5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used in ophthalmology for suppressing fibroblast activity after glaucoma surgery. Adverse effects on corneal epithelial cells have been reported to relate to 5-FU therapy. The effects of 5-FU were evaluated in vitro on SV40-immortalized human corneal epithelial cell (HCE) cultures with two cytotoxicity tests: WST-1 assay as an index of cell proliferation, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay as an index of plasma membrane integrity. The cells were exposed to 5-FU with various concentrations in serum-free medium and in medium containing 15 % (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours. One-hour exposure had no effects on HCE cells. Longer exposures caused dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Exposure to 5 mg/ml 5-FU lowered cell number to 50 % of controls after 24-hour treatment and resulted to complete cell death after 72 hours. Serum protected the cells for 24 hours, but after longer exposure times the protective nature of serum disappeared. 5-FU had only minor effects on LDH release. The LDH leakage was at its peak after 48-hour treatment.
{"title":"EVALUATION OF ADVERSE OCULAR EFFECTS OF 5-FLUOROURACIL BY USING HUMAN CORNEAL EPITHELIAL CELL CULTURES","authors":"A. Huhtala, H. Tähti, L. Salminen, H. Uusitalo","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120015900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120015900","url":null,"abstract":"5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used in ophthalmology for suppressing fibroblast activity after glaucoma surgery. Adverse effects on corneal epithelial cells have been reported to relate to 5-FU therapy. The effects of 5-FU were evaluated in vitro on SV40-immortalized human corneal epithelial cell (HCE) cultures with two cytotoxicity tests: WST-1 assay as an index of cell proliferation, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay as an index of plasma membrane integrity. The cells were exposed to 5-FU with various concentrations in serum-free medium and in medium containing 15 % (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS) for 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours. One-hour exposure had no effects on HCE cells. Longer exposures caused dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation. Exposure to 5 mg/ml 5-FU lowered cell number to 50 % of controls after 24-hour treatment and resulted to complete cell death after 72 hours. Serum protected the cells for 24 hours, but after longer exposure times the protective nature of serum disappeared. 5-FU had only minor effects on LDH release. The LDH leakage was at its peak after 48-hour treatment.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"36 1","pages":"283 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75340119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The eye is a common site for the development of allergic inflammatory disorders. Ophthalmologists and allergists frequently encounter allergic diseases of the eye in their general practice. Although the eye may be the only organ system involved in an allergic reaction, typically there also exists a systemic allergic component. Even so, ocular signs and symptoms often are the most prominent features of the entire allergic response. [1,2] The differential diagnoses of conditions presenting with a red eye include allergic disorders and a variety of other ocular abnormalities, some of which can produce profound visual loss if not treated appropriately. The signs and symptoms associated with these conditions often overlap, and it can be difficult to differentiate one ocular disease from another. Therefore, an understanding of ophthalmologic examination techniques and diagnostic procedures can help a health care provider make an accurate diagnosis of ocular allergy. This chapter provides a review of the various forms of allergic inflammation and focuses on the clinical characteristics that help to differentiate allergic disorders, both from each other and from other ocular conditions. The technique for the use of a direct ophthalmoscope in ocular examination is also outlined. Finally, various procedures and tests used to formulate the diagnosis and treatment of ocular allergy are discussed.
{"title":"OCULAR ALLERGIC DISEASES: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, EXAMINATION TECHNIQUES, AND TESTING","authors":"L. Bielory, M. Dinowitz, R. Rescigno","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120016394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120016394","url":null,"abstract":"The eye is a common site for the development of allergic inflammatory disorders. Ophthalmologists and allergists frequently encounter allergic diseases of the eye in their general practice. Although the eye may be the only organ system involved in an allergic reaction, typically there also exists a systemic allergic component. Even so, ocular signs and symptoms often are the most prominent features of the entire allergic response. [1,2] The differential diagnoses of conditions presenting with a red eye include allergic disorders and a variety of other ocular abnormalities, some of which can produce profound visual loss if not treated appropriately. The signs and symptoms associated with these conditions often overlap, and it can be difficult to differentiate one ocular disease from another. Therefore, an understanding of ophthalmologic examination techniques and diagnostic procedures can help a health care provider make an accurate diagnosis of ocular allergy. This chapter provides a review of the various forms of allergic inflammation and focuses on the clinical characteristics that help to differentiate allergic disorders, both from each other and from other ocular conditions. The technique for the use of a direct ophthalmoscope in ocular examination is also outlined. Finally, various procedures and tests used to formulate the diagnosis and treatment of ocular allergy are discussed.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"8 1","pages":"329 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78421044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 21-year-old man was evaluated for bilateral vision loss following intravenous methanol administration. The sudden bilateral visual loss was associated with retinal splinter hemorrhage and cotton wool spots following self-intravenous administration of 250 mL denatured alcohol (95% alcohol+100 ppm methanol). Glaucomatous-like cupping of the optic discs developed with partial recovery of visual function, especially in the left eye. Methanol is a highly toxic substance to the optic nerves. A single low dose of methanol (25 mg for this patient) was sufficient to produce optic nerve damage.
{"title":"BILATERAL METHANOL OPTIC NEUROPATHY AFTER INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION","authors":"F. Yieh, P. Chou","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120013037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120013037","url":null,"abstract":"A 21-year-old man was evaluated for bilateral vision loss following intravenous methanol administration. The sudden bilateral visual loss was associated with retinal splinter hemorrhage and cotton wool spots following self-intravenous administration of 250 mL denatured alcohol (95% alcohol+100 ppm methanol). Glaucomatous-like cupping of the optic discs developed with partial recovery of visual function, especially in the left eye. Methanol is a highly toxic substance to the optic nerves. A single low dose of methanol (25 mg for this patient) was sufficient to produce optic nerve damage.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"53 1","pages":"169 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82837727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aging and photoaging of the skin are now well-accepted concepts, but formerly it was equivalent to heresy to propose that these were anything but natural events. Aging skin was to be accepted as an inevitable, irreversible, and trivial consequence of getting old. It became obvious early on that skin damage was an inevitable sequela of the medical use of x-rays; only in the past two to three decades has the extremely damaging nature of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) become increasingly clear to both scientists and the general population, and attempts to circumvent and reverse such damage have become extremely popular. These observations have coincided with several pertinent phenomena: (1) the incredible growth of scientific knowledge in recent years; (2) people in western populations living longer and spending increased leisure time exposed to sun in outdoor activities; and (3) the rampant cosmetic claims for products that will “turn back the clock” to youth overnight. In the midst of this chaos, there exist two opposing hemispheres. One is the northern hemisphere, where life is rigid, cold scientific proof is difficult, and only the hardiest survive in the frozen Tundras of pharmaceutical bureaucracy and governmental regulation. The southern hemisphere is friendly and warm and things that make you “feel” better are considered good, rather than inherently evil because they are not “natural” and may prevent us from looking our age. War has inevitably existed between these two spheres ever since south’s cosmetics were defined as bad and the north’s pharmaceuticals were defined as good. Advocacy of the term cosmeceutical, as an attempt to compromise and
{"title":"Photoaging","authors":"W. Cunningham","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120004328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120004328","url":null,"abstract":"Aging and photoaging of the skin are now well-accepted concepts, but formerly it was equivalent to heresy to propose that these were anything but natural events. Aging skin was to be accepted as an inevitable, irreversible, and trivial consequence of getting old. It became obvious early on that skin damage was an inevitable sequela of the medical use of x-rays; only in the past two to three decades has the extremely damaging nature of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) become increasingly clear to both scientists and the general population, and attempts to circumvent and reverse such damage have become extremely popular. These observations have coincided with several pertinent phenomena: (1) the incredible growth of scientific knowledge in recent years; (2) people in western populations living longer and spending increased leisure time exposed to sun in outdoor activities; and (3) the rampant cosmetic claims for products that will “turn back the clock” to youth overnight. In the midst of this chaos, there exist two opposing hemispheres. One is the northern hemisphere, where life is rigid, cold scientific proof is difficult, and only the hardiest survive in the frozen Tundras of pharmaceutical bureaucracy and governmental regulation. The southern hemisphere is friendly and warm and things that make you “feel” better are considered good, rather than inherently evil because they are not “natural” and may prevent us from looking our age. War has inevitably existed between these two spheres ever since south’s cosmetics were defined as bad and the north’s pharmaceuticals were defined as good. Advocacy of the term cosmeceutical, as an attempt to compromise and","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"21 1","pages":"107 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87602604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Perfumes are so much a part of our culture that we take them for granted. However, if they were suddenly taken from us, society would suffer immeasurably. We do pay a price for their service, and part of that concerns dermatological and other medical reactions. Adverse reactions to fragrances in perfumes and in fragranced cosmetic products include allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, photosensitivity, immediate contact reactions (contact urticaria), pigmented contact dermatitis and (worsening of) respiratory problems. In this chapter, the issue of allergic contact reactions is discussed. (For a full review of side effects of fragrances [and essential oils] see Ref. [3].) A recent book on beneficial and adverse reactions to fragrances also provides valuable information. The history of fragrances has been well described.
{"title":"DERMATOLOGICAL PROBLEMS LINKED TO PERFUMES","authors":"A. D. de Groot","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120014097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120014097","url":null,"abstract":"Perfumes are so much a part of our culture that we take them for granted. However, if they were suddenly taken from us, society would suffer immeasurably. We do pay a price for their service, and part of that concerns dermatological and other medical reactions. Adverse reactions to fragrances in perfumes and in fragranced cosmetic products include allergic contact dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis, photosensitivity, immediate contact reactions (contact urticaria), pigmented contact dermatitis and (worsening of) respiratory problems. In this chapter, the issue of allergic contact reactions is discussed. (For a full review of side effects of fragrances [and essential oils] see Ref. [3].) A recent book on beneficial and adverse reactions to fragrances also provides valuable information. The history of fragrances has been well described.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"8 1","pages":"265 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83700972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sound knowledge of the underlying mathematical principles of membrane transport is essential if we are to expand our understanding of how membrane barriers fulfill their function and how we can alter their properties to our advantage. The subject of the mathematics of diffusion are enough to fill entire books, but in this chapter we have attempted to pick out those mathematical solutions and descriptions that are both commonly used and most appropriate in the field of percutaneous absorption. It is the purpose of this work to attempt to present these equations in a manner that will enable readers to apply them to real numbers generated in their laboratories. At its simplest and most ideal a membrane can be described as a homogeneous slab of an inert material, with a finite and uniform thickness. This is a convenient theoretical picture and, although it is somewhat removed from the reality of such complex biological membranes as the stratum corneum, it is a logical model with which to begin when attempting to construct any sort of mathematical treatise of the process of membrane permeation.
{"title":"BASIC MATHEMATICAL PRINCIPLES IN SKIN PERMEATION","authors":"A. Watkinson, K. Brain","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120016396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120016396","url":null,"abstract":"Sound knowledge of the underlying mathematical principles of membrane transport is essential if we are to expand our understanding of how membrane barriers fulfill their function and how we can alter their properties to our advantage. The subject of the mathematics of diffusion are enough to fill entire books, but in this chapter we have attempted to pick out those mathematical solutions and descriptions that are both commonly used and most appropriate in the field of percutaneous absorption. It is the purpose of this work to attempt to present these equations in a manner that will enable readers to apply them to real numbers generated in their laboratories. At its simplest and most ideal a membrane can be described as a homogeneous slab of an inert material, with a finite and uniform thickness. This is a convenient theoretical picture and, although it is somewhat removed from the reality of such complex biological membranes as the stratum corneum, it is a logical model with which to begin when attempting to construct any sort of mathematical treatise of the process of membrane permeation.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"26 4 1","pages":"371 - 402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76988478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Giacomoni, N. Muizzuddin, R. Sparacio, E. Pelle, T. Mammone, Kenneth D. Marenus, D. Maes
Skin moisturization is a state of the surface of the skin, which is more often recognized by the individuals when moisturization is lacking, and when one has skin conditions that can be called dry, very dry, rough, or even ichthyotic. The moisturization of the upper part of the skin is likely to be dictated by the presence of lipids, water, urea, and other compounds. It can also be considered to be the consequence of how well the outer envelope of the skin opposes the evaporation. Several authors have undertaken to measure the water content of the outer surface of the skin. Other authors have emphasized the importance of the so-called transepidermal water loss (TEWL), expressed as grams of water per square meter per hour. The capability of the skin to oppose water evaporation can be equated to its capability to provide an overall barrier. The measure of TEWL provides information on the changes in moisturization induced by a treatment, which does not affect the barrier, and on changes of the barrier properties induced by a treatment, which does not affect moisturization. Skin sensitivity is a self-assessed diagnosis of a physiological state that lacks rigorous clinical definition, complete etiological analysis, and accurate diagnostic tools. This undesirable state of the skin is characterized by a disagreeable feeling on the surface of the skin or by the observation of hyper-reactivity of the skin when it is exposed to mild environmental conditions such as water, wool fabrics, or
{"title":"SENSITIVE SKIN AND MOISTURIZATION","authors":"P. Giacomoni, N. Muizzuddin, R. Sparacio, E. Pelle, T. Mammone, Kenneth D. Marenus, D. Maes","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120014095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120014095","url":null,"abstract":"Skin moisturization is a state of the surface of the skin, which is more often recognized by the individuals when moisturization is lacking, and when one has skin conditions that can be called dry, very dry, rough, or even ichthyotic. The moisturization of the upper part of the skin is likely to be dictated by the presence of lipids, water, urea, and other compounds. It can also be considered to be the consequence of how well the outer envelope of the skin opposes the evaporation. Several authors have undertaken to measure the water content of the outer surface of the skin. Other authors have emphasized the importance of the so-called transepidermal water loss (TEWL), expressed as grams of water per square meter per hour. The capability of the skin to oppose water evaporation can be equated to its capability to provide an overall barrier. The measure of TEWL provides information on the changes in moisturization induced by a treatment, which does not affect the barrier, and on changes of the barrier properties induced by a treatment, which does not affect moisturization. Skin sensitivity is a self-assessed diagnosis of a physiological state that lacks rigorous clinical definition, complete etiological analysis, and accurate diagnostic tools. This undesirable state of the skin is characterized by a disagreeable feeling on the surface of the skin or by the observation of hyper-reactivity of the skin when it is exposed to mild environmental conditions such as water, wool fabrics, or","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"58 1","pages":"245 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81153886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Of all our senses, the most valued is sight. The eye, by virtue of its function in vision, must be in contact with the external environment. The cornea admits light, which is fine-focused by the lens into images and passes through aqueous and vitreous humors before reaching the retina. All of the component parts of the eye are susceptible to environmental stresses, depending on whether direct or indirect effects are involved, because of its external exposure. Indirect effects can arise when, for instance, one component of the eye influences another, either by (1) damaging lipid peroxides originating in the degenerating retina, causing damage to the lens posterior; – 4] or (2) immune damage to the lens via the aqueous humor from plasma antibodies to lens proteins. Direct effects can occur when toxic substances or physical trauma contact the eye surface, damaging the cornea. Penetrating wounds can damage the lens epithelium, and chemicals in the environment can diffuse across the cornea and aqueous humors to damage the lens epithelium or trabecular meshwork. Unfortunately, medications necessary for serious medical conditions, such as steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, can have damaging side effects on the lens or cause a harmful elevation in intraocular pressure. Nutritional influences can also
{"title":"ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AND THE EYE","authors":"J. Trevithick, K. Mitton","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120016395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120016395","url":null,"abstract":"Of all our senses, the most valued is sight. The eye, by virtue of its function in vision, must be in contact with the external environment. The cornea admits light, which is fine-focused by the lens into images and passes through aqueous and vitreous humors before reaching the retina. All of the component parts of the eye are susceptible to environmental stresses, depending on whether direct or indirect effects are involved, because of its external exposure. Indirect effects can arise when, for instance, one component of the eye influences another, either by (1) damaging lipid peroxides originating in the degenerating retina, causing damage to the lens posterior; – 4] or (2) immune damage to the lens via the aqueous humor from plasma antibodies to lens proteins. Direct effects can occur when toxic substances or physical trauma contact the eye surface, damaging the cornea. Penetrating wounds can damage the lens epithelium, and chemicals in the environment can diffuse across the cornea and aqueous humors to damage the lens epithelium or trabecular meshwork. Unfortunately, medications necessary for serious medical conditions, such as steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, can have damaging side effects on the lens or cause a harmful elevation in intraocular pressure. Nutritional influences can also","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"159 1","pages":"353 - 370"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80053720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently available kwowledge on 1)the presence and physiological distribution of natural antioxidants in skin 2)their response to oxidative environmental stressors 3)the photoprotective potential of topically applied antioxidants.
{"title":"Antioxidant defense systems in skin","authors":"J. Thiele, F. Dreher, L. Packer","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120004330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120004330","url":null,"abstract":"Currently available kwowledge on 1)the presence and physiological distribution of natural antioxidants in skin 2)their response to oxidative environmental stressors 3)the photoprotective potential of topically applied antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"59 1","pages":"119 - 160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87019519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: It is well established that the use of corticosteroids is associated with the development of cataracts (posterior subcapsular cataract). This type of cataract is also related with cataract found in patients with atopic dermatitis. Since many patients use topical corticoids for treatment of skin diseases, it may be possible that an association between cataract (and glaucoma) and corticosteroids' treatment exists. Objective: Relating the cutaneous corticosteroid use and the development of cataract in patients with dermatologic disease. Material and Methods: A review of literature using Medline and citations in articles to obtain this case-report series. Results: Seven patients (all men) developed cataract while using topical corticosteroids for skin diseases. Three of these seven patients also presented with glaucoma, possibly as a complication of topical corticoid on the face. Conclusion: Cataract seems to be related to topical steroids' use in periocular skin, but their real importance needs to be evaluated.
{"title":"CUTANEOUS CORTICOSTEROID THERAPY AND CATARACT IN MAN","authors":"Nara Branco, B. Branco, H. Maibach","doi":"10.1081/CUS-120013036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1081/CUS-120013036","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It is well established that the use of corticosteroids is associated with the development of cataracts (posterior subcapsular cataract). This type of cataract is also related with cataract found in patients with atopic dermatitis. Since many patients use topical corticoids for treatment of skin diseases, it may be possible that an association between cataract (and glaucoma) and corticosteroids' treatment exists. Objective: Relating the cutaneous corticosteroid use and the development of cataract in patients with dermatologic disease. Material and Methods: A review of literature using Medline and citations in articles to obtain this case-report series. Results: Seven patients (all men) developed cataract while using topical corticosteroids for skin diseases. Three of these seven patients also presented with glaucoma, possibly as a complication of topical corticoid on the face. Conclusion: Cataract seems to be related to topical steroids' use in periocular skin, but their real importance needs to be evaluated.","PeriodicalId":17547,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology-cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology","volume":"12 1","pages":"161 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89460192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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