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Developmental Changes of the Coronary Sinus Between the First and Second Trimesters 第一和第二个孕期冠状动脉窦的发育变化:一项试点研究
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16547
Reem S. Abu-Rustum MD, Kevin Pierre MD, Mackenzie Dyrda BS, Erica Smith MD, Nicolas Abchee BS, Caterina M. Bilardo MD, PhD

Objective

To assess the coronary sinus (CS) presence, size, and CS to atrial ratio (CS/A) in the first trimester (FT) compared with the second trimester (ST).

Methods

In this IRB-approved retrospective study, fetuses with adequate FT cardiac sweeps and normal ST hearts were included. Maternal and fetal characteristics were obtained. CS and atrial diameters were measured by a single sonologist. The CS/A ratio was compared between FT and ST. Linear regression assessed the relationship between biparietal diameter (BPD) and CS and atrial diameters. Statistical significance was set at P < .05.

Results

Among 99 fetuses, the CS was seen in 42/53 (79.2%) in the FT and 14/32 (43.8%) in the ST. No significant associations were found between CS visualization and the factors analyzed. The CS/A ratio was significantly higher in the FT versus ST (0.43 vs 0.25; P < .0001). Combined FT and ST data revealed positive correlations between BPD and both CS (slope = 0.018, P < .0001) and atrial diameters (slope = 0.135, P < .0001), suggesting differential growth rates, with the atrium exhibiting a faster growth rate as BPD increased.

Conclusions

The CS appears prominent in the FT compared with the ST, likely due to differential growth rates between the CS and atrium. Remnants of embryonic structures, differences in myocardial drainage, and hemodynamics may also be contributing factors. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and assess the value of the FT CS/A ratio.

摘要评估妊娠头三个月(FT)与妊娠后三个月(ST)相比,冠状窦(CS)的存在、大小及 CS 与心房比(CS/A):在这项经 IRB 批准的回顾性研究中,纳入了有足够的 FT 心脏扫描和正常 ST 心脏的胎儿。获得了母体和胎儿的特征。由一名超声医师测量CS和心房直径。比较了 FT 和 ST 的 CS/A 比值。线性回归评估了双顶径(BPD)与CS和心房直径之间的关系。统计显著性以 P 为标准:在 99 个胎儿中,42/53(79.2%)的 FT 和 14/32(43.8%)的 ST 均可见 CS。CS 可见度与分析因素之间未发现明显关联。在 FT 中,CS/A 比值明显高于 ST(0.43 vs 0.25;P 结论:与 ST 相比,CS 在 FT 中显得突出,这可能是由于 CS 和心房的生长速度不同。胚胎结构的残留物、心肌引流和血液动力学的差异也可能是诱因。需要更大规模的前瞻性研究来证实这些发现并评估 FT CS/A 比值的价值。
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引用次数: 0
Third-Trimester Ultrasound Diagnosis of Large for Gestational Age and Risk of Cesarean Delivery 第三孕期超声波诊断妊娠年龄偏大与剖宫产风险。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-08 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16539
Morgan E. Cooley MD, Rose A. Maxwell PhD, MBA, Rebecca Miller BS, Samantha L. Wiegand MD, David S. Mckenna MD

Objective

Determine if knowledge of a third-trimester ultrasound diagnosis of large for gestational age (LGA) independently increases the risk of cesarean delivery (CD).

Study Design

Historical cohort comparing CD rate among patients diagnosed with an LGA fetus on a clinically indicated ultrasound from January 2017 to July 2021 with those without an LGA diagnosis at 34 weeks or later. LGA was defined as an ultrasound-estimated fetal weight greater than or equal to the 90th percentile for the gestational age. Univariate analysis was performed to identify significant confounding variables and was utilized as covariates for binary regression with CD rate as the primary outcome, and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Nulliparous term singleton vertex (NTSV) and multiparous CD rates were also compared.

Results

There were 447 patients diagnosed with an LGA fetus and 1971 patients without an LGA diagnosis on third-trimester ultrasound. The positive predictive value of LGA diagnosis was 50.1% and the false positive rate was 10.6%. Patients with a diagnosis of LGA had higher AOR of CD (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.56-2.83), and higher AOR of NTSV CD (OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.14-3.13) compared with those without an LGA diagnosis. There was no difference in the rates of non-medically indicated CD, multiparous primary CD, and attempted and successful TOLAC.

Conclusion

Our results suggest third-trimester ultrasound diagnosis of LGA independently increases odds of CD, specifically among nulliparous patients, and the potential bias may be one factor contributing to excessive CDs and NTSV CDs.

研究目的:了解第三孕期超声诊断胎龄过大(LGA)是否会增加剖宫产风险:确定知道第三孕期超声诊断为巨大胎儿(LGA)是否会独立增加剖宫产(CD)风险:历史队列:比较2017年1月至2021年7月期间经临床指征超声诊断为LGA胎儿的患者与34周或之后未确诊LGA胎儿的患者的剖宫产率。LGA的定义是超声估计的胎儿体重大于或等于胎龄的第90百分位数。进行单变量分析以确定重要的混杂变量,并将其作为以CD率为主要结果的二元回归的协变量,计算出调整后的几率比(AOR)及95%置信区间(CI)。此外,还比较了无子宫期单胎顶点(NTSV)和多胎CD率:结果:经第三孕期超声检查确诊为 LGA 胎儿的患者有 447 例,未确诊为 LGA 胎儿的患者有 1971 例。LGA诊断的阳性预测值为50.1%,假阳性率为10.6%。与未确诊 LGA 的患者相比,确诊 LGA 的患者 CD 的 AOR 较高(OR 2.11,95% CI 1.56-2.83),NTSV CD 的 AOR 较高(OR 1.88,95% CI 1.14-3.13)。非医学指征的 CD、多胎原发性 CD 以及尝试和成功 TOLAC 的比率没有差异:我们的研究结果表明,第三孕期超声诊断 LGA 会独立增加 CD 的几率,特别是在无子宫患者中,潜在的偏差可能是导致过多 CD 和 NTSV CD 的一个因素。
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引用次数: 0
A Pilot Study of Ultrasound Assessment of Umbilical Cord and Placental Vascular Flow for Cord Accident Stillbirth Prevention 超声评估脐带和胎盘血管流量以预防脐带意外死胎的试点研究
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16546
Nathan R. Blue MD, MSCI, Amanda A. Allshouse MS, Kimberly A. Moyle MD, MSCI, Keisha Dimick RDMS, Robert M. Silver MD

Objective

Our objective was to determine the feasibility and interobserver reliability of umbilical cord and placental arteriolar flow assessment in low-risk pregnancies near term.

Methods

This was a prospective pilot study in low-risk pregnancies at 36 weeks with anterior placentas. We excluded any with an indication for antenatal testing or delivery before 39 weeks. Each participant underwent two ultrasounds by different examiners, which included arterial and venous velocimetry at three cord sites (fetal, free loop, and placental) in addition to maternal and fetal placental arterioles. The interobserver reliability was quantified using the Pearson correlation coefficient with that of standard clinical parameters serving as a benchmark for interpretation.

Results

Among 53 participants scanned at 356/7–371/7 weeks, the mean examination duration was 20.5 ± 4.2 minutes. Ascertainment success was high for measures at the free loop, placental cord insertion, and fetal placental arterioles (range 90.6%–99.1%) and was lower at the fetal cord insertion and maternal spiral arterioles (range 47.2%–87.7%). Interobserver reliability estimates for free-loop systolic/diastolic and pulsatility index ranged from 0.38 to 0.44. Interobserver reliability for experimental parameters varied by measurement site, and all were poor at the fetal insertion and in placental arterioles. Parameters had significant variation across cord sites (range 4.3%–21.7%).

Conclusion

In our cohort, flow assessments of the free loop, placental insertion, and placental arterioles are feasible, but interrater reliability varies by measurement type and cord site. Future studies are needed to establish feasibility and reliability in nonanterior placentation and to assess clinical relevance.

目的我们的目的是确定对临近足月的低危妊娠进行脐带和胎盘动脉血流评估的可行性和观察者间的可靠性:这是一项前瞻性试验研究,对象是妊娠 36 周、前置胎盘的低危妊娠。我们排除了有产前检查指征或在 39 周前分娩的孕妇。每位受试者由不同的检查人员进行两次超声检查,包括三个脐带部位(胎儿、游离环和胎盘)的动脉和静脉测速,以及母体和胎儿的胎盘动脉血管测速。使用皮尔逊相关系数对观察者之间的可靠性进行量化,并将标准临床参数作为解释的基准:结果:53 名参与者在 356/7-371/7 周时进行了扫描,平均检查时间为 20.5 ± 4.2 分钟。游离环、胎盘脐带插入和胎儿胎盘动脉血管测量的确定成功率较高(范围为 90.6%-99.1%),而胎儿脐带插入和母体螺旋动脉血管的确定成功率较低(范围为 47.2%-87.7%)。自由环收缩/舒张和搏动指数的观察者间可靠性估计值在 0.38 至 0.44 之间。实验参数的观察者间可靠性因测量部位而异,胎儿插入部位和胎盘动脉血管的观察者间可靠性均较差。不同脐带部位的参数差异很大(范围为 4.3%-21.7%):结论:在我们的队列中,对游离环、胎盘插入部和胎盘动脉血管进行血流评估是可行的,但测量类型和脐带部位不同,测量者之间的可靠性也不同。未来的研究需要确定非前置胎盘的可行性和可靠性,并评估临床相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrasonic Estimation of Fetal Weight: Are Averaged Triplicate Measurements More Accurate Than Single Measurements? 超声波估算胎儿体重:一式三份的平均测量值比单次测量值更准确吗?
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-06 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16545
Vadim Sheiman MD, Aviv Frenkel MD, Noa Glick MD, Josef Tovbin MD, Ortal Neeman MD, Eran Barzilay MD, PhD

Objective

To assess whether, and to what extent, performing triplicate measurements can improve accuracy of estimation of fetal weight (EFW) compared to single measurements.

Methods

This was a prospective study conducted at a single medical center. A total of 100 term parturients with an anticipated delivery within 72 hours were recruited for EFW measurements. All examinations were done with adherence to the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) guidelines. EFW was calculated using the Hadlock formula. Triplicate measurements from three different images were obtained for each parameter and the averaged values were used for clinical purposes. EFW calculated using average measurements was compared to EFW calculated using the first measurements.

Results

There was a small but significant improvement in EFW when using averaged measurements compared to single measurements (mean improvement 34 ± 105 g, P = .002). Deviance from birthweight in single measurements was significantly higher compared to averaged measurements (median deviance 198 versus 148 g, respectively, P = .005). This difference was more pronounced when assessing the 75th centile (348 versus 282 g, respectively).

Conclusions

Using triplicate measurements instead of single measurements when performing EFW confers a small, but statistically significant, improvement to EFW accuracy. Using triplicate measurements for assessing EFW should be thus considered, especially in cases suspected of growth disorders.

摘要评估与单次测量相比,进行一式三份的测量是否能提高胎儿体重(EFW)估算的准确性,以及提高的程度:这是一项在一家医疗中心进行的前瞻性研究。方法:这是一项在一家医疗中心进行的前瞻性研究,共招募了 100 名预产期在 72 小时内的足月孕妇进行 EFW 测量。所有检查均遵照国际妇产科超声学会(ISUOG)指南进行。EFW使用哈德洛克公式计算。每项参数均从三张不同的图像中获得一式三份的测量值,并将平均值用于临床目的。将使用平均测量值计算的 EFW 与使用第一次测量值计算的 EFW 进行比较:结果:与单次测量相比,使用平均测量值计算的婴儿出生体重有微小但显著的改善(平均改善 34 ± 105 克,P = .002)。单次测量的出生体重偏差明显高于平均测量(偏差中位数分别为 198 克和 148 克,P = .005)。在评估第 75 百分位数时,这种差异更为明显(分别为 348 克和 282 克):结论:使用一式三份的测量结果而非单份测量结果来进行婴儿血压测量,可使婴儿血压测量的准确性略有提高,但在统计学上具有显著意义。因此,应考虑使用一式三份的测量结果来评估 EFW,尤其是在怀疑有生长障碍的病例中。
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引用次数: 0
Diagnostic Accuracy of Ureteric Jet Angle Measurement Using Color Doppler Ultrasonography in Children With Vesico-Ureteric Reflux 在膀胱输尿管反流儿童中使用彩色多普勒超声波测量输尿管射流角的诊断准确性:系统回顾
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16543
Cameron Gemmell BBehavSc(Psych), BBus(International), BBusMan(Hons I), Christopher Edwards BAppSc(MedRadTech), MAppSc(Med Ultrasound), PhD, Tristan Reddan BAppSc(MedRadTech), GradCertHlthSc, GradDipAppSc(Med Ultrasound), PhD

This systematic review evaluated accuracy of ureteric jet angles on color Doppler sonography in diagnosing vesico-ureteric reflux (VUR) in children, using voiding cystourethrogram as the reference standard. Six databases were searched, yielding 13 eligible studies of an initial 429, 7 with comparable data. Risk of bias and applicability were assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) tool. Most studies demonstrated a correlation between increasing jet angle and VUR severity, but reporting and techniques varied, preventing meta-analysis. Ureteric jet angle sonography may have potential as a VUR triaging tool. Further investigations with rigorous methodology are required. Funding support was obtained from Queensland University of Technology. PROSPERO Registration CRD42020159799.

本系统性综述以排尿膀胱尿道造影为参考标准,评估了彩色多普勒超声检查输尿管喷射角度在诊断儿童膀胱输尿管反流(VUR)方面的准确性。研究人员检索了六个数据库,从最初的 429 项研究中筛选出 13 项符合条件的研究,其中 7 项研究的数据具有可比性。使用诊断准确性研究质量评估(QUADAS-2)工具对偏倚风险和适用性进行了评估。大多数研究表明,射流角增大与 VUR 严重程度之间存在相关性,但报告和技术各不相同,因此无法进行荟萃分析。输尿管喷射角超声造影可能具有作为 VUR 分流工具的潜力。需要采用严格的方法进行进一步研究。昆士兰科技大学提供资金支持。PROSPERO 注册号:CRD42020159799。
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引用次数: 0
Ultrasound Classification and Preoperative Ultrasound Diagnosis Analysis of Ovarian Ectopic Pregnancy 卵巢异位妊娠的超声分类和术前超声诊断分析。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-05 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16540
Xiaoli Lv MS, Qing Yang MS, Yunqi Chen MS, Min Ren PhD, Laman He MS

Objectives

A classification system of ovarian ectopic pregnancies (OEP) could aid in their management. This study aimed to investigate the ultrasound classification and preoperative ultrasound diagnosis of OEP.

Methods

This retrospective case series study analyzed the clinical and ultrasound imaging data of 68 pregnant women diagnosed and confirmed with OEP at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated with Tongji University between January 2015 and March 2023. The study focused on examining the ultrasound characteristics of different types of ovarian pregnancies and the accuracy of preoperative ultrasound diagnoses.

Results

The study included 68 patients with a median age of 30 (22-47) years. There were 43 cases (63.2%) of ruptured OEP and 25 (36.8%) of unruptured OEP. The unruptured cases were subclassified as embryonic sac type (n = 16) and heterogeneous mass type (n = 9). Preoperative ultrasound accurately diagnosed 19 cases (27.9%) of OEP, including 10 (62.50%) of the embryonic sac type, 4 (44.44%) of the heterogeneous mass type, and 5 (11.63%) of the ruptured type. Preoperative ultrasonography showed that embryonic sac type OEP was characterized by an intra-ovarian cystic structure with a distinctive hyperechoic ring and, in some cases (8 out of 16), the presence of embryonic buds and/or yolk sacs. Ruptured OEP was characterized by mixed masses in the pelvic cavity with minimal or significant free pelvic fluid, an unclear boundary between the mass and the ovary, and limited or no vascularity.

Conclusions

Ultrasound may be used to determine the type of OEP preoperatively, with a higher diagnostic yield for the embryonic sac subtype. Preoperative ultrasonographic classification may enhance the preoperative diagnosis of OEP.

目的:卵巢异位妊娠(OEP)的分类系统有助于卵巢异位妊娠的治疗。本研究旨在探讨卵巢异位妊娠的超声分类和术前超声诊断:这项回顾性病例系列研究分析了2015年1月至2023年3月期间同济大学附属妇产科医院诊断并确诊为OEP的68名孕妇的临床和超声影像资料。该研究重点考察了不同类型卵巢妊娠的超声特征以及术前超声诊断的准确性:研究共纳入68例患者,中位年龄为30(22-47)岁。其中 43 例(63.2%)为破裂的卵巢妊娠,25 例(36.8%)为未破裂的卵巢妊娠。未破裂病例又分为胚囊型(16 例)和异型肿块型(9 例)。术前超声准确诊断出 19 例(27.9%)OEP,其中胚囊型 10 例(62.50%),异型肿块型 4 例(44.44%),破裂型 5 例(11.63%)。术前超声检查显示,胚胎囊型 OEP 的特点是卵巢内囊性结构,有明显的高回声环,部分病例(16 例中有 8 例)存在胚芽和/或卵黄囊。破裂的卵巢子宫内膜异位症的特点是盆腔内有混合肿块,盆腔内有少量或大量游离液体,肿块与卵巢之间边界不清,血管有限或无血管:结论:超声波可用于术前确定OEP的类型,胚囊亚型的诊断率更高。术前超声分类可提高 OEP 的术前诊断率。
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引用次数: 0
Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: A Real-Time, Noninvasive, Radiation-Free Method for Intraoperative Male Urethral Fistula Assessment 对比增强超声波:用于男性尿道瘘术中评估的实时、无创、无辐射方法。
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16525
Qijie Lu MD, Wei Liu MBBS, Lei Chen PhD

Objectives

To evaluate the feasibility of intraoperative transurethral contrast-enhanced ultrasound for the assessment of male urethral fistulas.

Methods

Patients in a prospective database who underwent intraoperative two-dimensional ultrasound, transurethral saline-enhanced ultrasound, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound between January 2017 and July 2022 were included. All patients were clinically diagnosed with urethral fistulae (UF) in the outpatient setting based on clinical presentations, traditional two-dimensional ultrasound, and/or other imaging modalities and confirmed during surgical repair. Dynamic videos of the scans were independently analyzed by two experienced ultrasonologists.

Results

Thirty-nine patients with an average age of 51 years were included. The UF were located in the anterior urethra in 22 (56.4%) patients and in the bulbar urethra in 14 (63.6%) patients. UF were located in the posterior urethra in 17 (436%) patients and in the prostatic urethra in 13 (76.5%) patients. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography revealed UF in all patients. In patients with anterior UF, saline-enhanced ultrasound images did not show a UF in 15 (68.2%, 15/22) patients, 13 (86.7%, 13/15) of whom had fistulae with diameters <3 mm. Saline-enhanced ultrasound images did not reveal posterior UF in 13 (76.5%, 13/17) patients. The fistula diameters in eight (61.5%, 8/13) patients were <3 mm. The duration for contrast-enhanced ultrasonography was approximately 3 minutes. The duration for surgical repair was approximately 2 hours.

Conclusions

Transurethral contrast-enhanced ultrasound is a real-time, noninvasive, and radiation-free method that allows intraoperative imaging and accurate assessment of male UF. Its sensitivity is higher than that of both two-dimensional ultrasound and transurethral saline-enhanced ultrasound. The location, size, and course of the fistulae can be clearly seen due to greater contrast during contrast-enhanced ultrasound.

目的:评估术中经尿道造影剂增强超声波评估男性尿道瘘的可行性:评估术中经尿道造影剂增强超声评估男性尿道瘘的可行性:纳入前瞻性数据库中2017年1月至2022年7月期间接受术中二维超声、经尿道盐水增强超声和造影剂增强超声检查的患者。所有患者均在门诊根据临床表现、传统二维超声和/或其他成像方式临床诊断为尿道瘘(UF),并在手术修复过程中得到确认。扫描的动态视频由两名经验丰富的超声波专家独立分析:共纳入 39 名患者,平均年龄 51 岁。22例(56.4%)患者的UF位于前尿道,14例(63.6%)患者的UF位于球部尿道。17例(436%)患者的尿道前列腺增生位于后尿道,13例(76.5%)患者的尿道前列腺增生位于前列腺尿道。对比增强超声波检查显示所有患者都有尿道前列腺增生症。在前尿道瘘患者中,15 名(68.2%,15/22)患者的盐水增强超声图像未显示尿道瘘,其中 13 名(86.7%,13/15)患者的瘘管直径得出结论:经尿道造影剂增强超声是一种实时、无创、无辐射的方法,可在术中成像并准确评估男性尿道瘘。其灵敏度高于二维超声和经尿道盐水增强超声。由于对比度增强超声波的对比度更高,因此可以清楚地看到瘘管的位置、大小和走向。
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引用次数: 0
Quantitative Analysis of Right Atrial Functions by 2D-Speckle Tracking Echocardiography During Healthy Pregnancy 健康妊娠期二维啄木鸟跟踪超声心动图对右心房功能的定量分析
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16537
Yeliz Guler MD, Ali Karagoz MD, Duygu Inan MD, Mehmet R. Sonsoz MD, Mehmet N. Bilen MD, Ahmet Guler MD, Cevat Kirma MD

Background

The role of speckle tracking in the assessment of right atrial (RA) deformation parameters has not been investigated yet. The purpose of this article is to establish the effects of normal pregnancy on RA mechanical changes obtained by 2-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography.

Methodology

A total of 49 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. All participants were followed for each trimester and postpartum period, encompassing standard assessments of both RA and ventricular functions, as well as measurements of RA global peak atrial longitudinal strain (RA-Global-PALS) and RA global peak atrial contraction strain (RA-Global-PACS). Additionally, the RA segments were individually evaluated with respect to strain parameters.

Results

During pregnancy, the increased volume load resulted in elevated RA reservoir function, as indicated by RA-Global-PALS, and increased contraction parameter, as indicated by RA-Global-PACS. These changes were within physiological limits and reversible. Segmental analysis of the right atrium showed similar findings for regional PACS and PALS parameters.

Conclusion

In this study, we established normal RA deformation parameters for healthy pregnancies. These data will aid in discerning various measures of RA phasic function in cardiovascular and systemic conditions among normal pregnant women. Moreover, they may offer insights into potential cardiac pathologies that may arise during the pregnancy.

背景:目前尚未研究斑点追踪技术在评估右心房(RA)变形参数中的作用。本文旨在确定正常妊娠对二维斑点追踪超声心动图获得的右心房力学变化的影响:研究共纳入 49 名健康孕妇。所有参与者在每个孕期和产后都接受了随访,包括 RA 和心室功能的标准评估,以及 RA 全局峰值心房纵向应变(RA-Global-PALS)和 RA 全局峰值心房收缩应变(RA-Global-PACS)的测量。此外,还对 RA 节段的应变参数进行了单独评估:结果:妊娠期间,容积负荷的增加导致 RA 储库功能升高(如 RA-Global-PALS 所示)和收缩参数升高(如 RA-Global-PACS 所示)。这些变化均在生理范围内,并且是可逆的。右心房的分段分析显示,区域 PACS 和 PALS 参数也有类似的结果:在这项研究中,我们确定了健康妊娠的正常 RA 变形参数。这些数据将有助于辨别正常孕妇在心血管和全身状况下 RA 相位功能的各种测量指标。此外,这些数据还有助于了解妊娠期间可能出现的潜在心脏病变。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Shear Wave Elastography for Assessment of Renal-Allograft Fibrosis and its Correlation With Histopathology 剪切波弹性成像在评估肾移植纤维化中的作用及其与组织病理学的相关性
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16532
Surojit Ruidas MBBS, MD, Hira Lal MBBS, MD, Raghunandan Prasad MBBS, MD, Srishti Sharma MBBS, MD, Surabhi Agarwal MBBS, MD, Ranvijai Singh MBBS, MD, Narayan Prasad MBBS, MD, DM (Nephrology), Manas Ranjan Patel MBBS, MD, DM (Nephrology), Ravi Shankar Kushwaha MBBS, MD, DM (Nephrology), Manoj Jain MBBS, MD

Objectives

To investigate whether shear wave elastography (SWE) can accurately identify interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) in chronic renal allograft injury (CRAI) and whether it can differentiate between different grades of IFTA.

Materials and Methods

Prospective observational study on renal transplant recipients who presented with CRAI. Patient selection was done on the basis of clinical presentation, serum creatinine, and eGFR levels. Biopsy and SWE were performed and SWE values were correlated with histopathological findings according to Banff schema. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) was also analyzed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of SWE.

Results

Sxity-one patients were evaluated. Ten patients had no IFTA, 33 patients had mild IFTA, 16 patients had moderate IFTA, and 2 patients had severe IFTA. Mean parenchymal stiffness values in no IFTA, mild IFTA, moderate IFTA and severe IFTA were 39.86 ± 2.17 kPa (3.64 ± 0.09 m/s), 41.59 ± 3.36 kPa (3.71 ± 0.15 m/s), 47.59 ± 3.34 kPa (3.98 ± 0.14 m/s), and 53.83 ± 1.41 kPa (4.25 ± 0.03 m/s), respectively. SWE values of parenchymal stiffness reached statistical significance to differentiate between mild, moderate, and severe IFTA. ROC analysis revealed cut-off values of 45.09 kPa (3.89 m/s) to differentiate between mild IFTA and moderate IFTA, 52.06 kPa (4.18 m/s) to differentiate between moderate IFTA and severe IFTA with acceptable sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusion

SWE is a non-invasive and cost-effective imaging tool to evaluate the disease status of renal allografts affected by CRAI. Thus, it can be of paramount importance if added to the regular follow-up imaging protocol of renal allograft along with grayscale and Doppler imaging.

目的研究剪切波弹性成像(SWE)能否准确识别慢性肾移植损伤(CRAI)中的间质纤维化和肾小管萎缩(IFTA),以及能否区分不同等级的IFTA:对出现 CRAI 的肾移植受者进行前瞻性观察研究。根据临床表现、血清肌酐和 eGFR 水平选择患者。对患者进行活检和SWE检查,并根据班夫模式将SWE值与组织病理学结果进行相关分析。此外,还分析了接收者操作特征(ROC),以评估 SWE 的诊断效果:共评估了 21 例患者。10例患者无IFTA,33例患者有轻度IFTA,16例患者有中度IFTA,2例患者有重度IFTA。无 IFTA、轻度 IFTA、中度 IFTA 和重度 IFTA 的实质僵硬度平均值分别为 39.86 ± 2.17 kPa(3.64 ± 0.09 m/s)、41.59 ± 3.36 kPa(3.71 ± 0.15 m/s)、47.59 ± 3.34 kPa(3.98 ± 0.14 m/s)和 53.83 ± 1.41 kPa(4.25 ± 0.03 m/s)。实质僵硬度的 SWE 值在区分轻度、中度和重度 IFTA 方面具有统计学意义。ROC分析显示,45.09 kPa(3.89 m/s)的临界值可区分轻度IFTA和中度IFTA,52.06 kPa(4.18 m/s)的临界值可区分中度IFTA和重度IFTA,其敏感性和特异性均可接受:结论:SWE 是评估受 CRAI 影响的肾脏同种异体移植物疾病状态的一种无创、经济的成像工具。因此,如果将 SWE 与灰度和多普勒成像一起添加到肾脏同种异体移植的常规随访成像方案中,将具有极其重要的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Umbilical Vein Flows and Cardiac Size, Shape, and Ventricular Contractility in Fetuses With Estimated Weight Less-Than 10th Centile 估计体重低于 10 百分位数的胎儿的脐静脉流量、心脏大小、形状和心室收缩力
IF 2.1 4区 医学 Q2 ACOUSTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16536
Manesha Putra MD, Emma Elizabeth Helen Peek BS, Greggory R. Devore MD, John C. Hobbins MD

Objectives

In a cohort of patients with estimated fetal weights (EFWs) <10th centile, we aimed 1) to compare the prevalence of abnormalities of fetal 4-chamber view (4CV) cardiac size, shape, and ventricular contractility in fetal growth restricted (FGR) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses and 2) to compare umbilical vein flow (UVF) measurements to standard Doppler surveillance in predicting abnormalities of cardiac function.

Methods

Prospective observational cohort study of fetuses with EFW <10th percentile. Measurements of size and shape used were 4CV transverse width, 4CV cardiac area, 4CV global sphericity index, and right-to-left ventricular mid-chamber width ratio. Variables of contractility used were fractional shortening change at the mid-ventricle chamber, global longitudinal strain, fractional area change, and left ventricular cardiac output. The UVF and standard Doppler surveillance including umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery, and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) were collected. Control data were from previously published studies.

Results

A total of 95 fetuses with EFWs <10th centile were included in the study. The rates of abnormalities of cardiac size and shape and ventricular contractility were all significantly elevated compared with normally grown control fetuses but similar between FGR and SGA fetuses. In a subset of 76 patients with UVF data, evaluation UVF identified more patients with any abnormality of contractility compared with UA (37.9 vs 17.2%, P = .02).

Conclusions

The addition of UVF doubled the detection rate of ventricular contractility abnormalities. The addition of UVF should be considered in the surveillance of FGR and SGA fetuses to further stratify the severity of hypoxemia and to identify those at greater risk for future cardiovascular dysfunction.

目的在估计胎儿体重(EFWs)的患者队列中 方法: 对估计胎儿体重(EFWs)的患者队列进行前瞻性观察研究:对估计胎儿体重(EFWs)的胎儿进行前瞻性队列观察研究:结论:增加紫外线荧光使胎儿体重增加了一倍:加入紫外线荧光使心室收缩力异常的检出率增加了一倍。在监测 FGR 和 SGA 胎儿时应考虑添加紫外线荧光,以进一步分层低氧血症的严重程度,并识别那些未来心血管功能障碍风险较高的胎儿。
{"title":"Umbilical Vein Flows and Cardiac Size, Shape, and Ventricular Contractility in Fetuses With Estimated Weight Less-Than 10th Centile","authors":"Manesha Putra MD,&nbsp;Emma Elizabeth Helen Peek BS,&nbsp;Greggory R. Devore MD,&nbsp;John C. Hobbins MD","doi":"10.1002/jum.16536","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jum.16536","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a cohort of patients with estimated fetal weights (EFWs) &lt;10th centile, we aimed 1) to compare the prevalence of abnormalities of fetal 4-chamber view (4CV) cardiac size, shape, and ventricular contractility in fetal growth restricted (FGR) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) fetuses and 2) to compare umbilical vein flow (UVF) measurements to standard Doppler surveillance in predicting abnormalities of cardiac function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective observational cohort study of fetuses with EFW &lt;10th percentile. Measurements of size and shape used were 4CV transverse width, 4CV cardiac area, 4CV global sphericity index, and right-to-left ventricular mid-chamber width ratio. Variables of contractility used were fractional shortening change at the mid-ventricle chamber, global longitudinal strain, fractional area change, and left ventricular cardiac output. The UVF and standard Doppler surveillance including umbilical artery (UA), middle cerebral artery, and cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) were collected. Control data were from previously published studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 95 fetuses with EFWs &lt;10th centile were included in the study. The rates of abnormalities of cardiac size and shape and ventricular contractility were all significantly elevated compared with normally grown control fetuses but similar between FGR and SGA fetuses. In a subset of 76 patients with UVF data, evaluation UVF identified more patients with any abnormality of contractility compared with UA (37.9 vs 17.2%, <i>P</i> = .02).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The addition of UVF doubled the detection rate of ventricular contractility abnormalities. The addition of UVF should be considered in the surveillance of FGR and SGA fetuses to further stratify the severity of hypoxemia and to identify those at greater risk for future cardiovascular dysfunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17563,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine","volume":"43 11","pages":"2069-2084"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine
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