Pub Date : 2024-09-28Epub Date: 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01308-4
Børge G Nordestgaard, Anne Langsted
One in five people are at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic valve stenosis due to high lipoprotein(a). Lipoprotein(a) concentrations are lowest in people from east Asia, Europe, and southeast Asia, intermediate in people from south Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America, and highest in people from Africa. Concentrations are more than 90% genetically determined and 17% higher in post-menopausal women than in men. Individuals at a higher cardiovascular risk should have lipoprotein(a) concentrations measured once in their lifetime to inform those with high concentrations to adhere to a healthy lifestyle and receive medication to lower other cardiovascular risk factors. With no approved drugs to lower lipoprotein(a) concentrations, it is promising that at least five drugs in development lower concentrations by 65-98%, with three currently being tested in large cardiovascular endpoint trials. This Review covers historical perspectives, physiology and pathophysiology, genetic evidence of causality, epidemiology, role in familial hypercholesterolaemia and diabetes, management, screening, diagnosis, measurement, prevention, and future lipoprotein(a)-lowering drugs.
{"title":"Lipoprotein(a) and cardiovascular disease.","authors":"Børge G Nordestgaard, Anne Langsted","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01308-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01308-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One in five people are at high risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and aortic valve stenosis due to high lipoprotein(a). Lipoprotein(a) concentrations are lowest in people from east Asia, Europe, and southeast Asia, intermediate in people from south Asia, the Middle East, and Latin America, and highest in people from Africa. Concentrations are more than 90% genetically determined and 17% higher in post-menopausal women than in men. Individuals at a higher cardiovascular risk should have lipoprotein(a) concentrations measured once in their lifetime to inform those with high concentrations to adhere to a healthy lifestyle and receive medication to lower other cardiovascular risk factors. With no approved drugs to lower lipoprotein(a) concentrations, it is promising that at least five drugs in development lower concentrations by 65-98%, with three currently being tested in large cardiovascular endpoint trials. This Review covers historical perspectives, physiology and pathophysiology, genetic evidence of causality, epidemiology, role in familial hypercholesterolaemia and diabetes, management, screening, diagnosis, measurement, prevention, and future lipoprotein(a)-lowering drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":18014,"journal":{"name":"Lancet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":98.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142290380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02128-7
The Lancet
{"title":"Organ donation: lessons from the Spanish model.","authors":"The Lancet","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02128-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02128-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18014,"journal":{"name":"Lancet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":98.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02088-9
{"title":"Department of Error.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02088-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02088-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18014,"journal":{"name":"Lancet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":98.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02140-8
Jakob Forssmed
{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance: now is the time to revisit global commitments.","authors":"Jakob Forssmed","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02140-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02140-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18014,"journal":{"name":"Lancet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":98.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02141-X
Adidja Amani, Bernadette Abela, Joseph Biey, Tieble Traore, Benido Impouma
{"title":"Accelerating rabies elimination in Africa by 2030.","authors":"Adidja Amani, Bernadette Abela, Joseph Biey, Tieble Traore, Benido Impouma","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02141-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02141-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18014,"journal":{"name":"Lancet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":98.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02070-1
Liang Wang, George F Gao
{"title":"More mpox data are needed to better respond to the public health emergency of international concern.","authors":"Liang Wang, George F Gao","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02070-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)02070-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18014,"journal":{"name":"Lancet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":98.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01939-1
Ezzeldin Saleh, Khalid M Dousa, Ahmed Babiker, Nour Elhouda At Alla Rahma, Hamad Abdel Hadi, Mustafa Elsayed, Suleima Ishag Elkhalifa, Sami Mahmoud Abdelkhair Momin, Ahmed Abubaker, Omer Mergani Nemery, Luai Mohmmed Bashir, Shahinaz Bedri, Nada Fadul, Yasir Hamad, Zahir Osman Eltahir Babiker
{"title":"Health and humanitarian toll of Sudan's forgotten war.","authors":"Ezzeldin Saleh, Khalid M Dousa, Ahmed Babiker, Nour Elhouda At Alla Rahma, Hamad Abdel Hadi, Mustafa Elsayed, Suleima Ishag Elkhalifa, Sami Mahmoud Abdelkhair Momin, Ahmed Abubaker, Omer Mergani Nemery, Luai Mohmmed Bashir, Shahinaz Bedri, Nada Fadul, Yasir Hamad, Zahir Osman Eltahir Babiker","doi":"10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01939-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01939-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18014,"journal":{"name":"Lancet","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":98.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142349389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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