The change of two different spin electronic states under the influence of temperature, pressure and light irradiation is known as the Spin Transition or Spin Crossover (SCO) phenomenon. Spin transition exists on octahedral complexes with an intermediate ligand field, one of the ligands is 2,6-bis (pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine or 3-bpp. Spin transition complexes were intensively investigated because they are highly potential candidates for electronic materials, such as sensors, molecular switches and information storages. The iron(II) complex with 3-bpp ligand has shown SCO characteristics including different transition pattern and transition temperature which were influenced by type of the counter anions. The iron(II) complexes with different types of counter anions have exhibited SCO phenomenon, due to the effect of temperature with abrupt transition. However, the presence of hydrate water in the iron(II) complex results in the higher temperature transition. In addition of that, the transition pattern has changed from the abrupt transition into the gradual transition types. Several studies of SCO properties of the complex Fe(II)-3-bpp reported that the transition type and the temperature transition were influenced by the type of counter anion and the amount of hydrate molecules. With various transition patterns and transition temperatures, the potential of Fe(II)-bpp complexes as SCO materials is more interesting to explored. Keywords: Iron(II) Complex, 3-bpp Ligand, Spin Crossover
{"title":"Kompleks Besi(II) dengan ligan 3-bpp: review","authors":"F. Fitriani, Djulia Onggo, Irma Mulyani","doi":"10.26874/JKK.V4I1.74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26874/JKK.V4I1.74","url":null,"abstract":"The change of two different spin electronic states under the influence of temperature, pressure and light irradiation is known as the Spin Transition or Spin Crossover (SCO) phenomenon. Spin transition exists on octahedral complexes with an intermediate ligand field, one of the ligands is 2,6-bis (pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine or 3-bpp. Spin transition complexes were intensively investigated because they are highly potential candidates for electronic materials, such as sensors, molecular switches and information storages. The iron(II) complex with 3-bpp ligand has shown SCO characteristics including different transition pattern and transition temperature which were influenced by type of the counter anions. The iron(II) complexes with different types of counter anions have exhibited SCO phenomenon, due to the effect of temperature with abrupt transition. However, the presence of hydrate water in the iron(II) complex results in the higher temperature transition. In addition of that, the transition pattern has changed from the abrupt transition into the gradual transition types. Several studies of SCO properties of the complex Fe(II)-3-bpp reported that the transition type and the temperature transition were influenced by the type of counter anion and the amount of hydrate molecules. With various transition patterns and transition temperatures, the potential of Fe(II)-bpp complexes as SCO materials is more interesting to explored. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Iron(II) Complex, 3-bpp Ligand, Spin Crossover","PeriodicalId":17768,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kartika Kimia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85481857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lignin and chitosan compounds are abundant biopolymers that occur in nature. However, the use aspect of this biopolymer is still very minimal and only becomes waste in the environment. The synthesis of lignin-chitosan using the Mannich reaction can be an alternative to be able to use this waste to become useful material in the future. The chitosan used was commercial chitosan with% DD (percent deacetylation) of 71.57%. The characterization used is FTIR and TGA. The success of lignin-chitosan synthesis is indicated by the appearance of peaks in the FTIR spectrum at wavenumbers 3300 - 3500 cm-1. TGA analysis is used to determine the thermal degradation properties of lignin-chitosan compounds which are thought to be new biopolymer compounds. Keywords: Chitosan, Lignin, Mannich Reaction
{"title":"Sintesis kitosan-lignin dengan reaksi Mannich dan karakterisasinya","authors":"N. T. Berghuis, M. Wahid","doi":"10.26874/JKK.V4I1.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26874/JKK.V4I1.77","url":null,"abstract":"Lignin and chitosan compounds are abundant biopolymers that occur in nature. However, the use aspect of this biopolymer is still very minimal and only becomes waste in the environment. The synthesis of lignin-chitosan using the Mannich reaction can be an alternative to be able to use this waste to become useful material in the future. The chitosan used was commercial chitosan with% DD (percent deacetylation) of 71.57%. The characterization used is FTIR and TGA. The success of lignin-chitosan synthesis is indicated by the appearance of peaks in the FTIR spectrum at wavenumbers 3300 - 3500 cm-1. TGA analysis is used to determine the thermal degradation properties of lignin-chitosan compounds which are thought to be new biopolymer compounds. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Chitosan, Lignin, Mannich Reaction","PeriodicalId":17768,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kartika Kimia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85084264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. B. Rachman, Hunumi Oktiyani Rusdi, E. Ciptawati, Daratu Eviana Kusuma Puteri, R. Retnosari, Aman Santosa
Reaksi substitusi nukleofilik adalah salah satu reaksi yang penting dan umum dipelajari pada kimia organik. Mekanisme bagaimana reaksi sebenarnya berlangsung dan spesi apa yang berperan pada sistem sehingga terbentuk produk, diulas pada penelitian ini. Pada penelitian ini, dimodelkan reaksi substitusi nukleofilik senyawa tersier butil klorida oleh ion hidroksida. Pemodelan komputasi pada penelitian ini, digunakan software Putty, Marvin, NWChem, Avogadro, dan ECCE Viewer. Hasil akhir perhitungan komputasi, didapatkan besaran termodinamika berupa energi aktivasi 230.9478 kcal mol-1, entalpi reaksi -7101.74808 kcal mol-1, entropi reaksi -40.178 cal/mol-K dan energi bebas Gibbs sebesar 4877.32262 kcal mol-1. Lebih lanjut, kestabilan dan reaktivitas molekul pada reaksi ini, dianalisis menggunakan pemodelan molekul dan spektroskopi infra merah. Kata kunci: kimia komputasi, substitusi nukleofilik, tersier butil klorida
{"title":"Thermodynamic and Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis of Tert-butyl Chloride and Hydroxide Nucleophilic Substitution Reaction Using Computational Method","authors":"I. B. Rachman, Hunumi Oktiyani Rusdi, E. Ciptawati, Daratu Eviana Kusuma Puteri, R. Retnosari, Aman Santosa","doi":"10.26874/jkk.v3i2.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v3i2.60","url":null,"abstract":"Reaksi substitusi nukleofilik adalah salah satu reaksi yang penting dan umum dipelajari pada kimia organik. Mekanisme bagaimana reaksi sebenarnya berlangsung dan spesi apa yang berperan pada sistem sehingga terbentuk produk, diulas pada penelitian ini. Pada penelitian ini, dimodelkan reaksi substitusi nukleofilik senyawa tersier butil klorida oleh ion hidroksida. Pemodelan komputasi pada penelitian ini, digunakan software Putty, Marvin, NWChem, Avogadro, dan ECCE Viewer. Hasil akhir perhitungan komputasi, didapatkan besaran termodinamika berupa energi aktivasi 230.9478 kcal mol-1, entalpi reaksi -7101.74808 kcal mol-1, entropi reaksi -40.178 cal/mol-K dan energi bebas Gibbs sebesar 4877.32262 kcal mol-1. Lebih lanjut, kestabilan dan reaktivitas molekul pada reaksi ini, dianalisis menggunakan pemodelan molekul dan spektroskopi infra merah. \u0000 \u0000Kata kunci: kimia komputasi, substitusi nukleofilik, tersier butil klorida","PeriodicalId":17768,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kartika Kimia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85312950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jasmansyah Jasmansyah, Pipit Fitriyani, Hernandi Sujono, L. Aisyah
Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang memiliki khasiat seperti mengatasi demam, antialergi, anti inflamasi, dan stimulan sistem syaraf pusat. Kandungan senyawa kimia yang terdapat dalam minyak atsiri tanaman pegagan (C. asiatica) diketahui berperan sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba dari minyak atsiri tanaman pegagan (C.asiatica) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dan jamur Candida albicans. Metode yang digunakan metode destilasi uap-air, hasil destilat dilakukan uji Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry dan aktivitas antimikroba dengan metode mikrodilusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak sebesar 0,01% dan dengan 37 komponen senyawa, 5 komponen senyawa utama dengan konsentrasi tertinggi yaitu (E)-β-farnesen (17,85%), Kariofilen (13,55%), Germacrene-D (9,61%), α-Humulene (9,54%), β-Elemen (7,80%). Hasil uji aktivitas antimikroba minyak atsiri tanaman pegagan terhadap bakteri S.epidermidis dengan KHM dan KBM ≤ 0,2 %, bakteri P.aeruginosa dengan nilai KHM dan KBM berturut-turut sebesar 50 % dan 100% dan jamur C.albicans dengan nilai KHM dan KBM 100 %. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri tanaman pegagan lebih berpengaruh dan berpotensi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif dibandingkan dengan perhambatan terhadap bakteri Gram negatif dan jamur. Kata Kunci : Centella asiatica (L.) Urb, Minyak Atsiri, Antimikroba
{"title":"Uji Aktivitas Antimikroba Minyak Atsiri Tanaman Pegagan\u0000(Centella asiatica (L.) Urb)","authors":"Jasmansyah Jasmansyah, Pipit Fitriyani, Hernandi Sujono, L. Aisyah","doi":"10.26874/jkk.v3i1.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v3i1.54","url":null,"abstract":"Pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urb) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang memiliki khasiat seperti mengatasi demam, antialergi, anti inflamasi, dan stimulan sistem syaraf pusat. Kandungan senyawa kimia yang terdapat dalam minyak atsiri tanaman pegagan (C. asiatica) diketahui berperan sebagai antibakteri. Penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas antimikroba dari minyak atsiri tanaman pegagan (C.asiatica) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, dan jamur Candida albicans. Metode yang digunakan metode destilasi uap-air, hasil destilat dilakukan uji Gas Chromatography – Mass Spectrometry dan aktivitas antimikroba dengan metode mikrodilusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rendemen minyak sebesar 0,01% dan dengan 37 komponen senyawa, 5 komponen senyawa utama dengan konsentrasi tertinggi yaitu (E)-β-farnesen (17,85%), Kariofilen (13,55%), Germacrene-D (9,61%), α-Humulene (9,54%), β-Elemen (7,80%). Hasil uji aktivitas antimikroba minyak atsiri tanaman pegagan terhadap bakteri S.epidermidis dengan KHM dan KBM ≤ 0,2 %, bakteri P.aeruginosa dengan nilai KHM dan KBM berturut-turut sebesar 50 % dan 100% dan jamur C.albicans dengan nilai KHM dan KBM 100 %. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa minyak atsiri tanaman pegagan lebih berpengaruh dan berpotensi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Gram positif dibandingkan dengan perhambatan terhadap bakteri Gram negatif dan jamur. \u0000Kata Kunci : Centella asiatica (L.) Urb, Minyak Atsiri, Antimikroba","PeriodicalId":17768,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kartika Kimia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73481369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elvira Hermawati, Suzanny Dwi Ellita, L. D. Juliawaty, E. Hakim
Desmodium triquetrum (Fabaceae) is widely distributed in Indonesia and used as herbal medicines for diuretic, hemorrhoids, tonics, and anti-inflammatory. Two known compounds, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) and kaempferol (2), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the leaves of Desmodium triquetrum. The structures of isolated compounds were determined based on H and C NMR data. The MeOH extract showed very active with 6,5 μg/mL in addition, compound (1) and (2) showed weak cytotoxicity against murine cell leukemia P-388 with IC50 55,0 and 24,7 μg/mL, respectively. Compound (1) was the first reported in this species.
{"title":"p-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and Kaempferol from\u0000Desmodium triquetrum","authors":"Elvira Hermawati, Suzanny Dwi Ellita, L. D. Juliawaty, E. Hakim","doi":"10.26874/jkk.v3i1.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v3i1.51","url":null,"abstract":"Desmodium triquetrum (Fabaceae) is widely distributed in Indonesia and used as herbal medicines for diuretic, hemorrhoids, tonics, and anti-inflammatory. Two known compounds, p-hydroxybenzoic acid (1) and kaempferol (2), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the leaves of Desmodium triquetrum. The structures of isolated compounds were determined based on H and C NMR data. The MeOH extract showed very active with 6,5 μg/mL in addition, compound (1) and (2) showed weak cytotoxicity against murine cell leukemia P-388 with IC50 55,0 and 24,7 μg/mL, respectively. Compound (1) was the first reported in this species.","PeriodicalId":17768,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kartika Kimia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84912579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Membrane is an important part in ultrafiltration process to split up water from its impurities. Commonly membranes are made of polymer which has adequate resistance in filtration process. One type of them is polysulfone. Good physical endurance is its supremacy as material in the manufacture of membranes. Nevertheless, the hydrophobic nature of polysulfone makes membrane performance less efficient. Blending process using TiO2 can lessen the hydrophobicity of polysulfone, but still maintain membrane primacy. The blending process was carried out by the phase inversion method. Membrane physical structure was observed by SEM and XRD analysis. The pore arrangement on both membranes looks asymmetric. However, the PSF/TiO2 membrane has more systematic pore disposition. Good crystallinity was noticed on PSF/TiO2 membranes with crystal size of 27 nm whereas pure polysulfone looks more amorphous. Membrane performance can be discerned by considering various parameters after performance tests by using diesel fuel emulsion in water. Some of these parameters include flux, rejection, and total fouling after the emulsion filtration process. PSF/ TiO2 membrane flux values showed better results at 21.05 L/m2 hour. Rejection of the PSF/TiO2membrane looked better as well, spesifically 70,857%. Total fouling showed preferable result on the PSF/TiO2 membrane, which was 42.34%. The insertion of TiO2 by a composition of 10% of the total PSF used can improve membrane performance and morphology. Keywords: Filtration, Flux, Membrane, polysulfone, TiO2
{"title":"Membran Ultrafiltrasi Polisulfon/TiO2 (Psf/TiO2) Sebagai Filter Pada Pencemaran Air Oleh Bahan Bakar Solar","authors":"Alfian Rahmat, Intan Syahbanu, R. Rudiyansyah","doi":"10.26874/jkk.v3i1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v3i1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Membrane is an important part in ultrafiltration process to split up water from its impurities. Commonly membranes are made of polymer which has adequate resistance in filtration process. One type of them is polysulfone. Good physical endurance is its supremacy as material in the manufacture of membranes. Nevertheless, the hydrophobic nature of polysulfone makes membrane performance less efficient. Blending process using TiO2 can lessen the hydrophobicity of polysulfone, but still maintain membrane primacy. The blending process was carried out by the phase inversion method. Membrane physical structure was observed by SEM and XRD analysis. The pore arrangement on both membranes looks asymmetric. However, the PSF/TiO2 membrane has more systematic pore disposition. Good crystallinity was noticed on PSF/TiO2 membranes with crystal size of 27 nm whereas pure polysulfone looks more amorphous. Membrane performance can be discerned by considering various parameters after performance tests by using diesel fuel emulsion in water. Some of these parameters include flux, rejection, and total fouling after the emulsion filtration process. PSF/ TiO2 membrane flux values showed better results at 21.05 L/m2 hour. Rejection of the PSF/TiO2membrane looked better as well, spesifically 70,857%. Total fouling showed preferable result on the PSF/TiO2 membrane, which was 42.34%. The insertion of TiO2 by a composition of 10% of the total PSF used can improve membrane performance and morphology. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Filtration, Flux, Membrane, polysulfone, TiO2","PeriodicalId":17768,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kartika Kimia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83739847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pengaruh Cahaya dan Suhu Berdasarkan Karakter Fotosintesis Ceratophyllum demersum sebagai Agen Fitoremediasi","authors":"Diana Lupitasari, Valentina Adimurti Kusumaningtyas","doi":"10.26874/jkk.v3i1.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v3i1.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17768,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kartika Kimia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88233234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) is a disease which is caused by insufficient insulin amount or ineffective insulin action to breakdown glucose. This disease is an accumulation from unhealthy lifestyle and for some people, they inherit T2DM from their parents. T2DM is related to mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) dysfunction due to DNA mutation. D-loop area is a control region in mtDNA, which is has a highest rate of DNA mutation. It divided into two areas, HV1 and HV2. Therefore, it need a lot of information to study T2DM genetically. There three stages in this research, D-loop DNA fragment amplification from four blood samples, namely DM01, DM02, DM03, and DM04. Sequence determination of D-loop fragment, and mutation analysis. D-loop fragment amplification given 0,9 kilobase (kb) in size. Sequence DNA determination showed only three samples were successful to be sequenced (DM02, DM03, and DM04). Alignment analysis of D-loop fragment and reference (rRCS) show three substitution mutations, there are 16189T>C occur in DM02 and DM03, 16233C>T occur in DM02, DM03, DM04. Both mutation located in HV1 area. While 73A>G which located in HV2 occur in DM02, DM03, and DM04. 16189T>C in MITOMAP was related to diabetic, while 16233C>T was not related to any disease, while 73A>G was related to brain death cell. Keywords: Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), DNA mitochondria, D-loop, mutation, MITOMAP
{"title":"Identifikasi Mutasi DNA Daerah HV1 dan HV2 D-Loop Mitokondria dari Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 (DMT2)","authors":"R. B. Satiyarti, Nenden Dwi Sajati, R. Mulyani","doi":"10.26874/jkk.v3i1.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26874/jkk.v3i1.41","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) is a disease which is caused by insufficient insulin amount or ineffective insulin action to breakdown glucose. This disease is an accumulation from unhealthy lifestyle and for some people, they inherit T2DM from their parents. T2DM is related to mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) dysfunction due to DNA mutation. D-loop area is a control region in mtDNA, which is has a highest rate of DNA mutation. It divided into two areas, HV1 and HV2. Therefore, it need a lot of information to study T2DM genetically. There three stages in this research, D-loop DNA fragment amplification from four blood samples, namely DM01, DM02, DM03, and DM04. Sequence determination of D-loop fragment, and mutation analysis. D-loop fragment amplification given 0,9 kilobase (kb) in size. Sequence DNA determination showed only three samples were successful to be sequenced (DM02, DM03, and DM04). Alignment analysis of D-loop fragment and reference (rRCS) show three substitution mutations, there are 16189T>C occur in DM02 and DM03, 16233C>T occur in DM02, DM03, DM04. Both mutation located in HV1 area. While 73A>G which located in HV2 occur in DM02, DM03, and DM04. 16189T>C in MITOMAP was related to diabetic, while 16233C>T was not related to any disease, while 73A>G was related to brain death cell. \u0000 \u0000Keywords: Type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM), DNA mitochondria, D-loop, mutation, MITOMAP","PeriodicalId":17768,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kartika Kimia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79552860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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