jean M. Harris, Ryan M. Palmer, Sven E. Kerwath","doi":"10.1017/s0025315423000784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0025315423000784","url":null,"abstract":"A dense <jats:italic>Ecklonia radiata</jats:italic> (Laminariales) kelp forest extending at least 35 km has been found between 45 and 60 m depth range within the mesophotic zone inside the iSimangaliso marine-protected area (MPA) at the iSimangaliso Wetland park World Heritage Site on the east coast of South Africa. This is the first visual confirmation of the occurrence of <jats:italic>E. radiata</jats:italic> beds in subtropical South Africa, in an area situated between the tropical and subtropical bioregions, in an area that spans the Natal and Delagoa bioregions of the south-western Indian Ocean, more than 350 km north of its previously documented South African range. The kelp was found to be present across the length of the MPA, but dense beds were present only in the southern Natal bioregion, with sparse occurrences observed elsewhere on soft-coral and sponge-dominated reefs in the upper mesophotic zone. The footage was collected in November 2020, May 2021 and November 2022 during remotely operated vehicle and drop camera surveys of the mesophotic zone inside the MPA. This discovery adds to the body of knowledge on the global distribution of Laminariales populations in deep tropical and subtropical settings and the diversity of habitats within South Africa's largest coastal MPA.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138512024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1017/S0025315423000553
Amairani Hernández-Aparicio, F. Galván‐Magaña, M. D. R. Simental‐Anguiano
Abstract The sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon longurio) is among the top three shark species captured by artisanal fisheries of the Gulf of California. This study includes information regarding the feeding habits of this species using the stomach contents of 70 individuals ranged from 54 to 109 cm in total length (TL). Out of the 16 prey items identified, fish of the families Scombridae (Scomber japonicus; prey-specific relative importance index [%PSIRI] = 6.3) and Batrachoididae (%PSIRI = 5.5), the cephalopod Lolliguncula spp. (%PSIRI = 6.3), and the crustacean Pleuroncodes planipes (%PSIRI = 4.3) were the most important prey. Only female stomachs were obtained (N = 19) in the central area of the gulf, and the PSIRI indicated that the preferred prey were the cephalopod Lolliguncula spp. (%PSIRI = 10.5) and fish of the Sparidae family (Calamus brachysomus; %PSIRI = 5.8). The number of stomachs was not sufficient to analyse differences by sex. Regarding its trophic position, R. longurio was a tertiary consumer (TLK = 4.4). A TLK = 4.4 was calculated for the central area, and a TLK = 4.3 for the southern area. According to Levin's index (Bi), this shark is a specialist predator in the whole study area (Bi = 0.19), including the centre (Bi = 0.29). Conversely, it was considered a generalist predator in the southern area (Bi = 0.63). The high quantity of empty stomachs could relate to the time the sharks were caught in fishing a gear.
{"title":"Feeding habits of the sharpnose shark Rhizoprionodon longurio on the west coast of the Gulf of California, Mexico","authors":"Amairani Hernández-Aparicio, F. Galván‐Magaña, M. D. R. Simental‐Anguiano","doi":"10.1017/S0025315423000553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315423000553","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon longurio) is among the top three shark species captured by artisanal fisheries of the Gulf of California. This study includes information regarding the feeding habits of this species using the stomach contents of 70 individuals ranged from 54 to 109 cm in total length (TL). Out of the 16 prey items identified, fish of the families Scombridae (Scomber japonicus; prey-specific relative importance index [%PSIRI] = 6.3) and Batrachoididae (%PSIRI = 5.5), the cephalopod Lolliguncula spp. (%PSIRI = 6.3), and the crustacean Pleuroncodes planipes (%PSIRI = 4.3) were the most important prey. Only female stomachs were obtained (N = 19) in the central area of the gulf, and the PSIRI indicated that the preferred prey were the cephalopod Lolliguncula spp. (%PSIRI = 10.5) and fish of the Sparidae family (Calamus brachysomus; %PSIRI = 5.8). The number of stomachs was not sufficient to analyse differences by sex. Regarding its trophic position, R. longurio was a tertiary consumer (TLK = 4.4). A TLK = 4.4 was calculated for the central area, and a TLK = 4.3 for the southern area. According to Levin's index (Bi), this shark is a specialist predator in the whole study area (Bi = 0.19), including the centre (Bi = 0.29). Conversely, it was considered a generalist predator in the southern area (Bi = 0.63). The high quantity of empty stomachs could relate to the time the sharks were caught in fishing a gear.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41810442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1017/S0025315423000528
Mohammad Jahed Hasan Bhuain, M. N. A. Sikder, Sayeed Mahmood Belal Haider, Abu Sayeed Muhammad Sharif, Sheikh Aftab Uddin, SM Sharifuzzaman, Henglong Xu
Abstract For the bioassessment of tropical marine ecosystem, a survey of protozoa colonizing artificial substrate was conducted in the coastal waters of northern Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. Protozoan samples were collected using glass slides from 1 and 2 m water depths at time intervals of 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days during winter and monsoon seasons. Thus, the colonization processes of protozoa were assigned into three stages namely the initial (3 days), transitional (7 days), and equilibrium stages (10–28 days) at two depths in two seasons. Regression analyses demonstrated that the colonization dynamics of protozoa were well fitted to the MacArthur-Wilson model and logistic equation. Species richness reached equilibrium after 10–14 days and species abundance was maximum at a depth of 1 m. These results suggest that samples of protozoa can be collected at 1 m depth in winter season for monitoring the ecological health of tropical marine ecosystems.
{"title":"Colonization dynamics of periphytic protozoa in a tropical marine ecosystem","authors":"Mohammad Jahed Hasan Bhuain, M. N. A. Sikder, Sayeed Mahmood Belal Haider, Abu Sayeed Muhammad Sharif, Sheikh Aftab Uddin, SM Sharifuzzaman, Henglong Xu","doi":"10.1017/S0025315423000528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315423000528","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For the bioassessment of tropical marine ecosystem, a survey of protozoa colonizing artificial substrate was conducted in the coastal waters of northern Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. Protozoan samples were collected using glass slides from 1 and 2 m water depths at time intervals of 3, 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days during winter and monsoon seasons. Thus, the colonization processes of protozoa were assigned into three stages namely the initial (3 days), transitional (7 days), and equilibrium stages (10–28 days) at two depths in two seasons. Regression analyses demonstrated that the colonization dynamics of protozoa were well fitted to the MacArthur-Wilson model and logistic equation. Species richness reached equilibrium after 10–14 days and species abundance was maximum at a depth of 1 m. These results suggest that samples of protozoa can be collected at 1 m depth in winter season for monitoring the ecological health of tropical marine ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45194125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.1017/S0025315423000504
Aiyang Wang, Jiao Cheng, Qian Xin, Z. Sha, Min Hui
Abstract The alvinocaridid shrimp Shinkaicaris leurokolos Kikuchi and Hashimoto, 2000, is an evolutionarily important deep-sea species in hydrothermal vents of north-western Pacific. A genome survey of S. leurokolos was carried out in order to provide a foundation for its whole-genome sequencing. A total of 599 Gb high-quality sequence data were obtained in the study, representing approximately 118× coverage of the S. leurokolos genome. According to the 17-mer distribution frequency, the estimated genome size was 5.08 Gb, and its heterozygosity ratio and percentage of repeated sequences were 2.85 and 87.03%, respectively, showing a complex genome. The final scaffold assembly accounted for a total size of 9.53 Gb (32,796,062 scaffolds, N50 = 597 bp). Repetitive elements nearly constituted 45% of the nuclear genome, among which the most ubiquitous were long interspersed nuclear elements, DNA transposons and long-terminal repeat elements. A total of 12,121,553 genomic simple sequence repeats were identified, with the most frequent repeat motif being di-nucleotide (70.27%), followed by tri-nucleotide and tetra-nucleotide. From the genome survey sequences, the mitochondrial genome of S. leurokolos was also constructed and 71 single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by comparison with previous published reference. This is the first report of de novo whole-genome sequencing and assembly of S. leurokolos. These newly developed genomic data contribute to a better understanding of genomic characteristics of shrimps from deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems, and provides valuable resources for further molecular marker development.
{"title":"A first genome survey sequencing of alvinocaridid shrimp Shinkaicaris leurokolos in deep-sea hydrothermal vent environment","authors":"Aiyang Wang, Jiao Cheng, Qian Xin, Z. Sha, Min Hui","doi":"10.1017/S0025315423000504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315423000504","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The alvinocaridid shrimp Shinkaicaris leurokolos Kikuchi and Hashimoto, 2000, is an evolutionarily important deep-sea species in hydrothermal vents of north-western Pacific. A genome survey of S. leurokolos was carried out in order to provide a foundation for its whole-genome sequencing. A total of 599 Gb high-quality sequence data were obtained in the study, representing approximately 118× coverage of the S. leurokolos genome. According to the 17-mer distribution frequency, the estimated genome size was 5.08 Gb, and its heterozygosity ratio and percentage of repeated sequences were 2.85 and 87.03%, respectively, showing a complex genome. The final scaffold assembly accounted for a total size of 9.53 Gb (32,796,062 scaffolds, N50 = 597 bp). Repetitive elements nearly constituted 45% of the nuclear genome, among which the most ubiquitous were long interspersed nuclear elements, DNA transposons and long-terminal repeat elements. A total of 12,121,553 genomic simple sequence repeats were identified, with the most frequent repeat motif being di-nucleotide (70.27%), followed by tri-nucleotide and tetra-nucleotide. From the genome survey sequences, the mitochondrial genome of S. leurokolos was also constructed and 71 single nucleotide polymorphisms were identified by comparison with previous published reference. This is the first report of de novo whole-genome sequencing and assembly of S. leurokolos. These newly developed genomic data contribute to a better understanding of genomic characteristics of shrimps from deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems, and provides valuable resources for further molecular marker development.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46377608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.1017/S0025315423000516
Edward Lavallin, N. Øien, Richard Sears
Abstract Despite holding the accolade as the largest animal ever to live on planet earth and ubiquitously inhabiting the world's major oceans, an acute paucity of information surrounds the geographical distribution and migration phenology of the endangered blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) in the northeast Atlantic. Current migration and distribution information derived from robust scientific studies is required to ensure the formulation and implementation of successful conservation measures with a vision to support the ongoing recovery of the northeast Atlantic population. At 10:21 (UTC) on the 9th of November 2020, two blue whales were observed at position 55°13.99′N, 01°13.62′W, 18 km off the coast of the UK in the central North Sea just north of Newcastle at a water depth of 76 m. This is the first paper that has confirmed an account of live blue whales frequenting shallow waters of the central North Sea and represents a new area of occurrence within the accepted range of the northeast Atlantic population, an area in which sightings are extremely rare and may provide insight into the intricacies of migration routes and behaviour.
{"title":"A fluke encounter: first record of the blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) within the central North Sea, United Kingdom","authors":"Edward Lavallin, N. Øien, Richard Sears","doi":"10.1017/S0025315423000516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315423000516","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite holding the accolade as the largest animal ever to live on planet earth and ubiquitously inhabiting the world's major oceans, an acute paucity of information surrounds the geographical distribution and migration phenology of the endangered blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) in the northeast Atlantic. Current migration and distribution information derived from robust scientific studies is required to ensure the formulation and implementation of successful conservation measures with a vision to support the ongoing recovery of the northeast Atlantic population. At 10:21 (UTC) on the 9th of November 2020, two blue whales were observed at position 55°13.99′N, 01°13.62′W, 18 km off the coast of the UK in the central North Sea just north of Newcastle at a water depth of 76 m. This is the first paper that has confirmed an account of live blue whales frequenting shallow waters of the central North Sea and represents a new area of occurrence within the accepted range of the northeast Atlantic population, an area in which sightings are extremely rare and may provide insight into the intricacies of migration routes and behaviour.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45029330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-25DOI: 10.1017/S0025315423000589
Helen S. Chadwick, James F. Barnett, Abigail Crosby, Anthea Hawtrey-Collier, Victoria J. Hobson, L. C. Omeyer, Ruth Williams, B. Godley
Abstract Changes in abundance and distribution of marine top predators can indicate environmental change or anthropogenic pressure requiring management response. Here, we used an extensive dataset (21 years) to conduct a spatial and temporal analysis of grey seal strandings in Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly, close to the southern edge of the breeding range of the species. A total of 2007 strandings were reported from 2000 to 2020, increasing by 474% from 35 to 201 individuals per year during this period. The continued rise in strandings was consistent across all life stages and timeframes (5, 10 and 20 years), underpinning the suggestion of increasing abundance in the region. The observed seasonality differed by life stage, coinciding with the increased presence of animals near the coast for key life phases such as breeding, moulting and pupping. Strandings are widely distributed across the coast of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly; however, most strandings were recorded on the north coast of Cornwall (70%) where major pupping and haul out sites are found. Despite hosting several pupping and haul out sites, a small proportion was recorded on the Isles of Scilly (5%) where it is thought that strandings are particularly underreported. Describing baselines in magnitude of strandings and life-stage compositions across space and time allows future deviations in frequency, demographic composition or spatial distribution to be detected and investigated. We demonstrate the utility of long-term citizen science data to provide valuable and cost-effective information on the distribution and abundance of a highly mobile marine mammal.
{"title":"Insights obtained from a multidecadal citizen science scheme: grey seal (Halichoerus grypus) strandings in Cornwall and Isles of Scilly (2000–2020)","authors":"Helen S. Chadwick, James F. Barnett, Abigail Crosby, Anthea Hawtrey-Collier, Victoria J. Hobson, L. C. Omeyer, Ruth Williams, B. Godley","doi":"10.1017/S0025315423000589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315423000589","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Changes in abundance and distribution of marine top predators can indicate environmental change or anthropogenic pressure requiring management response. Here, we used an extensive dataset (21 years) to conduct a spatial and temporal analysis of grey seal strandings in Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly, close to the southern edge of the breeding range of the species. A total of 2007 strandings were reported from 2000 to 2020, increasing by 474% from 35 to 201 individuals per year during this period. The continued rise in strandings was consistent across all life stages and timeframes (5, 10 and 20 years), underpinning the suggestion of increasing abundance in the region. The observed seasonality differed by life stage, coinciding with the increased presence of animals near the coast for key life phases such as breeding, moulting and pupping. Strandings are widely distributed across the coast of Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly; however, most strandings were recorded on the north coast of Cornwall (70%) where major pupping and haul out sites are found. Despite hosting several pupping and haul out sites, a small proportion was recorded on the Isles of Scilly (5%) where it is thought that strandings are particularly underreported. Describing baselines in magnitude of strandings and life-stage compositions across space and time allows future deviations in frequency, demographic composition or spatial distribution to be detected and investigated. We demonstrate the utility of long-term citizen science data to provide valuable and cost-effective information on the distribution and abundance of a highly mobile marine mammal.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43201718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.1017/S002531542300053X
Hari Praved, K. B. Neethu, P. H. Praved, K. V. Neethu, Annette F. Govindarajan, S. Nandan, B. Aneesh, P. Jayachandran
Abstract The epibenthic euryhaline hydromedusa Vallentinia gabriellae Vannucci Mendes, 1948 is an olindiid species native to tropical Atlantic waters. Here, we describe the cryptic introduction of this species in an estuary along the coast of Kerala, in southwestern India. This study records the existence of V. gabriellae outside of Atlantic waters for the first time and documents its geographical range expansion. Our identification was based on a combined morphological and DNA barcoding assessment using the COI and 28S markers. Although we noted some morphological differences between our specimens and those from their native range, our findings were conclusive. We suggest that phenotypic plasticity may result from differences such as prey availability between the native and introduced habitats. V. gabriellae medusae are epibenthic and cling to a variety of hard and soft substrates, including bivalves. Our specimens were associated with the invasive fouling mussel Mytella strigata, and we suggest that V. gabriellae could have been transported along with these mussels to the Kerala coast.
{"title":"Introduction of the euryhaline epibenthic hydromedusa Vallentinia gabriellae Vannucci Mendes, 1948 (Hydrozoa: Limnomedusae) to Indian waters","authors":"Hari Praved, K. B. Neethu, P. H. Praved, K. V. Neethu, Annette F. Govindarajan, S. Nandan, B. Aneesh, P. Jayachandran","doi":"10.1017/S002531542300053X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S002531542300053X","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The epibenthic euryhaline hydromedusa Vallentinia gabriellae Vannucci Mendes, 1948 is an olindiid species native to tropical Atlantic waters. Here, we describe the cryptic introduction of this species in an estuary along the coast of Kerala, in southwestern India. This study records the existence of V. gabriellae outside of Atlantic waters for the first time and documents its geographical range expansion. Our identification was based on a combined morphological and DNA barcoding assessment using the COI and 28S markers. Although we noted some morphological differences between our specimens and those from their native range, our findings were conclusive. We suggest that phenotypic plasticity may result from differences such as prey availability between the native and introduced habitats. V. gabriellae medusae are epibenthic and cling to a variety of hard and soft substrates, including bivalves. Our specimens were associated with the invasive fouling mussel Mytella strigata, and we suggest that V. gabriellae could have been transported along with these mussels to the Kerala coast.","PeriodicalId":17477,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47194384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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