Pub Date : 2021-10-27DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000548
I. Haiduc
I would like to draw attention to the novel chemical concept of inverse coordination, which discloses another face of coordination chemistry (practically ignored so far as a distinct field) and deals with the formation of metal complexes in which the donor and acceptor positions are reversed. This concept emerged after R.C. Mulvey used the “inverse crown” paradigm [1], to describe macrocyclic structures in which “the arrangement of Lewis acidic [acceptor] and Lewis basic [donor] sites is opposite to that encountered in conventional crown ether complexes”. The extension of this paradigm resulted in the “inverse coordination” concept [2]. The inverse coordination can be defined as the formation of metal complexes in which the arrangement of the acceptor and donor sites is opposite to that occurring in conventional coordination complexes [3]. The relationship between traditional coordination complexes and inverse coordination complexes could be regarded as a Janus face image, as suggested by Scheme 1.
{"title":"Inverse Coordination-The Janus Face of Coordination Chemistry","authors":"I. Haiduc","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000548","url":null,"abstract":"I would like to draw attention to the novel chemical concept of inverse coordination, which discloses another face of coordination chemistry (practically ignored so far as a distinct field) and deals with the formation of metal complexes in which the donor and acceptor positions are reversed. This concept emerged after R.C. Mulvey used the “inverse crown” paradigm [1], to describe macrocyclic structures in which “the arrangement of Lewis acidic [acceptor] and Lewis basic [donor] sites is opposite to that encountered in conventional crown ether complexes”. The extension of this paradigm resulted in the “inverse coordination” concept [2]. The inverse coordination can be defined as the formation of metal complexes in which the arrangement of the acceptor and donor sites is opposite to that occurring in conventional coordination complexes [3]. The relationship between traditional coordination complexes and inverse coordination complexes could be regarded as a Janus face image, as suggested by Scheme 1.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130948145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-21DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000547
John Sunil R
Nimesulide a preferential ‘‘cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor’’ is one of the well-known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that has been utilized to treat pain and other inflammatory diseases. Nimesulide was withdrawn from the market due to its hepatotoxicity which could be due to the presence of nitro group. Imidazoles represent an important class of bioactive molecules that shows a wide range of pharmacological activities besides anti-inflammatory activity. In our strategy to develop safer and potential anti-inflammatory molecules, we have decided to combine some of the structural features of nimesulide and imidazole in a single molecule. We have described the design and synthesis of nimesulide based 1,2,4,5-tetra substituted imidazole of potential biological significance via chemical modifications of a commonly used anti-inflammatory agent nimesulide. This derivative was prepared from nimesulide via a two-step process involving regio selective reduction of nimesulide followed by hetero cyclisation of reduced nimesulide in very 81 % yield. The title compound nimesulide based 1,2,4,5-tetra substituted imidazole was synthesized in very good yield by reaction of benzil, benzaldehyde, ammonium acetate, and N-(4-amino-2-phenoxy phenyl) methane sulphonamide in acetic acid using multi-component strategy and molecular modification. The structure of the synthesized compound was confirmed by IR and H1 NMR spectral analysis.
{"title":"Nimesulide Based 1,2,4,5-Tetra Substituted Imidazole Derivative: Synthesis and Characterisation","authors":"John Sunil R","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000547","url":null,"abstract":"Nimesulide a preferential ‘‘cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor’’ is one of the well-known non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that has been utilized to treat pain and other inflammatory diseases. Nimesulide was withdrawn from the market due to its hepatotoxicity which could be due to the presence of nitro group. Imidazoles represent an important class of bioactive molecules that shows a wide range of pharmacological activities besides anti-inflammatory activity. In our strategy to develop safer and potential anti-inflammatory molecules, we have decided to combine some of the structural features of nimesulide and imidazole in a single molecule. We have described the design and synthesis of nimesulide based 1,2,4,5-tetra substituted imidazole of potential biological significance via chemical modifications of a commonly used anti-inflammatory agent nimesulide. This derivative was prepared from nimesulide via a two-step process involving regio selective reduction of nimesulide followed by hetero cyclisation of reduced nimesulide in very 81 % yield. The title compound nimesulide based 1,2,4,5-tetra substituted imidazole was synthesized in very good yield by reaction of benzil, benzaldehyde, ammonium acetate, and N-(4-amino-2-phenoxy phenyl) methane sulphonamide in acetic acid using multi-component strategy and molecular modification. The structure of the synthesized compound was confirmed by IR and H1 NMR spectral analysis.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123198075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-05DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000546
Mansurov Zа
This investigation presents a method for obtaining cellulose fibers from fallen leaves using chemical-thermal treatment. The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of using fallen leaves as an alternative source of cellulose. The relevance of research lies in the disposal of waste raw materials in the form of fallen leaves, which are an annual multi-tonnage raw material.
{"title":"Obtaining Cellulose Fibers from the Fallen Leaves of the Elm","authors":"Mansurov Zа","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000546","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation presents a method for obtaining cellulose fibers from fallen leaves using chemical-thermal treatment. The aim of this work is to investigate the possibility of using fallen leaves as an alternative source of cellulose. The relevance of research lies in the disposal of waste raw materials in the form of fallen leaves, which are an annual multi-tonnage raw material.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132835538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-28DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000545
K. Chryssou
A white Α4 copy paper sample Q-Connect was tested for its tensile and optical properties as well as the fibre component of its pulp i.e., chemical pulp, using the optical microscope. Also, other substrate properties of the copy paper sample were determined i.e. tensile strength 0.32MPa in the machine direction and 0.11MPa in cross direction, tensile index 59.7KN.m/Kg (MD) and 19.7KN.m/Kg (CD), elongation at rupture 1.6% (MD) and 3.9% (CD), brightness 95%, grammage 81.8gsm, the band gap energy and finally application in the mechanics of the system of a linear second order ordinary differential equation was implemented on the dry paper strips used for determining its dry tensile strength. The band gap energy Eg for permitted indirect transitions was estimated as 1.16984469010026eV. The differential equation of the motion of the body was solved and the removal of the body at the moment t was found to be 0.01333*exp(-2.0*t)
{"title":"Determination of the Mechanical and Optical Properties of an A4 Copy Paper Sample and Application in the Mechanics of the System of a Linear Second Order Ordinary Differential Equation","authors":"K. Chryssou","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000545","url":null,"abstract":"A white Α4 copy paper sample Q-Connect was tested for its tensile and optical properties as well as the fibre component of its pulp i.e., chemical pulp, using the optical microscope. Also, other substrate properties of the copy paper sample were determined i.e. tensile strength 0.32MPa in the machine direction and 0.11MPa in cross direction, tensile index 59.7KN.m/Kg (MD) and 19.7KN.m/Kg (CD), elongation at rupture 1.6% (MD) and 3.9% (CD), brightness 95%, grammage 81.8gsm, the band gap energy and finally application in the mechanics of the system of a linear second order ordinary differential equation was implemented on the dry paper strips used for determining its dry tensile strength. The band gap energy Eg for permitted indirect transitions was estimated as 1.16984469010026eV. The differential equation of the motion of the body was solved and the removal of the body at the moment t was found to be 0.01333*exp(-2.0*t)","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126365438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-24DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000544
A. Rafeeq
The effect of e-waste activities on tap and ground water quality was evaluated. Sampling was carried out during dry season (May to June). Four distance points and three depths were selected to represent the ground water. The metal toxicity was the focus area and only the main metallic constitute in electronic waste (e-waste), which could be possible to be the part of e-waste were selected to determine like, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn. Analysis was carried out using standard ASTM (D1971) digestion and analysis protocol on Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The estimated data were compared with the levels allowed by the National and International standards i.e. Pakistan environmental protection agency (Pak-EPA), EC50 and WHO (world health organization) guidelines. The maximum elemental concentration were remained as Cd 0.006, Cr 0.009, Cu 0.098, Fe 0.065, Ni 0.032, Pb 0.151 and Zn 0.091mg/l for 50meter distance from the dumpsite in the ground water. Pb and Ni are found higher than the WHO & Pak-EPA recommendations while Cd is higher than WHO but within the Pak-EPA acceptable limit. It is clear that the presence of these metals in the media will cause serious health problems to the residence of the area and as well as to the city. It is concluded that the dumping of electronic waste (e-waste) is the major source of contamination of heavy metals in the studied media of the city. It emphasizes that the e-waste must be recycled properly to prevent the media from being polluted.
{"title":"Electronic Waste; A Potential Pollution Source in Ground Water Near Dumpsite in Karachi Pakistan","authors":"A. Rafeeq","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000544","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of e-waste activities on tap and ground water quality was evaluated. Sampling was carried out during dry season (May to June). Four distance points and three depths were selected to represent the ground water. The metal toxicity was the focus area and only the main metallic constitute in electronic waste (e-waste), which could be possible to be the part of e-waste were selected to determine like, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn. Analysis was carried out using standard ASTM (D1971) digestion and analysis protocol on Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The estimated data were compared with the levels allowed by the National and International standards i.e. Pakistan environmental protection agency (Pak-EPA), EC50 and WHO (world health organization) guidelines. The maximum elemental concentration were remained as Cd 0.006, Cr 0.009, Cu 0.098, Fe 0.065, Ni 0.032, Pb 0.151 and Zn 0.091mg/l for 50meter distance from the dumpsite in the ground water. Pb and Ni are found higher than the WHO & Pak-EPA recommendations while Cd is higher than WHO but within the Pak-EPA acceptable limit. It is clear that the presence of these metals in the media will cause serious health problems to the residence of the area and as well as to the city. It is concluded that the dumping of electronic waste (e-waste) is the major source of contamination of heavy metals in the studied media of the city. It emphasizes that the e-waste must be recycled properly to prevent the media from being polluted.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134440259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000543
Chryssou Κ
Nine series of experiments were conducted on nine different copy paper samples to determine whether there is a correlation between their pH values, their tensile strengths, and printability with statistical tests which confirmed the connection. Ιn this work, all statistical tests were performed via SPSS software. The regression analysis and statistics have confirmed that there was a connection. In more detail the ANOVA with significant value 0.001 led us to reject the null hypothesis that there was no connection between the parameters of the pH value the tensile force MD, the pick picking IGT MD and the ratio MD/ CD tensile strength. In coefficients the predictor variable pick-picking IGT was significant because its p-value was 0.000. The p-value for the ratio MD/CD tensile strength was lower than 0.05, i.e., 0.011 which indicated that it was statistically significant too. The Kruskal-Wallis test confirmed also the connection between the mean values of tensile force MD and pH value and pick-picking IGT and ratio MD/CD tensile strength. From the test of normality, the p=0.019 suggested an evidence of non-normality for the data set of pH and ratio MD/CD tensile strength. Also, the ANOVA with significant value 0.000 led us to reject the null hypothesis that there was no connection between the parameters of the pH, the tensile force CD, the pick picking IGT MD and the ratio MD/CD tensile strength. From the Kruskal-Wallis H test again a p-value of 0.118 confirmed the null hypothesis that the group medians were all equal when the pH value, the CD tensile strength, the pick-picking IGT MD and ratio MD/CD tensile strength were concerned. A boxplot was produced from the descriptive statistics, for the latter parameters i.e., the pH value, the CD tensile strength, the pick picking IGT MD and the ratio MD/CD tensile strength. The dataset had a negative kurtosis i.e., -0.916 and was considered to be a “light-tailed” dataset. From the one-sample t-test we concluded in a level of importance α=0.01 that there was a difference between all the average pH values measured. Finally, the optimal pH values were identified during the analysis of the nine samples of copy paper at the beginning of the year 2021, to be 10.7 when measuring the tensile strength MD, and 10.5 when measuring tensile strength CD, pick picking IGT and the ratio MD/CD tensile strength.
{"title":"Influence of pH on Copy-Paper Mechanical Properties Such as the Tensile Strength and Printability","authors":"Chryssou Κ","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000543","url":null,"abstract":"Nine series of experiments were conducted on nine different copy paper samples to determine whether there is a correlation between their pH values, their tensile strengths, and printability with statistical tests which confirmed the connection. Ιn this work, all statistical tests were performed via SPSS software. The regression analysis and statistics have confirmed that there was a connection. In more detail the ANOVA with significant value 0.001 led us to reject the null hypothesis that there was no connection between the parameters of the pH value the tensile force MD, the pick picking IGT MD and the ratio MD/ CD tensile strength. In coefficients the predictor variable pick-picking IGT was significant because its p-value was 0.000. The p-value for the ratio MD/CD tensile strength was lower than 0.05, i.e., 0.011 which indicated that it was statistically significant too. The Kruskal-Wallis test confirmed also the connection between the mean values of tensile force MD and pH value and pick-picking IGT and ratio MD/CD tensile strength. From the test of normality, the p=0.019 suggested an evidence of non-normality for the data set of pH and ratio MD/CD tensile strength. Also, the ANOVA with significant value 0.000 led us to reject the null hypothesis that there was no connection between the parameters of the pH, the tensile force CD, the pick picking IGT MD and the ratio MD/CD tensile strength. From the Kruskal-Wallis H test again a p-value of 0.118 confirmed the null hypothesis that the group medians were all equal when the pH value, the CD tensile strength, the pick-picking IGT MD and ratio MD/CD tensile strength were concerned. A boxplot was produced from the descriptive statistics, for the latter parameters i.e., the pH value, the CD tensile strength, the pick picking IGT MD and the ratio MD/CD tensile strength. The dataset had a negative kurtosis i.e., -0.916 and was considered to be a “light-tailed” dataset. From the one-sample t-test we concluded in a level of importance α=0.01 that there was a difference between all the average pH values measured. Finally, the optimal pH values were identified during the analysis of the nine samples of copy paper at the beginning of the year 2021, to be 10.7 when measuring the tensile strength MD, and 10.5 when measuring tensile strength CD, pick picking IGT and the ratio MD/CD tensile strength.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134268118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-28DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000542
Rayya A Al Balushi
Conjugated poly(metalla-yne)s have attracted the interest of academic and industrial researchers working in the field of material chemistry. This review highlights advances made in the field of conjugated Pt(II) based poly-ynes. This include some basic aspects of conjugated Pt(II) poly-ynes; synthetic methodologies, structure-property relationships. Some examples of synthesizing non-platinum metalla-ynes are also included. In the application part, the major focus has been directed on the optoelectronic (OE) properties.
{"title":"Conjugated Pt(II) Poly-Ynes for OptoElectronic Applications","authors":"Rayya A Al Balushi","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000542","url":null,"abstract":"Conjugated poly(metalla-yne)s have attracted the interest of academic and industrial researchers working in the field of material chemistry. This review highlights advances made in the field of conjugated Pt(II) based poly-ynes. This include some basic aspects of conjugated Pt(II) poly-ynes; synthetic methodologies, structure-property relationships. Some examples of synthesizing non-platinum metalla-ynes are also included. In the application part, the major focus has been directed on the optoelectronic (OE) properties.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133451649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-06DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000541
J. J
{"title":"Applications of Targeted Protein Degradation in Drug Discovery","authors":"J. J","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000541","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131111302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-19DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000540
C. K
The extremely rapid increase in the use of A4 and A3 photocopiers and printers in recent years and some printing problems observed in them make it imperative to continue and intensify the controls carried out on copy paper samples by the General Chemical State Laboratory in Greece. Samples of photocopy papers were brought to the laboratory and their mechanical and optical properties were tested. The construction of technical specifications in collaboration with other bodies of the public sector will continue to achieve effective protection of the public and private sectors, and of the consumer public in general. Action should be taken to inform those involved in the production, import and marketing of photocopier paper and the consumer in particular about the requirements of the appropriate technical specifications and the potential risks of using unsuitable paper in modern laser printers.
{"title":"Trends on the Mechanical and the Optical Properties of Papers Affected by the Inorganic Additives Determined by Ash on Ignition at 900 °C and a Thermodynamic Model Applied for their Tensile Strength","authors":"C. K","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000540","url":null,"abstract":"The extremely rapid increase in the use of A4 and A3 photocopiers and printers in recent years and some printing problems observed in them make it imperative to continue and intensify the controls carried out on copy paper samples by the General Chemical State Laboratory in Greece. Samples of photocopy papers were brought to the laboratory and their mechanical and optical properties were tested. The construction of technical specifications in collaboration with other bodies of the public sector will continue to achieve effective protection of the public and private sectors, and of the consumer public in general. Action should be taken to inform those involved in the production, import and marketing of photocopier paper and the consumer in particular about the requirements of the appropriate technical specifications and the potential risks of using unsuitable paper in modern laser printers.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121414245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-06DOI: 10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000539
E. Moore
The pharmaceutical cleaning verification can be a challenging process due to the technicality of the analytical process and the hazardous nature of the contaminant on the surface of the manufacturing equipment. There are a number of parameters to be considered before the analytical method is selected for the cleaning verification. The most commonly used methods fall under two main categories: direct and indirect method. The direct method is where the cleanliness is verified directly by visual inspection or any other means where the contaminant is not removed from the surface of the manufacturing equipment. The principle of indirect methods involves the quantitative removal and analysis of the contaminant chemical from the surface of the equipment. This article provides an overview of the current analytical process used by the pharmaceutical industry and the trend of the future pharmaceutical cleaning verification process.
{"title":"Overview of Recent Analytical Development and Commonly Used Analytical Techniques in Pharmaceutical Cleaning Verification: A Review","authors":"E. Moore","doi":"10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/acsr.2021.02.000539","url":null,"abstract":"The pharmaceutical cleaning verification can be a challenging process due to the technicality of the analytical process and the hazardous nature of the contaminant on the surface of the manufacturing equipment. There are a number of parameters to be considered before the analytical method is selected for the cleaning verification. The most commonly used methods fall under two main categories: direct and indirect method. The direct method is where the cleanliness is verified directly by visual inspection or any other means where the contaminant is not removed from the surface of the manufacturing equipment. The principle of indirect methods involves the quantitative removal and analysis of the contaminant chemical from the surface of the equipment. This article provides an overview of the current analytical process used by the pharmaceutical industry and the trend of the future pharmaceutical cleaning verification process.","PeriodicalId":175500,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Chemical Science Research","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130103414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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