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An Investigation of Veterinary College Websites in the US and Canada: Representations and Content of Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion. 美国和加拿大兽医学院网站调查:美国和加拿大兽医学院网站调查:公平、多样性和包容性的表现和内容。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0007
Kassandra M Dusome, Deep K Khosa, Lisa M Greenhill, Jennifer E McWhirter, Elizabeth A Stone

University websites are often a first point of contact for prospective students. Portrayals of diversity on the website can influence current and future students' perceptions. Using content and statistical analysis, all 38 veterinary college websites in Canada and the US were systematically coded for representations of people in photos and content related to equity, diversity, and inclusion (EDI). In both Canada and the United States, people perceived as male or Black, Indigenous, and/or People of Color (BIPOC) were more likely to be portrayed without animals, and fewer photos with males depicted engagement in an activity compared with those depicting females. Compared with the self-identified data reported by US colleges to the American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges, BIPOC students were under-depicted by approximately 16.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 11.1%-21.7%) on some college websites and over-depicted on others by approximately 23.4% (95% CI = 15.4%-31.2%). A land acknowledgment or a link for a land acknowledgment was found on only six websites (16%). These results provide evidence and support that veterinary colleges should monitor their websites for depictions of people and content related to EDI, providing the opportunity to attract a diverse student audience.

大学网站通常是未来学生的第一接触点。网站上对多样性的描述会影响当前和未来学生的看法。通过内容和统计分析,我们对加拿大和美国所有 38 所兽医学院的网站进行了系统编码,以确定照片中的人物形象以及与公平、多样性和包容性(EDI)相关的内容。在加拿大和美国,被认为是男性或黑人、土著人和/或有色人种(BIPOC)的人更有可能被描绘成没有动物的人,与描绘女性的照片相比,描绘男性参与活动的照片更少。与美国大学向美国兽医学院协会(American Association of Veterinary Medical Colleges)报告的自我认同数据相比,一些大学网站对有色人种学生的描述不足,约为 16.3%(95% 置信区间 [CI] = 11.1%-21.7%),而另一些大学网站对有色人种学生的描述则过多,约为 23.4%(95% 置信区间 = 15.4%-31.2%)。只有六个网站(16%)上有土地确认或土地确认链接。这些结果提供了证据和支持,表明兽医学院应监控其网站上与EDI相关的人物和内容的描述,从而有机会吸引不同的学生受众。
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引用次数: 0
Exploring Veterinary Students' Perceptions of Teamwork and Learning from an Interprofessional Community-based Experience. 探索兽医专业学生对团队合作的看法以及从跨专业社区体验中学习的情况。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2023-0177
Rohini Roopnarine, Amy Blue, Amara H Estrada

The COVID-19 pandemic provided insight into the gaps provided by health care systems that could benefit from collaborative practice across the nexus of the animal and human health professions. The platform of Interprofessional Education (IPE), recognized as a pedagogical platform for delivering the principles of One Health, embodies the benefits of collaboration to address critical emerging public health issues, including the emergence of vector-borne zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance, food security and defense and the impacts of climatic change. A phenomenological methodology, which is used to understand individuals lived experience, elicited veterinary students' perceptions of the benefits of interprofessional learning. Veterinary students indicated that the interprofessional learning experience facilitated their development of critical skills, including adaptability, communication, mutual support and an awareness of the social determinants of health, which are critical for readying them for practice in a postpandemic world.

COVID-19 大流行让人们深入了解了医疗保健系统所存在的差距,这些差距可以从动物和人类健康专业之间的合作实践中受益。跨专业教育(IPE)平台被公认为是实现 "一体健康 "原则的教学平台,它体现了合作的益处,以解决关键的新兴公共卫生问题,包括病媒动物传染病的出现、抗菌素耐药性、食品安全和防御以及气候变化的影响。现象学方法用于了解个人的生活经验,该方法激发了兽医专业学生对跨专业学习益处的看法。兽医专业学生表示,跨专业学习经历促进了他们关键技能的发展,包括适应能力、沟通、相互支持以及对健康的社会决定因素的认识,这对于他们在流行病后的世界中做好实践准备至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Design and Application of an Evaluation Tool to Assess World Organization for Animal Health Competencies for Graduating (Day 1) Veterinarians. 设计并应用一种评估工具,以评估世界动物卫生组织的毕业(第 1 天)兽医的能力。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2023-0176
Armando E Hoet, Samantha Swisher, Suzanne Tomasi, Tsegaw Fentie, Achenef Melaku, Seleshe Nigatu, Araya Mengistu, Ashenafi Assefa, Jeanette O'Quin, Jason W Stull, Wondwossen Gebreyes, Christie T Hammons, Amanda Berrian

Graduating competent veterinarians with the appropriate knowledge and skills to support and strengthen their country's National Veterinary Services is a key priority for veterinary institutions globally. The World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) developed a set of Day 1 Competencies that should be expected of every veterinary graduate. Veterinary schools need to be able to assess the coverage of these competencies in their curriculum and determine the level of proficiency of their graduates. This article describes the iterative design and development process used to create a semi-quantitative, competency-based assessment survey. The Evaluation Tool for WOAH Day 1 Graduating Veterinarian Competencies is used as part of a stepwise process to systematically assess a veterinary curriculum regarding these competencies. This tool was developed and tested at the University of Gondar College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences in Ethiopia. The Evaluation Tool was successful in systematically collecting, measuring, and analyzing the perceptions of faculty, senior veterinary students, recent graduates, and external stakeholders about the level of proficiency of graduates in all 19 WOAH Day 1 Competencies. It was specifically designed to be used in conjunction with curriculum mapping to provide a full picture of how effectively these competencies were taught and identify gaps that needed to be addressed. This tool, the supporting resources, and the methodology are now globally accessible to all veterinary institutions, enabling them to revise and update their curricula and, ultimately, improve the training of the future veterinary workforce to support veterinary services in their respective countries.

培养具备相应知识和技能的合格兽医,以支持和加强本国的国家兽医服务,是全球兽医机构的主要优先事项。世界动物卫生组织(WOAH)制定了一套 "第一天能力",要求每位兽医毕业生都应具备这些能力。兽医学校需要能够评估这些能力在其课程中的覆盖范围,并确定毕业生的熟练程度。本文介绍了用于创建基于能力的半定量评估调查的迭代设计和开发过程。WOAH第1天兽医毕业生能力评估工具是系统评估兽医课程这些能力的逐步过程的一部分。埃塞俄比亚贡达尔大学兽医和动物科学学院开发并测试了这一工具。该评估工具成功地系统收集、测量和分析了教师、兽医专业高年级学生、应届毕业生和外部利益相关者对毕业生在所有 19 项 WOAH 第一天能力方面的熟练程度的看法。该工具专门设计用于与课程图谱相结合,以全面了解这些能力的教学效果,并找出需要解决的差距。现在,全球所有兽医机构都可以使用这一工具、辅助资源和方法,使它们能够修订和更新课程,最终改善未来兽医队伍的培训,为各自国家的兽医服务提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Structured Intervention of Early Term Preclinical Veterinary Students Experiencing Academic Peril Improves Academic Performance. 对遭遇学业危机的早期兽医临床前课程学生进行结构化干预可提高学习成绩。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0030
Ryan Cavanaugh, Hilari French, Natalie Robinson, Zahra Jacobs, Robert Gilbert

Veterinary medical students experiencing curricular challenges naturally look to their institution for resources to facilitate improvement in academic productivity. Academic remediation programs tend to be institution-specific, and their impact on student success is uncommonly interrogated using rigorous objective assessment. This study investigated the deployment of an academic development program (ADP) in the second semester of the Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) Program. The research focused on the impact of the ADP on student attrition, mean semester course grade improvements, and performance on the Veterinary Educational Assessment (VEA) examination. Performance metrics were compared between the ADP group and a control group (CG) of students from one semester ahead who were determined to be demographically equivalent and in the same class (bottom) quartile as the ADP group but did not have any structured academic remediation. The findings indicate that students participating in the ADP had less attrition and gradual increases in end-of-semester grades, such that by the beginning of their 5th semester, ADP students' grades were indistinguishable from upper quartiles in their class. This trend was not observed in the CG class with significant differences still present between the lower quartiles (i.e., CG) grades and the remainder of the class (p = .0046). ADP enrollment had a positive effect on VEA scores with mean scale score increased by 4.83 points (p = .017). This study provided the framework for a successful institutional academic remediation program that could be modeled at other institutions striving to bolster student support services.

兽医专业的学生在学习过程中遇到困难,自然会向所在院校寻求资源,以提高学习效率。学业补救计划往往是针对特定院校的,其对学生成功的影响很少通过严格的客观评估来检验。本研究调查了兽医学博士(DVM)课程第二学期学术发展计划(ADP)的部署情况。研究重点是 ADP 对学生减员、学期平均课程成绩提高和兽医教育评估 (VEA) 考试成绩的影响。研究比较了ADP组和对照组(CG)学生的成绩指标,对照组的学生来自前一个学期,在人口统计学上与ADP组相当,与ADP组处于同一班级(最低)四分位数,但没有接受任何有组织的学业辅导。研究结果表明,参加 ADP 的学生减员较少,学期末的成绩逐步提高,到第五学期开始时,ADP 学生的成绩与班级中上四分位数的学生没有区别。而 CG 班的学生则没有出现这种趋势,班级中较低的四分位数(即 CG)学生的成绩与班级中其他学生的成绩仍存在显著差异(p = .0046)。ADP 入学对 VEA 分数有积极影响,平均分提高了 4.83 分 (p = .017)。这项研究为成功的院校学业辅导计划提供了框架,其他院校也可借鉴该计划,努力加强学生支持服务。
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引用次数: 0
Teaching and Assessment of Clinical Reasoning Skills in a Case-Based Veterinary Cardiology Elective. 在基于病例的兽医心脏病学选修课中教授和评估临床推理技能。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0017
Corynn D Klehm, Aliye Karabulut-Ilgu, Melissa A Tropf

Clinical reasoning (CR) is an important clinical competency for effective veterinary practice. We hypothesized that implementing an explicit 7-week CR curriculum taught in a large-enrollment elective veterinary cardiology course would improve students' awareness of clinical reasoning principles, self-efficacy of CR skills, and application of CR principles in clinical case analyses. A secondary aim was to assess the impact of peer review as a means of providing feedback in a large classroom setting. A mixed method approach was used with veterinary students (N = 78) in a cardiology elective course meeting twice weekly for a half-semester (7 weeks). Course content included a 1-week introduction to CR led by the instructor and 6 weeks of instructor-facilitated, case-based learning. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected, including pre- and post-course surveys, weekly peer reviews for six clinical case assignments, and instructor-graded clinical cases for three case assignments. Students reported improved self-efficacy across all CR skill categories (p < .001) and significant improvement in applied CR skills was demonstrated in both peer- (p < .001) and instructor-graded assignments (p < .001). Peer reviews provided a means for students to reflect on and internalize CR skills, which may play a role in improved self-efficacy. In an elective cardiology course, implementing an explicit CR curriculum resulted in improved student awareness and self-efficacy of CR, as well as improved applied CR skills.

临床推理(CR)是兽医有效实践的一项重要临床能力。我们的假设是,在大量招生的兽医心脏病学选修课程中实施为期7周的明确临床推理课程,将提高学生对临床推理原则的认识、临床推理技能的自我效能以及在临床病例分析中对临床推理原则的应用。另一个目的是评估同行评议作为一种在大课堂环境中提供反馈的手段所产生的影响。在为期半个学期(7 周)、每周两次的心脏病学选修课上,兽医专业学生(N = 78)采用了混合方法。课程内容包括由教师主持的为期 1 周的 CR 介绍和为期 6 周的由教师主持的基于病例的学习。收集的定量和定性数据包括课前和课后调查、每周对 6 个临床案例作业的同行评议,以及教师对 3 个案例作业的临床案例评分。学生在所有临床实践技能类别中的自我效能感均有所提高(p < .001),在同行评议(p < .001)和教师评分(p < .001)的作业中,学生的临床实践应用技能均有显著提高。同行评议为学生提供了一种反思和内化 CR 技能的途径,这可能会在提高自我效能感方面发挥作用。在心脏病学选修课程中,实施明确的 CR 课程提高了学生对 CR 的认识和自我效能感,并提高了 CR 的应用技能。
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引用次数: 0
BRUSH Summer Research Program: Promoting Science Identity in Underrepresented Veterinary and Undergraduate Students. BRUSH 暑期研究计划:促进未被充分代表的兽医和本科生对科学的认同。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0045
Susan L Ewart, Benjamin E Maves, Omolade Latona, Lindsey Young, Vashti Sawtelle, Stephanie W Watts, Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan

While all facets of the health care workforce need to diversify, the veterinary profession lags behind in training students from underrepresented populations. The need to increase diversity among health care professionals is not limited to clinicians but extends to those generating new information through biomedical research. To address demographic disparities within the biomedical research community, we provide a summer research program for veterinary and undergraduate students from populations historically underrepresented in the biomedical workforce that is explicitly designed to foster science identity and subsequently increase participants' interest and success in pursuing biomedical research-related educational and career paths. We hypothesized that participation in this program would enhance science identity, confidence, and pursuit of research-related education and subsequent careers. Three validated survey instruments containing qualitative ordered rating scales were administered to program participants (N = 57) over the course of the summer in which they participated (2018-2022). Questions asked at two time points were analyzed with a repeated-measures linear mixed-effects model. Significant growth was reported in most topics surveyed over time. Many queries within gains, confidence, and science identity modules displayed significant increases over time or scored high in surveys at both time points. In addition, post-graduate educational and career outcomes were obtained for alumni (N = 130) of program years 2011-2023; their post-graduate enrollment rates (78%) markedly exceeded national norms. This multidimensional experiential research program, which holistically fosters professional networking and student confidence in research-related endeavors, provides quantifiable growth in research skills and science identity. These gains support students' persistence in research and biomedical-related educational and career paths.

虽然医护人员队伍的各个方面都需要多样化,但兽医行业在培养来自代表性不足人群的学生方面却落在后面。提高医疗保健专业人员多样性的需求不仅限于临床医生,还延伸到通过生物医学研究产生新信息的人员。为了解决生物医学研究界的人口结构差异问题,我们为兽医和本科生提供了一个暑期研究项目,这些学生来自生物医学劳动力中历来代表性不足的人群,该项目明确旨在培养科学认同感,进而提高参与者追求生物医学研究相关教育和职业道路的兴趣和成功率。我们的假设是,参加这项计划将增强科学认同感、自信心、对研究相关教育和后续职业的追求。我们在项目参与者(57 人)参加的暑期项目(2018-2022 年)期间,向他们发放了三份经过验证的调查问卷,其中包含定性有序的评分量表。在两个时间点提出的问题采用重复测量线性混合效应模型进行分析。据报告,随着时间的推移,大多数调查主题都有显著增长。收益、信心和科学认同模块中的许多询问随着时间的推移有了显著增长,或者在两个时间点的调查中得分都很高。此外,还获得了 2011-2023 年的校友(人数 = 130)的研究生教育和职业成果;他们的研究生入学率(78%)明显超过了全国标准。这项多维度的体验式研究计划全面促进了专业网络建设,增强了学生对研究相关工作的信心,使学生的研究技能和科学认同感得到了可量化的提高。这些进步有助于学生坚持研究和生物医学相关的教育和职业道路。
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引用次数: 0
Attitudes, Experience, and Self-Confidence of Veterinary and Veterinary Nursing Students in Small Animal Dentistry: A Survey Study. 兽医和兽医护理专业学生对小动物牙科的态度、经验和自信心:调查研究。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2023-0183
Mikkel Abildgaard, Maja Kron, Tilda Carlund, Karolina Brunius Enlund

Dental issues are extremely common in dogs and cats, underscoring the importance of veterinary professionals' knowledge in dentistry. Nevertheless, dental problems are currently often underdiagnosed and, consequently, undertreated. This study investigated the attitudes, experiences, and self-confidence of veterinary (V) and veterinary nursing (VN) students in their final two years of study in small animal dentistry. An online questionnaire was distributed, and responses were received from 61% of V students (n = 94) and 41% of VN students (n = 72). The majority of both V students (61%) and VN students (69%) expressed a desire for more education in small animal dentistry. Furthermore, a minority of V students (20%) and VN students (22%) felt adequately prepared for their first day in practice after graduation. Less than half of the students (V 44% and VN 38%) had participated in a practical dental procedure outside training sessions. Self-confidence in small animal dentistry procedures was rated on a 0-10 scale. V students exhibited the highest confidence in teeth polishing (6.1) and removing tartar with ultrasonic scalers (6.0), while VN students were most confident in recognizing common oral/dental problems (6.0) and discussing dental issues with pet owners (5.3). Extra practical training significantly increased confidence in several dental procedures (p < .005). Despite positive attitudes, a notable proportion of V and VN students feel unprepared for their first day in practice, potentially stemming from insufficient training. Addressing these gaps through clear guidelines for Day One Competence and enhanced practical training is crucial, ultimately benefiting the well-being of small animals.

牙科问题在猫狗中极为常见,这凸显了兽医专业人员牙科知识的重要性。然而,牙科问题目前往往诊断不足,因而治疗不力。本研究调查了兽医(V)和兽医护理(VN)专业学生在小动物牙科最后两年学习中的态度、经验和自信心。研究发放了一份在线问卷,收到了61%的兽医学生(94人)和41%的兽医护理学生(72人)的回复。大多数兽医学生(61%)和兽医护士学生(69%)都表示希望获得更多的小动物牙科教育。此外,少数兽医专业学生(20%)和兽医师专业学生(22%)认为自己为毕业后第一天的实习做好了充分准备。只有不到一半的学生(兽医 44%,兽医 38%)在培训课程之外参加过实际牙科操作。对小动物牙科手术的自信心按 0-10 级评分。兽医学生在抛光牙齿(6.1)和使用超声波洗牙器去除牙垢(6.0)方面表现出最高的自信心,而兽医学生在识别常见口腔/牙齿问题(6.0)和与宠物主人讨论牙齿问题(5.3)方面最有信心。额外的实践培训大大提高了学生对几种牙科治疗程序的信心(p
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引用次数: 0
The Veterinary Student Survey on Patient Safety Culture (VSSPSC): A Quantitative and Qualitative Exploration of American Veterinary Students' Perceptions of Patient Safety Culture. 兽医学生患者安全文化调查(VSSPSC):美国兽医专业学生对患者安全文化认知的定量和定性调查。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0038
Lydia Love, Trevor Patten, Erik H Hofmeister, Regina M Schoenfeld-Tacher, Anne C McLaughlin

Patient safety culture (PSC) is a multidimensional construct that reflects the way healthcare organizations promote safe patient care. Veterinary students are explicitly and implicitly indoctrinated into organizational cultures and will carry these attitudes and behaviors into their future work. In this study, we evaluated the psychometric properties of a PSC survey among veterinary students in the United States and investigated their attitudes toward PSC. Exploratory factor analysis identified factors that explained portions of the variance in responses. Importantly, the measures derived from those factors predicted the likelihood of a student mentioning a negative experience/opinion regarding error reporting. Most students reported receiving explicit training in communication, but coursework in other areas, such as human factors and safety culture, was uncommon. Veterinary students generally reported high levels of agreement with the tenets of patient safety science, though some items demonstrated wide variation in responses, underscoring the need for more uniform incorporation of education in veterinary PSC.

患者安全文化(PSC)是一个多维度的概念,反映了医疗机构促进患者安全护理的方式。兽医专业学生明里暗里都会受到组织文化的熏陶,并将这些态度和行为带到今后的工作中。在本研究中,我们评估了美国兽医专业学生 PSC 调查的心理测量特性,并调查了他们对 PSC 的态度。探索性因子分析确定了能解释部分回答差异的因子。重要的是,从这些因素中得出的测量结果可以预测学生提及有关错误报告的负面经历/观点的可能性。大多数学生表示接受过明确的沟通培训,但其他方面的课程,如人为因素和安全文化,并不常见。兽医专业学生普遍对患者安全科学的原则表示高度认同,但有些项目的回答差异很大,这说明需要更加统一地将教育纳入兽医患者安全科学。
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引用次数: 0
A Need for Targeted Teaching of Shared Decision-Making as Identified from an Assessment of Client-Centered Communication Skills Training with Companion Animal Veterinarians. 对伴侣动物兽医以客户为中心的沟通技巧培训进行评估后发现,需要有针对性地教授共同决策。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2024-0016
Natasha Janke, Jane R Shaw, Jason B Coe

Shared decision-making has been increasingly discussed as a communication practice within veterinary medicine, and it is gaining more traction for diagnostic and treatment planning conversations and specifically offering a spectrum of care. This teaching tip describes the data from an investigation of veterinarians' shared decision-making in a pre-test/post-test communication skills training intervention that used a client-centered, skills-based communication approach. Practice teams from a purposive sample of four companion animal veterinary clinics in Texas participated in a 15-month communication skills intervention, including interactive group workshops and one-on-one communication coaching. To assess the outcome of the intervention, for nine participating veterinarians, appointments recorded pre- (= 85) and post-intervention (=  85) were analyzed using the Observer OPTION 5 instrument to assess shared decision-making. The intervention effect was evaluated using mixed logistic regression, adjusting for appointment type. The communication intervention did not significantly impact participating veterinarians' demonstration of shared decision-making (pre = 25.42, = 55; post = 28.03, = 56; = 0.36). Appointment type was significantly associated with veterinarians' OPTION 5 scores (= .0004) and health problem appointments (OPTION 5 = 30.07) demonstrated greater shared decision-making than preventive care appointments (OPTION 5 = 22.81). Findings suggest that client-centered, skills-based training traditionally used in veterinary curricula and continuing education may not foster the use of shared decision-making, which is a higher-order communication approach that may require a dedicated process-oriented training. This teaching tip highlights the need for a targeted stepwise approach to teach shared decision-making.

共同决策作为兽医学中的一种沟通实践,已经得到越来越多的讨论,它在诊断和治疗计划对话中,特别是在提供全面护理方面,正获得越来越多的关注。本教学提示介绍了一项调查数据,调查内容是兽医在采用以客户为中心、以技能为基础的沟通方法进行的沟通技能培训干预中的前测/后测共享决策。来自德克萨斯州四家伴侣动物兽医诊所的特定样本实践团队参加了为期15个月的沟通技巧干预,包括互动小组研讨会和一对一沟通辅导。为了评估干预的效果,我们使用观察者 OPTION 5 工具分析了九名参与干预的兽医在干预前(n = 85)和干预后(n = 85)的预约记录,以评估共同决策。使用混合逻辑回归评估了干预效果,并对预约类型进行了调整。沟通干预并未对参与的兽医展示共同决策产生明显影响(前=25.42,n=55;后=28.03,n=56;p=0.36)。预约类型与兽医的 OPTION 5 分数有明显关联(p = 0.0004),健康问题预约(OPTION 5 = 30.07)比预防性护理预约(OPTION 5 = 22.81)更能体现共同决策。研究结果表明,兽医课程和继续教育中传统使用的以客户为中心、以技能为基础的培训可能无法促进共同决策的使用,而共同决策是一种高阶沟通方法,可能需要专门的以过程为导向的培训。这一教学提示强调了有针对性地逐步教授共同决策的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Evaluation of a Surgical Simulator and Assessment Rubric for Standing Castration of the Horse. 开发和评估马匹站立阉割手术模拟器和评估标准。
IF 1.1 3区 农林科学 Q3 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES Pub Date : 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.3138/jvme-2023-0131
Helen R Braid

In veterinary education, simulators are models or devices that can imitate a real patient or scenario and allow students to practice skills without the need for live patients. Castration is a common surgical procedure in all species, and the standing, open technique is frequently performed in horses. Although a simulator has been developed for equine closed castration, a simulator for standing castration in the horse has not yet been described. This two-part study focused on the design, creation, and evaluation of a simulator for teaching standing castration in the horse. A low-technology simulator was created using molded silicone testicles, cohesive bandage, stockings, and socks. A rubric was created for assessing performance using the simulator. Participants were recruited from three groups: university academic staff members (n = 12, majority equine veterinarians), equine veterinarians working in private practice (n = 9), and final-year veterinary students (n = 28). Each group tested the simulator while being graded using the developed rubric, and participants completed an anonymous online feedback questionnaire. Feedback was positive overall, with 98% of respondents (n = 48/49) stating that the model would be a useful addition to the veterinary curriculum. Furthermore, 100% of students reported that using the simulator increased their confidence in performing standing castration in horses. Evaluation of the model included assessment of responses from veterinarians and students regarding realism and usefulness of the simulator, comparison of rubric scores between veterinarians and students, and assessment of the reliability of the rubric. Median student rubric score was significantly lower than qualified veterinarians (p < .001), and Cronbach's alpha demonstrated that there was adequate internal reliability in rubric scoring (α = .85). It was determined that the simulator is effective for teaching the steps of the surgical procedure and for increasing student confidence.

在兽医教育中,模拟器是一种可以模仿真实病人或场景的模型或装置,让学生在不需要活体病人的情况下练习技能。阉割是所有物种的常见外科手术,马匹常采用站立式开放技术。虽然已经开发出了用于马匹闭合阉割术的模拟器,但用于马匹站立阉割术的模拟器尚未见报道。本研究由两部分组成,重点是设计、创建和评估用于马匹站立阉割教学的模拟器。使用模制硅胶睾丸、粘合绷带、丝袜和袜子制作了一个低技术模拟器。制作了一个评分标准,用于评估使用模拟器的表现。参与者分为三组:大学学术人员(12 人,大部分为马兽医)、在私人诊所工作的马兽医(9 人)和兽医专业毕业班学生(28 人)。每个小组都对模拟器进行了测试,同时使用开发的评分标准进行评分,参与者填写匿名在线反馈问卷。总体反馈是积极的,98% 的受访者(n = 48/49)表示该模型将成为兽医课程的有益补充。此外,100% 的学生表示,使用模拟器增强了他们对马匹站立阉割的信心。对模型的评估包括评估兽医和学生对模拟器真实性和实用性的反应、兽医和学生的评分比较以及评分标准可靠性的评估。学生评分的中位数明显低于合格的兽医(p < .001),Cronbach's alpha 表明评分标准有足够的内部可靠性(α = .85)。实验结果表明,模拟器能有效地教授手术步骤并增强学生的信心。
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Journal of veterinary medical education
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