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Thank You & Welcome! 感谢和欢迎
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-51-5-Editorial
Regina Schoenfeld-Tacher
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引用次数: 0
Qualitative Analysis of Intern Applications and its Relationship to Performance. 实习生申请的定性分析及其与绩效的关系
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2023-0060
Heather Gosnell, Madison P Pegouske, Shane D Lyon, Kathryn A Diehl, Kate E Creevy, Katherine Fogelberg, Erik H Hofmeister

This study aimed to identify qualitative aspects of small animal veterinary internship applications that are associated with relative intern performance. This study took place with data collected on small animal interns from the 2015-2016, 2016-2017, and 2017-2018 intern classes from four different institutions. Applicants were divided into top-performers and bottom-performers by sorting the calculated overall scores from highest to lowest, labeling the top half of interns as "top-performers," and the lower half of interns as "bottom-performers." Thematic analysis of the intern applications was conducted. Relationship skills and knowledge application were identified as themes in the top-performing interns but not in the bottom-performing interns. Veterinary experience, presentations, community service, research, and teaching were all seen more frequently in the top-performing interns. More top performers had characteristics of greatest strength of technical skills, professionalism, relationship skills, and teamwork. More bottom performers had characteristics of greatest strength of stress management, communication, and patient care. More top performers had characteristics that would benefit from targeted mentoring of leadership. More bottom-performers had characteristics that would benefit from targeted mentoring of technical skills, general knowledge, and self-awareness. In narrative comments, adaptability, and self-awareness were more commonly noted in the bottom-performers. Lack of confidence was noted as a theme in the bottom-performers, but not in the top-performers. Certain qualities of intern applications may be used to predict top- or bottom-performing interns.

本研究旨在确定与实习表现相关的小动物兽医实习申请的定性方面。本研究收集了来自四个不同机构的2015 - 2016年、2016 - 2017年和2017-2018年小动物实习生的数据。通过将计算出的综合分数从高到低进行排序,将应聘者分为表现最好和表现最差的两类,并将上半部分实习生标记为“表现最好的”,将下半部分实习生标记为“表现最差的”。对实习生申请进行专题分析。关系技巧和知识应用是表现最好的实习生的主题,而表现最差的实习生则不是。兽医经验、演讲、社区服务、研究和教学都在表现最好的实习生中出现得更多。更多的优等生具有技术技能、专业精神、人际关系技能和团队合作能力最强的特点。在压力管理、沟通和病人护理方面,表现最差的人更多。更多的优秀员工拥有可以从有针对性的领导指导中受益的特质。更多表现最差的员工拥有的特点将受益于技术技能、一般知识和自我意识的有针对性的指导。在叙述性评论中,适应性和自我意识在表现最差的人身上更为常见。缺乏信心是表现最差的员工的一个主要问题,而表现最好的员工则没有。实习申请的某些品质可以用来预测表现最好或最差的实习生。
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引用次数: 0
Veterinarian Use of and Sentiment Regarding Standard of Care for Feline Ovarian Pedicle Tie. 兽医对猫卵巢蒂扎术标准的使用和看法。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0004
Hillary A Herendeen, Jennifer W C Turner, Rachael E Kreisler

Ligation of the feline ovarian pedicle is commonly performed via autoligation ("pedicle tie") by high-quality high-volume surgeons. It is not commonly taught in veterinary school, resulting in general practice veterinarians who are not comfortable with the technique, despite being faster than double ligation with suture, having very low risk of hemorrhage-related complications, and no increased risk for student surgeons. This study aimed to determine the use of and opinions regarding standard of care (SOC) related to the pedicle tie for feline ovariohysterectomy. An anonymous 23-question survey was targeted to private practice veterinarians via social media from September to November 2021. There were 142 respondents, with 77 indicating the use of the pedicle tie and 65 indicating no use. Of those who used the pedicle tie, most reported learning the technique from either a dedicated high-quality high-volume facility (32%) or a colleague/mentor (32%). Nearly half used it in all cases. They had used it for a median of 5 (IQR 3,8) years, and 99% were comfortable teaching the technique to others. Of those who did not use the pedicle tie, 60% reported that it meets SOC, 14% reported that it does not, and 26% reported that it sometimes meets SOC. Over half of the respondents reported using the pedicle tie. Absence from the veterinary curriculum was the most frequently cited reason for not using the technique.

猫科动物卵巢蒂结扎术通常由高质量、高产量的外科医生通过自动结扎("蒂结扎")来完成。尽管该技术比缝合双结扎更快,出血相关并发症的风险很低,而且不会增加外科医生学生的风险,但兽医学校并不常教授该技术,导致普通兽医对该技术不适应。本研究旨在确定猫卵巢切除术中椎弓根扎术相关护理标准(SOC)的使用情况和意见。2021 年 9 月至 11 月期间,我们通过社交媒体向私人执业兽医进行了一项包含 23 个问题的匿名调查。共有 142 名受访者,其中 77 人表示使用过椎弓根扎带,65 人表示没有使用过。在使用椎弓根扎法的受访者中,大多数人表示是从专门的高质量大批量设施(32%)或同事/导师(32%)那里学习到这一技术的。近一半的人在所有病例中都使用了该技术。他们使用该技术的时间中位数为 5 年(IQR 3-8 年),99% 的人愿意将该技术传授给他人。在不使用椎弓根扎法的受访者中,60% 的人表示符合 SOC 标准,14% 的人表示不符合 SOC 标准,26% 的人表示有时符合 SOC 标准。超过一半的受访者表示使用过椎弓根扎法。不使用该技术的最常见原因是没有参加兽医课程。
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引用次数: 0
AAVMC Notes. AAVMC 笔记。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-51-5-Notes
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引用次数: 0
Cadaveric Prosections Prepared by Qualified Instructional Staff Were More Efficient and Effective Teaching Modalities for Veterinary Gross Anatomy than In-Class Dissections by Students. 与学生在课堂上解剖尸体相比,由合格的教学人员准备的尸体解剖是更高效、更有效的兽医解剖学教学模式。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-17 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0031
Shawna M Clement, Tyler A Ubben, Dustin T Yates

Veterinary programs traditionally teach gross anatomy by having students perform regional dissections on animal cadavers. Dissection is effective but also costly, time consuming, and intimidating for students. These factors, along with reduced contact hours devoted to gross anatomy, warrant investigation of more time-efficient teaching modalities. We sought to determine whether learning anatomy from instructor-prosected cadavers is a suitable alternative to in-class cadaveric dissections. Veterinary students completed nine units of regional gross anatomy over three courses. For each unit, students were randomly assigned to study the region on instructor-prosected cadavers (i.e., prosection students, n = 25) or perform their own dissection of the region in small groups (i.e., dissection students, n = 25). Prosection students spent on average 18 minutes/week less (p < .05) in class than dissection students. Despite comparable amounts of time spent studying outside of class each week, prosection students outperformed (p < .05) dissection students on 56% of the practical unit exams and 44% of the overall unit exams, whereas dissection students outperformed (p < .05) prosection students on only a single unit exam. Prosection students also performed better (p < .05) on subsequent quizzes administered to assess knowledge retention. Survey responses indicated that students were more confident in the accuracy of prosections and valued the efficiency they provided. Although they found value in performing dissections and were generally satisfied with the knowledge they gained, many students reported feeling timid toward dissecting, which diminished the experience. Together, these findings demonstrate that expertly prosected cadavers were more time-efficient than in-class cadaveric dissections and were generally more effective for learning gross veterinary anatomy.

兽医专业的传统教学方法是让学生对动物尸体进行区域解剖。解剖是有效的,但也是昂贵、耗时和让学生望而生畏的。这些因素以及用于大体解剖学的接触时间减少,使得我们有必要研究更省时省力的教学模式。我们试图确定从教师解剖的尸体上学习解剖是否是课堂尸体解剖的合适替代方法。兽医专业学生在三门课程中完成了九个单元的区域大体解剖学。在每个单元中,学生被随机分配到在教师解剖的尸体上学习该区域(即解剖学生,n = 25)或以小组形式自行解剖该区域(即解剖学生,n = 25)。与解剖学生相比,解剖学生平均每周在课堂上花费的时间少 18 分钟(p < .05)。尽管每周用于课外学习的时间相当,但在 56% 的实践单元考试和 44% 的整体单元考试中,解剖学生的成绩优于解剖学生(p < .05),而解剖学生仅在一次单元考试中优于解剖学生(p < .05)。在随后进行的评估知识保留情况的测验中,解剖学生的成绩也更好(p < .05)。调查反馈显示,学生对解剖的准确性更有信心,并重视解剖提供的效率。虽然他们发现了进行解剖的价值,并对获得的知识总体上感到满意,但许多学生表示对解剖感到胆怯,这减少了他们的体验。这些发现共同表明,专家解剖的尸体比课堂上的尸体解剖更省时,对学习兽医解剖学总体上也更有效。
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引用次数: 0
The Importance Characteristics for Veterinary Workplace Clinical Training (WCT) in a Distributive Curriculum, from the Perspectives of Students, Academics, and Clinical Supervisors. 从学生、学者和临床督导的角度看分配式课程中兽医工作场所临床培训(WCT)的重要性特征。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0041
Jennifer Routh, Sharmini Julita Paramasivam, Peter Cockcroft, Vishna Devi Nadarajah, Kamalan Jeevaratnam

Veterinary students, academics, and clinical supervisors are likely to have different perspectives on what it takes to be prepared for workplace clinical training (WCT). Differing expectations could confuse students if they receive conflicting messages about the skills and attributes to which they should aspire. Furthermore, they may struggle to engage with the affordances that workplaces provide for learning if unprepared. Using a survey, we ranked 91 preparedness characteristics and seven preparedness themes for WCT for importance, according to clinical supervisors, academics, and final-year veterinary students before and after undergoing WCT in a UK veterinary school employing a distributive model of WCT. Statistical analyses were used to determine 1) rank alignment and 2) significant differences in characteristic and theme rank among groups. The correlation among characteristic rankings was strongest between students and clinical supervisors, and weakest between clinical supervisors and academics. Honesty, integrity and dependability was the most important characteristic for students and clinical supervisors, whereas students' awareness that perfection is not expected was the most important characteristic for academics. The "knowledge" theme was ranked as significantly more important for academics compared to students pre-WCT. Therefore, differences in the expectations of students starting WCT have been demonstrated in this study. As the educational setting transitions from "classroom to clinic", academics and students must adapt their notions of preparedness to align with conceptions of learning and teaching in the workplace, while supervisors should be mindful of students' pre-existing expectations. Continuous communication and expectation alignment are necessary for a cohesive curriculum strategy.

兽医专业的学生、学者和临床导师很可能对工作场所临床培训(WCT)的准备工作有不同的看法。如果学生们收到的有关他们应追求的技能和特质的信息相互矛盾,那么不同的期望可能会让他们感到困惑。此外,如果没有做好准备,他们可能会难以利用工作场所提供的学习机会。通过一项调查,我们根据英国一所兽医学校的临床督导、学者和兽医专业毕业班学生在接受WCT分配模式前后的情况,对91个准备特征和7个WCT准备主题的重要性进行了排序。统计分析用于确定:1)等级一致性;2)组间特征和主题等级的显著差异。学生与临床督导之间的特征排名相关性最强,而临床督导与学者之间的相关性最弱。诚实、正直和可靠是学生和临床督导最重要的特征,而学生认识到不要求完美是学术界最重要的特征。对学术界而言,"知识 "这一主题的重要性明显高于 WCT 前的学生。因此,在本研究中,学生对开始 WCT 的期望出现了差异。随着教育环境从 "教室到诊所 "的过渡,学者和学生必须调整他们的准备观念,使之与工作场所的学习和教学观念相一致,而督导人员则应注意学生已有的期望。持续的沟通和期望值调整对于协调一致的课程策略是必要的。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Implementation of a Veterinary Spectrum of Care Clinical Rotation Aligned with the CBVE Model. 开发和实施与 CBVE 模式相一致的兽医整体护理临床轮转。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0020
Emma K Read, Michelle Wisecup, Lindsay Cuciak, Michelle Matusicky, Kristen Miles, Joe Snyder, Hillary Wentworth, Karin Zuckerman, Roger B Fingland

Spectrum of care (SOC) has recently been described in the literature, yet it is not an entirely new concept within the veterinary profession. Practitioners in general veterinary practice have long needed to provide a broad range of unique care options for their patients and clients, particularly those for whom referral is not possible. More recently, graduates and their employers have reported that new veterinarians often lack the competence and confidence to provide a broad array of care options, while training in ever more specialized tertiary-referral environments. To better prepare veterinary learners to cope with the variable nature of general veterinary practice and to better meet employer demands, The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine purposefully backward designed learning experiences in a new outcomes-based curriculum so that SOC is emphasized and aligned with the foundation offered by the Competency-Based Veterinary Education (CBVE) model. A unique set of subcompetencies and educational goals were collaboratively developed and used to define a new final year rotation, with additional input provided by an advisory panel of practicing SOC veterinarians from private practice. Ideal caseload characteristics, case numbers, appointment length, daily activities, and other elements were defined, and final year student performance was monitored during implementation to assess progress in meeting key developmental milestones. Incorporating spectrum of care training at The Ohio State University shows promise for developing confidence and competence in new graduates, while also increasing their skills, and perhaps improving their mental health.

最近有文献对 "护理频谱"(Spectrum of Care,SOC)进行了描述,但它在兽医行业内并非一个全新的概念。长期以来,普通兽医从业者一直需要为病人和客户,尤其是无法转诊的病人和客户,提供广泛的独特护理选择。最近,毕业生和他们的雇主反映,新兽医往往缺乏能力和信心,无法提供广泛的护理选择,同时又要在更加专业化的三级转诊环境中接受培训。为了让兽医学员更好地应对普通兽医实践的多变性,并更好地满足雇主的需求,俄亥俄州立大学兽医学院特意在基于成果的新课程中向后设计了学习经验,以强调SOC,并与基于能力的兽医教育(CBVE)模式所提供的基础保持一致。我们合作开发了一套独特的子能力和教育目标,并将其用于定义新的毕业年级轮转课程,来自私人诊所的SOC执业兽医顾问团也提供了额外的意见。理想的病例量特征、病例数量、预约时间、日常活动和其他要素均已确定,在实施过程中对最后一年学生的表现进行了监控,以评估他们在达到关键发展里程碑方面的进展情况。在俄亥俄州立大学纳入全方位护理培训有望培养新毕业生的信心和能力,同时提高他们的技能,或许还能改善他们的心理健康。
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引用次数: 0
Landmark Positioning on a Map: An Alternative Measure of Spatial Ability for Identifying Students Who May Benefit From Learning Gross Anatomy with Virtual Reality. 地图上的地标定位:一种空间能力的替代测量方法,用于识别可能从利用虚拟现实技术学习大体解剖学中受益的学生。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0011
Jason F Martin, Andrea Linton, Gwendolyn Rose Svenson, Andrew C Garrett, Damon W Mango, Paulina M Svec, Christianne Magee

Research has shown an inconsistent relationship between spatial abilities and learning outcomes from virtual anatomical tools. Instructors must understand this relationship to select appropriate resources for diverse learners. To identify appropriate tests for measuring spatial ability and evaluate the effectiveness of virtual anatomical resources, this study compared 96 students' visuospatial ability (measured using the Mental Rotation Task [MRT] and Landmark Position on a Map [LPM] tests) with learning outcomes from experimental anatomy sessions and undergraduate anatomical course examinations. During experimental sessions, students took a test after a brief instructional session using one virtual resource: a monoscopic resource (e.g., digital photographs or a rotatable three-dimensional [r3D] specimen) or a stereoscopic virtual reality (VR) specimen. A negative linear relationship was found between MRT scores and students in Session B using VR with controllers (r = -.56 to -.29), and LPM scores and students using VR (r = -.71 to .39) and r3D (r = -.41 to .43). There was a positive linear relationship between MRT scores and all other resources (r = .01 to .91), and course examination scores (r = .25 to .42, p = .05). Although the results were inconsistent, correlations were found between spatial ability and outcomes using both the MRT and LPM. The LPM might be better suited for determining which learners would benefit from VR. The results suggest that monoscopic resources best support high spatial abilities, and stereoscopic resources best support low spatial abilities. These findings support accounting for diverse learner visuospatial abilities when selecting resources.

研究表明,空间能力与虚拟解剖工具的学习效果之间的关系并不一致。教师必须了解这种关系,才能为不同的学习者选择合适的资源。为了确定测量空间能力的适当测试并评估虚拟解剖资源的有效性,本研究比较了 96 名学生的视觉空间能力(使用心理旋转任务 [MRT] 和地图上地标位置 [LPM] 测试测量)与解剖学实验课程和本科解剖学课程考试的学习成果。在实验课程中,学生在使用一种虚拟资源(单镜像资源(如数码照片或可旋转的三维标本)或立体虚拟现实(VR)标本)进行简短教学后进行测试。在使用带控制器的 VR 的 B 节中,MRT 分数与学生之间呈负线性关系(r = -.56 至 -.29),LPM 分数与使用 VR 的学生之间呈负线性关系(r = -.71 至 0.39),与使用 r3D 的学生之间呈负线性关系(r = -.41 至 0.43)。MRT 分数与所有其他资源(r = 0.01 至 0.91)和课程考试成绩(r = 0.25 至 0.42,p = 0.05)之间呈正线性关系。虽然结果不一致,但使用 MRT 和 LPM 发现空间能力与结果之间存在相关性。LPM 可能更适合确定哪些学习者将从 VR 中受益。结果表明,单视资源最能支持高空间能力,而立体资源最能支持低空间能力。这些结果支持在选择资源时考虑学习者不同的视觉空间能力。
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引用次数: 0
"Microbiology can be . . . " Student Competition to Develop Resources about Infectious Diseases that Improve Health Literacy. "微生物学可以是......。...... "学生为提高健康素养而开发传染病相关资源的竞赛。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2023-0143
Maria Luisa Marenzoni, Raoul Ciappelloni

The European Association of Establishments for Veterinary Education emphasizes the importance of communication skills and teamwork for student success in clinical practice. Traditionally, many veterinary curricula lacked standardized formal training in acquiring these essential skills. Effective communication and collaborative teamwork are not only crucial for fulfilling the clinical responsibilities of the veterinary profession but also play a pivotal role in the broader societal context. Veterinarians, in their social role, serve as scientific communicators for the community. This role involves conveying scientific concepts, even complex ones, with a particular emphasis on their significance for public health, reaching a diverse audience. Currently, there is a growing public health necessity to improve health literacy, which refers to the ability to access, understand, appraise, and use information to support healthy choices by society, especially for topics like infectious diseases and vaccination. This became more evident during the global COVID-19 pandemic. This teaching tip describes the development, organization, and broad outcomes of a student competition introduced during a standard veterinary medicine course to design novel resources on microbiology and infectious disease-enhancing health literacy. Three separate events were organized during the academic years 2020-2023. The third-year veterinary medicine students attending the 3-month course on infectious diseases of small animals participated in a student competition aimed at promoting creativity and innovation. Their task was to develop novel resources that delivered informative content to the public concerning microbiology and infectious diseases. Participation was voluntary and students participated in groups of 5-6. Overall, 125 students created 22 projects on microbiology and infectious diseases that were able to enhance health literacy. This approach allowed students to engage with the content and convey foundational knowledge to others in an easily accessible way. This skill of communicating with the public using easy-to-understand language is essential for success in the veterinary medicine profession. The resources produced, such as drawings, comics, games, and videos, constitute informative sources. Thus, they were published online on a scientific journal to disseminate knowledge of infectious diseases to a broader audience.

欧洲兽医教育机构协会(European Association of Establishments for Veterinary Education)强调,沟通技能和团队合作对于学生在临床实践中取得成功至关重要。传统上,许多兽医课程缺乏掌握这些基本技能的标准化正规培训。有效的沟通和团队协作不仅对履行兽医专业的临床职责至关重要,而且在更广泛的社会背景下也发挥着举足轻重的作用。兽医在社会中扮演着科学传播者的角色。这一角色包括向不同的受众传达科学概念,即使是复杂的概念,并特别强调其对公共卫生的意义。目前,公共卫生领域越来越需要提高健康素养,即获取、理解、评估和使用信息的能力,以支持社会做出健康的选择,尤其是在传染病和疫苗接种等方面。这一点在 COVID-19 全球大流行期间变得更加明显。本教学提示介绍了在标准兽医学课程中引入的学生竞赛的发展、组织和广泛成果,该竞赛旨在设计有关微生物学和传染病的新资源,以提高健康素养。2020-2023 学年期间组织了三次不同的活动。参加为期 3 个月的小动物传染病课程的兽医学三年级学生参加了旨在促进创造力和创新的学生竞赛。他们的任务是开发新颖的资源,向公众提供有关微生物学和传染病的信息内容。学生自愿参加,每 5-6 人一组。总共有 125 名学生制作了 22 个关于微生物学和传染病的项目,这些项目能够提高健康素养。这种方法使学生能够参与到内容中,并以一种易于理解的方式向他人传达基础知识。这种用通俗易懂的语言与公众交流的技能对于在兽医行业取得成功至关重要。制作的图画、漫画、游戏和视频等资源构成了信息来源。因此,这些作品在科学杂志上在线发表,向更广泛的受众传播传染病知识。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a Competency-Based Veterinary Education Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Justice Domain. 开发基于能力的兽医教育多样性、公平、包容和公正领域。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0006
Stephen D Cole, Bobbi J Conner, Ricardo de Matos, Danielle M Meritet, Florina S Tseng

A group of veterinary educators with diverse backgrounds and interests from five universities in the northeastern region of the United States convened in December 2020 to address challenges in diversity, equity, inclusion, and justice (DEIJ) in veterinary education. It was elected to develop a DEIJ-specific competency domain to supplement the nine domains previously described in the Competency-Based Veterinary Education framework. The domain that we created provides a detailed but flexible roadmap that can be used to guide curriculum-development initiatives that support learner development in DEIJ and, as a result, enhance their impact in working teams and the communities in which they will live and practice. However, we anticipate that this domain will be regularly updated to stay relevant with respect to social change and veterinary medicine.

2020 年 12 月,来自美国东北部地区五所大学、具有不同背景和兴趣的兽医教育工作者组成了一个小组,以应对兽医教育中的多样性、公平、包容和公正(DEIJ)挑战。会议决定开发一个专门针对多样性、公平、包容和公正(DEIJ)的能力领域,以补充之前在 "基于能力的兽医教育 "框架中描述的九个领域。我们创建的这个领域提供了一个详细但灵活的路线图,可用于指导课程开发活动,支持学习者在DEIJ方面的发展,从而增强他们在工作团队以及他们将生活和实践的社区中的影响力。不过,我们预计这一领域将定期更新,以保持与社会变革和兽医学的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of veterinary medical education
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