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Activation of Durian Skin Biomass with H2SO4 Activator on the Absorption of Lead from its Solution H2SO4活化剂活化榴莲皮生物质对溶液中铅的吸收
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2023.v12.i1.pp44-51
Fahrul Riski, I. Said, Afadil Afadil, P. Ningsih
Research has been carried out on the bioabsorption of lead (Pb) using durian skin biomass (Durio zibethinus) which has been activated using an H2SO4 activator. The durian skin sample used was durian skin from Central Sulawesi. The processing technique to remove lead (Pb) from liquid waste was carried out by an adsorption process. The adsorption process is an effective purification and separation technique used in industry because it is more economical and simple in treating wastewater and is a technique that is often used to reduce metal ions in wastewater. This study aims to determine the mass and contact time of the adsorption of Pb by durian skin biomass. Determination of the adsorbed metal used atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The results obtained showed that the optimal Pb ion adsorption occurred at a weight of 2.5 grams with an absorption capacity of 99.94 %. While the optimal Pb ion adsorption occurred at a contact time of 40 minutes with an absorption capacity of 99.94 %
以硫酸活化剂活化的榴莲皮为原料,研究了其对铅的生物吸收。所使用的榴莲皮样本来自苏拉威西岛中部。采用吸附法研究了废液中铅的脱除工艺。吸附法处理废水经济、简单,是工业上常用的一种有效的净化分离技术,是减少废水中金属离子的常用技术。本研究旨在测定榴莲皮生物量吸附铅的质量和接触时间。原子吸收分光光度法测定吸附金属。结果表明,吸附Pb离子的最佳质量为2.5 g,吸附量为99.94%。吸附Pb离子的最佳时间为接触时间40 min,吸附量为99.94%
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引用次数: 0
Learning Difficulties and Students' Ability Level During Pandemic Covid-19 on The Subject of Thermochemistry 新冠肺炎大流行期间学生热化学学习困难与能力水平
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2023.v12.i1.pp26-31
Rizza R. T. Agustina, Afadil Afadil, Sitti Rahmawati, V. Tiwow
This study aims to identify learning difficulties learning experienced by students on the subject thermochemistry in class XI IPA SMA Negeri 8 Palu during the Covid-19 pandemic for the 2021 / 2022 school year. The instruments used in this study are thermochemistry tests, questionnaires, and interviews. The result showed students’ difficulties in the subject thermochemistry in class XI IPA was 60 %, the highest difficulty of students is found in the thermochemistry test of calculating the heat of the type of compound, calculating enthalpy changes, and formulating steps and hypotheses of an experiment. The difficulty is indicated by the low level of student comprehension of 54 %, medium 43 %, and high 3 % with an average of 30%. Furthermore, the difficulty of students in participating in chemistry learning during the Covid-19 pandemic is technical difficulties with a percentage of 65.92 %, difficulties in implementing learning with a percentage 0f 65.44 %, and external difficulties (environment and parents) with a percentage of 52.92 %. based on these results, the learning difficulties experienced by students during chemistry learning thermochemistry subjects during the Covid-19 pandemic include students often being constrained by signals and quotas to access materials on the internet and do not have student handbooks to study at home, difficulty understanding chemistry concepts because teacher explanations are elusive, students are not active in participating in learning because chemistry learning during the pandemic is not interesting, can’t afford chemistry books and quotas also parents don’t provide motivation and students are often lazy to do assignments because no one helps with doing. The result of this study indicates that the level of students' difficulties learning about thermochemistry is a quite high category with a low level of student ability and students agree that it is difficult to study chemistry during the pandemic Covid-19.
本研究使用的工具是热化学测试、问卷调查和访谈。学生的理解难度表现为:低理解水平为54%,中等理解水平为43%,高理解水平为3%,平均为30%。此外,新冠肺炎疫情期间学生参与化学学习的困难为技术困难(65.92%)、实施困难(65.44%)和外部困难(环境和家长)(52.92%)。基于这些结果,在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,学生在化学学习热化学科目时遇到的学习困难包括:学生往往受到信号和配额的限制,无法从互联网上获取材料,家中没有学生手册可以学习;由于教师的解释难以理解,学生难以理解化学概念;学生不积极参与学习,因为大流行期间的化学学习并不有趣,买不起化学书和配额,父母也不提供动力,学生往往懒得做作业,因为没有人帮助他们做作业。本研究结果表明,学生热化学学习困难程度较高,学生能力水平较低,学生一致认为在新冠肺炎疫情期间学习化学困难。
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引用次数: 0
Cross-Sectional Survey: The Influence of Various Teacher Backgrounds on West Kalimantan Chemistry TPACK Teachers 横断面调查:不同教师背景对西加里曼丹化学TPACK教师的影响
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2023.v12.i1.pp1-12
Ninda Permasari, N. Nahadi, H. Hernani
This study aims to examine teachers' perceptions of their Technological Pedagogical and Content Knowledge (TPACK) about age, gender, length of teaching, work location, teacher status, teacher education, and certification programs. This study used a cross-sectional survey method used in non-experimental quantitative research. The population in this study were all chemistry teachers in West Kalimantan using a purposive sampling technique obtain 70 to respondents from 14 districts. The survey consisted of 28 statement items and distributed questionnaires via Google form to chemistry teachers. Chemistry teachers rated themselves on a 5-point scale. All domains of the TPACK framework demonstrated valid and reliable instruments on Pearson's correlation values and Cronbach's Alpha Kruskal Wallis non-parametric test, Pearson's correlation was performed to analyze the data. Significant differences can be seen in the CK domain when viewed from gender differences with a p for CK of 0.044, so there is a significant difference between the gender of women (Mean = 4.08 SD = 0.416) and men (Mean = 4.32 SD = 0.470). Location of work affects the teacher's TCK and TPACK because there is a significant difference when viewed from the p namely the TCK and TPACK of 0.036 and 0.025. Perceptions of teachers' TPACK abilities were greater for teachers in cities than in villages in both the TCK domain (Mean = 3.58; 3.82 SD = 0.430; 0.466) and TPACK (Mean = 3.63; 3.91 SD = 0.483; 0.554).
本研究旨在探讨教师对其技术教学与内容知识(TPACK)的认知,包括年龄、性别、教学时间、工作地点、教师地位、教师教育和认证计划。本研究采用非实验定量研究中的横断面调查方法。本研究的人群均为西加里曼丹的化学教师,采用有目的抽样的方法,从14个地区获得了70名受访者。该调查由28个陈述项目组成,并通过谷歌表格向化学教师发放问卷。化学老师给自己打分为5分。TPACK框架的所有域在Pearson相关值和Cronbach's Alpha - Kruskal Wallis非参数检验上都证明了有效和可靠的工具,使用Pearson相关来分析数据。从性别差异来看,CK域存在显著性差异,CK的p值为0.044,说明女性(Mean = 4.08 SD = 0.416)与男性(Mean = 4.32 SD = 0.470)之间存在显著性差异。工作地点影响教师的TCK和TPACK,因为从p来看,即TCK和TPACK分别为0.036和0.025,存在显著差异。在TCK领域,城市教师对教师TPACK能力的认知高于乡村教师(Mean = 3.58;3.82 sd = 0.430;0.466)和TPACK(平均值= 3.63;3.91 sd = 0.483;0.554)。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of the Concentration Ethylenediamine on Optical Properties of Carbon Dots from Jengkol Peel (Archinendron pauciflorum) 乙二胺浓度对柑桔果皮碳点光学性质的影响
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2023.v12.i1.pp20-25
A. S. Prayugo, M. Marpongahtun, S. Gea
Carbon dots (CDs) are a new member of fluorescent nano carbons that have attracted attention because of their potential applications derived from their optical, chemical, and electrical properties. CDs from jengkol peel via the solvothermal method at 200 oC for 7 h with the addition of ethylenediamine (EDA) as a heteroatom dopant have been successfully carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of concentration EDA on the optical properties of CDs for the possible reason. The results revealed that the CDs solution has fluorescence properties; that bluish-green glow can be observed under ultraviolet radiation (365 nm). The UV - Vis absorption peaks did not depend on the CDs concentration, but the absorbance intensity decreased with increasing EDA concentration. The best fluorescence properties were possessed by 10 % EDA in CDs which produced λex/λem of 370 nm / 518 nm, respectively, with a quantum yield of 42 %. The FTIR spectra of all samples showed that the CDs surface had functional groups such as carboxylic acids, hydroxyl, and amines. The obtained CDs have the potential to be used as heavy metal ion detectors, bioimaging, and antibacterial agents.
碳点(cd)是荧光纳米碳的新成员,由于其光学、化学和电学特性而受到广泛关注。用溶剂热法在200℃条件下,以乙二胺(EDA)为杂原子掺杂剂,成功地制备了菊芋皮的CDs。本研究旨在确定浓度EDA对CDs光学性能的影响,以寻找可能的原因。结果表明,CDs溶液具有荧光性质;这种蓝绿色的光可以在紫外线辐射(365纳米)下观察到。紫外-可见吸收峰与CDs浓度无关,但吸收强度随EDA浓度的增加而降低。10%的EDA在CDs中的荧光性能最好,λex/λem分别为370 nm / 518 nm,量子产率为42%。所有样品的FTIR光谱表明,CDs表面存在羧酸、羟基和胺等官能团。所获得的CDs具有应用于重金属离子探测器、生物成像和抗菌剂等方面的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Urang Aring (Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk) Leaf Extract as Natural Dyes for Making Pomade 乌朗阿林(黄花月食)叶提取物作为润发油的天然染料
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2023.v12.i1.pp32-38
Sri H. V. Pulukadang, Nurlaila Triutari
Dyes have an important role in the industrial sector to increase consumer interest in a product. Urang aring is a plant with color pigments that can be used as natural dyes. This study aims to utilize urang aring leaf extract as a natural hair dye for the manufacture of pomade by producing the quality of pomade preparations according to standards. The research method was carried out experimentally including: determining the water content and ash content of urang aring leaves and optimizing the time of dye extraction and storage of urang aring leaf extract using a UV - Vis spectrophotometer, then making pomade based on the formulation of urang aring leaf extract and beeswax, namely: formulation I (3:3), II (5:3), and III (10:3). Pomade quality test includes: organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, freeze-thaw test, and color stability test against sunlight. Based on the results of the study, it was found that urang aring leaf extract can be used as a natural dye for the manufacture of pomade with formulation III which meets the standards in the pomade quality test because it has a soft dense texture, blackish green color, and has no odor with a pH of 6 which is ideal for hair. Pomade formulation III also has a texture that does not separate at extreme temperatures and good color stability under direct sunlight for 5 hours.
染料在工业领域具有重要作用,可以提高消费者对产品的兴趣。乌龙苓是一种具有彩色色素的植物,可以用作天然染料。本研究旨在利用乌龙叶提取物作为天然染发剂,生产符合标准质量的润发制剂。实验研究方法为:用紫外可见分光光度计测定乌龙叶的含水量和灰分含量,并优化乌龙叶提取物的染料提取和保存时间,然后根据乌龙叶提取物和蜂蜡的配方,即配方I(3:3)、II(5:3)和III(10:3)制作润发油。油脂质量测试包括:感官测试、均匀性测试、pH值测试、冻融测试、抗日光色稳定性测试。根据研究结果发现,乌龙叶提取物可作为天然染料用于生产配方III的发油,该配方III质地柔软致密,颜色墨绿色,无异味,pH值为6,非常适合发质,符合发油质量测试标准。润发油配方III还具有在极端温度下不分离的质地,在阳光直射下5小时具有良好的颜色稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of the Levels of Ethanol Extract Flavonoid Compounds in Cocor Bebek (Kalanchoe Pinnata) Leaves using UV - Vis Spectrophotometer 紫外可见分光光度法分析山茱萸叶乙醇提取物中黄酮类化合物含量
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2023.v12.i1.pp65-70
Ulfana Tisman, S. Supriadi
Cocor bebek is a plant that is easy to cultivate in Indonesia. This cocor bebek contains chemical compounds such as steroids, alkaloids, glycosides, tannins, and flavonoids which have antioxidant properties. Research on the analysis of flavonoid levels in the leaves of cocor bebek (kalanchoe pinnata) has been carried out using the UV - Vis spectrophotometric method. This research aims to determine the levels of flavonoids in the ethanol extract of cocor bebek leaves. The extract of chemical content in cocor bebek leaves was carried out by maceration method using 70 % ethanol. The flavonoid content of the sample extract was measured by measuring the absorption at wavelengths of 510 nm and 700 nm. The results obtained in the qualitative test showed that the cocor bebek leaf extract was positive for flavonoids which were characterized by a change in color from brownish red to green. The results of the quantitative test showed that the flavonoid content in the cocor bebek leaf extract was 0.321 mg / 100 g.
椰菜是一种在印度尼西亚很容易种植的植物。这种椰汁含有类固醇、生物碱、糖苷、单宁和类黄酮等具有抗氧化特性的化合物。采用紫外-可见分光光度法对山楂叶中黄酮类化合物含量进行了分析研究。本研究旨在测定大豆叶乙醇提取物中黄酮类化合物的含量。采用70%乙醇浸渍法提取黄豆叶中化学成分。通过测定510 nm和700 nm波长处的吸光度来测定样品提取物的黄酮含量。定性试验结果表明,黄酮类化合物检测呈阳性,黄酮类化合物的颜色由棕红色变为绿色。定量测定结果表明,黄酮类化合物含量为0.321 mg / 100 g。
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引用次数: 0
APLIKASI ZAKAT, INFAK, SEDEKAH PADA BAZNAS BATANG HARI
Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.53564/akademika.v15i1.841
Pariyadi, Rike Limia Budiarti, Mei Della Refpriyani
Zakat is maliyah ijtima'iyyah worship which has a very important, strategic, and decisive position both in terms of Islamic teachings and in terms of developing the welfare of the people. zakat, infaq, and alms that come in, and data management carried out through Microsoft Excel will certainly take relatively longer time. In addition, the limited budget for existing funds makes BAZNAS experience problems in managing application. One solution to this problem is the creation of an application for zakat, infaq, and alms. Making this application more leverage than writing all incoming zakat, infaq, and alms data, and managing data through Microsoft Excel will certainly take relatively longer time. This financial integration system was built in four stages, namely requirements analysis, system design, implementation, and system testing with the PHP programming language framework, namely Laravel and PostgreSQL database. The features in this application are zakat calculators, payments, registrations and reports. This application provides added value, namely the management of zakat, infaq, and alms data to be faster and more accurate and is expected to help the performance of BAZNAS officers in Batanghari Regency.
天课是一种宗教崇拜,在伊斯兰教义和发展人民福利方面都具有非常重要的、战略性的和决定性的地位。zakat, infaq,和施舍,以及通过微软Excel进行的数据管理肯定会花费相对较长的时间。此外,现有资金的预算有限,使得BAZNAS在管理应用程序方面遇到了问题。解决这个问题的一个办法是创建一个天课、教法和施舍的应用程序。使这个应用程序比编写所有传入的zakat、infaq和alms数据以及通过Microsoft Excel管理数据更有效,肯定会花费相对较长的时间。本财务集成系统的构建分为需求分析、系统设计、实现、系统测试四个阶段,采用PHP编程语言框架,即Laravel和PostgreSQL数据库。在这个应用程序的功能是天课计算器,付款,注册和报告。该应用程序提供了附加价值,即管理天课,infaq和施舍数据更快,更准确,预计将有助于巴丹哈里县BAZNAS官员的表现。
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引用次数: 0
SISTEM INFORMASI INVENTORY BERBASIS WEB PADA CV. ESTIKA ADVERTISING 基于CV的WEB信息系统。ESTIKA广告
Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.53564/akademika.v15i1.836
Windy Adriana, Pariyadi, M. A. Prammudya
The development of technology today has helped humans in doing their work so that it becomes easier, faster and satisfying results. One of those technologies is the computer. Because by using a computer, office work can be completed properly, quickly, and the results are very satisfying. CV. Estika Advertising which is engaged in printing, the information system that runs is still manual in recording data. The information system to be built uses the HTML and PHP programming languages, and uses the MySQL database, XAMPP, and the Laravel framework. The system produced from this research is a web-based Inventory Information System at CV. Estika Advertising. Reports that will be generated from this system are in the form of stock reports, incoming goods reports, and outgoing goods reports. With this system, it is hoped that it can help make it easier for CV. Estika Advertising in recording and processing goods data.
今天科技的发展已经帮助人们在做他们的工作,使它变得更容易,更快和令人满意的结果。其中一项技术就是计算机。因为通过使用电脑,办公室工作可以正确、快速地完成,而且结果非常令人满意。简历。从事印刷的Estika Advertising,运行的信息系统在记录数据时仍然是手动的。构建的信息系统使用HTML和PHP编程语言,使用MySQL数据库、XAMPP和Laravel框架。本研究开发的系统是基于网络的CV库存信息系统。Estika广告。该系统将生成的报表有库存报表、进料报表和出料报表。有了这个系统,希望可以帮助CV更容易。广告在记录和处理商品数据。
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引用次数: 0
MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DALAM LANTUNAN AYAT SUCI AL-QUR’AN DENGAN PEMBAHASAN SURAH MAKKIYAH (SURAT PENDEK) PADA SD IT AL-MUTHMAINNAH 学习媒体在古兰经经文与对SD IT AL-MUTHMAINNAH的苏拉·马克耶(SURAH MAKKIYAH,短信)的讨论
Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.53564/akademika.v15i1.844
J. Surya, Windy Adriana, Ulfa Riana
Learning Tahfidz Qur'an in SD IT Al-Muthmainnah Jambi City has not been able to hold learning tahfidz / memorize Al-Qur'an effectively because the system used is not optimal. besides students get the material tahfidz, students are also given tajwid material. The material given is Al-Qur'an juz 30. Tahfidz Qur'an method of learning in SD IT Al-Muthmainnah Jambi City using a manual method. The given material is an optional rote and memorization. Memorization must be determined by the teacher Tahfidz Qur'an of each class. And the rote choice is memorization that has been achieved by each student. For that the authors make a computerized system design Learning Media using the application adobe flash cs 5 on SD IT Al-Muthmainnah Jambi City which aims to assist the school in providing materials in a more interesting way and make it easier for students to understand the lesson.
在SD IT Al-Muthmainnah占碑市学习塔菲兹古兰经并不能有效地进行塔菲兹学习/背诵古兰经,因为所使用的系统不是最佳的。除了学生得到塔菲兹的材料外,学生也得到塔菲兹的材料。给出的材料是《古兰经》第30章。Tahfidz古兰经学习方法在SD IT Al-Muthmainnah占碑市使用手工方法。所给的材料是可选的死记硬背。背诵必须由每个班级的老师来决定。而死记硬背的选择是每个学生已经完成的记忆。为此,作者在SD IT上使用adobe flash cs5应用程序设计了一个计算机化系统Learning Media,旨在帮助学校以更有趣的方式提供材料,使学生更容易理解课程。
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引用次数: 0
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PENERIMA BANTUAN SOSIAL KELUARGA KURANG MAMPU PADA KANTOR DESA MANDIANGIN TUO MENGGUNAKAN METODE TOPSIS 曼迪扬-托村办公室的支持家庭援助决策系统采用了TOPSIS的方法
Pub Date : 2022-11-30 DOI: 10.53564/akademika.v15i1.838
Sri Mulyati, Afrizal, Cherin Brilian Salsabila
Social assistance is assistance in the form of money, goods or services to individuals, groups, families, underprivileged communities which is carried out selectively in order to avoid social risks. The distribution of social assistance at the Mandiangin Tuo Village Office must be carried out properly, transparently, and organized so that it is given and accepted by the poor who really need it. Acceptance of this social assistance is done by selecting a list of prospective recipients according to predetermined criteria. To get the expected results, the Mandiangin Tuo Village Office requires a tool in the form of a decision support system for recipients of social assistance for underprivileged families. can be used as a guide in determining beneficiaries so that they are right on target. The method used in making this decision is TOPSIS (Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution). The Topsis method was chosen because this method determines the weight value of each attribute, then proceeds with a ranking process that will select the best alternative from a number of alternatives, in this case the alternative in question is the alternative determining recipient of social assistance for underprivileged families based on predetermined criteria. With this ranking method, it is hoped that the assessment will be more precise because it is based on predetermined criteria values ​​so as to get more accurate results in determining the recipients of social assistance for the poor.
社会援助是以金钱、商品或服务的形式向个人、团体、家庭、弱势社区提供的援助,这种援助是有选择性地进行的,以避免社会风险。在曼迪昂金村办事处,社会救助的分配必须正确、透明和有组织地进行,以便真正需要的穷人能够得到和接受。接受这种社会援助是通过根据预先确定的标准选择一份可能的接受者名单来完成的。为了达到预期的效果,曼迪安金村办公室需要一种工具,即为贫困家庭的社会援助受助人提供决策支持系统。可以用来作为确定受益人的指南,使他们正确的目标。在做这个决定时所使用的方法是TOPSIS(通过与理想解决方案相似来排序的技术)。选择Topsis方法是因为该方法确定每个属性的权重值,然后进行排序过程,从许多替代方案中选择最佳替代方案,在这种情况下,所讨论的替代方案是根据预先确定的标准确定贫困家庭社会援助接受者的替代方案。通过这种排名方法,由于它是基于预定的标准值,因此希望评估更加精确,从而在确定贫困人口的社会救助对象时获得更准确的结果。
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引用次数: 0
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