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Review and Further Validation of a Practical Single-particle Breakage Model 一个实用的单颗粒断裂模型的回顾与进一步验证
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/KONA.2022012
L. M. Tavares
Particle breakage occurs in comminution machines and, inadvertently, in other process equipment during handling as well as in geotechnical applications. For nearly a century, researchers have developed mathematical expressions to describe single-particle breakage having different levels of complexity and abilities to represent it. The work presents and analyses critically a breakage model that has been found to be suitable to describe breakage of brittle materials in association to the discrete element method, either embedded in it as part of particle replacement schemes or coupled to it in microscale population balance models. The energy-based model accounts for variability and size-dependency of fracture energy of particles, weakening when particles are stressed below this value, as well as energy and size-dependent fragment size distributions when particles are stressed beyond it, discriminating between surface and body breakage. The work then further validates the model on the basis of extensive data from impact load cell and drop weight tests. Finally, a discussion of challenges associated to fitting its parameters and on applications is presented.
颗粒破碎发生在粉碎机中,在处理过程中不经意地发生在其他工艺设备中,以及在岩土工程应用中。近一个世纪以来,研究人员已经开发出数学表达式来描述具有不同复杂程度和表示能力的单颗粒断裂。这项工作提出并批判性地分析了一个断裂模型,该模型已被发现适合于描述与离散元方法相关的脆性材料的断裂,无论是作为颗粒替换方案的一部分嵌入其中,还是与微尺度种群平衡模型相耦合。基于能量的模型考虑了颗粒断裂能的可变性和尺寸依赖性,当颗粒的应力低于该值时减弱,以及当颗粒的应力超过该值时,能量和尺寸依赖性碎片尺寸分布,区分了表面和身体的断裂。然后,在冲击称重传感器和落锤试验的大量数据的基础上,进一步验证了该模型。最后,讨论了拟合参数及其应用所面临的挑战。
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引用次数: 11
The 8th APT (Asian Particle Technology Symposium) 2021 Held in Osaka 2021第八届亚洲粒子技术研讨会在大阪举行
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/kona.2022023
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引用次数: 0
The KONA Award 2020 2020年KONA奖
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/kona.2022024
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引用次数: 0
Correlating Granule Surface Structure Morphology and Process Conditions in Fluidized Bed Layering Spray Granulation 流化床分层喷雾造粒过程中颗粒表面结构形态与工艺条件的关系
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/kona.2022016
Maik Orth, P. Kieckhefen, Swantje Pietsch, S. Heinrich
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引用次数: 5
Grain-size Effects on Mechanical Behavior and Failure of Dense Cohesive Granular Materials 晶粒尺寸对致密粘性颗粒材料力学行为和破坏的影响
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/kona.2022001
P. Poorsolhjouy, A. Misra
The grain sizes can significantly influence the granular mechano-morphology, and consequently, the macro-scale mechanical response. From a purely geometric viewpoint, changing grain size will affect the volumetric number density of grain-pair interactions as well as the neighborhood geometry. In addition, changing grain size can influence initial stiffness and damage behavior of grain-pair interactions. The granular micromechanics approach (GMA), which provides a paradigm for bridging the grain-scale to continuum models, has the capability of describing the grain size influence in terms of both geometric effects and grain-pair deformation/dissipation effects. Here the GMA based Cauchy-type continuum model is enhanced using simple power laws to simulate the effect of grain size upon the volumetric number density of grain-pair interactions, and the parameters governing grain-pair deformation and dissipation mechanisms. The enhanced model is applied to predict the macroscopic response of cohesive granular solids under conventional triaxial tests. The results show that decreasing grain-sizes can trigger brittle-to-ductile transition in failure. Grain size is found to affect the compression/dilatation behavior as well as the post-peak softening/hardening of granular materials. The macro-scale failure/yield stress is also found to have an inverse relationship with grain-sizes in consonance with what has been reported in the literature.
晶粒尺寸会显著影响颗粒的力学形态,从而影响宏观力学响应。从纯几何角度看,晶粒尺寸的变化会影响晶粒对相互作用的体积数密度以及邻近几何形状。此外,晶粒尺寸的改变会影响晶粒对相互作用的初始刚度和损伤行为。颗粒细观力学方法(GMA)提供了一种将晶粒尺度与连续介质模型连接起来的范式,能够从几何效应和晶粒对变形/耗散效应两方面描述晶粒尺寸的影响。本文利用简单幂律对基于GMA的cauchy型连续体模型进行了改进,模拟了晶粒尺寸对晶粒对相互作用体积数密度的影响,以及控制晶粒对变形和耗散机制的参数。应用该增强模型对常规三轴试验条件下粘性颗粒固体的宏观响应进行了预测。结果表明,减小晶粒尺寸可以触发脆性向韧性的转变。晶粒尺寸影响颗粒材料的压缩/膨胀行为以及峰后软化/硬化。宏观尺度的破坏/屈服应力也被发现与晶粒尺寸成反比关系,这与文献中报道的一致。
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引用次数: 2
Verification of Polyhedral DEM with Laboratory Grinding Mill Experiments 多面体DEM的室内磨机实验验证
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/KONA.2022013
Alberto M. Puga, N. Govender, R. Rajamani
The simulation of grinding mills with the discrete element method (DEM) has been advancing. First, it emerged as a method for studying charge motion with spherical balls and predicting the power draw of the mill. Subsequently, studies on liner wear, charge motion with ellipsoidal and polyhedral shaped particles simulated with three dimensional DEM followed. Further, the impact energy spectra computed in the DEM algorithm is leading to the development of models for the breakage of brittle particles in mills. The core elements in such simulations are the shape of particles in the mill charge and the power draw of the mill due to operating variables. To advance the field, we present a set of experimental data and the corresponding DEM validation results for a 90 × 13 cm mill. The DEM algorithm uses the volume-overlap method which is more realistic for multifaceted irregular particle collisions. Further, we use the scanned shape of the rock media and multifaceted spherical shape for the grinding media to represent as close as possible the actual charge in the mill. First, we present DEM validation for spherical grinding media-only experiments, rock-only experiments, and a mixture of spherical grinding media and rocks, as well as aluminum cubes only to represent the theme of particle shape. Finally, a discussion of the contact mechanics parameters in the four modes of experiments is given. Since the feed ore to plant scale mills can vary in shape, mill simulations with scanned shape of typical particles are the future for more accurate results.
用离散元法(DEM)对磨机进行数值模拟已取得了一定的进展。首先,它是作为一种研究球形球的电荷运动和预测磨机功率消耗的方法出现的。随后,利用三维DEM模拟了椭球和多面体颗粒对衬垫磨损、电荷运动的影响。此外,在DEM算法中计算的冲击能谱导致了磨机脆性颗粒破碎模型的发展。在这样的模拟的核心要素是颗粒的形状在轧机装药和轧机的功率消耗由于操作变量。为了推进这一领域,我们提出了一组90 × 13 cm轧机的实验数据和相应的DEM验证结果。DEM算法采用体积重叠法,对多面不规则粒子碰撞更为逼真。此外,我们使用岩石介质的扫描形状和研磨介质的多面球形形状来尽可能接近磨机中的实际装料。首先,对纯球磨介质实验、纯岩石实验、纯球磨介质与岩石混合实验以及仅代表颗粒形状主题的铝立方体实验进行了DEM验证。最后,对四种实验模式下的接触力学参数进行了讨论。由于给矿到工厂规模磨机的形状可能会有所不同,因此具有典型颗粒扫描形状的磨机模拟是未来更准确的结果。
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引用次数: 1
Editor’s Preface 编者前言
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/kona.2022021
W. Tanthapanichakoon
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引用次数: 0
Carbonation Kinetics of Fine CaO Particles in a Sound-Assisted Fluidized Bed for Thermochemical Energy Storage 声助流化床热化学储能中细小CaO颗粒的碳化动力学
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/KONA.2022007
F. Raganati, P. Ammendola
The calcium-looping process, relying on the reversible calcination/carbonation of CaCO 3 , is one of the most promising solution to perform thermochemical energy storage (TCES) for concentrating solar power (CSP) plants. Indeed, CaO precursors such as limestone can rely on the high energy density, low cost, large availability and nontoxicity. In this work, the study of the sound-assisted carbonation of fine CaO particles (< 50 μm) for TCES-CSP has been furthered. In particular, a kinetic study has been performed to analyse the effect of the particular carbonation conditions to be used in TCES-CSP applications, i.e. involving carbonation under high CO 2 partial pressure and at high temperature. All the experimental tests have been performed in a lab-scale sound-assisted fluidized bed reactor applying high intensity acoustic field with proper frequency (150 dB–120 Hz). The carbonation kinetics has been analysed by applying a simple kinetic model, able to properly describe the fast (under kinetic control) and slow (under diffusion control) stage of the of the reaction. In particular, the reaction rate, the intrinsic carbonation kinetic constant and the characteristic product layer thickness have been evaluated, also highlighting their dependence on the temperature between 800 and 845 °C; a value of 49 kJ mol –1 has been obtained for the activation energy. Finally, a good agreement between the conversion-time profiles, evaluated from the applied kinetic models, and the experimental data has been obtained.
依靠碳酸钙可逆煅烧/碳酸化的钙环工艺,是聚光太阳能发电厂(CSP)最有前途的热化学储能(TCES)解决方案之一。事实上,CaO前体如石灰石可以依靠高能量密度、低成本、大可用性和无毒性。本文进一步研究了TCES-CSP中< 50 μm细颗粒的声辅助碳化。特别是,进行了动力学研究,以分析用于TCES-CSP应用的特定碳化条件的影响,即在高CO 2分压和高温下进行碳化。所有实验都是在实验室规模的声辅助流化床反应器中进行的,实验采用适当频率(150 dB-120 Hz)的高强度声场。用一个简单的动力学模型分析了碳化动力学,该模型能很好地描述反应的快(在动力学控制下)和慢(在扩散控制下)两个阶段。对反应速率、本征碳化动力学常数和特征产物层厚度进行了分析,并指出了它们对800 ~ 845℃温度的依赖性;得到的活化能为49 kJ mol -1。最后,应用动力学模型计算的转化时间曲线与实验数据吻合较好。
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引用次数: 2
Continuous Synthesis of Precision Gold Nanoparticles Using a Flow Reactor 用流动反应器连续合成精密金纳米颗粒
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/KONA.2022011
Jiaqi Dong, J. Lau, S. Svoronos, B. Moudgil
Nanoparticle synthesis using flow chemistry has the potential to enhance the large-scale accessibility of precision-engineered nanomaterials at lower prices. This goal has been difficult to achieve primarily due to reactor fouling and the lack of efficient reagent mixing encountered, especially in those scaled-up systems. The present study aimed to overcome the two challenges by integrating a liquid-liquid biphasic segmented flow system with static mixing. This strategy was applied to the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using citrate reduction chemistry. It was demonstrated that reactor fouling was eliminated by implementing the biphasic flow strategy. As a result, the overall mean particle size of the as-synthesized AuNPs was measured to be 15.5 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.07, and with the reproducibility of ± 6.4 %. The biphasic flow system achieved a reaction yield of 88.7 ± 1 .1 % r eliably with a throughput of 60 m L/hour up to 8 hours.
利用流动化学合成纳米粒子有可能以更低的价格提高精密工程纳米材料的大规模可及性。这一目标很难实现,主要是由于反应器结垢和缺乏有效的试剂混合,特别是在那些放大的系统中。本研究旨在通过集成具有静态混合的液-液两相分段流系统来克服这两个挑战。该策略被应用于利用柠檬酸还原化学合成金纳米颗粒(AuNPs)。结果表明,采用双相流策略可以消除反应器的污染。结果表明,合成的AuNPs总体平均粒径为15.5 nm,多分散性指数(PDI)为0.07,重现性为±6.4%。双相流体系的反应产率为88.7±1.1%,反应通量为60 m L/h,持续8小时。
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引用次数: 3
High Performance Nickel Based Electrodes in State-of-the-Art Lithium-ion Batteries: Morphological Perspectives 高性能镍基电极在最先进的锂离子电池:形态学的观点
IF 4.1 4区 材料科学 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL Pub Date : 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.14356/kona.2022015
A. Purwanto, S. S. Nisa, I. P. Lestari, M. Ikhsanudin, C. Yudha, H. Widiyandari
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引用次数: 4
期刊
KONA Powder and Particle Journal
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