Godwin O. Uzedhe, Benjamin O. Akinloye, Isaac C. Febaide
Feeding of farm animals is an essential factor for animal growth and productivity. The traditional manual feeding systems of farm animals have been posed with lots of challenges ranging from the high cost of manpower to poor feed management. Existing automatic feeding systems are expensive and are usually fixed systems. This paper presents an autonomous robotic system that collects and delivers feed to farm animals. The system design consists of an automatic feed dispensing system and an unmanned ground robotic vehicle. The vehicle collects feeds from the feed dispensing unit for delivery at the animal pen house in a soft real-time order. An enclosed environment, as is found in many farm animal production settings, is used to enable auto-navigation of the robot system within the farm. Auto-navigation, feed collection and delivery functions are implemented using ultrasonic sensor and infrared (IR) proximity sensors in a microcontroller (Atmega328p) based hardware and firmware control algorithm. Control parameter variation was achieved through Bluetooth (HC-05) interface communication with a mobile device. Experimental test and data collection from the system indicates the system can autonomously supply 26.6kg worth of feed within 1hr at a speed of 1.233km/h and apply to feeding various kinds of farm animals.
{"title":"Development of an Animal Farm Robotic Feeding System","authors":"Godwin O. Uzedhe, Benjamin O. Akinloye, Isaac C. Febaide","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Feeding of farm animals is an essential factor for animal growth and productivity. The traditional manual feeding systems of farm animals have been posed with lots of challenges ranging from the high cost of manpower to poor feed management. Existing automatic feeding systems are expensive and are usually fixed systems. This paper presents an autonomous robotic system that collects and delivers feed to farm animals. The system design consists of an automatic feed dispensing system and an unmanned ground robotic vehicle. The vehicle collects feeds from the feed dispensing unit for delivery at the animal pen house in a soft real-time order. An enclosed environment, as is found in many farm animal production settings, is used to enable auto-navigation of the robot system within the farm. Auto-navigation, feed collection and delivery functions are implemented using ultrasonic sensor and infrared (IR) proximity sensors in a microcontroller (Atmega328p) based hardware and firmware control algorithm. Control parameter variation was achieved through Bluetooth (HC-05) interface communication with a mobile device. Experimental test and data collection from the system indicates the system can autonomously supply 26.6kg worth of feed within 1hr at a speed of 1.233km/h and apply to feeding various kinds of farm animals.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135507660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study evaluated the effect of industrial waste on soil pollution in Asaba, Delta State. The procedure adopted the ex post facto research model comprising a comprehensive range of simultaneous measures of industrial waste collection and soil quality in the selected industrial areas in Asaba. Industries in Asaba were selected based on the nature and type of industrial waste generated at random. Six existing industrial locations in Asaba were selected. The collected soil samples were used to investigate the soil pH, Zinc, Lead, Chromium, Silver and Copper concentration levels of the soils. Multiple regression was used to ascertain the effect of industrial waste on the soil in Asaba. 188071 Kg of industrial waste containing flammable, corrosive and toxic substances were generated at industrial landfills in Asaba. The industrial waste generated exceeds WHO standards. This is an implication that the industrial waste generated in Asaba is hazardous. The study revealed that most soils in industrial dumpsites are acidic and this is a reflection of the industrial waste's corrosive ability. Soils in the industrial dump sites are very high in Zinc, lead and chromium contents. Asaba Expressway 2 industrial dump sites have the highest amount of zinc and lead content, while Summit Junction industrial dump site has the highest content of silver. At a P<0.05 significance level, the calculated F value is 3.11 while the critical table value is 41.95. Thus, the toxicity in the soils in Asaba is significantly dependent on the chemical (Zinc, lead and Chromium) properties of industrial waste generation. Furthermore, as Zinc, lead and Chromium properties in industrial waste increase, the toxicity of the soil increases as well. Thus polluting the soils in Asaba industrial areas. The results obtained from this study portrayed that the Zero waste approach would be the recommended choice for sustainable waste management.
{"title":"Assessment of Industrial Waste on Soil Pollution in Asaba, Delta State, Nigeria","authors":"Oghenekome Collins Ojoh, Chineme Christabel Ifuwe, Oghenetega Efetobo, Tega Emmanuel Eyetan","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.38","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated the effect of industrial waste on soil pollution in Asaba, Delta State. The procedure adopted the ex post facto research model comprising a comprehensive range of simultaneous measures of industrial waste collection and soil quality in the selected industrial areas in Asaba. Industries in Asaba were selected based on the nature and type of industrial waste generated at random. Six existing industrial locations in Asaba were selected. The collected soil samples were used to investigate the soil pH, Zinc, Lead, Chromium, Silver and Copper concentration levels of the soils. Multiple regression was used to ascertain the effect of industrial waste on the soil in Asaba. 188071 Kg of industrial waste containing flammable, corrosive and toxic substances were generated at industrial landfills in Asaba. The industrial waste generated exceeds WHO standards. This is an implication that the industrial waste generated in Asaba is hazardous. The study revealed that most soils in industrial dumpsites are acidic and this is a reflection of the industrial waste's corrosive ability. Soils in the industrial dump sites are very high in Zinc, lead and chromium contents. Asaba Expressway 2 industrial dump sites have the highest amount of zinc and lead content, while Summit Junction industrial dump site has the highest content of silver. At a P<0.05 significance level, the calculated F value is 3.11 while the critical table value is 41.95. Thus, the toxicity in the soils in Asaba is significantly dependent on the chemical (Zinc, lead and Chromium) properties of industrial waste generation. Furthermore, as Zinc, lead and Chromium properties in industrial waste increase, the toxicity of the soil increases as well. Thus polluting the soils in Asaba industrial areas. The results obtained from this study portrayed that the Zero waste approach would be the recommended choice for sustainable waste management.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135507844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. A. Ushie, E. O. Ochepo, P. Y. Nkom, M. A. Ago, J. Gani
In the history of humanity plants have always existed as a source of health benefits to living things. These plants produce non-nutritive chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties. These plants produce a necessary wide range of primary and secondary metabolites that have antimicrobial and antifungal properties. The primary metabolites prominently function in the growth, development, and reproduction of cells. The primary metabolites perform their functions as molecules signaling to trigger defense response. The secondary metabolites are produced by plants and used as their defense mechanism and harnessed by humans for medicinal use because of their unique pharmacological properties. The secondary metabolites are generally small organic molecules produced by plants that are not essential for their growth, development and reproduction but are used as defense mechanism by these plants. Although these secondary metabolites are not essential for plant growth, they are very essential for the health, nutrition, and economics of human societies, the main secondary metabolites are nitrogen group compounds found are in alkaloids, glycosides and non-protein. Alkaloids play a very important role due to their medicinal properties and can be used as analgesic, stimulants, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory agents etc.
{"title":"Medicinal Uses of Nitrogen Group Containing Secondary Metabolites: A Review","authors":"O. A. Ushie, E. O. Ochepo, P. Y. Nkom, M. A. Ago, J. Gani","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.72","url":null,"abstract":"In the history of humanity plants have always existed as a source of health benefits to living things. These plants produce non-nutritive chemicals that have protective or disease preventive properties. These plants produce a necessary wide range of primary and secondary metabolites that have antimicrobial and antifungal properties. The primary metabolites prominently function in the growth, development, and reproduction of cells. The primary metabolites perform their functions as molecules signaling to trigger defense response. The secondary metabolites are produced by plants and used as their defense mechanism and harnessed by humans for medicinal use because of their unique pharmacological properties. The secondary metabolites are generally small organic molecules produced by plants that are not essential for their growth, development and reproduction but are used as defense mechanism by these plants. Although these secondary metabolites are not essential for plant growth, they are very essential for the health, nutrition, and economics of human societies, the main secondary metabolites are nitrogen group compounds found are in alkaloids, glycosides and non-protein. Alkaloids play a very important role due to their medicinal properties and can be used as analgesic, stimulants, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory agents etc.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135508060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of study was to determine the effects of fresh onion bulbs extracts on pathogenic bacteria in an attempt to seek active components presentin the onion bulbs. Standard procedures were used for plant extraction and antibacterial susceptibility tests. The extracts were active against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus Spp and Enterococcus Spp. while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis were resistant to plant extracts and standard antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration were 25mg/ml and 50mg/ml respectively for ethanol and methanol extracts for E. coli and Streptococcus Spp. The phytochemical results indicated the presence of saponins phenols, tannins, steroid, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and flavonoid. Anthraqinone and terpenoid were absent. Conclusively, water extracts of fresh onion bulbs was not potent against clinical isolates however ethanol and methanol extracts were active. Fresh onions bulb extracts contained low concentrations of phytochemical compounds.
{"title":"Antibacterial effects of fresh onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs against clinical bacteria","authors":"Patience O. Adomi, Mamuyovwi J. Nana","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.92","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.92","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of study was to determine the effects of fresh onion bulbs extracts on pathogenic bacteria in an attempt to seek active components presentin the onion bulbs. Standard procedures were used for plant extraction and antibacterial susceptibility tests. The extracts were active against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus Spp and Enterococcus Spp. while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis were resistant to plant extracts and standard antibiotics. Minimum inhibitory concentration were 25mg/ml and 50mg/ml respectively for ethanol and methanol extracts for E. coli and Streptococcus Spp. The phytochemical results indicated the presence of saponins phenols, tannins, steroid, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides and flavonoid. Anthraqinone and terpenoid were absent. Conclusively, water extracts of fresh onion bulbs was not potent against clinical isolates however ethanol and methanol extracts were active. Fresh onions bulb extracts contained low concentrations of phytochemical compounds.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135501821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abraham. O. Opatola, Abiola Akosile, William T. Ifarajimi
Diagenetic studies unravel the different diagenetic processes a rock has been subjected to and this plays an important role in the formation of sedimentary rocks, therefore the detailed study of the sedimentology and diagenetic evolution of the Fugar Sandstone depicts the diagenetic history and the paragenetic sequence of the cements present. The Fugar sandstone is an extension of the Upper Cretaceous Ajali Sandstone unit of the Anambra Basin in South western Nigeria and this study was aimed at understanding the sedimentological and petrographical characteristics of the sandstone with a view to model the sandstone diagenesis. The field study and granulometric analysis results reveals that the sandstones are unconsolidated, friable, fine to medium-coarse grained, poorly sorted, planar and herringbone cross-bedded and exhibits a repeated succession of fining upward cycles with the inferred depositional environment of fluvial to marginal-marine. The samples were analyzed using a range of techniques: X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and Optical microscope which shows that the sandstone is quartz arenite with an average of 95% quartz consisting of subangular to subrounded grains and this implies that the sandstone is mineralogically matured but texturally immature. Detailed diagenetic study using thin section petrography reveals that the rocks have undergone different diagenetic processes; compaction, cementation, dissolution, alteration and replacement, and the paragenetic order of the cementing minerals were from authigenic quartz which occurs as quartz overgrowth, clay and then Iron oxides which serves as the predominant mineral cements in the rocks.
{"title":"Sedimentology and Diagenetic Evolution of Maastrichtian Fugar Sandstone, Western Flanks of Anambra Basin, Nigeria","authors":"Abraham. O. Opatola, Abiola Akosile, William T. Ifarajimi","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Diagenetic studies unravel the different diagenetic processes a rock has been subjected to and this plays an important role in the formation of sedimentary rocks, therefore the detailed study of the sedimentology and diagenetic evolution of the Fugar Sandstone depicts the diagenetic history and the paragenetic sequence of the cements present. The Fugar sandstone is an extension of the Upper Cretaceous Ajali Sandstone unit of the Anambra Basin in South western Nigeria and this study was aimed at understanding the sedimentological and petrographical characteristics of the sandstone with a view to model the sandstone diagenesis. The field study and granulometric analysis results reveals that the sandstones are unconsolidated, friable, fine to medium-coarse grained, poorly sorted, planar and herringbone cross-bedded and exhibits a repeated succession of fining upward cycles with the inferred depositional environment of fluvial to marginal-marine. The samples were analyzed using a range of techniques: X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and Optical microscope which shows that the sandstone is quartz arenite with an average of 95% quartz consisting of subangular to subrounded grains and this implies that the sandstone is mineralogically matured but texturally immature. Detailed diagenetic study using thin section petrography reveals that the rocks have undergone different diagenetic processes; compaction, cementation, dissolution, alteration and replacement, and the paragenetic order of the cementing minerals were from authigenic quartz which occurs as quartz overgrowth, clay and then Iron oxides which serves as the predominant mineral cements in the rocks.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135508072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. I. Jumare, Z. R. Maigandi, S. G. Ibrahim, Y. M. Zayyan, M. I. Musa
Jatropha curcas leaves have various uses and promise various benefits to humans, animals, and industry. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical and proximate composition of Jatropha curcus lam dried leaves. The phytochemical analysis was done to determine the presence and absence of the secondary metabolites. While the proximate analysis was done using the standard method of AOAC. The phytochemical results revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Saponins, Phenolics, and absences of steroids. Proximate composition showed a high percentage of carbohydrates content of 64.84±0.01 and a lower moisture content of 3.25±0.01. It could be concluded Jatropha curcus leaves can be a source of energy, antinutritional, and treating antimicrobial infectious.
{"title":"Phytochemical and Proximate Analysis of Jatropha curcas Lam Leaves","authors":"F. I. Jumare, Z. R. Maigandi, S. G. Ibrahim, Y. M. Zayyan, M. I. Musa","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.47","url":null,"abstract":"Jatropha curcas leaves have various uses and promise various benefits to humans, animals, and industry. This study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical and proximate composition of Jatropha curcus lam dried leaves. The phytochemical analysis was done to determine the presence and absence of the secondary metabolites. While the proximate analysis was done using the standard method of AOAC. The phytochemical results revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Flavonoids, Saponins, Phenolics, and absences of steroids. Proximate composition showed a high percentage of carbohydrates content of 64.84±0.01 and a lower moisture content of 3.25±0.01. It could be concluded Jatropha curcus leaves can be a source of energy, antinutritional, and treating antimicrobial infectious.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135507330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of institutional factors on and institutional repositories’ usage by lecturers in federal universities in Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive design. A total of five hundred and forty copies of questionnaire were administered on respondents from the selected federal universities in Nigeria. The population of this study comprised all lecturers in the federal universities selected for this study totaling 7,591. The multi stage sampling procedure and purposive sampling technique was adopted for the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. The instrument tagged “Institutional Factors and Use of Institutional Repositories’ Questionnaire (IFUIRQ)” consists of three sections. The test-retest method was employed using the Cronbach’s reliability technique to determine the reliability of the instrument. Findings from the research revealed organizational culture, environmental and motivational factors as the dominant and prevalent institutional factors that support research in federal universities in Nigeria while inaugural lectures, seminar papers, photographs, notebooks, illustrations and drawings and newspapers were the most prevalent types of information materials available in the knowledge and institutional repositories of Federal universities in Nigeria. The study further revealed that the major purposes of using institutional knowledge repositories by the lecturers include; for preparation of seminar/lecture notes, writing papers/proposals, seminars presentations, research works and lecture series. This research established occasional institutional repositories’ usage by the lecturers and a significant positive relationship between institutional factors and institutional repositories’ usage such that an improvement in institutional factors would lead to increase in institutional repositories’ usage. It is recommended that the formulation and implementation of adequate university-wide policy that would encourage and supports institutional repositories’ usage by the university management.
{"title":"Institutional Factors for Institutional Repositories Usage by Lecturers in Federal Universities in Nigeria","authors":"G. N Lazarus, I. Jinadu","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.53","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study is to investigate the influence of institutional factors on and institutional repositories’ usage by lecturers in federal universities in Nigeria. The study adopted the descriptive design. A total of five hundred and forty copies of questionnaire were administered on respondents from the selected federal universities in Nigeria. The population of this study comprised all lecturers in the federal universities selected for this study totaling 7,591. The multi stage sampling procedure and purposive sampling technique was adopted for the study. The instrument used for data collection was a structured questionnaire. The instrument tagged “Institutional Factors and Use of Institutional Repositories’ Questionnaire (IFUIRQ)” consists of three sections. The test-retest method was employed using the Cronbach’s reliability technique to determine the reliability of the instrument. Findings from the research revealed organizational culture, environmental and motivational factors as the dominant and prevalent institutional factors that support research in federal universities in Nigeria while inaugural lectures, seminar papers, photographs, notebooks, illustrations and drawings and newspapers were the most prevalent types of information materials available in the knowledge and institutional repositories of Federal universities in Nigeria. The study further revealed that the major purposes of using institutional knowledge repositories by the lecturers include; for preparation of seminar/lecture notes, writing papers/proposals, seminars presentations, research works and lecture series. This research established occasional institutional repositories’ usage by the lecturers and a significant positive relationship between institutional factors and institutional repositories’ usage such that an improvement in institutional factors would lead to increase in institutional repositories’ usage. It is recommended that the formulation and implementation of adequate university-wide policy that would encourage and supports institutional repositories’ usage by the university management.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135508335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tidal influence shoreface are shoreface deposit generated by wave induced tidal action. The extent of the tidal impact from lower to upper shorefaces depend mostly on the tidal range thereby controlling the impact of different shoreline wave action on sediment distribution across shorefaces. The Tidally influenced shoreface sediment display wave generated structure, however the structure are strongly associated with tidal generated structures and trace fossil consistent with tidal depositional setting. Shoreface successions in Titun well display a wide range of variability, largely restricted to the lower and middle shoreface intervals. This variation was controlled by relative wave dominance and intermittent pulsating nature of associated tidal bed deposition. The successions were subdivided into three end members, although a complete gradation between them exists. High energy shoreface consist almost entirely of erosively based amalgamated tide and wave beds with minimal bioturbation. Intermediate energy shoreface consist of stacked laminated to burrowed intervals, recording repeated erosive storm bed emplacement, followed by opportunistic colonization, and commonly overprinted by resident fairweather burrowing. Weakly storm-affected low energy shorefaces typically show intense bioturbation with minimal preservation of high energy beds. Based on the association of the facies, facies vertical build-up patterns, sedimentary structures and trace fossil content, the T1 sands in Titun well are interpreted as a prograding tidally influence shoreface deposit. This interpretation is supported by presence of tide generated structures and marine trace fossil, due to the prevalence of several tidal imprint as suggested by several mud drapes and flasers, couplets of sands and shale’s in heterolithic sequences, and bidirectional current structures (herringbone cross stratification), a tidally influence shoreface geological model is suggested for deposit.
{"title":"Tidal Modulated Shoreface Facies in Eocene Agbada Formation, Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria","authors":"Abraham. O. Opatola, Saheed A. Alli","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.24","url":null,"abstract":"Tidal influence shoreface are shoreface deposit generated by wave induced tidal action. The extent of the tidal impact from lower to upper shorefaces depend mostly on the tidal range thereby controlling the impact of different shoreline wave action on sediment distribution across shorefaces. The Tidally influenced shoreface sediment display wave generated structure, however the structure are strongly associated with tidal generated structures and trace fossil consistent with tidal depositional setting. Shoreface successions in Titun well display a wide range of variability, largely restricted to the lower and middle shoreface intervals. This variation was controlled by relative wave dominance and intermittent pulsating nature of associated tidal bed deposition. The successions were subdivided into three end members, although a complete gradation between them exists. High energy shoreface consist almost entirely of erosively based amalgamated tide and wave beds with minimal bioturbation. Intermediate energy shoreface consist of stacked laminated to burrowed intervals, recording repeated erosive storm bed emplacement, followed by opportunistic colonization, and commonly overprinted by resident fairweather burrowing. Weakly storm-affected low energy shorefaces typically show intense bioturbation with minimal preservation of high energy beds. Based on the association of the facies, facies vertical build-up patterns, sedimentary structures and trace fossil content, the T1 sands in Titun well are interpreted as a prograding tidally influence shoreface deposit. This interpretation is supported by presence of tide generated structures and marine trace fossil, due to the prevalence of several tidal imprint as suggested by several mud drapes and flasers, couplets of sands and shale’s in heterolithic sequences, and bidirectional current structures (herringbone cross stratification), a tidally influence shoreface geological model is suggested for deposit.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135507851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. A. Ushie, B. D. Longbap, P. Y. Nkom, M. A. Ago, J. Gani, S. T. Jijingi
The aim of this study is to efficiently determine the physico-chemical content and nutritional value present in the extract of Citrullus colocynthis using the best readily available method. Seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extractor and n-hexane as solvent after which it was subjected to physicochemical characterization. The proximate analysis showed that the Citrullus colocynthis seed contained 4.93% moisture, 12. 06% crude protein, 4.35% ash and 45.83% crude fibre, 8.16% lipid and 24.67% carbohydrate. The oil was liquid at room temperature with physico-chemical characteristics like iodine value of 11.33, acid value of 3.86(mg KOH/g of oil), saponification value of 171.09 and specific gravity of 0.92.The result shows that the seed of Citrullus colocynthis is a potential source of valuable oil with nutritional values.
{"title":"Proximate and Physicochemical Analyses of Citrullus Colocynthis (Bitter Apple) Seed","authors":"O. A. Ushie, B. D. Longbap, P. Y. Nkom, M. A. Ago, J. Gani, S. T. Jijingi","doi":"10.47524/tjst.v4i1.84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47524/tjst.v4i1.84","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to efficiently determine the physico-chemical content and nutritional value present in the extract of Citrullus colocynthis using the best readily available method. Seed oil was extracted using soxhlet extractor and n-hexane as solvent after which it was subjected to physicochemical characterization. The proximate analysis showed that the Citrullus colocynthis seed contained 4.93% moisture, 12. 06% crude protein, 4.35% ash and 45.83% crude fibre, 8.16% lipid and 24.67% carbohydrate. The oil was liquid at room temperature with physico-chemical characteristics like iodine value of 11.33, acid value of 3.86(mg KOH/g of oil), saponification value of 171.09 and specific gravity of 0.92.The result shows that the seed of Citrullus colocynthis is a potential source of valuable oil with nutritional values.","PeriodicalId":17491,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tropical Animal Science and Technology","volume":"154 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135508344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.32938/jtast.v4i2.2786
Faishal Rizqy Setyawan, Yosephine Laura Raynardia Esti Nugrahini, D. Suhendra, S. Iqbal
This study aims to determine the effect of additional feeding Azolla microphylla on the digestive tract of Magelang ducks. This research was conducted for 7 weeks in the experimental cage of Tidar University. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design with 4 treatments P0 (0% Azolla microphylla), P1 (10% Azolla microphylla), P2 (15% Azolla microphylla) P3 (20% Azolla microphylla) with 5 replications. The livestock used were 40 male Magelang ducks. The parameters observed were the length and weight of the digestive tract of Magelang Ducks. Data were analyzed using a completely randomized design (CRD) then continued with Duncan's test. Analysis of variance showed that supplementary feeding Azolla microphylla had no significant effect (on the percentage of crop length, jejunum, caecum, large intestine, cloaca, liver and esophageal weight, crop, proventiculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, caecum, cloaca, and liver, but had a significant effect on the percentage of length of the esophagus, proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, ileum, and percentage of weight of the ileum, and colon.
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