Pub Date : 2023-06-13DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.01
I. Ibanez-Casas, Brooke Crespo Leonard, Miquel Perez-Garacia, A. Puente
Globalization is making our world increasingly diverse. However, the field of neuropsychological assessment hasn’t addressed this diversity appropriately and people around the world are being assessed with instruments that are not culturally adapted for them. Practitioners are using tests that were originally created for Western culture(s) to evaluate patients of all demographic backgrounds. The solution is the development of computerized cross-cultural tests, but there is no established standard procedure for creating a battery that is comprehensive, modular, psychometrically robust, easy to use, free, and culturally salient. The EMBRACED battery is intended to be exactly that. The protocol for its development followed strict, evidence-based scientific methods for the determination of all its neuropsychological domains, their relevant constructs, and the best tasks to measure them; the tasks and stimuli are also computerized. The EMBRACED battery is user-friendly, cost-effective, and patient-guided. The preliminary results obtained to date show that culture has a significant effect on neuropsychological test performance, with bias in favor of Western populations. Our field has an ethical responsibility to improve our instruments, increase fairness in testing, and to fight for social justice around the world, which is precisely the aim of the EMBRACED project.
{"title":"Protocol for the Development of a Computerized Battery for Cross-Cultural Neuropsychological Assessment: The EMBRACED Project","authors":"I. Ibanez-Casas, Brooke Crespo Leonard, Miquel Perez-Garacia, A. Puente","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.01","url":null,"abstract":"Globalization is making our world increasingly diverse. However, the field of neuropsychological assessment hasn’t addressed this diversity appropriately and people around the world are being assessed with instruments that are not culturally adapted for them. Practitioners are using tests that were originally created for Western culture(s) to evaluate patients of all demographic backgrounds. The solution is the development of computerized cross-cultural tests, but there is no established standard procedure for creating a battery that is comprehensive, modular, psychometrically robust, easy to use, free, and culturally salient. The EMBRACED battery is intended to be exactly that. The protocol for its development followed strict, evidence-based scientific methods for the determination of all its neuropsychological domains, their relevant constructs, and the best tasks to measure them; the tasks and stimuli are also computerized. The EMBRACED battery is user-friendly, cost-effective, and patient-guided. The preliminary results obtained to date show that culture has a significant effect on neuropsychological test performance, with bias in favor of Western populations. Our field has an ethical responsibility to improve our instruments, increase fairness in testing, and to fight for social justice around the world, which is precisely the aim of the EMBRACED project.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115572768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.39.2-2022.02
Isra' Al-Qadi, Iba' Farrah, Naim Iraki
In this work we report the genetic variation of ten isolates of entomopathogenic fungi, four of which were isolated from Palestine while the remaining six were from other geographic regions. The variation was determined using molecular-based techniques including; sequence analysis of β-tubulin (BT) gene, the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) 1 & 2 of the rDNA, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) analysis. The sequencing data of ITS regions confirmed the taxonomic identity of six isolates as Metarhizium anisopliae while the identity of the other four as Beauveria bassiana . These data also revealed that the two Palestinian Beauveria b . isolates are probably new strains since theyshowed 99% homology with the best match sequences reported in the gene bank. The restriction digestion of the ITS2 sequences produced a fingerprint for the PAL-M01 isolate. The ITS and BT sequences were able to distinguish the B-Bot genotype from the other Beauveria b. isolates. In contrast, the ITS could discriminate the three Metarhizium isolates: Ma-7, PAL-M01, and PPRC. Moreover, the ISSR analysis detected high levels of polymorphism among the Beauveria b . (80%) and the Metarhizium a . (90%) isolates. The fact that the PPRC and B-Bot isolates areobviously genetically different from their Metarhizium a. and Beauveria b . counterparts could be attributed to their distant geographic origins. The molecular data obtained in this work can be utilized for specific identification of each ofthese isolates which, would facilitate the local use of these fungi as biocontrol agents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study, in Palestine, attempting to discriminate between EPF isolates using advanced molecular techniques.
在这项工作中，我们报告了10株昆虫病原真菌的遗传变异，其中4株来自巴勒斯坦，其余6株来自其他地理区域。这种变化是通过基于分子的技术确定的，包括;β-微管蛋白(BT)基因，ITS - 1序列分析;rDNA 2、限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)和简单序列重复(ISSR)分析。ITS区测序结果表明，6株分离株属绿僵菌，其余4株属球孢白僵菌。这些数据还显示，两种巴勒斯坦白僵菌b。分离株与基因库中报道的最佳匹配序列有99%的同源性，可能是新菌株。对ITS2序列进行酶切，得到PAL-M01分离物的指纹图谱。ITS和BT序列能够将B-Bot基因型与其他白僵菌分离株区分开来。相比之下，ITS可以区分3种绿僵菌分离株:Ma-7、PAL-M01和PPRC。此外，ISSR分析发现白僵菌b的多态性水平很高。(80%)和绿僵菌a。(90%)隔离。PPRC和b - bot分离株与Metarhizium a.和Beauveria b .有明显的遗传差异。对等物可以归因于它们遥远的地理起源。在这项工作中获得的分子数据可用于这些分离株的特异性鉴定，这将有助于这些真菌在当地作为生物防治剂的使用。据我们所知，这是在巴勒斯坦首次尝试使用先进分子技术区分EPF分离株的研究。
{"title":"Determination of Genetic variation among Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae Isolates from Palestine and other Geographic regions using ITS and β-tubulin Sequences, RFLP and ISSR Data","authors":"Isra' Al-Qadi, Iba' Farrah, Naim Iraki","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.39.2-2022.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.39.2-2022.02","url":null,"abstract":"In this work we report the genetic variation of ten isolates of entomopathogenic fungi, four of which were isolated from Palestine while the remaining six were from other geographic regions. The variation was determined using molecular-based techniques including; sequence analysis of β-tubulin (BT) gene, the Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS) 1 & 2 of the rDNA, Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP), and Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) analysis. The sequencing data of ITS regions confirmed the taxonomic identity of six isolates as Metarhizium anisopliae while the identity of the other four as Beauveria bassiana . These data also revealed that the two Palestinian Beauveria b . isolates are probably new strains since theyshowed 99% homology with the best match sequences reported in the gene bank. The restriction digestion of the ITS2 sequences produced a fingerprint for the PAL-M01 isolate. The ITS and BT sequences were able to distinguish the B-Bot genotype from the other Beauveria b. isolates. In contrast, the ITS could discriminate the three Metarhizium isolates: Ma-7, PAL-M01, and PPRC. Moreover, the ISSR analysis detected high levels of polymorphism among the Beauveria b . (80%) and the Metarhizium a . (90%) isolates. The fact that the PPRC and B-Bot isolates areobviously genetically different from their Metarhizium a. and Beauveria b . counterparts could be attributed to their distant geographic origins. The molecular data obtained in this work can be utilized for specific identification of each ofthese isolates which, would facilitate the local use of these fungi as biocontrol agents. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study, in Palestine, attempting to discriminate between EPF isolates using advanced molecular techniques.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"259 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136002478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-24DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.02
J. Puertas-Gonzalez, Borja Romero-Gonzalez, R. Caparros-Gonzalez, Carolina Mariño-Narvaez, M. Peralta-Ramírez
Optimal adaptation to changes that occur during pregnancy is essential to prevent possible negative effects on maternal psychological health (such as stress or postpartum depression). In fact, an adequate adaptation to the new life situation has implications on the subsequent offspring´s development. Thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the potential association between levels of personal growth and maternal age during pregnancy with the subsequent cognitive and motor neurodevelopment of the offspring at 6 months of age. Twenty-three pregnant women participated in this longitudinal study. The participants were assessed during the three trimesters of pregnancy using the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1989). The neonates´ neurodevelopment was assessed using the BSID-III at 6 months of age. A multiple linear regression analysis was carried out using maternal growth during pregnancy and gestational age as independent variables, and the levels of cognitive and motor neurodevelopment of the babies at 6 months of age as dependent variables. The results showed that personal growth during pregnancy predicted cognitive neurodevelopment. Personal growth was also positively related with the scalar score of the fine motor subscale. Findings from this study suggest that maternal personal growth during pregnancy is a predictor of the later infants´ neurodevelopment at 6 months of age.
{"title":"The relationship between maternal personal growth during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment","authors":"J. Puertas-Gonzalez, Borja Romero-Gonzalez, R. Caparros-Gonzalez, Carolina Mariño-Narvaez, M. Peralta-Ramírez","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.02","url":null,"abstract":"Optimal adaptation to changes that occur during pregnancy is essential to prevent possible negative effects on maternal psychological health (such as stress or postpartum depression). In fact, an adequate adaptation to the new life situation has implications on the subsequent offspring´s development. Thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the potential association between levels of personal growth and maternal age during pregnancy with the subsequent cognitive and motor neurodevelopment of the offspring at 6 months of age. Twenty-three pregnant women participated in this longitudinal study. The participants were assessed during the three trimesters of pregnancy using the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff, 1989). The neonates´ neurodevelopment was assessed using the BSID-III at 6 months of age. A multiple linear regression analysis was carried out using maternal growth during pregnancy and gestational age as independent variables, and the levels of cognitive and motor neurodevelopment of the babies at 6 months of age as dependent variables. The results showed that personal growth during pregnancy predicted cognitive neurodevelopment. Personal growth was also positively related with the scalar score of the fine motor subscale. Findings from this study suggest that maternal personal growth during pregnancy is a predictor of the later infants´ neurodevelopment at 6 months of age.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117143651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-03DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.39.2-2022.03
Minerva Jarayseh
هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم مدى تضمين مفاهيم حماية الطّفولة ضمن البرامج الأكاديمية في تخصّصات العلوم الاجتماعيّة في ثلاث جامعات فلسطينيّة والدّور الذي تقوم به تخصّصات العلوم الاجتماعيّة في الجامعات الفلسطينية في تجهيزها لطلبة هذه التخصصات على مستوى المعرفة النظرية والمهاريّة.بالإضافة الى العمل على توجهات الطلبة.اعتمدت الدّراسة على المنهج الوصفيّ الكيفيّ واستُخدمت المقابلة مع رئيسات ورؤساء دوائر العلوم الاجتماعية في ثلاث جامعات فلسطينية تمثّل مناطق الوسط (جامعة القدس-أبو ديس)، والشمال (جامعة النجاح الوطنية)، والجنوب (جامعة بيت لحم) كعيّنة قصديّة ممثلة عن الجامعات الفلسطينية التسع في محافظات الضفة الغربية.أشارت النتائج الى وجود تركيز متفاوت بين الجامعات الثلاث حول المعرفة العلمية على تزويد الطلبة ببعض النظريات والأدبيات المتعلقة بحماية الطّفولة وضمان إلمامهم بالاتفاقيات الدولية المتعلقة بحماية الطّفولة، بالإضافة إلى اعتماد هذه الجامعات على مساقات التدريب الميداني بشكل رئيس وعلى بعض الفعاليات والأنشطة المتعلقة بالطفولة من خلال شراكة الجامعات مع المؤسسات المجتمعية المتخصصة في قطاع الطفولة لتزويدهم بالمهارات التي تعمل البرامج على اكسابها للطلبة.كما وأبرزت نتائج الدراسة التفاوت الواضح في تركيز البرامج الأكاديمية وقدرتها على إكساب الطلبة للتوجّهات الإيجابية والإنسانيّة نحو قطاع الطفولة كقطاع مهمش يتعرض لكافة الانتهاكات على المستوى السياسي والاجتماعي والثقافي.أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تطوير البرامج الأكاديمية لتكون أكثر تخصصية وتعمقًا في موضوع حماية الطفولة ولتساهم بشكل أقوى في صقل شخصية وقدرات الطلبة المعرفية ليكونوا أكثر جاهزية ومهنية للتعامل مع قطاع الطفولة بعد التخرج، بالإضافة الى ضرورة العمل المشترك بين الجامعات لبناء إطار فكري مشترك يقوم على مبادئ الميثاق الأخلاقي لعمل المرشدين/ات والاخصائيين/ات الاجتماعيين/ات خصوصًا فيما يتعلق بتحضيرهم الاكاديمي للتعامل مع قضايا حماية الطفولة بهدف تقليص التفاوت المعرفي والمهاريّ النسبي بين خريجي/ات الجامعات من تخصّصات العلوم الاجتماعية.
{"title":"مفاهيم \" حماية الطّفولة\" وتضمينها في برامج العلوم الاجتماعيّة من وجهة نظر ممثلي وممثّلات هذه التّخصصات في الجامعات الفلسطينيّة","authors":"Minerva Jarayseh","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.39.2-2022.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.39.2-2022.03","url":null,"abstract":"هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقييم مدى تضمين مفاهيم حماية الطّفولة ضمن البرامج الأكاديمية في تخصّصات العلوم الاجتماعيّة في ثلاث جامعات فلسطينيّة والدّور الذي تقوم به تخصّصات العلوم الاجتماعيّة في الجامعات الفلسطينية في تجهيزها لطلبة هذه التخصصات على مستوى المعرفة النظرية والمهاريّة.بالإضافة الى العمل على توجهات الطلبة.اعتمدت الدّراسة على المنهج الوصفيّ الكيفيّ واستُخدمت المقابلة مع رئيسات ورؤساء دوائر العلوم الاجتماعية في ثلاث جامعات فلسطينية تمثّل مناطق الوسط (جامعة القدس-أبو ديس)، والشمال (جامعة النجاح الوطنية)، والجنوب (جامعة بيت لحم) كعيّنة قصديّة ممثلة عن الجامعات الفلسطينية التسع في محافظات الضفة الغربية.أشارت النتائج الى وجود تركيز متفاوت بين الجامعات الثلاث حول المعرفة العلمية على تزويد الطلبة ببعض النظريات والأدبيات المتعلقة بحماية الطّفولة وضمان إلمامهم بالاتفاقيات الدولية المتعلقة بحماية الطّفولة، بالإضافة إلى اعتماد هذه الجامعات على مساقات التدريب الميداني بشكل رئيس وعلى بعض الفعاليات والأنشطة المتعلقة بالطفولة من خلال شراكة الجامعات مع المؤسسات المجتمعية المتخصصة في قطاع الطفولة لتزويدهم بالمهارات التي تعمل البرامج على اكسابها للطلبة.كما وأبرزت نتائج الدراسة التفاوت الواضح في تركيز البرامج الأكاديمية وقدرتها على إكساب الطلبة للتوجّهات الإيجابية والإنسانيّة نحو قطاع الطفولة كقطاع مهمش يتعرض لكافة الانتهاكات على المستوى السياسي والاجتماعي والثقافي.أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تطوير البرامج الأكاديمية لتكون أكثر تخصصية وتعمقًا في موضوع حماية الطفولة ولتساهم بشكل أقوى في صقل شخصية وقدرات الطلبة المعرفية ليكونوا أكثر جاهزية ومهنية للتعامل مع قطاع الطفولة بعد التخرج، بالإضافة الى ضرورة العمل المشترك بين الجامعات لبناء إطار فكري مشترك يقوم على مبادئ الميثاق الأخلاقي لعمل المرشدين/ات والاخصائيين/ات الاجتماعيين/ات خصوصًا فيما يتعلق بتحضيرهم الاكاديمي للتعامل مع قضايا حماية الطفولة بهدف تقليص التفاوت المعرفي والمهاريّ النسبي بين خريجي/ات الجامعات من تخصّصات العلوم الاجتماعية.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125001428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-02DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.03
Christian Castro, Nathalia Quiroz Molinares, Elizabeth Verbel Saumeth, C. García de la Cadena, Geraldine Ruiz Avendaño, Carlos Jose De los Reyes-Aragon
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) refers to a series of physical, psychological, and/or sexual abuses exercised over another individual during an intimate relationship. Several mental health difficulties have been reported related to IPV, and recently neuropsychological alterations have been also described in this population. This study has three aims: first, to explore the existence of mental health-based groups in women with and without a history of IPV; second, to establish whether belonging to the IPV group is related to having a poorer mental health and finally, to establish if women with mental health has a lower neuropsychological functioning. Fourteen female survivors of physical and psychological IPV, and 14 matched control women (CG) were assessed for their mental health and neuropsychological functions. A mental health protocol was used to evaluate the variables of anxiety, depression, and perception of stress. In addition, a protocol of neuropsychological tests evaluated alternating attention, long-term memory, abstract thinking, learning, and interference control. Results showed that (1) participants were grouped into two clusters: better mental health and poorer mental health. The main grouping variable was anxiety. (2) Women with a history of IPV had poorer mental health, and (3) women with poorer mental health had lower attentional ability, long-term memory, abstract thinking and working memory. These findings show the importance of assessing anxiety, which is one of the predictors of mental health problems in victims of IPV. Furthermore, it is important to protocolize a form of assessment including neuropsychological variables.
{"title":"Exploring the relationship between mental health and neuropsychological functioning in female survivors of IPV","authors":"Christian Castro, Nathalia Quiroz Molinares, Elizabeth Verbel Saumeth, C. García de la Cadena, Geraldine Ruiz Avendaño, Carlos Jose De los Reyes-Aragon","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.39.1-2022.03","url":null,"abstract":"Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) refers to a series of physical, psychological, and/or sexual abuses exercised over another individual during an intimate relationship. Several mental health difficulties have been reported related to IPV, and recently neuropsychological alterations have been also described in this population. This study has three aims: first, to explore the existence of mental health-based groups in women with and without a history of IPV; second, to establish whether belonging to the IPV group is related to having a poorer mental health and finally, to establish if women with mental health has a lower neuropsychological functioning. Fourteen female survivors of physical and psychological IPV, and 14 matched control women (CG) were assessed for their mental health and neuropsychological functions. A mental health protocol was used to evaluate the variables of anxiety, depression, and perception of stress. In addition, a protocol of neuropsychological tests evaluated alternating attention, long-term memory, abstract thinking, learning, and interference control. Results showed that (1) participants were grouped into two clusters: better mental health and poorer mental health. The main grouping variable was anxiety. (2) Women with a history of IPV had poorer mental health, and (3) women with poorer mental health had lower attentional ability, long-term memory, abstract thinking and working memory. These findings show the importance of assessing anxiety, which is one of the predictors of mental health problems in victims of IPV. Furthermore, it is important to protocolize a form of assessment including neuropsychological variables.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126534969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0105
Antonio E. Puente
This study aims at re-conceptualizing PTSD as a neuropsychological construct and reconsidering the understanding of both the perpetrator and victim of the trauma from a neuropsychological perspective. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is considered a modern mental disorder secondary to an individual's experience of emotional trauma. Further such trauma should disappear or be adjusted to as a function of the passage of time and as a function of psychotherapeutic interventions. The findings of this study reveal that PTSD produces changes that are neurocognitive in nature. Furthermore, significant neuropsychological deficits arise as a function of PTSD or at least some forms of PTSD via acute or chronic traumatic exposure.
{"title":"Re-conceptualizing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder as a Neuropsychological Condition // اضطراب ما بعد الصدمة كحالة نفسية-عصبية: نظرية بديلة","authors":"Antonio E. Puente","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0105","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims at re-conceptualizing PTSD as a neuropsychological construct and reconsidering the understanding of both the perpetrator and victim of the trauma from a neuropsychological perspective. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is considered a modern mental disorder secondary to an individual's experience of emotional trauma. Further such trauma should disappear or be adjusted to as a function of the passage of time and as a function of psychotherapeutic interventions. The findings of this study reveal that PTSD produces changes that are neurocognitive in nature. Furthermore, significant neuropsychological deficits arise as a function of PTSD or at least some forms of PTSD via acute or chronic traumatic exposure.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132974966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0056
سفيان أبو نجيلة
هدفت هذه الدراسة الى التحقق من صحة بعض الافتراضات !النظرية الأسس الأخلاقية!.، وبعض آراء الباحثين التي ترى أن الاختلاف في الاتجاهات السياسية، وما يمثله من خلافات سياسية، ربما تعكس -في جزء منها- الاختلافات في الأسس الأخلاقية. واستخدم الباحث عينة عشوائية من طلبة ثلاث جامعات من كبرى الجامعات في محافظات غزة، وهي: جامعة الأزهر والجامعة الإسلامية وجامعة الأقصى، بلغ عدد مفرداتها ١١٠٥ طلاب ذكورا واءناقا من المنتمين وغير المنتمين للتذظيماتا/الحركات السياسية الفلسطينية وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة انه توجد علاقة ارتباطية عكسية دالة بين السلوك السياسي وجميع أبعاد مقياس الأسس الأخلاقية، ما عدا بعد الولاء للجماعة فكان الارتباط موجبا. كما توجد علاقة ارتباطية طردية دالة إحصائبا بين جميع أبعاد مقياس الأسس الأخلاقية وجميع أبعاد مقياس التسلطية، ما عدا بعد الولاء للجماعة فكان الارتباط عكسيا. كما وبينت نتائج تحليل الانحدار التدريجي صحة، افتراضر نظرية الأسس الأخلاقية، نسبيا، إذ تنبأت غالبية متغيرات الأسس الأخلاقية بالدرجة الكلية للتسلطية وابعادها الثلاثة، وتنبأت بعض متغيرات الأسس الأخلاقية، بالسلوك السياسي. كما وبينت النتائج وجود فروق دالة في الأسس الأخلاقية والسلوك السياسي، بين المنتمين وغير المنتمين للتنظيمات الفلسطينية، وجاءت الفروق في الأسس الأخلاقية في اتجاه غير المنتمين، بينما جاءت الفروق في السلوك السياسي، في اتجاه المنتمين، ولم تبين النتائج وجود أية فروق دالة في التسلطية بأبعادها الثلاثة. واخيرا، بينت النتائج وجود فروق دالة في كل من التسلطية بأبعادها الثلاثة ودرجتها الكلية، والسلوك السياسي، بين المنتمين لحماس والمنتمين لفتح، وجاءت الغروق في اتجاه المنتمين لحماس، في حين لم تبين النتائج وجود أية فروق دالة إحصائيا في الأسس الأخلاقية بين المجموعتين
{"title":"الأسس الأخلاقية وعلاقتها بالأبعاد الثلاثة للتسلطية والسلوك السياسي لدى طلبة الجامعات في محافظات غزة // Moral Foundations and their Relationship to the Three\u0000 Components of Authoritarianism and Political Behavior among Gaza University Students","authors":"سفيان أبو نجيلة","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0056","url":null,"abstract":"هدفت هذه الدراسة الى التحقق من صحة بعض الافتراضات !النظرية الأسس الأخلاقية!.، وبعض آراء الباحثين التي ترى أن الاختلاف في الاتجاهات السياسية، وما يمثله من خلافات سياسية، ربما تعكس\u0000 -في جزء منها- الاختلافات في الأسس الأخلاقية. واستخدم الباحث عينة عشوائية من طلبة ثلاث جامعات من كبرى الجامعات في محافظات غزة، وهي: جامعة الأزهر والجامعة الإسلامية وجامعة الأقصى،\u0000 بلغ عدد مفرداتها ١١٠٥ طلاب ذكورا واءناقا من المنتمين وغير المنتمين للتذظيماتا/الحركات السياسية الفلسطينية وأظهرت نتائج الدراسة انه توجد علاقة ارتباطية عكسية دالة بين السلوك السياسي\u0000 وجميع أبعاد مقياس الأسس الأخلاقية، ما عدا بعد الولاء للجماعة فكان الارتباط موجبا. كما توجد علاقة ارتباطية طردية دالة إحصائبا بين جميع أبعاد مقياس الأسس الأخلاقية وجميع أبعاد مقياس\u0000 التسلطية، ما عدا بعد الولاء للجماعة فكان الارتباط عكسيا. كما وبينت نتائج تحليل الانحدار التدريجي صحة، افتراضر نظرية الأسس الأخلاقية، نسبيا، إذ تنبأت غالبية متغيرات الأسس الأخلاقية\u0000 بالدرجة الكلية للتسلطية وابعادها الثلاثة، وتنبأت بعض متغيرات الأسس الأخلاقية، بالسلوك السياسي. كما وبينت النتائج وجود فروق دالة في الأسس الأخلاقية والسلوك السياسي، بين المنتمين\u0000 وغير المنتمين للتنظيمات الفلسطينية، وجاءت الفروق في الأسس الأخلاقية في اتجاه غير المنتمين، بينما جاءت الفروق في السلوك السياسي، في اتجاه المنتمين، ولم تبين النتائج وجود أية فروق\u0000 دالة في التسلطية بأبعادها الثلاثة. واخيرا، بينت النتائج وجود فروق دالة في كل من التسلطية بأبعادها الثلاثة ودرجتها الكلية، والسلوك السياسي، بين المنتمين لحماس والمنتمين لفتح، وجاءت\u0000 الغروق في اتجاه المنتمين لحماس، في حين لم تبين النتائج وجود أية فروق دالة إحصائيا في الأسس الأخلاقية بين المجموعتين","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132238580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0143
Sherein Abdeen, Samah Jabr, Michael Morse, Katherine Lyman, Elizabeth Berger
In response to an identified need to improve the emotional resilience of children in Palestine, the Palestinian Medical Education Initiative (PMED) developed a comprehensive program to support student mental health that was delivered at a private school in East Jerusalem in 2015–2016. This report describes the structure and function of the comprehensive program, in which training was provided for all school staff and for parents in a series of meetings and workshops, in addition to the establishment of a permanent school-based Taskforce, led by the trainer, consisting of two teachers, the principal, and the guidance counselor. The report also outlines the processes of outcomes measurement and evaluation of this program. The aim of the Taskforce was to develop school-wide programming supporting student resilience and to make specific plans to address individual students who had been identified with behavioral or learning problems. The success of this pilot program demonstrates the effectiveness of the training/Taskforce model and suggests that future policy planning and research in Palestine consider adopting similar comprehensive student support programs.
{"title":"Report: A Comprehensive Student Support Program in Mental Health // برنامج دعم طلابي شامل للصحة النفسية","authors":"Sherein Abdeen, Samah Jabr, Michael Morse, Katherine Lyman, Elizabeth Berger","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0143","url":null,"abstract":"In response to an identified need to improve the emotional resilience of children in Palestine, the Palestinian Medical Education Initiative (PMED) developed a comprehensive program to support student mental health that was delivered at a private school in East Jerusalem in 2015–2016. This report describes the structure and function of the comprehensive program, in which training was provided for all school staff and for parents in a series of meetings and workshops, in addition to the establishment of a permanent school-based Taskforce, led by the trainer, consisting of two teachers, the principal, and the guidance counselor. The report also outlines the processes of outcomes measurement and evaluation of this program.\u0000The aim of the Taskforce was to develop school-wide programming supporting student resilience and to make specific plans to address individual students who had been identified with behavioral or learning problems. The success of this pilot program demonstrates the effectiveness of the training/Taskforce model and suggests that future policy planning and research in Palestine consider adopting similar comprehensive student support programs.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133019040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0129
Deia Ganayim, Shireen Ganayim
In this study, two experiments were conducted to assess the role of word length in visual word recognition. In Experiment 1 two lists of Arabic three and five letter words were used in a print word-reading task which measured accuracy and reading time. In Experiment 2, three, four and five letter words were displayed in the center of fixation on a screen in a naming task measuring accuracy and naming time. In reading, two contrasting processes have been suggested: the holistic process and the analytical process. According to the holistic process, the recognition of a word is determined by its global features and configuration. Consequently, reading consists of the simultaneous processing of all the letters of a word in parallel. In contrast, according to the analytical process, reading is a sequential screening of all the letters within a particular word. Length effect—that is, short words are recognized more rapidly and accurately than long words—is the signature of analytical processing of the non-lexical route due to its seriality which is caused by assembled phonology. The results of both experiments revealed that the average reading time of Arabic words from paper and screen was affected by word length, reflecting certain analytical processes and the activation of a non-lexical route, in which letters are processed sequentially.
{"title":"The Effect of Length on Word Recognition (in Reading): The Case of Arabic // تأثير طول الكلمة على دقة القراءة: العربية كدراسة حالة","authors":"Deia Ganayim, Shireen Ganayim","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0129","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, two experiments were conducted to assess the role of word length in visual word recognition. In Experiment 1 two lists of Arabic three and five letter words were used in a print word-reading task which measured accuracy and reading time. In Experiment 2, three, four and five letter words were displayed in the center of fixation on a screen in a naming task measuring accuracy and naming time. In reading, two contrasting processes have been suggested: the holistic process and the analytical process. According to the holistic process, the recognition of a word is determined by its global features and configuration. Consequently, reading consists of the simultaneous processing of all the letters of a word in parallel. In contrast, according to the analytical process, reading is a sequential screening of all the letters within a particular word. Length effect—that is, short words are recognized more rapidly and accurately than long words—is the signature of analytical processing of the non-lexical route due to its seriality which is caused by assembled phonology. The results of both experiments revealed that the average reading time of Arabic words from paper and screen was affected by word length, reflecting certain analytical processes and the activation of a non-lexical route, in which letters are processed sequentially.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"54 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123479888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0100
Prof. Jamil Khader, Ph.D.
We are pleased to present the thirty fourth volume of the Bethlehem University Journal as a special issue on psychological research in Palestine and the world. This special issue draws from original papers and other related scholarship presented at the First Annual International Psychology Conference entitled, “Psychological Research in Palestine between Theory and Practice,” which was held at Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine, from April 22-23, 2016.
{"title":"Editorial Statement: The Globalization of Psychology, the Psychology of Globalization","authors":"Prof. Jamil Khader, Ph.D.","doi":"10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13169/bethunivj.34.2017.0100","url":null,"abstract":"We are pleased to present the thirty fourth volume of the Bethlehem University Journal as a special issue on psychological research in Palestine and the world. This special issue draws from original papers and other related scholarship presented at the First Annual International Psychology Conference entitled, “Psychological Research in Palestine between Theory and Practice,” which was held at Bethlehem University, Bethlehem, Palestine, from April 22-23, 2016.","PeriodicalId":177028,"journal":{"name":"Bethlehem University Journal","volume":"11 7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134164123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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