Pub Date : 2022-01-25DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.14
Ismail Ahmed Ali, Shewaz Abdalrahman Hussein, Shelan Omar Ali, Fuaad Azad Muhamad
Globally, improving and promoting patient safety has been given a lot of attention in order to develop the standard of healthcare and conserve the clients from trauma. The study purposed to recognize the perception of the Health Care Provider (HCP) regarding patient safety culture. A quantitative design /descriptive method were carried out during the period from 12th to 24thJanuary 2019 at Rania teaching hospital. Data was collected through a hard copy self-managed survey form using the Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC).Data was entered to SPSS and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The final study sample included 130 cases (74.5% response rate). The total mean positive answer rate for the hospital survey dimensions was (42.28%) with arrange of (79% - 4.6%). Approximately 60% of HCP was perceived patient safety culture practice negatively. However, only two dimensions from 11 had reached positive response rate by respondents which include teamwork within Units (76.2%) and organizational learning (79%) dimensions, while the lowest dimension’s positivity include the frequency of reporting errors (4.6%). Furthermore, more than half (64.6%) of the study sample estimated the grade of patient safety as agreeable level, also only two of the respondents (1.5%) rated excellent grades for patient safety in their hospitals. Almost, three fourths (75.8%) of study sample were reported that no events had reports in the previous year. Statistically, the results of the study showed a significant association among {educational status (p=0.006), work areas (p=0.014), staff position (P=0.001), and mean score of HSOPSC. These findings demonstrated that attitudes and perception of HCP about patient safety culture is extremely low. Fundamentally, there is a necessity for systemic change at the level of health organization and continuous training course for HCP to improve patient safety culture are strongly recommended.
{"title":"Recognition of Health Care Provider's Patient Safety Culture in Kurdistan/Iraq","authors":"Ismail Ahmed Ali, Shewaz Abdalrahman Hussein, Shelan Omar Ali, Fuaad Azad Muhamad","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, improving and promoting patient safety has been given a lot of attention in order to develop the standard of healthcare and conserve the clients from trauma. The study purposed to recognize the perception of the Health Care Provider (HCP) regarding patient safety culture. A quantitative design /descriptive method were carried out during the period from 12th to 24thJanuary 2019 at Rania teaching hospital. Data was collected through a hard copy self-managed survey form using the Hospital Survey of Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC).Data was entered to SPSS and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The final study sample included 130 cases (74.5% response rate). The total mean positive answer rate for the hospital survey dimensions was (42.28%) with arrange of (79% - 4.6%). Approximately 60% of HCP was perceived patient safety culture practice negatively. However, only two dimensions from 11 had reached positive response rate by respondents which include teamwork within Units (76.2%) and organizational learning (79%) dimensions, while the lowest dimension’s positivity include the frequency of reporting errors (4.6%). Furthermore, more than half (64.6%) of the study sample estimated the grade of patient safety as agreeable level, also only two of the respondents (1.5%) rated excellent grades for patient safety in their hospitals. Almost, three fourths (75.8%) of study sample were reported that no events had reports in the previous year. Statistically, the results of the study showed a significant association among {educational status (p=0.006), work areas (p=0.014), staff position (P=0.001), and mean score of HSOPSC. These findings demonstrated that attitudes and perception of HCP about patient safety culture is extremely low. Fundamentally, there is a necessity for systemic change at the level of health organization and continuous training course for HCP to improve patient safety culture are strongly recommended.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47993323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-25DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.13
B. O. Sharif, Samir Y. Lafi
Back ground: Coronary heart disease is one of the vital causes of morbidity and death in Iraq. Socioeconomic status is also affected by coronary heart disease. These risk factors in Sulaimani city of Iraq is remain uncertain. This is a shortage of study of master student. The current study’s main aims were to explore the potential association between several predisposing factors and heart attack in Sulaimani, Iraq, and to some socio demographic in this participant. 165 contributors who were attending to the Cardiac Specialty Hospital, (Coronary Care Unit), and they were definitely diagnosed as having MI participated in the current study between 2015 and 2016; in Sulaimani, Iraq. The study was attentive on exploring the socioeconomic status, lifestyle, family history of heart attack and classical predisposing factors such as (Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, smoking cigarette, and dyslipidemia). For collecting the data, the questionnaire was designed according reading literature and books. The tests of Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Pearson and Spearman were used for the current data analysis. The finding: patients at the age of ≥61 years was a common group age for myocardial infarction. Sedentary lifestyle (81.8%) and smoking (Ex- passive and current smoking 69.7% was predominance. The prevalence of BMI > 25 was (75.15%). Hypertension accounted (61.2%), dyslipidemia (39.4%), and diabetes (20%) of the subjects. A positive first-degree history of classical MI risk factor of the participants was (54.5%, 39.2% and 28.4%) for hypertension, heart attack and diabetes, respectively. (98.2%) of the selected patients no eating fish. (56.4%, 58.8%) of them were not eating daily fruit and vegetable respectively. Smoking was significant correlation with age, gender, level of education, and marital status (r = 0.34, 0.38, -0.23 and 0.17) respectively) (p value less than 0.05). Conclusions: In Sulaimani city of Iraq the strong predictors of heart attack were included: sedentary lifestyle, high body mass index, positive family history, unhealthy diet, smoking cigarette, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and Diabetes Mellitus.
{"title":"Common Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction and Some Socio Demographic Characteristics in Sulaimani City","authors":"B. O. Sharif, Samir Y. Lafi","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Back ground: Coronary heart disease is one of the vital causes of morbidity and death in Iraq. Socioeconomic status is also affected by coronary heart disease. These risk factors in Sulaimani city of Iraq is remain uncertain. This is a shortage of study of master student. The current study’s main aims were to explore the potential association between several predisposing factors and heart attack in Sulaimani, Iraq, and to some socio demographic in this participant. 165 contributors who were attending to the Cardiac Specialty Hospital, (Coronary Care Unit), and they were definitely diagnosed as having MI participated in the current study between 2015 and 2016; in Sulaimani, Iraq. The study was attentive on exploring the socioeconomic status, lifestyle, family history of heart attack and classical predisposing factors such as (Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus, smoking cigarette, and dyslipidemia). For collecting the data, the questionnaire was designed according reading literature and books. The tests of Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Pearson and Spearman were used for the current data analysis. The finding: patients at the age of ≥61 years was a common group age for myocardial infarction. Sedentary lifestyle (81.8%) and smoking (Ex- passive and current smoking 69.7% was predominance. The prevalence of BMI > 25 was (75.15%). Hypertension accounted (61.2%), dyslipidemia (39.4%), and diabetes (20%) of the subjects. A positive first-degree history of classical MI risk factor of the participants was (54.5%, 39.2% and 28.4%) for hypertension, heart attack and diabetes, respectively. (98.2%) of the selected patients no eating fish. (56.4%, 58.8%) of them were not eating daily fruit and vegetable respectively. Smoking was significant correlation with age, gender, level of education, and marital status (r = 0.34, 0.38, -0.23 and 0.17) respectively) (p value less than 0.05). Conclusions: In Sulaimani city of Iraq the strong predictors of heart attack were included: sedentary lifestyle, high body mass index, positive family history, unhealthy diet, smoking cigarette, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and Diabetes Mellitus. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48381499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-24DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.12
Shkar Rzgar K.Rostam, Z. H. Ibrahim, Rebaz Rebwar Mala, Soran Qadir Abdul
The aim: This study was designed to explore the potential hepatoprotective effects of Nasturtium officinale and Allium polyanthum plant extracts against CCl4-induced hepatic injury in rat model. Methods: Thirty healthy male albino rats were equally divided into 5 groups: Normal control (NC), Positive control (Pos-C), Nasturtium officinale extract (NOE), Allium polyanthum extract (APE), and NOE + APE. The animals were fed with a standard diet and distilled water ad libitum. Except for NC, all other groups were exposed to CCl4 at every 72 hours for 3 weeks to induce hepatic damage. Corresponding treatments were established to the respective groups during study period. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Total serum bilirubin (TSB), Total protein (TP), Albumin (ALB) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in serum at the end of the study. Histopathological analysis of the liver sections was also determined. Results: CCl4-treated rats were showed significant increase (p < 0.05) in the levels of serum enzyme activities (AST, ALT, & ALP), TSB and MDA; reflecting the hepatocellular damage caused by CCl4 compared with NC rats, whereas the levels of TP and ALB were decreased. Furthermore, the histological examination of liver tissues showed that CCl4 triggered several histological variations in the liver tissues. Treatments of NOE and APE along with CCl4 for 3 weeks significantly (P<0.05) improved the CCl4-induced changes in serum biochemical parameters and liver histology as compared to Pos-C rats indicating the protection of hepatic cells. Conclusion: Treatments of NOE and APE either in separate or in combination have shown significant improvement in CCl4-induced hepatopathy in experimental rats as evidenced by observed results in serum and hepatic histopathological examinations
{"title":"Hepatoprotective effects of Nasturtium officinale and Allium polyanthum extracts against CCl4-induced hepatic damage in albino rats","authors":"Shkar Rzgar K.Rostam, Z. H. Ibrahim, Rebaz Rebwar Mala, Soran Qadir Abdul","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The aim: This study was designed to explore the potential hepatoprotective effects of Nasturtium officinale and Allium polyanthum plant extracts against CCl4-induced hepatic injury in rat model. \u0000Methods: Thirty healthy male albino rats were equally divided into 5 groups: Normal control (NC), Positive control (Pos-C), Nasturtium officinale extract (NOE), Allium polyanthum extract (APE), and NOE + APE. The animals were fed with a standard diet and distilled water ad libitum. Except for NC, all other groups were exposed to CCl4 at every 72 hours for 3 weeks to induce hepatic damage. Corresponding treatments were established to the respective groups during study period. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Total serum bilirubin (TSB), Total protein (TP), Albumin (ALB) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in serum at the end of the study. Histopathological analysis of the liver sections was also determined. \u0000Results: CCl4-treated rats were showed significant increase (p < 0.05) in the levels of serum enzyme activities (AST, ALT, & ALP), TSB and MDA; reflecting the hepatocellular damage caused by CCl4 compared with NC rats, whereas the levels of TP and ALB were decreased. Furthermore, the histological examination of liver tissues showed that CCl4 triggered several histological variations in the liver tissues. Treatments of NOE and APE along with CCl4 for 3 weeks significantly (P<0.05) improved the CCl4-induced changes in serum biochemical parameters and liver histology as compared to Pos-C rats indicating the protection of hepatic cells. \u0000Conclusion: Treatments of NOE and APE either in separate or in combination have shown significant improvement in CCl4-induced hepatopathy in experimental rats as evidenced by observed results in serum and hepatic histopathological examinations","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46875905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-24DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.11
A. Abdulkareem
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological illness that is the most prevalent severe brain problem worldwide .The purpose of this research is to determine the importance of certain risk variables for epilepsy in children in Sulaimani City, such as age, gender, head trauma, nervous system infectious diseases including meningitis and unusual perinatal history, low birth weight, neonate respiratory failure, neonatal seizure, socioeconomic status, as well as parent consanguinity. This research was created based on 104 cases (where 51 of the patients were male, while 53 of the patients were female) among the inpatient and outpatient neurology unit of Dr. Jamal Ahmad Rashid Pediatric teaching Hospital from 20/12/2020 to 29/4/2021 . In this research, all the children were evaluated, as well as their medical & personal information were collected .A relation between the phenomenon of epilepsy with numerous risk factors were made; the ratio was calculated to determine the essential variables linked with epilepsy. Data was collected through interviewing of the patients then analyzed through the application statistical analysis descriptive. Results: age, head trauma, gender, febrile, positive family history for epilepsy, unusual perinatal history, and neonatal infection has been shown to have a statistically significant link to epilepsy. Conclusion: The majority of the samples was aged between six to ten while most of them were the middle child of their families. The results of survey also showed that most of the children were diagnosed between ages one to five while most of the samples have a generalized seizure. On the other hand, there was a statistical significant association between febrile convulsion and family history of epilepsy depending. Recommendation: Health staff (maternity staff) should not be excessively forced to pull the child's delivery. Informing the child's parents about the disease so that they do not become worried about any neurological disorders, our recommendation for staff working neurology field neurologist when such child enter the hospital immediately and quickly and get the necessary treatment.
癫痫是一种慢性神经系统疾病，是世界上最普遍的严重脑问题。本研究的目的是确定苏莱曼尼市儿童癫痫的某些风险变量的重要性，如年龄、性别、头部创伤、神经系统传染病（包括脑膜炎和异常围产期史）、低出生体重、新生儿呼吸衰竭，新生儿癫痫发作、社会经济地位以及父母血缘关系。这项研究是基于2020年12月20日至2021年4月29日期间Jamal Ahmad Rashid医生儿科教学医院住院和门诊神经科的104例病例（其中51名患者为男性，53名患者为女性）创建的。在本研究中，对所有儿童进行了评估，并收集了他们的医疗和个人信息；计算该比率以确定与癫痫相关的基本变量。通过对患者的访谈收集数据，然后通过描述性应用统计分析进行分析。结果：年龄、头部创伤、性别、发热、癫痫阳性家族史、异常围产期史和新生儿感染已被证明与癫痫有统计学显著联系。结论：大多数样本的年龄在6至10岁之间，而大多数是他们家庭的中间孩子。调查结果还显示，大多数儿童的诊断年龄在1至5岁之间，而大多数样本都有全身性癫痫发作。另一方面，热性惊厥与癫痫家族史之间存在统计学上显著的相关性。建议：不应过度强迫卫生工作人员（产科工作人员）拉孩子分娩。将疾病告知孩子的父母，这样他们就不会担心任何神经系统疾病，当孩子立即快速进入医院并得到必要的治疗时，我们建议从事神经科现场神经学家工作的工作人员。
{"title":"Epilepsy and Child History in Dr Jamal Ahmad Rashid Pediatric Teaching Hospital Sulaimani /Iraq","authors":"A. Abdulkareem","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"Epilepsy is a chronic neurological illness that is the most prevalent severe brain problem worldwide .The purpose of this research is to determine the importance of certain risk variables for epilepsy in children in Sulaimani City, such as age, gender, head trauma, nervous system infectious diseases including meningitis and unusual perinatal history, low birth weight, neonate respiratory failure, neonatal seizure, socioeconomic status, as well as parent consanguinity. This research was created based on 104 cases (where 51 of the patients were male, while 53 of the patients were female) among the inpatient and outpatient neurology unit of Dr. Jamal Ahmad Rashid Pediatric teaching Hospital from 20/12/2020 to 29/4/2021 . In this research, all the children were evaluated, as well as their medical & personal information were collected .A relation between the phenomenon of epilepsy with numerous risk factors were made; the ratio was calculated to determine the essential variables linked with epilepsy. Data was collected through interviewing of the patients then analyzed through the application statistical analysis descriptive. Results: age, head trauma, gender, febrile, positive family history for epilepsy, unusual perinatal history, and neonatal infection has been shown to have a statistically significant link to epilepsy. Conclusion: The majority of the samples was aged between six to ten while most of them were the middle child of their families. The results of survey also showed that most of the children were diagnosed between ages one to five while most of the samples have a generalized seizure. On the other hand, there was a statistical significant association between febrile convulsion and family history of epilepsy depending. \u0000Recommendation: Health staff (maternity staff) should not be excessively forced to pull the child's delivery. Informing the child's parents about the disease so that they do not become worried about any neurological disorders, our recommendation for staff working neurology field neurologist when such child enter the hospital immediately and quickly and get the necessary treatment.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42698414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.4
Star Ali Awtaq, Ali Shamsullah Azeez, Yadgar Ali Mahmood, Narmeen Rashid Abdulkareem, Khalil Musa Jamal
Improving new varieties plays an important role to increase the productivity of wheat grain yield in Iraq. Garmian region as a semi-arid area is extremely suffering with low wheat yield production as a result of continuing yield potential reduction of the local cultivars over the time. This project was conducted at the Directory of Garmian Agricultural Research to develop new cultivars through four field trials from 2009 to 2013. In the selection phase, 50 lines of Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nurseries (16th FAWWON-IR) were screened, and three superior lines (SL1; CH75479/SARDARI-HD74, SL2; CATBERD/CNO79*2/HEF1, and SL3; ID800994.W/VEE/5/CA8055/4/ROMTAST/BON/3/DIBO//SU) to the best local check (Aras) for grain yield, thousand grain weight, anthesis date and plant height were selected for testing in three field trials of comparison phase. Averaging over years, the results of this project significantly confirmed that two of the selected lines (SL1 and SL2) performed superior (4.24 and 4.73 t h-1, respectively) to the local check (Aras; 2.83 t h-1) with regards to grain yield production by about 50-60% (P < 0.001). This superiority of the selected lines compared to the local check was due to significant longer spike through increasing grain number (P < 0.001), and wider flag-leaf area which leads to assimilate more CO2 to the grain during grain filling duration (P < 0.01). Based on these results, the superior genotypes (SL1 and SL2) were then qualified for identification and officially released (Reference Number 192, dated November 21, 2018) as new cultivars namely Kalar1 (SL1) and Kalar2 (SL2) by the National Committee for Recording and Protecting Agricultural Varieties in Iraq for the climate of Garmian region.
改良新品种对提高伊拉克小麦产量具有重要作用。Garmian地区作为一个半干旱地区，由于当地品种在一段时间内持续减产，小麦产量极低。该项目是在Garmian农业研究目录下进行的，旨在通过2009年至2013年的四次田间试验开发新品种。在选择阶段，筛选出兼性冬小麦观察苗系（16th FAW-WON-IR）50个品系，并筛选出3个优系（SL1；CH75479/SARDARI-HD74，SL2；CATBERD/CNO79*2/HEF1，SL3；ID800994.W/VEE/5/CA8055/4/ROMTAST/BON/3/DIBO//SU），选择开花期和株高进行三个比较阶段的田间试验。多年平均，该项目的结果显著证实，所选的两个品系（SL1和SL2）在粮食产量方面优于当地对照（Aras；2.83 t h-1）约50-60%（P<0.001）（P＜0.001），旗叶面积越宽，籽粒灌浆期吸收的CO2越多（P＜0.01），优势基因型（SL1和SL2）随后获得鉴定资格，并由伊拉克国家农业品种记录和保护委员会正式发布（参考号192，日期为2018年11月21日）为新品种，即Kalar1（SL1）和Kalar2（SL2）。
{"title":"Kalar1 and Kalar2, newly released wheat varieties for cultivation under rain-fed conditions","authors":"Star Ali Awtaq, Ali Shamsullah Azeez, Yadgar Ali Mahmood, Narmeen Rashid Abdulkareem, Khalil Musa Jamal","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"Improving new varieties plays an important role to increase the productivity of wheat grain yield in Iraq. Garmian region as a semi-arid area is extremely suffering with low wheat yield production as a result of continuing yield potential reduction of the local cultivars over the time. This project was conducted at the Directory of Garmian Agricultural Research to develop new cultivars through four field trials from 2009 to 2013. In the selection phase, 50 lines of Facultative and Winter Wheat Observation Nurseries (16th FAWWON-IR) were screened, and three superior lines (SL1; CH75479/SARDARI-HD74, SL2; CATBERD/CNO79*2/HEF1, and SL3; ID800994.W/VEE/5/CA8055/4/ROMTAST/BON/3/DIBO//SU) to the best local check (Aras) for grain yield, thousand grain weight, anthesis date and plant height were selected for testing in three field trials of comparison phase. Averaging over years, the results of this project significantly confirmed that two of the selected lines (SL1 and SL2) performed superior (4.24 and 4.73 t h-1, respectively) to the local check (Aras; 2.83 t h-1) with regards to grain yield production by about 50-60% (P < 0.001). This superiority of the selected lines compared to the local check was due to significant longer spike through increasing grain number (P < 0.001), and wider flag-leaf area which leads to assimilate more CO2 to the grain during grain filling duration (P < 0.01). Based on these results, the superior genotypes (SL1 and SL2) were then qualified for identification and officially released (Reference Number 192, dated November 21, 2018) as new cultivars namely Kalar1 (SL1) and Kalar2 (SL2) by the National Committee for Recording and Protecting Agricultural Varieties in Iraq for the climate of Garmian region.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49661811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.5
A. A. Hassan, Tarik A Rashid
COVID-19, one of the most dangerous pandemics, is currently affecting humanity. COVID-19 is spreading rapidly due to its high reliability transmissibility. Patients who test positive more often have mild to severe symptoms such as a cough, fever, raw throat, and muscle aches. Diseased people experience severe symptoms in more severe cases. such as shortness of breath, which can lead to respiratory failure and death. Machine learning techniques for detection and classification are commonly used in current medical diagnoses. However, for treatment using neural networks based on improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), known as PSONN, the accuracy and performance of current models must be improved. This hybridization implements Particle Swarm Optimization and a neural network to improve results while slowing convergence and improving efficiency. The purpose of this study is to contribute to resolving this issue by presenting the implementation and assessment of Machine Learning models. Using Neural Networks and Particle Swarm Optimization to help in the detection of COVID-19 in its early stages. To begin, we preprocessed data from a Brazilian dataset consisted primarily of early-stage symptoms. Following that, we implemented Neural Network and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms. We used precision, accuracy score, recall, and F-Measure tests to evaluate the Neural Network with Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms. Based on the comparison, this paper grouped the top seven ML models such as Neural Networks, Logistic Regression, Nave Bayes Classifier, Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machine, BF Tree, Bayesian Networks algorithms and measured feature importance, and other, to justify the differences between classification models. Particle Swarm Optimization with Neural Network is being deployed to improve the efficiency of the detection method by more accurately predicting COVID-19 detection. Preprocessed datasets with important features are then fed into the testing and training phases as inputs. Particle Swarm Optimization was used for the training phase of a neural net to identify the best weights and biases. On training data, the highest rate of accuracy gained is 0.98.738 and on testing data, it is 98.689.
{"title":"A Proposed Hybrid Algorithm for detecting COVID-19 Patients","authors":"A. A. Hassan, Tarik A Rashid","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19, one of the most dangerous pandemics, is currently affecting humanity. COVID-19 is spreading rapidly due to its high reliability transmissibility. Patients who test positive more often have mild to severe symptoms such as a cough, fever, raw throat, and muscle aches. Diseased people experience severe symptoms in more severe cases. such as shortness of breath, which can lead to respiratory failure and death. Machine learning techniques for detection and classification are commonly used in current medical diagnoses. However, for treatment using neural networks based on improved Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), known as PSONN, the accuracy and performance of current models must be improved. This hybridization implements Particle Swarm Optimization and a neural network to improve results while slowing convergence and improving efficiency. The purpose of this study is to contribute to resolving this issue by presenting the implementation and assessment of Machine Learning models. Using Neural Networks and Particle Swarm Optimization to help in the detection of COVID-19 in its early stages. To begin, we preprocessed data from a Brazilian dataset consisted primarily of early-stage symptoms. Following that, we implemented Neural Network and Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms. We used precision, accuracy score, recall, and F-Measure tests to evaluate the Neural Network with Particle Swarm Optimization algorithms. Based on the comparison, this paper grouped the top seven ML models such as Neural Networks, Logistic Regression, Nave Bayes Classifier, Multilayer Perceptron, Support Vector Machine, BF Tree, Bayesian Networks algorithms and measured feature importance, and other, to justify the differences between classification models. Particle Swarm Optimization with Neural Network is being deployed to improve the efficiency of the detection method by more accurately predicting COVID-19 detection. Preprocessed datasets with important features are then fed into the testing and training phases as inputs. Particle Swarm Optimization was used for the training phase of a neural net to identify the best weights and biases. On training data, the highest rate of accuracy gained is 0.98.738 and on testing data, it is 98.689. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42387487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.6
H. Sharif
Nanotechnology can be regarded as one of the most active studies regions with both novel technological know-how and useful packages which have gradually received attention, especially over the past two many years. The nanotechnology development offers new performance to the materials. Recently efforts have been made to incorporate nanoparticles in construction materials to enhance properties and produce concrete with improved performance. progress in the improvement of geopolymer concrete is fast becoming a feasible alternative to conventional cement-based totally concrete because geopolymer concrete is measured as an eco-efficient green concrete that consumes a large quantity of commercial and agro byproduct substances consisting of fly ash, floor granulated blast furnace slag, rice husk ash. To improve the overall performance of geopolymer concrete several methods have been investigated including using nanomaterials to enhance the chemical reactivity of the geopolymer concrete mixture and provide fine particles to fill nanopores and voids. In this paper, a state-of-the-art review was carried out on the impact of nano-silica inclusion on the fresh and the mechanical characteristics of geopolymer concrete. So that current and The majority of the most current studies previously published were investigated to draw attention to the influences of nano-silica on the workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. Based on the analyzed data, the incorporation of nano-silica affected the fresh properties adversely while improves the mechanical performance up to the appropriate dosage of geopolymer concrete.
{"title":"Fresh and Mechanical Characteristics of Eco-efficient Geopolymer Concrete Incorporating Nano-silica: An Overview","authors":"H. Sharif","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Nanotechnology can be regarded as one of the most active studies regions with both novel technological know-how and useful packages which have gradually received attention, especially over the past two many years. The nanotechnology development offers new performance to the materials. Recently efforts have been made to incorporate nanoparticles in construction materials to enhance properties and produce concrete with improved performance. progress in the improvement of geopolymer concrete is fast becoming a feasible alternative to conventional cement-based totally concrete because geopolymer concrete is measured as an eco-efficient green concrete that consumes a large quantity of commercial and agro byproduct substances consisting of fly ash, floor granulated blast furnace slag, rice husk ash. To improve the overall performance of geopolymer concrete several methods have been investigated including using nanomaterials to enhance the chemical reactivity of the geopolymer concrete mixture and provide fine particles to fill nanopores and voids. In this paper, a state-of-the-art review was carried out on the impact of nano-silica inclusion on the fresh and the mechanical characteristics of geopolymer concrete. So that current and The majority of the most current studies previously published were investigated to draw attention to the influences of nano-silica on the workability, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength. Based on the analyzed data, the incorporation of nano-silica affected the fresh properties adversely while improves the mechanical performance up to the appropriate dosage of geopolymer concrete.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46815003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.3
Sarko Salahadin Ahmad, Bakhtiar Ibrahim Saeed
The Internet of Things (IoT) has become one of the most important trends of this century. Recent advances in many different communication technologies and protocols, and access to low-cost and low-power microcontrollers and sensors have made it more prevalent. Globally, most IoT adoption comes from developed countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Western Europe, and East Asia, as these countries have a well-established nationwide IoT infrastructure. In contrast, the IoT application in developing countries such as Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) remains restricted as deployment faces main challenges. On the one hand, selecting the right technology for IoT applications can be complicated with so many IoT connectivity technologies such as Cellular, Wi-Fi, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), Bluetooth, and ZigBee on the market. On the other hand, the main impediment seems to be the lack of IoT infrastructure technologies in developing countries. In this paper, a comparative study on the main LPWAN technologies has been carried out in terms of cost and coverage of the network and range to become connectivity technology for IoT applications in the KRI. Based on the study, LoRa technology has been presented and proposed as the optimal connectivity technology to establish an IoT infrastructure for the KRI. The proposed network enables the deployment of IoT applications easier and faster. In addition, various LoRa based IoT applications have been proposed that benefit many sectors. A potential application has been set out as a case study to show case the significance of the new infrastructure. The proposed LoRaWAN infrastructure can accommodate a vast range of applications and will revolutionize IoT applications in the KRI as it enables data transmission over a long distance while using extremely low power.
{"title":"LoRa: A Proposed Connectivity Technology for Internet of Things Applications in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq","authors":"Sarko Salahadin Ahmad, Bakhtiar Ibrahim Saeed","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet of Things (IoT) has become one of the most important trends of this century. Recent advances in many different communication technologies and protocols, and access to low-cost and low-power microcontrollers and sensors have made it more prevalent. \u0000Globally, most IoT adoption comes from developed countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Western Europe, and East Asia, as these countries have a well-established nationwide IoT infrastructure. In contrast, the IoT application in developing countries such as Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI) remains restricted as deployment faces main challenges. On the one hand, selecting the right technology for IoT applications can be complicated with so many IoT connectivity technologies such as Cellular, Wi-Fi, Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN), Bluetooth, and ZigBee on the market. On the other hand, the main impediment seems to be the lack of IoT infrastructure technologies in developing countries. \u0000In this paper, a comparative study on the main LPWAN technologies has been carried out in terms of cost and coverage of the network and range to become connectivity technology for IoT applications in the KRI. Based on the study, LoRa technology has been presented and proposed as the optimal connectivity technology to establish an IoT infrastructure for the KRI. The proposed network enables the deployment of IoT applications easier and faster. In addition, various LoRa based IoT applications have been proposed that benefit many sectors. A potential application has been set out as a case study to show case the significance of the new infrastructure. \u0000The proposed LoRaWAN infrastructure can accommodate a vast range of applications and will revolutionize IoT applications in the KRI as it enables data transmission over a long distance while using extremely low power.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44371572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.10
Amanj Jalal Faiq
Domestic and international investments are critical for a country's economic growth since they facilitate the transfer of technology, job creation, increase the exports of goods, and services. The financial crisis in Kurdistan region has several economic consequences for domestic and foreign investments, especially on the investment projects throughout: the rate of capital, the numbers of projects, the rate of sectors distribution, nationality investors and the distribution of projects on governors. Since 2014, the Kurdistan region faced financial and economic crisis, which had a huge negative effect on investment projects. As a result, the influence of the investment projects of economic development suffered from fluctuation and instability. This study attempts to evaluate the effect of financial crises on investment projects in Kurdistan regional which are implemented by domestic and foreign investors. To accomplish this objective the statistical technique and economic analysis was applied for annual time series data from 2006 to 2017 by applying the compound annual growth rate Gordon growth model (CAGR). This study finds that the financial crisis has a huge negative effect on local and international investment initiatives.
{"title":"The Effect of the Financial Crisis on Investment Projects Case Study: Kurdistan Region of Iraq","authors":"Amanj Jalal Faiq","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Domestic and international investments are critical for a country's economic growth since they facilitate the transfer of technology, job creation, increase the exports of goods, and services. The financial crisis in Kurdistan region has several economic consequences for domestic and foreign investments, especially on the investment projects throughout: the rate of capital, the numbers of projects, the rate of sectors distribution, nationality investors and the distribution of projects on governors. Since 2014, the Kurdistan region faced financial and economic crisis, which had a huge negative effect on investment projects. As a result, the influence of the investment projects of economic development suffered from fluctuation and instability. This study attempts to evaluate the effect of financial crises on investment projects in Kurdistan regional which are implemented by domestic and foreign investors. To accomplish this objective the statistical technique and economic analysis was applied for annual time series data from 2006 to 2017 by applying the compound annual growth rate Gordon growth model (CAGR). This study finds that the financial crisis has a huge negative effect on local and international investment initiatives.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47113709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-15DOI: 10.24017/science.2021.2.8
Bamo Nadir Faraj, Aree Ali Muhammed
Komar University of Science and Technology (KUST) is among very few universities in Iraq that follows the prerequisite system which is very common in the tertiary level institutions around the world. In such kinds of systems, the prerequisites represent a one or set of courses a student must have completed in order to be able to enrol on a specific course. Although these kinds of systems give total freedom to students on when and how they are going to take courses, deciding which course to take that serves in the best interest of the student is very challenging and sometimes time consuming.This paper presents a web based system developed and implemented by KUST facilitating course registration for the students and administrative staff such that the best possible schedule and course/section combination is presented to the students considering their personal constraints and course requirements. To assist students to make proper decisions the system provides them with collected and analyzed historical data about each offered course such as passing rate of the course, the number of selected friends who registered for and marked the course as favorite and how many courses the selected course is prerequisite of. The collected data is gathered from the currently in place database containing course registration data since spring 2016 which is believed to be adequate to produce accurate results.The system also has the role of academic advisor, which plays an important role in the students’ academic life. Since traditional advising requires extra effort, times and sometimes the suggestion that comes from an academic advisor might not be in the best interest of students due to the lack of information about the student’s academic background or not having sufficient time advising a large number of students in a short window of registration period.
{"title":"An Online Course Registration and Advisory Systems based on Students’ Personal and Social Constraints","authors":"Bamo Nadir Faraj, Aree Ali Muhammed","doi":"10.24017/science.2021.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24017/science.2021.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"Komar University of Science and Technology (KUST) is among very few universities in Iraq that follows the prerequisite system which is very common in the tertiary level institutions around the world. In such kinds of systems, the prerequisites represent a one or set of courses a student must have completed in order to be able to enrol on a specific course. Although these kinds of systems give total freedom to students on when and how they are going to take courses, deciding which course to take that serves in the best interest of the student is very challenging and sometimes time consuming.This paper presents a web based system developed and implemented by KUST facilitating course registration for the students and administrative staff such that the best possible schedule and course/section combination is presented to the students considering their personal constraints and course requirements. To assist students to make proper decisions the system provides them with collected and analyzed historical data about each offered course such as passing rate of the course, the number of selected friends who registered for and marked the course as favorite and how many courses the selected course is prerequisite of. The collected data is gathered from the currently in place database containing course registration data since spring 2016 which is believed to be adequate to produce accurate results.The system also has the role of academic advisor, which plays an important role in the students’ academic life. Since traditional advising requires extra effort, times and sometimes the suggestion that comes from an academic advisor might not be in the best interest of students due to the lack of information about the student’s academic background or not having sufficient time advising a large number of students in a short window of registration period.","PeriodicalId":17866,"journal":{"name":"Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46253810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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