Nigella sativa (NS) has been used for many years as an anti-bacterial herbal treatment, such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, but the mechanism in bacterial elimination is still unknown. IL-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine that helps the immune system eliminate microbes when it enters the body. The purpose of this study was to prove the immunomodulatory effects of Nigella sativa extract through increased IL-1β in dealing with MRSA infections. The design of this study was post-test only control group design using 25 male Balb-c mice infected with MRSA and randomly divided into five groups. Group K was infected with MRSA without being treated. All treatment groups were given NS extracts in different doses for 7 days before being infected with MRSA. P1 was given N. sativa extract 0.05ml, P2 (was given NS extract 0.25ml, P3 was given 0.5ml NS extract, and P4 was given 0.75ml NS. On the 8th day, blood was taken from the retroorbital plexus for IL-1β level examination using ELISA. Statistical tests were done using the One Way ANOVA test. The results showed the mean of IL-1β levels in group K was 11.65ng/L, P1 was 14.07ng/L, P2 was 16.66ng/L, P3 was 18.54ng/L, and P4 was 19.49ng/L which showed an increase in IL-1β levels along with the addition of black cumin dose although there was no difference between groups (p=0.578: ANOVA test). Nigella sativa extract is not proven effective in increasing IL-1β levels of Balb-c mice infected with MRSA.
{"title":"Immunomodulatory Effect of Nigella sativa Extract through the Improvement of IL-1β Level in Balb-c Mice Infected by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Galuh Yulieta Nitihapsari, Octavia Permata S, Miko Ferine","doi":"10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.3","url":null,"abstract":"Nigella sativa (NS) has been used for many years as an anti-bacterial herbal treatment, such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, but the mechanism in bacterial elimination is still unknown. IL-1β is a proinflammatory cytokine that helps the immune system eliminate microbes when it enters the body. The purpose of this study was to prove the immunomodulatory effects of Nigella sativa extract through increased IL-1β in dealing with MRSA infections. The design of this study was post-test only control group design using 25 male Balb-c mice infected with MRSA and randomly divided into five groups. Group K was infected with MRSA without being treated. All treatment groups were given NS extracts in different doses for 7 days before being infected with MRSA. P1 was given N. sativa extract 0.05ml, P2 (was given NS extract 0.25ml, P3 was given 0.5ml NS extract, and P4 was given 0.75ml NS. On the 8th day, blood was taken from the retroorbital plexus for IL-1β level examination using ELISA. Statistical tests were done using the One Way ANOVA test. The results showed the mean of IL-1β levels in group K was 11.65ng/L, P1 was 14.07ng/L, P2 was 16.66ng/L, P3 was 18.54ng/L, and P4 was 19.49ng/L which showed an increase in IL-1β levels along with the addition of black cumin dose although there was no difference between groups (p=0.578: ANOVA test). Nigella sativa extract is not proven effective in increasing IL-1β levels of Balb-c mice infected with MRSA.","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83594326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.4
Elva Susanty, S. D. Lesmana, D. Afandi, Ragil Yulianto, Kevin Rovi Andhika
Excessive usage of synthetic pediculicides, such as permethrin, lindane, and malathion, can induce resistance, environmental pollution, health problems, and even death. Efforts to prevent the side-effects of synthetic pediculicides are needed, one of which is by shifting to powerful yet safe natural pediculicides, such as Citrus limon (lemon) and Allium sativum (garlic). This study aimed to observe the effective concentration of Citrus limon and Allium sativum in vitro on the mortality of Pediculus humanus capitis (P. h. capitis). This research was an experimental laboratory study conducted in July to September 2019 in the Laboratory of Parasitology at Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, while the making of Allium sativum extract was done at the Faculty of Mathematics and Science, University of Riau. A total of 288 samples of adult P. h. capitis was taken from children in two orphanages in Pekanbaru. Citrus limon juice and Allium sativum extract of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations, permethrin 1% as the positive control, and distilled water as the negative control were used in this study, and repetition was done three times. P. h. capitis mortality was observed every 10 - 120 minutes, characterized by the absence of movement of the legs and antenna. Data analysis was performed after 120 minutes with the one-way ANOVA test, LSD (=0.05), and Lethal Concentration 50 test (LC50). The one-way ANOVA test results of this study showed that statistically Citrus limon juice and Allium sativum extracts showed differences in each treatment formulation of juice on P. h. capitis mortality (Sig 0.017<0.05 and Sig 0.000<0.05) and LC50 juice of Citrus limon and Allium sativum extract by 51.999% and 72.426%. In this study, Citrus limon juice and Allium sativum extract had effect as pediculicides.
过量使用氯菊酯、林丹和马拉硫磷等合成杀虫剂会引起抗药性、环境污染、健康问题，甚至死亡。我们需要努力防止合成杀虱剂的副作用，其中之一就是转向强效但安全的天然杀虱剂，如柠檬和大蒜。本研究旨在观察柠檬和葱的离体浓度对人头蒂(P. h. capitis)病死率的影响。本研究是2019年7月至9月在廖内大学医学院寄生虫学实验室进行的一项实验实验室研究，而葱提取物的制作则是在廖内大学数学与科学学院进行的。从北干巴鲁两所孤儿院的儿童身上共采集了288份成人白头弓形虫样本。采用25%、50%、75%、100%浓度的柠檬汁和葱提取物，1%氯菊酯为阳性对照，蒸馏水为阴性对照，重复3次。头皮癣的死亡率每10 - 120分钟观察一次，其特征是腿部和触角不活动。120分钟后进行资料分析，采用单因素方差分析、LSD(=0.05)和致死浓度50检验(LC50)。本研究的单因素方差分析结果显示，柠檬汁和葱提取物在不同处理配方的柠檬汁和葱提取物对头粉病的死亡率差异有统计学意义(Sig 0.017<0.05和Sig 0.000<0.05)，柠檬汁和葱提取物的LC50差异为51.999%和72.426%。在本研究中，柠檬汁和葱提取物具有杀蒂作用。
{"title":"In Vitro Test on the Effectiveness of Citrus limon and Allium sativum as Pediculicides","authors":"Elva Susanty, S. D. Lesmana, D. Afandi, Ragil Yulianto, Kevin Rovi Andhika","doi":"10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.4","url":null,"abstract":"Excessive usage of synthetic pediculicides, such as permethrin, lindane, and malathion, can induce resistance, environmental pollution, health problems, and even death. Efforts to prevent the side-effects of synthetic pediculicides are needed, one of which is by shifting to powerful yet safe natural pediculicides, such as Citrus limon (lemon) and Allium sativum (garlic). This study aimed to observe the effective concentration of Citrus limon and Allium sativum in vitro on the mortality of Pediculus humanus capitis (P. h. capitis). This research was an experimental laboratory study conducted in July to September 2019 in the Laboratory of Parasitology at Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau, while the making of Allium sativum extract was done at the Faculty of Mathematics and Science, University of Riau. A total of 288 samples of adult P. h. capitis was taken from children in two orphanages in Pekanbaru. Citrus limon juice and Allium sativum extract of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations, permethrin 1% as the positive control, and distilled water as the negative control were used in this study, and repetition was done three times. P. h. capitis mortality was observed every 10 - 120 minutes, characterized by the absence of movement of the legs and antenna. Data analysis was performed after 120 minutes with the one-way ANOVA test, LSD (=0.05), and Lethal Concentration 50 test (LC50). The one-way ANOVA test results of this study showed that statistically Citrus limon juice and Allium sativum extracts showed differences in each treatment formulation of juice on P. h. capitis mortality (Sig 0.017<0.05 and Sig 0.000<0.05) and LC50 juice of Citrus limon and Allium sativum extract by 51.999% and 72.426%. In this study, Citrus limon juice and Allium sativum extract had effect as pediculicides.","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85308120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.8
Nura Eky Vikawati, Hadi Sarosa, F. Makarim, Minidian Fasitasari
Physical activity (PA) has a positive effect on preventing risk on cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome, including obesity. Learning behavior that tends to be sedentary causes medical students to tend to be physically inactive. This present study aimed to associate the physical activity (PA) level with blood pressure, body mass index, and non-fasting blood glucose level (NFBG) among medical students. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March in 2019 on the first-year medical students at Sultan Agung Islamic University (UNISSULA). A total of 167 medical students (64.7% female and 35.3% male) were enrolled in this study. The international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ)-short form was used to measure the PA level. The activity level was classified into low, moderate, and high. Blood pressure and glucose level were measured using a digital sphygmomanometer and NFBG dipstick. The association between PA level and Body Mass Index (BMI), Blood Pressure (BP), and NFBG level were analyzed using Spearman's correlation test. Chi square test was done to analyse the difference of PA level between male and female groups. The majority of the respondents had a low PA level (64.7%). A positive association was shown between PA level and BMI (p<0.05, r=0.192). Female medical students tend to be physically inactive than males (OR 2.004, 95% CI (1.038-3.8690)). Female students need to be encouraged to do more physical activity. The university's policies that promote physical outdoor activity need to be suggested.
{"title":"Physical Activity Correlates to Body Mass Index among Medical Students","authors":"Nura Eky Vikawati, Hadi Sarosa, F. Makarim, Minidian Fasitasari","doi":"10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.8","url":null,"abstract":"Physical activity (PA) has a positive effect on preventing risk on cardiovascular and metabolic syndrome, including obesity. Learning behavior that tends to be sedentary causes medical students to tend to be physically inactive. This present study aimed to associate the physical activity (PA) level with blood pressure, body mass index, and non-fasting blood glucose level (NFBG) among medical students. This cross-sectional study was conducted from February to March in 2019 on the first-year medical students at Sultan Agung Islamic University (UNISSULA). A total of 167 medical students (64.7% female and 35.3% male) were enrolled in this study. The international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ)-short form was used to measure the PA level. The activity level was classified into low, moderate, and high. Blood pressure and glucose level were measured using a digital sphygmomanometer and NFBG dipstick. The association between PA level and Body Mass Index (BMI), Blood Pressure (BP), and NFBG level were analyzed using Spearman's correlation test. Chi square test was done to analyse the difference of PA level between male and female groups. The majority of the respondents had a low PA level (64.7%). A positive association was shown between PA level and BMI (p<0.05, r=0.192). Female medical students tend to be physically inactive than males (OR 2.004, 95% CI (1.038-3.8690)). Female students need to be encouraged to do more physical activity. The university's policies that promote physical outdoor activity need to be suggested. ","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75990086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.10
Luh Putu Ayu Pradnya Iswari, Abdi Agus Youandi, Wiwin Indriani
The surgery rooms have an important role in the hospital, so it must be managed properly. The surgery rooms consume 9% of the annual hospital budget. High operational costs caused by the large cost of human resources, medical materials, and other supporting facilities. This study was conducted in a private hospital type C with 181 beds and has four surgery rooms. The number of patients which was operated in X Hospital was very high, and the highest number in July 2019 reached 515 patients. There were a large supply of drugs and medical devices in the surgery rooms. The number of each drug reached hundreds ampoule, and medical devices reached tens and some in the hundreds. The management of pharmaceutical supplies in the surgery rooms was carried out by senior nurse head of surgery rooms. Monitoring logistic by pharmacy officer only done once a month. This made excessive of stock and become expired. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that cause the lack of pharmaceutical logistics monitoring in the surgery rooms. Determination the root of the problem was done by using a fishbone diagram through a Focus Group Discussion with the division heads and subdivision heads of X Hospital. Focus Group Discussion is done by asking the participants one by one to find the root of the problem based on five factors (man, material, method, machine, and environment). Obtained 8 root problems then analyzed with 5 why to get the main root problem. Furthermore, determine the biggest problem using the CARL (capability, accessibility, readiness, and leverage) method, with a weighting score between 1-5. The results found that the absence of pharmaceutical logistics monitoring SOP in the surgery rooms was the most contributing factor to the lack of pharmaceutical logistics monitoring in the surgery rooms.
{"title":"The Causes of Lack of Pharmaceutical Logistics Monitoring in Surgery Rooms: A Case Study in a Type C Hospital","authors":"Luh Putu Ayu Pradnya Iswari, Abdi Agus Youandi, Wiwin Indriani","doi":"10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.10","url":null,"abstract":"The surgery rooms have an important role in the hospital, so it must be managed properly. The surgery rooms consume 9% of the annual hospital budget. High operational costs caused by the large cost of human resources, medical materials, and other supporting facilities. This study was conducted in a private hospital type C with 181 beds and has four surgery rooms. The number of patients which was operated in X Hospital was very high, and the highest number in July 2019 reached 515 patients. There were a large supply of drugs and medical devices in the surgery rooms. The number of each drug reached hundreds ampoule, and medical devices reached tens and some in the hundreds. The management of pharmaceutical supplies in the surgery rooms was carried out by senior nurse head of surgery rooms. Monitoring logistic by pharmacy officer only done once a month. This made excessive of stock and become expired. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that cause the lack of pharmaceutical logistics monitoring in the surgery rooms. Determination the root of the problem was done by using a fishbone diagram through a Focus Group Discussion with the division heads and subdivision heads of X Hospital. Focus Group Discussion is done by asking the participants one by one to find the root of the problem based on five factors (man, material, method, machine, and environment). Obtained 8 root problems then analyzed with 5 why to get the main root problem. Furthermore, determine the biggest problem using the CARL (capability, accessibility, readiness, and leverage) method, with a weighting score between 1-5. The results found that the absence of pharmaceutical logistics monitoring SOP in the surgery rooms was the most contributing factor to the lack of pharmaceutical logistics monitoring in the surgery rooms.","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90542679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.1
Herlambang Herlambang, A. Rahman, Erny Kusdiyah
Unripe dates are believed by Indonesian citizens to increase fertility. This study aimed to assess the effect of unripe dates in the ovary of rats. Fresh yellow-colored dates were dried in an oven and crushed into powder. Eighteen rats aged three months and had given birth once were randomly divided into three groups. The treatment groups were given unripe dates at doses of 160mg/kgBW and 320mg/kgBW through a feeding tube for 28 days, and the control group was only given distilled water. Histopathological examination was carried out by the pathology expert using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining to observe the number of ovarian follicles according to their maturation stage. The results showed that the administration of unripe dates powder 320mg/kgBW increased corpus luteum number (21.50±4.72) and was statistically significant compared to the control group (15.16±3.71). Similar differences were also found in other stages of the follicle although not statistically significant. Administration of unripe date powder can increase ovulation induction among fertile rats.
{"title":"The Effect of Unripe Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) on Rat Ovarian Follicle Maturation and Ovulation","authors":"Herlambang Herlambang, A. Rahman, Erny Kusdiyah","doi":"10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.1","url":null,"abstract":"Unripe dates are believed by Indonesian citizens to increase fertility. This study aimed to assess the effect of unripe dates in the ovary of rats. Fresh yellow-colored dates were dried in an oven and crushed into powder. Eighteen rats aged three months and had given birth once were randomly divided into three groups. The treatment groups were given unripe dates at doses of 160mg/kgBW and 320mg/kgBW through a feeding tube for 28 days, and the control group was only given distilled water. Histopathological examination was carried out by the pathology expert using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining to observe the number of ovarian follicles according to their maturation stage. The results showed that the administration of unripe dates powder 320mg/kgBW increased corpus luteum number (21.50±4.72) and was statistically significant compared to the control group (15.16±3.71). Similar differences were also found in other stages of the follicle although not statistically significant. Administration of unripe date powder can increase ovulation induction among fertile rats.","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77711246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.5
I. Ismawati, I. Romus, Esy Maryanti, Nopi Permatasari, Elfiah Luthfianty
The effects of using proteasome inhibitors on atherosclerosis could be beneficial or detrimental. This study aimed to analyze the effects of proteasome inhibitors in the progression stage. Experimental animals (18 rats) were divided into three groups, namely control (C) as a group of rats given standard feed, P1 as atherosclerosis-induced rat group, and P2 as atherosclerosis-induced rat group and given proteasome inhibitors. Proteasome inhibitor administered was bortezomib at a dose of 50µg/kgBW/day intraperitoneally on day 1 and 3. After four days of treatment, the termination and measurement of serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and abdominal aorta histopathology with hematoxylin-eosin staining were carried out. Serum total cholesterol levels were measured using the CHOD-PAP (Cholesterol Oxidase-Peroxidase Aminoantypirin) method, whereas serum triglyceride levels were measured using the GPO-PAP (glycerol phosphatase oxidase−phenol4-amino antipyrene peroxidase) method. Histopathological assessment was carried out with a scoring system in 9 fields of view with a 400x magnification, which was then averaged. The ANOVA test showed significant differences in serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and abdominal aortic histopathology between atherosclerosis and control groups, but there were no significant differences in the administration of bortezomib in atherosclerosis except in serum triglyceride levels. It can be concluded that the administration of 50µg/kg bortezomib for four days in the rats model of the progression stage of atherosclerosis can decrease serum triglyceride levels, although it can not inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and has no effect on serum total cholesterol.
{"title":"Effect of Bortezomib on Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and Histopathology Abdominal Aorta in Rats of Atherosclerosis Model","authors":"I. Ismawati, I. Romus, Esy Maryanti, Nopi Permatasari, Elfiah Luthfianty","doi":"10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.5","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of using proteasome inhibitors on atherosclerosis could be beneficial or detrimental. This study aimed to analyze the effects of proteasome inhibitors in the progression stage. Experimental animals (18 rats) were divided into three groups, namely control (C) as a group of rats given standard feed, P1 as atherosclerosis-induced rat group, and P2 as atherosclerosis-induced rat group and given proteasome inhibitors. Proteasome inhibitor administered was bortezomib at a dose of 50µg/kgBW/day intraperitoneally on day 1 and 3. After four days of treatment, the termination and measurement of serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and abdominal aorta histopathology with hematoxylin-eosin staining were carried out. Serum total cholesterol levels were measured using the CHOD-PAP (Cholesterol Oxidase-Peroxidase Aminoantypirin) method, whereas serum triglyceride levels were measured using the GPO-PAP (glycerol phosphatase oxidase−phenol4-amino antipyrene peroxidase) method. Histopathological assessment was carried out with a scoring system in 9 fields of view with a 400x magnification, which was then averaged. The ANOVA test showed significant differences in serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, and abdominal aortic histopathology between atherosclerosis and control groups, but there were no significant differences in the administration of bortezomib in atherosclerosis except in serum triglyceride levels. It can be concluded that the administration of 50µg/kg bortezomib for four days in the rats model of the progression stage of atherosclerosis can decrease serum triglyceride levels, although it can not inhibit the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and has no effect on serum total cholesterol. ","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"213 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74617828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.7
D. Hasni, Indah Cahya Sagala, Mutiara Anissa, Febianne Eldrian
Weight-gain is one of the antipsychotic side effects, and it can increase the risk factor of metabolic syndrome. Several studies relate it to increase leptin levels. This research was conducted to determine the profile of leptin levels in schizophrenic patients who were receiving antipsychotic therapy at Prof. DR. HB Saanin Mental Hospital. The research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 on schizophrenic patients who were taking antipsychotic drugs. This research was conducted on 50 samples by using consecutive sampling techniques. Data analysis using univariate are presented in geometric mean and CI 95%. Moreover, a Comparison of leptin levels between groups was performed by T-test and one-way ANOVA. The average leptin level from 50 samples of schizophrenic patients was 5.12µg/ml (CI 95%=3.32-7.90). The highest average leptin level is from the 46-55 year age group which is 11.32µg/ml (CI 95% =5.24 - 24.42), female is 13.29µg/ml (CI 95%=5.84-30.26), BMI ≥30kg/m2 is 12.84µg/ml (CI 95%=4.31-38.23), subjects with above-average waist circumference is 5.54µg/ml ( CI 95%=3.45-8.90), and the atypical group of drugs is 6.08µg/ml (IK 95%=3.41-10.84). Increasing levels of leptin occur in schizophrenic patients who were 46-55 y.o, female BMI ≥30kg/m2, above-average waist circumference, and receiving atypical antipsychotics.
{"title":"Profile of Leptin Levels in Schizophrenic patients Receiving Antipsychotic Therapy in Prof. Dr. HB Saanin Hospital Padang","authors":"D. Hasni, Indah Cahya Sagala, Mutiara Anissa, Febianne Eldrian","doi":"10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.7","url":null,"abstract":"Weight-gain is one of the antipsychotic side effects, and it can increase the risk factor of metabolic syndrome. Several studies relate it to increase leptin levels. This research was conducted to determine the profile of leptin levels in schizophrenic patients who were receiving antipsychotic therapy at Prof. DR. HB Saanin Mental Hospital. The research was conducted from November 2019 to January 2020 on schizophrenic patients who were taking antipsychotic drugs. This research was conducted on 50 samples by using consecutive sampling techniques. Data analysis using univariate are presented in geometric mean and CI 95%. Moreover, a Comparison of leptin levels between groups was performed by T-test and one-way ANOVA. The average leptin level from 50 samples of schizophrenic patients was 5.12µg/ml (CI 95%=3.32-7.90). The highest average leptin level is from the 46-55 year age group which is 11.32µg/ml (CI 95% =5.24 - 24.42), female is 13.29µg/ml (CI 95%=5.84-30.26), BMI ≥30kg/m2 is 12.84µg/ml (CI 95%=4.31-38.23), subjects with above-average waist circumference is 5.54µg/ml ( CI 95%=3.45-8.90), and the atypical group of drugs is 6.08µg/ml (IK 95%=3.41-10.84). Increasing levels of leptin occur in schizophrenic patients who were 46-55 y.o, female BMI ≥30kg/m2, above-average waist circumference, and receiving atypical antipsychotics.","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90871254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-10-01DOI: 10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.9
Imanuel Far-Far, A. Endaryanto, R. A. Setyoningrum, Gatot Soegiarto
The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased in the last decade. Therefore, precise and reliable in predicting allergy in children were needed. However, in daily practice, most misdiagnosis occurs because it is only based on a family history of allergy. This study aims to evaluate the chronicity, recurrence of symptoms with similar exposure, and family history of allergy to be used as a predictor of allergy in children with respiratory symptoms. Cross sectional study was conducted in children who referred to the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya from January 1st - July 31st 2019. Children with a suspected allergy who developed respiratory symptoms was included. The data was taken from standardized medical record. The sensitivity and specificity of the 3 characteristics of atopic with positive SPT were calculated. A total of 115 children were admitted and 109 children fulfill the inclusion criteria. Gender 60% male and 40% female. The most common group of age founded was age 5-<10 years 39.4%, followed by 1-<3 years (25.8%), 3-<5 years (22.9%), 10 years 8.3%, and <1 year (3.6%). Fifty-four patients (49.5%) fulfilled 3 characteristics of atopy and there were 64 patients (58.7%) with positive SPT results. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 81.3%, 95.6%, 96.3%, and 78.2%, respectively. The 3 characteristics of atopy have good sensitivity and specificity to predict allergy in children.
{"title":"Three Characterisctics of Atopy to Diagnose Allergy in Children with Respiratory Symptomps","authors":"Imanuel Far-Far, A. Endaryanto, R. A. Setyoningrum, Gatot Soegiarto","doi":"10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/UB.JKB.2020.031.02.9","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of allergic diseases has increased in the last decade. Therefore, precise and reliable in predicting allergy in children were needed. However, in daily practice, most misdiagnosis occurs because it is only based on a family history of allergy. This study aims to evaluate the chronicity, recurrence of symptoms with similar exposure, and family history of allergy to be used as a predictor of allergy in children with respiratory symptoms. Cross sectional study was conducted in children who referred to the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya from January 1st - July 31st 2019. Children with a suspected allergy who developed respiratory symptoms was included. The data was taken from standardized medical record. The sensitivity and specificity of the 3 characteristics of atopic with positive SPT were calculated. A total of 115 children were admitted and 109 children fulfill the inclusion criteria. Gender 60% male and 40% female. The most common group of age founded was age 5-<10 years 39.4%, followed by 1-<3 years (25.8%), 3-<5 years (22.9%), 10 years 8.3%, and <1 year (3.6%). Fifty-four patients (49.5%) fulfilled 3 characteristics of atopy and there were 64 patients (58.7%) with positive SPT results. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 81.3%, 95.6%, 96.3%, and 78.2%, respectively. The 3 characteristics of atopy have good sensitivity and specificity to predict allergy in children.","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79349921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-29DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.01.2
Septiarina Putri Dewantari, Hairrudin Hairrudin, E. N. Sakinah
Overweight, whose prevalence is increasing, is caused by unbalanced consumption patterns such as high consumption of fat and can trigger hypercholesterolemia. Analog rice (AR), which has better nutritional content than ordinary rice, is thought to have beneficial effects on health. This study aimed to determine the potential of analog rice in reducing body weight and total cholesterol levels. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, namely: I) control, II) ordinary rice treatment, III) analog rice 1 treatment (PBA1) and IV) analog rice 2 treatment (PBA2). The control group was given standard feed for 40 days ad libitum. Groups II, III, and IV were given a combination induction of high-fat diet (HFD) for 40 days ad libitum and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 35 mg/kg single dose on day 33. All groups were then given the treatment of diet for three weeks according to their respective groups, namely the standard, ordinary rice, analog rice 1, and analog rice 2 feed. Body weight and total cholesterol levels were measured in the pre-induction, post-induction/pre-treatment (pre-test), and post-treatment (post-test). The results of the study showed that the induction of the HFD-STZ combination carried out resulted in a significant increase in body weight and total cholesterol levels. Measurements made after dietary therapy showed that body weight and total cholesterol levels in the I and II groups did not change significantly, whereas those in the III and IV groups decreased significantly (p<0.05). This study concluded that the administration of analog rice could reduce body weight and total cholesterol levels in overweight and hypercholesterolemia rats.
{"title":"Analog Rice Reduces Weight and Total Cholesterol Levels in Overweight and Hypercholesterolemic Rats","authors":"Septiarina Putri Dewantari, Hairrudin Hairrudin, E. N. Sakinah","doi":"10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.01.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.01.2","url":null,"abstract":"Overweight, whose prevalence is increasing, is caused by unbalanced consumption patterns such as high consumption of fat and can trigger hypercholesterolemia. Analog rice (AR), which has better nutritional content than ordinary rice, is thought to have beneficial effects on health. This study aimed to determine the potential of analog rice in reducing body weight and total cholesterol levels. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, namely: I) control, II) ordinary rice treatment, III) analog rice 1 treatment (PBA1) and IV) analog rice 2 treatment (PBA2). The control group was given standard feed for 40 days ad libitum. Groups II, III, and IV were given a combination induction of high-fat diet (HFD) for 40 days ad libitum and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) 35 mg/kg single dose on day 33. All groups were then given the treatment of diet for three weeks according to their respective groups, namely the standard, ordinary rice, analog rice 1, and analog rice 2 feed. Body weight and total cholesterol levels were measured in the pre-induction, post-induction/pre-treatment (pre-test), and post-treatment (post-test). The results of the study showed that the induction of the HFD-STZ combination carried out resulted in a significant increase in body weight and total cholesterol levels. Measurements made after dietary therapy showed that body weight and total cholesterol levels in the I and II groups did not change significantly, whereas those in the III and IV groups decreased significantly (p<0.05). This study concluded that the administration of analog rice could reduce body weight and total cholesterol levels in overweight and hypercholesterolemia rats. ","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90525810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-29DOI: 10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.01.4
A. M. Charisma, Intan Febiola Arianing
Mercuric chloride may deposit in the liver with a high metabolic rate, delivering substrate and energy from one metabolic system to others, and processing and synthesizing various substances transported to the body. This research aimed to determine the effect of vitamin E administration on liver histopathology of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to mercuric chloride and to determine the histopathological image of the liver. Samples were grouped into P0 (not treated), P1 (mercuric chloride 50 mg/kgBW), P2 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 50mg/kgBW), P3 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 100mg/kgBW), and P4 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 150mg/kgBW) using experiment laboratory method. The data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA to recognize the difference in changes in vitamin E on hepatocytes damage exposed to mercury chloride. The results showed mercury chloride damages hepatocyte, while the administration of vitamin E as a whole showed changes in hepatocyte repair. The optimal dose for hepatocyte repair is 100mg/kgBW.
{"title":"The Effect of Vitamin E Administration on Histopathological Description of Mice (Mus musculus) Liver Exposed to Mercuric Chloride","authors":"A. M. Charisma, Intan Febiola Arianing","doi":"10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.01.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jkb.2020.031.01.4","url":null,"abstract":"Mercuric chloride may deposit in the liver with a high metabolic rate, delivering substrate and energy from one metabolic system to others, and processing and synthesizing various substances transported to the body. This research aimed to determine the effect of vitamin E administration on liver histopathology of mice (Mus musculus) exposed to mercuric chloride and to determine the histopathological image of the liver. Samples were grouped into P0 (not treated), P1 (mercuric chloride 50 mg/kgBW), P2 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 50mg/kgBW), P3 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 100mg/kgBW), and P4 (mercuric chloride 50mg/kgBW + vitamin E 150mg/kgBW) using experiment laboratory method. The data were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA to recognize the difference in changes in vitamin E on hepatocytes damage exposed to mercury chloride. The results showed mercury chloride damages hepatocyte, while the administration of vitamin E as a whole showed changes in hepatocyte repair. The optimal dose for hepatocyte repair is 100mg/kgBW. ","PeriodicalId":17705,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77082918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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