: The promotion of paddy rice planted area is one of the important factors for estimating pesticide concentration in river water. The aim of this paper is estimating a ratio of paddy rice planted area derived from the National Land Numerical Information (NLNI) and statistics of agriculture using FOSS4G (Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial). First, we developed a spatial database about land use and river basin. And we calculated factors to convert paddy categories in NLNI to paddy rice planted area based on agricultural statistics. Then, the ratio of paddy rice planted area of prefectures, river systems and upstream basin area on river discharge monitoring sites were estimated. It is concluded that the estimation based on NLNI and statistics of agriculture reflected characteristic of the upstream basin at river discharge monitoring sites.
水稻种植面积的增加是估算河水中农药浓度的重要因素之一。本文的目的是利用FOSS4G (Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial)，从国家土地数字信息(NLNI)和农业统计数据中估算出水稻种植面积的比例。首先，建立了土地利用和流域空间数据库。并在农业统计的基础上，通过计算因子将NLNI的水稻种类转换为水稻种植面积。然后，估算了各县、水系和上游流域水稻种植面积在河流流量监测点上的比例。结果表明，基于NLNI和农业统计的估算反映了河流流量监测点上游流域的特征。
{"title":"Estimation of paddy rice planted area in an upstream basin: -Analysis based on National Land Numerical Information and Statistics of Agriculture-","authors":"N. Iwasaki, K. Inao, T. Nagai","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.24.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.24.31","url":null,"abstract":": The promotion of paddy rice planted area is one of the important factors for estimating pesticide concentration in river water. The aim of this paper is estimating a ratio of paddy rice planted area derived from the National Land Numerical Information (NLNI) and statistics of agriculture using FOSS4G (Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial). First, we developed a spatial database about land use and river basin. And we calculated factors to convert paddy categories in NLNI to paddy rice planted area based on agricultural statistics. Then, the ratio of paddy rice planted area of prefectures, river systems and upstream basin area on river discharge monitoring sites were estimated. It is concluded that the estimation based on NLNI and statistics of agriculture reflected characteristic of the upstream basin at river discharge monitoring sites.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"241 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121039284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shunsuke Shimizu, T. Nakajima, Katsutoshi Takezoe, S. Tatsuhara
: We classified unsuccessful 60-year-old forests, planted mainly with hinoki cypress ( Chamaecyparis obtusa ), into types based on the species composition of invading trees, and determined the change of each forest type. Thematic maps of topographic factors were derived from a digital elevation model generated from LiDAR data. The study area was classified into four forest types, based on tree regression analysis of species composition and the topographic factors. Then the dominance of C. obtusa and invading trees was determined from the distribution maps of their top heights created based on tree regression analyses of them and the topographic factors. The relationship between the dominance of them and forest types was shown. Finally, changes in the stand volume of each forest type were determined. Based on the results, we suggest the following three future management policies for each forest type, taking into consideration the timber price of invading hardwood trees, the growth of C. obtusa , and the increase in stand volume: no operations, reinforcement planting, or switching to mixed conifers and hardwood forests.
{"title":"Classification of unsuccessful Chamaecyparis obtusa plantations into forest types","authors":"Shunsuke Shimizu, T. Nakajima, Katsutoshi Takezoe, S. Tatsuhara","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.24.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.24.13","url":null,"abstract":": We classified unsuccessful 60-year-old forests, planted mainly with hinoki cypress ( Chamaecyparis obtusa ), into types based on the species composition of invading trees, and determined the change of each forest type. Thematic maps of topographic factors were derived from a digital elevation model generated from LiDAR data. The study area was classified into four forest types, based on tree regression analysis of species composition and the topographic factors. Then the dominance of C. obtusa and invading trees was determined from the distribution maps of their top heights created based on tree regression analyses of them and the topographic factors. The relationship between the dominance of them and forest types was shown. Finally, changes in the stand volume of each forest type were determined. Based on the results, we suggest the following three future management policies for each forest type, taking into consideration the timber price of invading hardwood trees, the growth of C. obtusa , and the increase in stand volume: no operations, reinforcement planting, or switching to mixed conifers and hardwood forests.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126982120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Point event cluster detection in networks have been proposed recently; they are suitable for analyses based on detailed location information, as they can describe the micro-space variation of locations of point events at the street level. However, the previous methods lack the flexibility to control the shapes of detected clusters; one can only detect ‘ circle-like ’ compact clusters that might include links where point events are scarcely distributed, and the other can only detect complex-shaped clusters that are difficult to interpret their causes. This paper proposes a shape complexity index in networks and a new cluster detection method imposing constraint on the shape complexity based on the proposed index. The application revealed that the proposed method succeeds in controlling the shape complexity of detected clusters in networks.
{"title":"Spatial Cluster Detection Imposing Constraint on Shape Complexity in Networks","authors":"R. Inoue, M. Tsukahara","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.24.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.24.39","url":null,"abstract":": Point event cluster detection in networks have been proposed recently; they are suitable for analyses based on detailed location information, as they can describe the micro-space variation of locations of point events at the street level. However, the previous methods lack the flexibility to control the shapes of detected clusters; one can only detect ‘ circle-like ’ compact clusters that might include links where point events are scarcely distributed, and the other can only detect complex-shaped clusters that are difficult to interpret their causes. This paper proposes a shape complexity index in networks and a new cluster detection method imposing constraint on the shape complexity based on the proposed index. The application revealed that the proposed method succeeds in controlling the shape complexity of detected clusters in networks.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132375445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is inferred that spatial trend of Jomon occupation sites was largely affected by various and mixed environmental factors such as elevation, slope, land aspect, solar radiation and subsurface geology. In order to identify the most influential factors in selecting occupation sites, we conducted a GIS and univariate analyses of the location of archaeological sites in the Southwestern Kanto region. Then, we used a general linear model and a standardized partial regression coefficient analysis to investigate the relative importance of each environmental factor. As a result, we confirmed that the Jomon sites were distributed on uplands or gradual hills 7 to 21% more than expected by chance. Previously, solar radiation, slope and aspect of lands, that were thought to be main factors for site selection, but we revealed that the Loam layer in subsurface geology (distributed on upland and gradual hill) was the most important factor.
{"title":"Spatial trends of past occupation sites in southwestern part of Kanto region in Jomon Period, Japan: -Multivariate analyses of natural environmental factors-","authors":"Kato Susumu, Otsuki Hisashi, Kondo Yasuhisa, Nasu Hiroo, Hongo Hitomi","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.24.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.24.23","url":null,"abstract":"It is inferred that spatial trend of Jomon occupation sites was largely affected by various and mixed environmental factors such as elevation, slope, land aspect, solar radiation and subsurface geology. In order to identify the most influential factors in selecting occupation sites, we conducted a GIS and univariate analyses of the location of archaeological sites in the Southwestern Kanto region. Then, we used a general linear model and a standardized partial regression coefficient analysis to investigate the relative importance of each environmental factor. As a result, we confirmed that the Jomon sites were distributed on uplands or gradual hills 7 to 21% more than expected by chance. Previously, solar radiation, slope and aspect of lands, that were thought to be main factors for site selection, but we revealed that the Loam layer in subsurface geology (distributed on upland and gradual hill) was the most important factor.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134395122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the mid-18th century, the eighth shogun of Tokugawa Shogunate Tokugawa Yoshimune restored 6 falconry fields named “Okobushiba” in the rural periphery around the city of Edo. The villages of the falconry fields, were designated as bird sanctuaries and villagers were tasked various labor services to support the sanctuary. This study aims to reconstruct the boundaries of these 6 falconry fields by applying present census boundary data sets. The methodology has two advantages over tracing old paper based maps. Firstly, the present census boundaries inherit the old boundaries of the villages during the Tokugawa Shogunate Era. Secondly, the data sets are organized and made easily accessible for use as a framework for various areas of study. This paper will introduce the methodology and processes utilized in the building of the 6 falconry fields.
{"title":"An Application of Census Boundary Data-Sets for Reconstructing 6 Falconry Fields of the Tokugawa Shogunate: －国勢調査小地域境界データを活用して－","authors":"Muneyuki Natsume, Yuta Hara, Satoshi Aasano","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.23.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.23.43","url":null,"abstract":"In the mid-18th century, the eighth shogun of Tokugawa Shogunate Tokugawa Yoshimune restored 6 falconry fields named “Okobushiba” in the rural periphery around the city of Edo. The villages of the falconry fields, were designated as bird sanctuaries and villagers were tasked various labor services to support the sanctuary. This study aims to reconstruct the boundaries of these 6 falconry fields by applying present census boundary data sets. The methodology has two advantages over tracing old paper based maps. Firstly, the present census boundaries inherit the old boundaries of the villages during the Tokugawa Shogunate Era. Secondly, the data sets are organized and made easily accessible for use as a framework for various areas of study. This paper will introduce the methodology and processes utilized in the building of the 6 falconry fields.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116006316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study reviews to promote participatory workshops with a data set that has been offered free of charge or with open data from local governments in case of “Urban Data Challenge Tokyo 2013 (UDCT2013). We developed a platform that can be viewed on more than the web sites of local government when seeking solutions to regional problems and that takes advantage of geospatial information. It is easy to find and to download, but the application of these data to regional problems is limited. Therefore, an increase in programs that combine enhancements and platforms that easy access and use to more variety of open geospatial data is necessary.
{"title":"The Development of a Framework in Support of Open Geospatial Data and Civic Tech: A Case Study of the Urban Data Challenge of Tokyo 2013: －アーバンデータチャレンジ東京2013の取り組みを通して－","authors":"Toshikazu Seto, Y. Sekimoto","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.23.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.23.59","url":null,"abstract":"This study reviews to promote participatory workshops with a data set that has been offered free of charge or with open data from local governments in case of “Urban Data Challenge Tokyo 2013 (UDCT2013). We developed a platform that can be viewed on more than the web sites of local government when seeking solutions to regional problems and that takes advantage of geospatial information. It is easy to find and to download, but the application of these data to regional problems is limited. Therefore, an increase in programs that combine enhancements and platforms that easy access and use to more variety of open geospatial data is necessary.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115738512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Smartphones have been becoming increasingly popular since iPhone launched in 2007. In Japan, base map data and disaster prevention related data became available for everyone, because of promotion of open data by the government. Consequently, it becomes possible that everyone makes a GIS application and a disaster prevention application. Therefore, this study tried to develop a disaster prevention application to use open data and a smartphone (iPhone). The used data are free geospatial data which are shelters data and floods areas data in the national land numerical information (NLNI). The developed application can display a flood level, floods areas (hazard map) and flood river information, and search suitable shelters for evacuation and evacuation routes to the shelters.
{"title":"Development of a Floods Hazard Map Application for iPhone Using Open Data","authors":"T. Amano","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.23.37","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.23.37","url":null,"abstract":"Smartphones have been becoming increasingly popular since iPhone launched in 2007. In Japan, base map data and disaster prevention related data became available for everyone, because of promotion of open data by the government. Consequently, it becomes possible that everyone makes a GIS application and a disaster prevention application. Therefore, this study tried to develop a disaster prevention application to use open data and a smartphone (iPhone). The used data are free geospatial data which are shelters data and floods areas data in the national land numerical information (NLNI). The developed application can display a flood level, floods areas (hazard map) and flood river information, and search suitable shelters for evacuation and evacuation routes to the shelters.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131964650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: This paper presents location-allocation model incorporated with location cost consisting of land acquisition cost, building construction cost, and medical equipment cost. The cost functions for the location cost are estimated using national data of public hospitals. Joetsu secondary medical area in Niigata Prefecture, Japan is selected as a study area, in which eight public medical facilities are located. The optimal locations for public medical facilities in this medical area are obtained by applying location-allocation model under the constraint to reduce 5% of current location cost as a numerical reduction target of location cost. It is clear that the optimal location consisting of five public facilities can reduce 5% of current location cost without hardly deteriorating access to facilities.
{"title":"Location-allocation analyses incorporated with cost function to public medical facilities: A case study of Joetsu secondary medical area","authors":"Y. Aiba","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.23.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.23.1","url":null,"abstract":": This paper presents location-allocation model incorporated with location cost consisting of land acquisition cost, building construction cost, and medical equipment cost. The cost functions for the location cost are estimated using national data of public hospitals. Joetsu secondary medical area in Niigata Prefecture, Japan is selected as a study area, in which eight public medical facilities are located. The optimal locations for public medical facilities in this medical area are obtained by applying location-allocation model under the constraint to reduce 5% of current location cost as a numerical reduction target of location cost. It is clear that the optimal location consisting of five public facilities can reduce 5% of current location cost without hardly deteriorating access to facilities.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"1011 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128279653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study attempted to analyze tsunami evacuation behavior issues using trajectory data obtained via satellite positioning system in a heavy snow and cold area. This study chose Kushiro, Hokkaido as the research area, as this city has the largest population among the Hokkaido costal municipalities where tsunamis may be expected to occur. The mobile trajectory data were recorded with a handheld GPS (global positioning system) device in summer and in winter, and analyzed to compare summer and winter data. The mobile trajectory data were visualized by kernel density estimation focused decreases in walking speed using GIS (geographic information system). As a result, it was established that obstacles to the evacuation were different in summer and in winter. The study suggests the need to evaluate tsunami evacuation measures by season.
{"title":"An Analysis of Trajectory Data for Quasi Tsunami Evacuation in a Heavy Snow and Cold Area","authors":"Yusuke Okuno, Y. Hashimoto","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.23.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.23.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempted to analyze tsunami evacuation behavior issues using trajectory data obtained via satellite positioning system in a heavy snow and cold area. This study chose Kushiro, Hokkaido as the research area, as this city has the largest population among the Hokkaido costal municipalities where tsunamis may be expected to occur. The mobile trajectory data were recorded with a handheld GPS (global positioning system) device in summer and in winter, and analyzed to compare summer and winter data. The mobile trajectory data were visualized by kernel density estimation focused decreases in walking speed using GIS (geographic information system). As a result, it was established that obstacles to the evacuation were different in summer and in winter. The study suggests the need to evaluate tsunami evacuation measures by season.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131464266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hiroto Tanouchi, H. Amaguchi, A. Kawamura, N. Nakagawa, Tatsuya Koga
: In this study, a new automated construction method of minute road segments is developed. Numerical simulation models for rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model considering process on roads were based on so-called “Minute road segments” that are formed as simple shape polygons to calculate the flow on roads. In the developed method, firstly crossroads are demarcated from road sections of uninterrupted flow in order to simplify a polygon of road. Secondly road sec tions and crossroads are divided into minute road segments. The developed method was applied for Kanda catchment and the shapes of minute road segments were validated.It was demonstrated that minute road segments can be created by using the method of this study.
{"title":"Study on an Automated Construction Method of Minute Road Segments aiming at Urban Storm Runoff Analysis","authors":"Hiroto Tanouchi, H. Amaguchi, A. Kawamura, N. Nakagawa, Tatsuya Koga","doi":"10.5638/THAGIS.22.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5638/THAGIS.22.93","url":null,"abstract":": In this study, a new automated construction method of minute road segments is developed. Numerical simulation models for rainfall-runoff and flood inundation model considering process on roads were based on so-called “Minute road segments” that are formed as simple shape polygons to calculate the flow on roads. In the developed method, firstly crossroads are demarcated from road sections of uninterrupted flow in order to simplify a polygon of road. Secondly road sec tions and crossroads are divided into minute road segments. The developed method was applied for Kanda catchment and the shapes of minute road segments were validated.It was demonstrated that minute road segments can be created by using the method of this study.","PeriodicalId":177070,"journal":{"name":"Theory and Applications of GIS","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130380818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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