Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5590049
S. Prousch, C. Breuer, L. Zhao, M. Hubner, A. Moser
Supplying a reliable, efficient, economic electrical service to all customers is the basic responsibility of utilities. However, increasing penetration of new customers in distribution grids as dispersed generation (DG), electric heating systems and electric vehicles (EV), makes conventional operation of energy supply systems difficult while meeting the aforementioned responsibility. Therefore, the question arises if these new customers can be used as standalone energy sources or mobile storage devices to counter aforementioned development and relieve increasing stress on distribution grids. To answer that question a method is developed to optimize the operation of DG units, EV and electric heating systems to prevent extension of existing distribution grids and to achieve minimum operational costs. This paper presents the results of an investigation of an comprehensive supply task in order to demonstrate the functionality of the developed method and to determine the profit of an operational optimization.
{"title":"Operational optimization of municipal energy supply systems","authors":"S. Prousch, C. Breuer, L. Zhao, M. Hubner, A. Moser","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5590049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5590049","url":null,"abstract":"Supplying a reliable, efficient, economic electrical service to all customers is the basic responsibility of utilities. However, increasing penetration of new customers in distribution grids as dispersed generation (DG), electric heating systems and electric vehicles (EV), makes conventional operation of energy supply systems difficult while meeting the aforementioned responsibility. Therefore, the question arises if these new customers can be used as standalone energy sources or mobile storage devices to counter aforementioned development and relieve increasing stress on distribution grids. To answer that question a method is developed to optimize the operation of DG units, EV and electric heating systems to prevent extension of existing distribution grids and to achieve minimum operational costs. This paper presents the results of an investigation of an comprehensive supply task in order to demonstrate the functionality of the developed method and to determine the profit of an operational optimization.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114694875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5589835
M. Donnelly, Deborah Harvey, Ryan L. Munson, D. Trudnowski
Recent research has demonstrated that many electric loads could cost-effectively become intelligent, allowing for the potential of the loads to more actively participate in system operation and control. This paper investigates benefits and potential pitfalls of decentralized intelligent load control for frequency regulation and improved stability control. Issues addressed in this paper include: the control strategy, the effect of a highly distributed nature of the loads within a distribution system, the effect of a discretized control action, and the effect of time-delay on the control action. Issues are investigated using a 16-machine example power system that has similar characteristics of the western North American power system.
{"title":"Frequency and stability control using decentralized intelligent loads: Benefits and pitfalls","authors":"M. Donnelly, Deborah Harvey, Ryan L. Munson, D. Trudnowski","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5589835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5589835","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has demonstrated that many electric loads could cost-effectively become intelligent, allowing for the potential of the loads to more actively participate in system operation and control. This paper investigates benefits and potential pitfalls of decentralized intelligent load control for frequency regulation and improved stability control. Issues addressed in this paper include: the control strategy, the effect of a highly distributed nature of the loads within a distribution system, the effect of a discretized control action, and the effect of time-delay on the control action. Issues are investigated using a 16-machine example power system that has similar characteristics of the western North American power system.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114695320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5590140
W. Gu, Z. Wu, X. Yuan
Combined heat and power system (CHP) with renewable energy generation, which operates with high efficiency and low costs, is an important form of microgrid. This paper deals with the problem of economic operation of cogeneration system including wind energy, PV, heat recovery boiler and battery. On the basis of predicting the next 24-hours' wind energy and PV power, power and heat demand, a nonlinear optimal model is built to deal with the economic operation of available power resources and formulate the 24-hours' work schedule. Besides, this paper focuses on the effect of battery and peak-valley electricity price on system operation costs. Four different cases with a test CHP system are compared. Test results indicate that peak-valley electricity price would increase the system operating costs, while using battery and peak load shifting can effectively reduce operating costs.
{"title":"Microgrid economic optimal operation of the combined heat and power system with renewable energy","authors":"W. Gu, Z. Wu, X. Yuan","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5590140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5590140","url":null,"abstract":"Combined heat and power system (CHP) with renewable energy generation, which operates with high efficiency and low costs, is an important form of microgrid. This paper deals with the problem of economic operation of cogeneration system including wind energy, PV, heat recovery boiler and battery. On the basis of predicting the next 24-hours' wind energy and PV power, power and heat demand, a nonlinear optimal model is built to deal with the economic operation of available power resources and formulate the 24-hours' work schedule. Besides, this paper focuses on the effect of battery and peak-valley electricity price on system operation costs. Four different cases with a test CHP system are compared. Test results indicate that peak-valley electricity price would increase the system operating costs, while using battery and peak load shifting can effectively reduce operating costs.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"219 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115076943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5589325
HyungSeon Oh
System planning on a large-scale electric power system is computationally challenging. Network reduction into a small system can significantly reduce the computational expense. The Ward equivalent technique is widely used for the reduction; however, it may not yield the same flow pattern as the original network. In this paper, a new methodology for network reduction is proposed and the results are compared with those from other methodologies.
{"title":"A new network reduction methodology for congestion study","authors":"HyungSeon Oh","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5589325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5589325","url":null,"abstract":"System planning on a large-scale electric power system is computationally challenging. Network reduction into a small system can significantly reduce the computational expense. The Ward equivalent technique is widely used for the reduction; however, it may not yield the same flow pattern as the original network. In this paper, a new methodology for network reduction is proposed and the results are compared with those from other methodologies.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116872998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5590059
M. Shankar, J. Nutaro, J. Stovall
We discuss the evolving role of communication and control for automatic load management in electric distribution systems. We start by reprising a description of the Athens project - one of the earliest deployed examples of automatic load management at consumers enabled by communication signals. We observe that the use of communication for such systems has gone through distinct phases in its evolution addressing emerging requirements (some mandated by policy) for system reliability. The present day needs for increased smarts in the grid motivate integrated simulations of communications and control with electric grid behavior. We support this argument with a simulation case study illustrating how load management depends on the overlying communication system parameters when it provides frequency regulation in the electric grid.
{"title":"Evolution of communication and control for electric grid load management","authors":"M. Shankar, J. Nutaro, J. Stovall","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5590059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5590059","url":null,"abstract":"We discuss the evolving role of communication and control for automatic load management in electric distribution systems. We start by reprising a description of the Athens project - one of the earliest deployed examples of automatic load management at consumers enabled by communication signals. We observe that the use of communication for such systems has gone through distinct phases in its evolution addressing emerging requirements (some mandated by policy) for system reliability. The present day needs for increased smarts in the grid motivate integrated simulations of communications and control with electric grid behavior. We support this argument with a simulation case study illustrating how load management depends on the overlying communication system parameters when it provides frequency regulation in the electric grid.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117050987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5589998
H. Zhou, J. Z. Cao, C. Guo, J. Qin
For building self-healing, interactive and collaborative intelligent distribution network and meeting the needs on energy management of intelligent distribution network with high penetration of Distribution Generations (DGs), smart integration has become very important. Multi-agent System and Service-oriented architecture (MAS-SOA) will provide new ways and means for the establishment of the distributed, open and flexible system. This paper briefly analyzes advantages of the MAS-SOA architecture and design consideration of the MAS-SOA in integration for intelligent distribution network. In this architecture, the specific service is realized by encapsulating agent, which is interacted with other agent services through the Enterprize Service Bus(ESB). Web Service-Agent Adapter is designed as the standard interface between agent and the other services. It advocates a smarter approach to infrastructure upgrades where we would architect and integrate business processes in a flexible manner so that they can be agile and can dynamically adapt to changes. Finally, Cooperative control of the microgrids in wide area based on MAS-SOA architecture is presented as an example.
为了构建自愈、互动、协同的智能配电网，满足配电代(dg)普及率高的智能配电网对能源管理的需求，智能集成变得非常重要。多代理系统和面向服务的体系结构(MAS-SOA)将为建立分布式、开放和灵活的系统提供新的途径和手段。本文简要分析了MAS-SOA体系结构的优点，以及在智能配电网集成中MAS-SOA的设计考虑。在这个体系结构中，特定的服务是通过封装代理实现的，代理通过企业服务总线(enterprise service Bus, ESB)与其他代理服务交互。Web服务-代理适配器被设计为代理和其他服务之间的标准接口。它提倡一种更智能的基础设施升级方法，在这种方法中，我们将以灵活的方式构建和集成业务流程，以便它们能够灵活地适应变化。最后，给出了基于MAS-SOA架构的广域微电网协同控制实例。
{"title":"The architecture of intelligent distribution network based on MAS-SOA","authors":"H. Zhou, J. Z. Cao, C. Guo, J. Qin","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5589998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5589998","url":null,"abstract":"For building self-healing, interactive and collaborative intelligent distribution network and meeting the needs on energy management of intelligent distribution network with high penetration of Distribution Generations (DGs), smart integration has become very important. Multi-agent System and Service-oriented architecture (MAS-SOA) will provide new ways and means for the establishment of the distributed, open and flexible system. This paper briefly analyzes advantages of the MAS-SOA architecture and design consideration of the MAS-SOA in integration for intelligent distribution network. In this architecture, the specific service is realized by encapsulating agent, which is interacted with other agent services through the Enterprize Service Bus(ESB). Web Service-Agent Adapter is designed as the standard interface between agent and the other services. It advocates a smarter approach to infrastructure upgrades where we would architect and integrate business processes in a flexible manner so that they can be agile and can dynamically adapt to changes. Finally, Cooperative control of the microgrids in wide area based on MAS-SOA architecture is presented as an example.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116332196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5589626
M. Amin, Osama A. Mohammed
This paper presents a performance analysis of wind-powered self-excited induction generator (SEIG) and a vector-controlled PWM converter. Three-phase voltage-source converters are the building blocks of a large number of power electronic systems. The origin of difficulties in the control of the above converters is in their nonlinear nature. The PWM current control technique is used to derive the switching signals for the converter. Closed-loop control of the converter utilizes a conventional proportional integral (PI) controller. In order to examine the dynamic performance of the system, its model is simulated and results are analyzed. The simulation results and experimental results are presented. The experimental results were obtained using Dspace DS1104 R&D controller board which confirms good performance of the proposed control system and agree with the simulation results. The results verify the validity of the proposed model and show practical promise in renewable energy applications.
{"title":"DC-bus voltage control of three-phase PWM converters connected to wind powered induction generator","authors":"M. Amin, Osama A. Mohammed","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5589626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5589626","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a performance analysis of wind-powered self-excited induction generator (SEIG) and a vector-controlled PWM converter. Three-phase voltage-source converters are the building blocks of a large number of power electronic systems. The origin of difficulties in the control of the above converters is in their nonlinear nature. The PWM current control technique is used to derive the switching signals for the converter. Closed-loop control of the converter utilizes a conventional proportional integral (PI) controller. In order to examine the dynamic performance of the system, its model is simulated and results are analyzed. The simulation results and experimental results are presented. The experimental results were obtained using Dspace DS1104 R&D controller board which confirms good performance of the proposed control system and agree with the simulation results. The results verify the validity of the proposed model and show practical promise in renewable energy applications.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123551843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5590119
M. Mohanpurkar, R. Ramakumar
Probabilistic models for the power output of Wind Electric Conversion Systems (WECS) are considered. Wind speeds are modeled using Weibull distribution and probability density function for the power output of WECS is derived using the transformation theorem. Variable portion of the power output characteristic is modeled using different functions and the results are compared. Probability density functions for the combined power output of two, four and eight systems are presented and discussed.
{"title":"Probability density functions for power output of Wind Electric Conversion Systems","authors":"M. Mohanpurkar, R. Ramakumar","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5590119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5590119","url":null,"abstract":"Probabilistic models for the power output of Wind Electric Conversion Systems (WECS) are considered. Wind speeds are modeled using Weibull distribution and probability density function for the power output of WECS is derived using the transformation theorem. Variable portion of the power output characteristic is modeled using different functions and the results are compared. Probability density functions for the combined power output of two, four and eight systems are presented and discussed.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123577386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5590194
Weihao Hu, Zhe Chen, B. Bak‐Jensen
Since the hourly spot market price is available one day ahead, the price could be transferred to the consumers and they may have some motivations to install an energy storage system in order to save their energy costs. This paper presents an optimal operation strategy for a battery energy storage system (BESS) in relation to the real-time electricity price in order to achieve the maximum profits of the BESS. The western Danish power system, which is currently the grid area in the world that has the largest share of wind power in its generation profiles and may represent the future of electricity markets in some ways, is chosen as the studied power system in this paper. Two kinds of BESS, based on polysulfide-bromine (PSB) and vanadium redox (VRB) battery technologies, are studies in the paper. Simulation results show, that the proposed optimal operation strategy is an effective measure to achieve maximum profits of the BESS. The results also show that it will take longer time to return the original investment of the VRB battery. So the PSB battery is the better investment choice for the time being.
{"title":"Optimal operation strategy of battery energy storage system to real-time electricity price in Denmark","authors":"Weihao Hu, Zhe Chen, B. Bak‐Jensen","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5590194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5590194","url":null,"abstract":"Since the hourly spot market price is available one day ahead, the price could be transferred to the consumers and they may have some motivations to install an energy storage system in order to save their energy costs. This paper presents an optimal operation strategy for a battery energy storage system (BESS) in relation to the real-time electricity price in order to achieve the maximum profits of the BESS. The western Danish power system, which is currently the grid area in the world that has the largest share of wind power in its generation profiles and may represent the future of electricity markets in some ways, is chosen as the studied power system in this paper. Two kinds of BESS, based on polysulfide-bromine (PSB) and vanadium redox (VRB) battery technologies, are studies in the paper. Simulation results show, that the proposed optimal operation strategy is an effective measure to achieve maximum profits of the BESS. The results also show that it will take longer time to return the original investment of the VRB battery. So the PSB battery is the better investment choice for the time being.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123694735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-07-25DOI: 10.1109/PES.2010.5589489
S. Goyal, A. Ghosh, G. Ledwich
The paper proposes a solution for testing of a physical distributed generation system (DGs) along with a computer simulated network. The computer simulated network is referred as the virtual grid in this paper. Integration of DG with the virtual grid provides broad area of testing of power supplying capability and dynamic performance of a DG. It is shown that a DG can supply a part of load power while keeping Point of Common Coupling (PCC) voltage magnitude constant. To represent the actual load, a universal load along with power regenerative capability is designed with the help of voltage source converter (VSC) that mimics the load characteristic. The overall performance of the proposed scheme is verified using computer simulation studies.
{"title":"Testing of a distributed generation system with a virtual grid","authors":"S. Goyal, A. Ghosh, G. Ledwich","doi":"10.1109/PES.2010.5589489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/PES.2010.5589489","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a solution for testing of a physical distributed generation system (DGs) along with a computer simulated network. The computer simulated network is referred as the virtual grid in this paper. Integration of DG with the virtual grid provides broad area of testing of power supplying capability and dynamic performance of a DG. It is shown that a DG can supply a part of load power while keeping Point of Common Coupling (PCC) voltage magnitude constant. To represent the actual load, a universal load along with power regenerative capability is designed with the help of voltage source converter (VSC) that mimics the load characteristic. The overall performance of the proposed scheme is verified using computer simulation studies.","PeriodicalId":177545,"journal":{"name":"IEEE PES General Meeting","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122030555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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