Pub Date : 2024-03-31DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.34-43
Jacqueline Rodrigues Magalhães, Maria Madalena Correia Figueiredo, Ana Beatriz Teófilo Macedo Dos Santos, Felipe Bergamasco Perri Cefali, Daniel de Oliveira Solfa, Rodolfo Basílio Madeira Neto, Sarah Gurgel Ponte Fontenelle, Marcelo Victor Fontenele Girão, Rafael Martins Barreiro, Luana Stangherlin, Júlio César Claudino dos Santos
The Internet and social media are configured as significant strategies for interpersonal communication, entertainment, and recognition of the individual's area of expertise. However, the facilities that the media provide lead to dependence on the use of networks, which motivates the expression of emotional changes as well as psychiatric disorders in those who are addicted to the media. With this reality, the purpose of the current Literature Review is to present the impacts that the non-moderate use of social networks causes on the physical and psychological health of the subject as an individual and social being. Thus, an active search was conducted in the PubMed and Science Direct databases to find the best and most reliable scientific evidence regarding the relationship between the addictive use of social media and psychiatric disorders with mediation in emotional dysregulation, concomitant to its link to mental health, self-mutilation, sleep deprivation, and altered self-perception.
互联网和社交媒体被视为人际沟通、娱乐和认识个人专业领域的重要战略。然而，媒体提供的便利导致了对网络使用的依赖，这促使那些沉迷于媒体的人表现出情绪变化和精神失常。鉴于这一现实，本文献综述的目的是介绍非适度使用社交网络对作为个体和社会存在的主体的身心健康造成的影响。因此，我们在 PubMed 和 Science Direct 数据库中进行了积极的搜索，以找到有关社交媒体上瘾与精神疾病之间关系的最佳和最可靠的科学证据，这些关系以情绪失调为中介，同时与心理健康、自残、睡眠不足和自我感知改变有关。
{"title":"The Relationship between Addictive Use of Social Media and Psychiatric Disorders: The Mediating Role of Emotion Dysregulation","authors":"Jacqueline Rodrigues Magalhães, Maria Madalena Correia Figueiredo, Ana Beatriz Teófilo Macedo Dos Santos, Felipe Bergamasco Perri Cefali, Daniel de Oliveira Solfa, Rodolfo Basílio Madeira Neto, Sarah Gurgel Ponte Fontenelle, Marcelo Victor Fontenele Girão, Rafael Martins Barreiro, Luana Stangherlin, Júlio César Claudino dos Santos","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.34-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.34-43","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet and social media are configured as significant strategies for interpersonal communication, entertainment, and recognition of the individual's area of expertise. However, the facilities that the media provide lead to dependence on the use of networks, which motivates the expression of emotional changes as well as psychiatric disorders in those who are addicted to the media. With this reality, the purpose of the current Literature Review is to present the impacts that the non-moderate use of social networks causes on the physical and psychological health of the subject as an individual and social being. Thus, an active search was conducted in the PubMed and Science Direct databases to find the best and most reliable scientific evidence regarding the relationship between the addictive use of social media and psychiatric disorders with mediation in emotional dysregulation, concomitant to its link to mental health, self-mutilation, sleep deprivation, and altered self-perception.\u0000","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":"20 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140358721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.23-33
Marta Lopes, Ligia Maria Oliveira de Souza De Souza, Girnaldo Leônidas Jorge de Sousa Filho Neto, Caroline Pereira de Souza, Luiza Merigo Santa Rosa, Pamella Barbosa Ferreira Marques, Myllena Cardoso Lima, Raquel Farias Cyrino, Luz Mariele Paredes Dominguez, Barbara Priscila Alves de Souza, Rita Cardozo Lugo, Romina Maricel Espínola Sánchez
The objective of this study is to gather information that corroborates that metabolic syndrome acts as the main risk factor associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. An integrative review, carried out between the months of August and December 2023, using the digital library Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and PUBMED in the databases using the Boolean operators: AND and OR. The results were obtained through management with the Rayyan 16 QCRI application and were structured in PRISMA flowcharts. With the search in the databases, 223 articles were found, of which 37 were selected for reading and, according to the objective of the present work, 23 articles were included in the research. In the studies observed, it is concluded that to prevent metabolic syndrome it is essential to adopt a healthy lifestyle, weight control, regular physical activity and frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels and regularly consult a health professional to adjust treatment. and ensure adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures.
{"title":"Metabolic syndrome as the main risk factor associated with the development of type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and cardiovascular pathologies","authors":"Marta Lopes, Ligia Maria Oliveira de Souza De Souza, Girnaldo Leônidas Jorge de Sousa Filho Neto, Caroline Pereira de Souza, Luiza Merigo Santa Rosa, Pamella Barbosa Ferreira Marques, Myllena Cardoso Lima, Raquel Farias Cyrino, Luz Mariele Paredes Dominguez, Barbara Priscila Alves de Souza, Rita Cardozo Lugo, Romina Maricel Espínola Sánchez","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.23-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.23-33","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study is to gather information that corroborates that metabolic syndrome acts as the main risk factor associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. An integrative review, carried out between the months of August and December 2023, using the digital library Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and PUBMED in the databases using the Boolean operators: AND and OR. The results were obtained through management with the Rayyan 16 QCRI application and were structured in PRISMA flowcharts. With the search in the databases, 223 articles were found, of which 37 were selected for reading and, according to the objective of the present work, 23 articles were included in the research. In the studies observed, it is concluded that to prevent metabolic syndrome it is essential to adopt a healthy lifestyle, weight control, regular physical activity and frequent monitoring of blood glucose levels and regularly consult a health professional to adjust treatment. and ensure adherence to pharmacological and non-pharmacological measures.","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":"10 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140430271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.15-22
L. M. Souza, Marta Lopes, Alessandra Savi Bellizzi, Ruthleia Leoncio de Almeida, Clécio Danilo Dias da Silva, Cleber Ferreira da Silva, Diogenes Durañones, Andrea Paola Britos Gómez, Pamela Ayumi Akamatsu, J. Magalhães, Marcelo Emanuel Villalba Portillo, Gilberto Ramon Marzal Salina, Ezequias Oliveira de Souza, Ana Beatriz Soares Ramos
Objetivo : analisar os fatores que estão envolvidos no desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome Longa COVID-19, com o intuito de obter uma compreensão aprofundada do tema e suas implicações. Métodos : Revisão sistemática, de nível exploratório forma qualitativa de pesquisa, sobre o desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome longa COVID-19. Se deu por meio de buscas nas bases de dados científicos PubMed, BVS e SciELO. Os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos foram: artigos originais disponíveis em formato eletrônico, na íntegra, gratuitos, redigidos em português, inglês ou espanhol, com delimitação de tempo de 2020 a 2023. A investigação foi realizada em novembro de 2023. Resultados : Com a pesquisa nas bases de dados, foram encontrados 37 artigos, destes 23 artigos foram selecionados para leitura e, conforme o objetivo do presente trabalho, 10 artigos foram incluídos na pesquisa. Conclusão : As alterações como anomalias de repolarização são frequentemente avaliadas na fase aguda do COVID-19, mas no geral se resolvem no período de 6 meses, com exceção da arritmia sinusal. Finalmente, concluímos que é importante, mas estudos específicos para compreender e estabelecer quais as implicações clínicas da Longa Covid-19 no seguimento dos pacientes e suas sequelas a nível cardiovascular.
{"title":"Desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome long COVID-19 , uma revisão sistemática da literatura","authors":"L. M. Souza, Marta Lopes, Alessandra Savi Bellizzi, Ruthleia Leoncio de Almeida, Clécio Danilo Dias da Silva, Cleber Ferreira da Silva, Diogenes Durañones, Andrea Paola Britos Gómez, Pamela Ayumi Akamatsu, J. Magalhães, Marcelo Emanuel Villalba Portillo, Gilberto Ramon Marzal Salina, Ezequias Oliveira de Souza, Ana Beatriz Soares Ramos","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.15-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.15-22","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000Objetivo : analisar os fatores que estão envolvidos no desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome Longa COVID-19, com o intuito de obter uma compreensão aprofundada do tema e suas implicações. \u0000Métodos : Revisão sistemática, de nível exploratório forma qualitativa de pesquisa, sobre o desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome longa COVID-19. Se deu por meio de buscas nas bases de dados científicos PubMed, BVS e SciELO. Os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos foram: artigos originais disponíveis em formato eletrônico, na íntegra, gratuitos, redigidos em português, inglês ou espanhol, com delimitação de tempo de 2020 a 2023. A investigação foi realizada em novembro de 2023. \u0000Resultados : Com a pesquisa nas bases de dados, foram encontrados 37 artigos, destes 23 artigos foram selecionados para leitura e, conforme o objetivo do presente trabalho, 10 artigos foram incluídos na pesquisa. \u0000Conclusão : As alterações como anomalias de repolarização são frequentemente avaliadas na fase aguda do COVID-19, mas no geral se resolvem no período de 6 meses, com exceção da arritmia sinusal. Finalmente, concluímos que é importante, mas estudos específicos para compreender e estabelecer quais as implicações clínicas da Longa Covid-19 no seguimento dos pacientes e suas sequelas a nível cardiovascular. ","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":"49 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139778085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.15-22
L. M. Souza, Marta Lopes, Alessandra Savi Bellizzi, Ruthleia Leoncio de Almeida, Clécio Danilo Dias da Silva, Cleber Ferreira da Silva, Diogenes Durañones, Andrea Paola Britos Gómez, Pamela Ayumi Akamatsu, J. Magalhães, Marcelo Emanuel Villalba Portillo, Gilberto Ramon Marzal Salina, Ezequias Oliveira de Souza, Ana Beatriz Soares Ramos
Objetivo : analisar os fatores que estão envolvidos no desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome Longa COVID-19, com o intuito de obter uma compreensão aprofundada do tema e suas implicações. Métodos : Revisão sistemática, de nível exploratório forma qualitativa de pesquisa, sobre o desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome longa COVID-19. Se deu por meio de buscas nas bases de dados científicos PubMed, BVS e SciELO. Os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos foram: artigos originais disponíveis em formato eletrônico, na íntegra, gratuitos, redigidos em português, inglês ou espanhol, com delimitação de tempo de 2020 a 2023. A investigação foi realizada em novembro de 2023. Resultados : Com a pesquisa nas bases de dados, foram encontrados 37 artigos, destes 23 artigos foram selecionados para leitura e, conforme o objetivo do presente trabalho, 10 artigos foram incluídos na pesquisa. Conclusão : As alterações como anomalias de repolarização são frequentemente avaliadas na fase aguda do COVID-19, mas no geral se resolvem no período de 6 meses, com exceção da arritmia sinusal. Finalmente, concluímos que é importante, mas estudos específicos para compreender e estabelecer quais as implicações clínicas da Longa Covid-19 no seguimento dos pacientes e suas sequelas a nível cardiovascular.
{"title":"Desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome long COVID-19 , uma revisão sistemática da literatura","authors":"L. M. Souza, Marta Lopes, Alessandra Savi Bellizzi, Ruthleia Leoncio de Almeida, Clécio Danilo Dias da Silva, Cleber Ferreira da Silva, Diogenes Durañones, Andrea Paola Britos Gómez, Pamela Ayumi Akamatsu, J. Magalhães, Marcelo Emanuel Villalba Portillo, Gilberto Ramon Marzal Salina, Ezequias Oliveira de Souza, Ana Beatriz Soares Ramos","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.15-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.15-22","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000Objetivo : analisar os fatores que estão envolvidos no desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome Longa COVID-19, com o intuito de obter uma compreensão aprofundada do tema e suas implicações. \u0000Métodos : Revisão sistemática, de nível exploratório forma qualitativa de pesquisa, sobre o desenvolvimento de arritmias cardíacas em pacientes com Síndrome longa COVID-19. Se deu por meio de buscas nas bases de dados científicos PubMed, BVS e SciELO. Os critérios de inclusão estabelecidos foram: artigos originais disponíveis em formato eletrônico, na íntegra, gratuitos, redigidos em português, inglês ou espanhol, com delimitação de tempo de 2020 a 2023. A investigação foi realizada em novembro de 2023. \u0000Resultados : Com a pesquisa nas bases de dados, foram encontrados 37 artigos, destes 23 artigos foram selecionados para leitura e, conforme o objetivo do presente trabalho, 10 artigos foram incluídos na pesquisa. \u0000Conclusão : As alterações como anomalias de repolarização são frequentemente avaliadas na fase aguda do COVID-19, mas no geral se resolvem no período de 6 meses, com exceção da arritmia sinusal. Finalmente, concluímos que é importante, mas estudos específicos para compreender e estabelecer quais as implicações clínicas da Longa Covid-19 no seguimento dos pacientes e suas sequelas a nível cardiovascular. ","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":"97 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139837696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.44-50
Ivone João, Mauer Gonçalves, Mário Fresta, Adilson Jose Manuel de Oliveira
The definition of a medical specialty is important both for the student’s future professional career as well as for the diversity of specialties and the number of professionals that will make up a given health system. Identify the areas of activity preferred by medical school specialists and compare them with government needs. Methods: A multicenter study with a cross-sectional, quantitative approach. The sample was made up of 201 finalists. Data were collected through a closed questionnaire automatically generated by Google Forms and exported to the statistical program (SPSS26) to calculate absolute and relative frequencies. The three specialties preferred by the finalists were Gynecology/Obstetrics (18.8%), Pediatrics (15.6%) and General Surgery (13.3%); the factors that led them to choose their specialties were affinity for the specialty (32.8%) and admiration for a teacher (19.5%). Comparing these results with the state’s needs, we found that student preferences were directed toward priority specialties at the tertiary level. It was observed that the most commonly chosen specialty was Gynecology/Obstetrics; the determining factor was affinity for the specialty and in comparison, with what the government needs, students’ preferences were directed toward priority specialties at the tertiary level and in the hospital branch.
{"title":"Medical specialty choice: a dilemma between dream and necessity","authors":"Ivone João, Mauer Gonçalves, Mário Fresta, Adilson Jose Manuel de Oliveira","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.44-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.44-50","url":null,"abstract":"The definition of a medical specialty is important both for the student’s future professional career as well as for the diversity of specialties and the number of professionals that will make up a given health system. Identify the areas of activity preferred by medical school specialists and compare them with government needs. Methods: A multicenter study with a cross-sectional, quantitative approach. The sample was made up of 201 finalists. Data were collected through a closed questionnaire automatically generated by Google Forms and exported to the statistical program (SPSS26) to calculate absolute and relative frequencies. The three specialties preferred by the finalists were Gynecology/Obstetrics (18.8%), Pediatrics (15.6%) and General Surgery (13.3%); the factors that led them to choose their specialties were affinity for the specialty (32.8%) and admiration for a teacher (19.5%). Comparing these results with the state’s needs, we found that student preferences were directed toward priority specialties at the tertiary level. It was observed that the most commonly chosen specialty was Gynecology/Obstetrics; the determining factor was affinity for the specialty and in comparison, with what the government needs, students’ preferences were directed toward priority specialties at the tertiary level and in the hospital branch.","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139787704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.3-14
Wind Duarte Augusto, Joana Paula Mendes da Paixão, Miguel Viveiros, Santos de Morais Nicolau
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infectious disease that affects any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently a public health problem. To understand the antibiotic susceptibility profile of microorganisms isolated in urine samples at the reference microbiology laboratory in Luanda/Angola from 2016-2022 (pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic). Methodology: A descriptive, quantitative, documentary study was carried out using a survey of secondary data, based on the results of urocultures from patients with a suspected diagnosis of UTI. A total of 2,800 (50.99%) were studied (n=5,491) and confirmed as having a UTI. From 2016 to 2019, 2,060 were confirmed; in 2020, 51 cases were investigated and 24 (0.86%) were confirmed. In 2022, corresponding to the period after the COVID-19 pandemic, a total of 246 patients (8.78%) had a confirmed urinary tract infection. In general, in all periods, the most sensitive drugs were amikacin, fosfomycin, norfloxacin, nalidixic acid, tobramycin, akanamycin and cefotaxime. Females and the E. coli strain followed by proteus vulgaris and mirabilis and the 20-29 and 30-39 age groups were the most prevalent.
{"title":"Sensitivity profile of pathogens identified in the diagnosis of urinary infection by uroculture carried out at the National Institute for Health Research, Luanda/Angola, during the pre - pandemic, intra - pandemic and post - pandemic of COVID 19","authors":"Wind Duarte Augusto, Joana Paula Mendes da Paixão, Miguel Viveiros, Santos de Morais Nicolau","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.3-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2024.2.4.3-14","url":null,"abstract":"Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infectious disease that affects any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is currently a public health problem. To understand the antibiotic susceptibility profile of microorganisms isolated in urine samples at the reference microbiology laboratory in Luanda/Angola from 2016-2022 (pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic). Methodology: A descriptive, quantitative, documentary study was carried out using a survey of secondary data, based on the results of urocultures from patients with a suspected diagnosis of UTI. A total of 2,800 (50.99%) were studied (n=5,491) and confirmed as having a UTI. From 2016 to 2019, 2,060 were confirmed; in 2020, 51 cases were investigated and 24 (0.86%) were confirmed. In 2022, corresponding to the period after the COVID-19 pandemic, a total of 246 patients (8.78%) had a confirmed urinary tract infection. In general, in all periods, the most sensitive drugs were amikacin, fosfomycin, norfloxacin, nalidixic acid, tobramycin, akanamycin and cefotaxime. Females and the E. coli strain followed by proteus vulgaris and mirabilis and the 20-29 and 30-39 age groups were the most prevalent.","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139788328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.44-50
Ivone João, Mauer Gonçalves, Mário Fresta, Adilson Jose Manuel de Oliveira
The definition of a medical specialty is important both for the student’s future professional career as well as for the diversity of specialties and the number of professionals that will make up a given health system. Identify the areas of activity preferred by medical school specialists and compare them with government needs. Methods: A multicenter study with a cross-sectional, quantitative approach. The sample was made up of 201 finalists. Data were collected through a closed questionnaire automatically generated by Google Forms and exported to the statistical program (SPSS26) to calculate absolute and relative frequencies. The three specialties preferred by the finalists were Gynecology/Obstetrics (18.8%), Pediatrics (15.6%) and General Surgery (13.3%); the factors that led them to choose their specialties were affinity for the specialty (32.8%) and admiration for a teacher (19.5%). Comparing these results with the state’s needs, we found that student preferences were directed toward priority specialties at the tertiary level. It was observed that the most commonly chosen specialty was Gynecology/Obstetrics; the determining factor was affinity for the specialty and in comparison, with what the government needs, students’ preferences were directed toward priority specialties at the tertiary level and in the hospital branch.
{"title":"Medical specialty choice: a dilemma between dream and necessity","authors":"Ivone João, Mauer Gonçalves, Mário Fresta, Adilson Jose Manuel de Oliveira","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.44-50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.44-50","url":null,"abstract":"The definition of a medical specialty is important both for the student’s future professional career as well as for the diversity of specialties and the number of professionals that will make up a given health system. Identify the areas of activity preferred by medical school specialists and compare them with government needs. Methods: A multicenter study with a cross-sectional, quantitative approach. The sample was made up of 201 finalists. Data were collected through a closed questionnaire automatically generated by Google Forms and exported to the statistical program (SPSS26) to calculate absolute and relative frequencies. The three specialties preferred by the finalists were Gynecology/Obstetrics (18.8%), Pediatrics (15.6%) and General Surgery (13.3%); the factors that led them to choose their specialties were affinity for the specialty (32.8%) and admiration for a teacher (19.5%). Comparing these results with the state’s needs, we found that student preferences were directed toward priority specialties at the tertiary level. It was observed that the most commonly chosen specialty was Gynecology/Obstetrics; the determining factor was affinity for the specialty and in comparison, with what the government needs, students’ preferences were directed toward priority specialties at the tertiary level and in the hospital branch.","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":"15 5-6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139847767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-31DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.39-43
Luiza Zatiti Monsanto de Paula, Maria Eduarda Osório de Oliveira, Victor Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Vinícius Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Caroline Ventura, Yasmin Paula Nobre Lessa, Camilly Ramos Sales, Luana Stangherlin dos Santos, João Bosco Façanha Elias Filho, Júlio César Claudino dos Santos
Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to debilitating motor and non-motor symptoms. Central to PD pathogenesis is the intricate involvement of microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain. This narrative review delves into the distinct functions of M1 and M2 microglia in the context of PD. M1 microglia exhibit pro-inflammatory characteristics, releasing cytotoxic factors that exacerbate neuronal damage. In contrast, M2 microglia contribute to neuroprotection by secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines and participating in the clearance of cellular debris. The dynamic interplay between these microglial phenotypes is explored, providing insights into their roles in disease progression. Emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating microglial polarization are discussed, emphasizing their potential in PD intervention. By unraveling the nuanced contributions of M1 and M2 microglia in PD, this review not only advances our understanding of neuroinflammatory mechanisms but also underscores the importance of targeted interventions to alleviate disease-associated pathology and preserve neuronal integrity in Parkinson's disease.
{"title":"Differential roles of M1 and M2 microglia in Parkinson’s disease: a critical narrative review","authors":"Luiza Zatiti Monsanto de Paula, Maria Eduarda Osório de Oliveira, Victor Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Vinícius Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Caroline Ventura, Yasmin Paula Nobre Lessa, Camilly Ramos Sales, Luana Stangherlin dos Santos, João Bosco Façanha Elias Filho, Júlio César Claudino dos Santos","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.39-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.39-43","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons, leading to debilitating motor and non-motor symptoms. Central to PD pathogenesis is the intricate involvement of microglia, the resident immune cells of the brain. This narrative review delves into the distinct functions of M1 and M2 microglia in the context of PD. M1 microglia exhibit pro-inflammatory characteristics, releasing cytotoxic factors that exacerbate neuronal damage. In contrast, M2 microglia contribute to neuroprotection by secreting anti-inflammatory cytokines and participating in the clearance of cellular debris. The dynamic interplay between these microglial phenotypes is explored, providing insights into their roles in disease progression. Emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating microglial polarization are discussed, emphasizing their potential in PD intervention. By unraveling the nuanced contributions of M1 and M2 microglia in PD, this review not only advances our understanding of neuroinflammatory mechanisms but also underscores the importance of targeted interventions to alleviate disease-associated pathology and preserve neuronal integrity in Parkinson's disease.","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":"103 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140476162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-30DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.29-38
M. Dadá, Wai Yu Lai, Zulaikhah Mahomed Sidique Dadá, Abdul Habib Mahomed Dadá
Foreign bodies are very common in the Emergency Department worldwide and expend a lot of time of medical staff to extract them. A plenty of these situations are accidental or involuntary, while others are intentional, depending on the patient's age. The anatomical location associated with the sort of foreign body determines the type of symptoms and complications resulting even as the procedure required for its extraction. The present study aims to explain, based on anatomical knowledge, the occurrence of accidents and incidents with foreign bodies in the aero-digestive tract, external auditory canal, nasal cavities, and eyes.
{"title":"Anatomic Explanation for the Presence of Foreign Bodies in Natural Orifices","authors":"M. Dadá, Wai Yu Lai, Zulaikhah Mahomed Sidique Dadá, Abdul Habib Mahomed Dadá","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.29-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.29-38","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign bodies are very common in the Emergency Department worldwide and expend a lot of time of medical staff to extract them. A plenty of these situations are accidental or involuntary, while others are intentional, depending on the patient's age. The anatomical location associated with the sort of foreign body determines the type of symptoms and complications resulting even as the procedure required for its extraction. The present study aims to explain, based on anatomical knowledge, the occurrence of accidents and incidents with foreign bodies in the aero-digestive tract, external auditory canal, nasal cavities, and eyes.","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":"179 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140484127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-15DOI: 10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.22-28
Victor Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Vinicius Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Gabriel Felipe Gomes, Stéfani Lara Galvão, Luiza Zatiti Monsanto de Paula, Maria Eduarda Osório de Oliveira, Isabela De Oliveira, Luiz Aldir da Silva, Victor Hugo Melo Freitas, Camilly Ramos Sales, Luana Stangherlin, Júlio César Claudino dos Santos
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and progressive loss of memory. Recent research has unveiled a potential link between the gut microbiome and the pathogenesis of AD, giving rise to the concept of the gut-microbiome-brain axis. This narrative review synthesizes current literature to elucidate the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and the development of AD. We explore the bidirectional communication along the gut-brain axis and its impact on neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta accumulation, and tau hyperphosphorylation—key hallmarks of AD pathology. Additionally, we discuss the potential influence of gut dysbiosis on systemic inflammation and its contribution to the neuroinflammatory milieu observed in AD. The modulation of gut microbiota emerges as a promising avenue for therapeutic interventions in AD, with probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary strategies showing potential to positively impact cognitive outcomes. As we delve into the evolving landscape of the gut-microbiome-brain axis, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and potential implications for targeting the gut microbiome to ameliorate Alzheimer's disease.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种复杂的神经退行性疾病，以认知能力下降和进行性失忆为特征。最近的研究揭示了肠道微生物组与阿尔茨海默病发病机制之间的潜在联系，从而产生了肠道微生物组-大脑轴的概念。这篇叙事性综述综合了目前的文献，阐明了肠道微生物群与艾滋病发病之间错综复杂的相互作用。我们探讨了肠道-大脑轴的双向交流及其对神经炎症、淀粉样蛋白-β积累和tau高磷酸化的影响--这些都是AD病理学的主要特征。此外，我们还讨论了肠道菌群失调对全身炎症的潜在影响及其对在 AD 中观察到的神经炎症环境的贡献。肠道微生物群的调节已成为治疗干预 AD 的一个很有前景的途径，益生菌、益生元和饮食策略显示出对认知结果产生积极影响的潜力。在我们深入研究肠道微生物组-大脑轴不断演变的过程中，本综述全面概述了目前对靶向肠道微生物组改善阿尔茨海默病的理解和潜在影响。
{"title":"The role of Gut-Microbiome-Brain-axis in Alzheirmer's disease","authors":"Victor Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Vinicius Mendes Nóbrega Rocha, Gabriel Felipe Gomes, Stéfani Lara Galvão, Luiza Zatiti Monsanto de Paula, Maria Eduarda Osório de Oliveira, Isabela De Oliveira, Luiz Aldir da Silva, Victor Hugo Melo Freitas, Camilly Ramos Sales, Luana Stangherlin, Júlio César Claudino dos Santos","doi":"10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.22-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52600/2965-0968.bjcmr.2023.2.3.22-28","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline and progressive loss of memory. Recent research has unveiled a potential link between the gut microbiome and the pathogenesis of AD, giving rise to the concept of the gut-microbiome-brain axis. This narrative review synthesizes current literature to elucidate the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and the development of AD. We explore the bidirectional communication along the gut-brain axis and its impact on neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta accumulation, and tau hyperphosphorylation—key hallmarks of AD pathology. Additionally, we discuss the potential influence of gut dysbiosis on systemic inflammation and its contribution to the neuroinflammatory milieu observed in AD. The modulation of gut microbiota emerges as a promising avenue for therapeutic interventions in AD, with probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary strategies showing potential to positively impact cognitive outcomes. As we delve into the evolving landscape of the gut-microbiome-brain axis, this review provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding and potential implications for targeting the gut microbiome to ameliorate Alzheimer's disease.","PeriodicalId":176982,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Clinical Medicine and Review","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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