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Comparing Behavioral Health of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Questioning, and Heterosexual Middle School Students. 比较女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、质疑者和异性恋中学生的行为健康状况。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0477
Alena Kuhlemeier, Daniel G Shattuck, Cathleen E Willging, Mary M Ramos

Purpose: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning (LGBQ) high schoolers experience high prevalence of poor behavioral health, but little is known about LGBQ middle schoolers. We sought to quantify behavioral health disparities of LGBQ middle school students. Methods: Using 2021 New Mexico Middle School Youth Risk and Resiliency Survey data (N = 12,400), we estimated the size of the LGBQ middle school population and calculated adjusted risk ratios to investigate behavioral health disparities between LGBQ and heterosexual youth. Results: A quarter of the sample identified as LGBQ. These youth reported significantly more suicidal behaviors and poorer mental health than heterosexual youth. LGBQ youth were more likely to use most substances compared with heterosexual youth. Conclusion: LGBQ middle school students demonstrated high prevalence of poor behavioral health. These findings show that disparities begin earlier than previously assumed and underscore that sociocultural landscapes for sexually diverse youth remain challenging.

目的:女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和质疑者(LGBQ)高中生行为健康不良的发生率很高,但人们对 LGBQ 初中生却知之甚少。我们试图量化 LGBQ 初中生的行为健康差异。研究方法利用 2021 年新墨西哥州初中青少年风险与适应能力调查数据(N = 12,400),我们估算了 LGBQ 初中生的规模,并计算了调整后的风险比,以调查 LGBQ 与异性恋青少年之间的行为健康差异。结果样本中有四分之一的人被认定为 LGBQ。与异性恋青少年相比,这些青少年的自杀行为明显更多,心理健康状况更差。与异性恋青少年相比,LGBQ 青少年更有可能使用大多数药物。结论LGBQ 中学生行为健康不良的发生率很高。这些研究结果表明,差异开始的时间比以前假设的要早,并强调了社会文化环境对不同性取向青少年的挑战仍然存在。
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引用次数: 0
An Evaluation of Resilience as a Protective Factor for Mental Health Among Sexual and Gender Minority Young People. 对作为性与性别少数群体年轻人心理健康保护因素的复原力进行评估。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2024.0135
Charlie Giraud, Michael E Newcomb, Sarah W Whitton

Purpose: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals often face minority stressors that negatively affect their mental health, making it important to identify protective factors against the adverse psychological effects of minority stress. We investigated the potential protective effect of trait resilience in SGM individuals assigned female at birth (SGM-AFAB), who are understudied despite being at particularly high risk for mental health problems. Methods: As part of an ongoing longitudinal cohort study, 452 SGM-AFAB young people (age 16-31 years) completed measures of resilience, minority stressors (victimization, microaggressions, internalized heterosexism, and cisgenderism), and mental health (depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation) in 2017-2018. Moderating effects of resilience on associations between the minority stressors and mental health outcomes were tested using regression analyses. Results: Resilience attenuated the positive associations of microaggressions with both depression and anxiety and of internalized cisgenderism with depression (in transgender and gender-diverse participants), suggesting protective effects. Resilience did not moderate any other associations. Conclusion: These findings suggest that resilience serves as a protective factor against depressive and anxiety symptoms following experiences of microaggressions and against depressive symptoms following internalized cisgenderism among diverse SGM-AFAB individuals. These results underscore the importance of identifying factors that bolster resilience and developing intervention strategies aimed at promoting resilience within SGM-AFAB individuals, especially following experiences of microaggressions and internalized cisgenderism.

目的:性少数群体和性别少数群体(SGM)经常面临少数群体压力,这些压力会对他们的心理健康产生负面影响,因此确定保护因素以防止少数群体压力对心理产生不良影响非常重要。我们研究了特质复原力对出生时被指派为女性的 SGM 群体(SGM-AFAB)的潜在保护作用。研究方法作为一项正在进行的纵向队列研究的一部分,452名SGM-AFAB年轻人(16-31岁)在2017-2018年完成了对复原力、少数群体压力源(受害、微侵害、内化异性恋主义和顺性别主义)和心理健康(抑郁、焦虑、自杀意念)的测量。通过回归分析检验了复原力对少数群体压力因素和心理健康结果之间关联的调节作用。结果显示复原力减弱了微侵害与抑郁和焦虑之间的正相关,以及内化顺性别主义与抑郁之间的正相关(在变性人和性别多元化参与者中),这表明复原力具有保护作用。复原力并没有缓和任何其他关联。结论这些研究结果表明,抗逆力是一种保护性因素,可防止不同性别的 SGM-AFAB(跨性别者和异性恋者)在遭受微侵害后出现抑郁和焦虑症状,以及在内化顺性别主义后出现抑郁症状。这些结果表明,确定增强抗逆力的因素并制定旨在促进 SGM-AFAB 人员抗逆力的干预策略非常重要,尤其是在经历微观诽谤和内化的顺性别主义之后。
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引用次数: 0
Gender Nonconformity, Minority Stress, and Psychological Distress Among Sexual Minority Adolescents. 性少数群体青少年中的性别不一致、少数群体压力和心理困扰》(Gender Nonconformity, Minority Stress, and Psychological Distress Among Sexual Minority Adolescents.
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2024.0059
Brian C Thoma, Candice L Biernesser, Emma Win

Purpose: Sexual minority adolescents (SMAs) have disproportionate experiences of mental health symptoms during adolescence, and minority stress contributes to mental health inequities among SMAs. Gender nonconformity (GNC) could place SMAs at higher risk for minority stress and subsequent mental health symptoms. The current study was designed to examine associations between GNC, minority stress, and psychological distress among SMAs. Method: SMAs ages 12-17 years (n = 455; mean age = 15.52 years) in the United States completed a cross-sectional online survey from February to July 2022, including measures of GNC, peer victimization, family rejection, negative expectations, negative disclosure experiences, internalized homonegativity, and psychological distress. We conducted path analysis to examine associations between GNC, minority stressors, and psychological distress, including indirect effects of GNC on psychological distress via minority stress. Results: In multivariable path analysis adjusted for demographic characteristics, GNC was associated with higher levels of peer victimization and negative expectations and lower internalized homonegativity among SMAs. Higher levels of peer victimization and negative expectations were associated with higher psychological distress. GNC was indirectly related to higher levels of psychological distress via higher peer victimization. Conclusions: The current study is the first to document associations between GNC and multiple minority stress experiences among SMAs, and GNC was indirectly related to psychological distress among SMAs via peer victimization. Although all SMAs would benefit from interventions designed to reduce peer victimization and increase their capacity to cope with minority stress, such interventions may be particularly beneficial for SMAs who are gender nonconforming.

目的:性取向少数群体青少年(SMAs)在青春期出现心理健康症状的比例过高,少数群体压力导致了性取向少数群体青少年心理健康的不平等。性别不一致(GNC)可能会使性取向少数群体青少年面临更高的压力风险,进而出现心理健康症状。本研究旨在探讨 GNC、少数群体压力和 SMA 心理困扰之间的关联。研究方法:美国 12-17 岁的 SMA(n = 455;平均年龄 = 15.52 岁)于 2022 年 2 月至 7 月期间完成了一项横断面在线调查,调查内容包括 GNC、同伴伤害、家庭排斥、负面期望、负面披露经历、内化的同性恋倾向和心理困扰。我们进行了路径分析,研究 GNC、少数群体压力源和心理困扰之间的关联,包括 GNC 通过少数群体压力对心理困扰的间接影响。结果:在对人口统计学特征进行调整的多变量路径分析中,GNC 与 SMAs 中较高水平的同伴伤害和负面期望以及较低的内化同质性有关。较高程度的同伴伤害和消极期望与较高程度的心理压力有关。GNC 通过较高的同伴受害程度与较高的心理困扰间接相关。结论:目前的研究首次记录了 SMA 中 GNC 与多重少数群体压力体验之间的关联,并且 GNC 通过同伴受害与 SMA 的心理困扰间接相关。尽管所有 SMA 都能从旨在减少同伴伤害和提高他们应对少数群体压力能力的干预措施中受益,但此类干预措施可能对性别不符的 SMA 尤其有益。
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引用次数: 0
Navigating Stigma Against At-Risk Sexual and Gender Minority Populations to End the HIV Epidemic in Sub-Saharan Africa. 在撒哈拉以南非洲消除对高危性少数群体和性别少数群体的污名化。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-22 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2024.0110
Faraan O Rahim, Perisa Ashar, Robert Garofalo, Frank Mugisha, Chris Beyrer

In the past year, new laws criminalizing same-sex conduct and the promotion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) rights have emerged as barriers to addressing the HIV epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). An augmented approach to addressing HIV within the region's disproportionately affected LGBTQ populations, particularly transgender women and gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM), is imperative for achieving the international goal of ending the HIV epidemic by 2030. In this article, we present recommendations to bolster the continuum of HIV care for MSM and transgender women in SSA.

在过去的一年中,将同性行为定为刑事犯罪的新法律以及促进女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、变性人和同性恋者(LGBTQ)权利的工作已成为撒哈拉以南非洲地区(SSA)应对艾滋病毒疫情的障碍。为了实现到 2030 年终结艾滋病毒流行的国际目标,必须采取强化措施,解决该地区受影响尤为严重的 LGBTQ 群体(尤其是变性妇女和男同性恋、双性恋及其他男男性行为者 (MSM))的艾滋病毒问题。在本文中,我们将提出建议,以加强对撒哈拉以南非洲地区男男性行为者和变性妇女的持续性艾滋病关怀。
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引用次数: 0
Sexual and Gender Identity-Associated Disparities in University Students' Experiences with Inappropriate, Disrespectful, and Coercive Health Care. 大学生在不恰当、不尊重和胁迫性医疗保健经历中与性和性别认同相关的差异。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0373
Alison R Walsh, Devon E Spiars, Charisse Loder, Emily Dove-Medows, Claire Kalpakjian, Andrea Hess, Kelsey Postler, Michelle L Munro-Kramer, Susan Ernst

Purpose: Inappropriate, disrespectful, or coercive health care (IDCH) is associated with patient age and sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) and can impact healthcare engagement and outcomes. Emerging adulthood is a critical period for establishing trust in health care, yet little is known about university students' IDCH experiences. This study assessed the IDCH prevalence and identified IDCH-SOGI associations in a university student sample. Methods: Using data from the cross-sectional IDC Survey (2021), we quantified the lifetime prevalence of 18 IDCH items in a sample of 3403 university students. Chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to assess bivariate associations between IDCH items and SOGI. We modeled associations between demographic characteristics and two types of provider-sexual misconduct using logistic regression. Results: Statistically significant associations between SOGI and 17 of the analyzed IDCH items were identified. Self-reported IDCH experiences were more prevalent among minoritized SOGI students than heterosexual cisgender students, including receiving inappropriate/harmful treatment and dismissive or biased provider communication. Gender minority and sexual minority cisgender male and female students had significantly higher odds of ever being touched inappropriately during an exam, compared with heterosexual cisgender males (adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval]: 3.07 [1.59-5.93], 2.34 [1.24-4.41], and 1.85 [1.16-2.90], respectively). SOGI was not significantly associated with experiencing a provider's sexual advances. Conclusion: University students with historically minoritized SOGIs may be particularly vulnerable to IDCH experiences; research is needed to understand differential experiences within minoritized sexual and gender subpopulations. Patient and provider education about healthcare norms and trauma-centered care could potentially reduce IDCH and its harms.

目的:不恰当、不尊重或胁迫性医疗保健(IDCH)与患者年龄、性取向和性别认同(SOGI)有关,会影响医疗保健参与度和结果。成年期是建立对医疗保健信任的关键时期,但人们对大学生的 IDCH 体验知之甚少。本研究评估了大学生 IDCH 的流行情况,并确定了 IDCH 与性别认同之间的关联。研究方法利用横断面 IDC 调查(2021 年)的数据,我们对 3403 名大学生样本中 18 个 IDCH 项目的终生流行率进行了量化。我们使用卡方检验(Chi-squared tests)和克鲁斯卡尔-瓦利斯检验(Kruskal-Wallis tests)来评估IDCH项目与SOGI之间的二元关联。我们使用逻辑回归法建立了人口统计学特征与两类提供者-性不端行为之间的关联模型。结果在所分析的 IDCH 项目中,有 17 个项目与 SOGI 之间存在统计学意义上的重大关联。与异性恋同性别学生相比,性别少数和性少数同性别学生自我报告的 IDCH 经历更为普遍,其中包括接受不适当/有害的治疗以及医疗服务提供者轻蔑或带有偏见的沟通。与异性恋同性别男生相比,性别少数和性少数同性别男生和女生在考试中曾被不适当触摸的几率明显更高(调整后的几率比[95%置信区间]:3.07 [1.59-5.59]:分别为 3.07 [1.59-5.93]、2.34 [1.24-4.41] 和 1.85 [1.16-2.90])。SOGI与医疗服务提供者的性挑逗没有明显关联。结论具有历史性少数性取向的大学生可能特别容易受到 IDCH 的影响;需要开展研究以了解少数性取向和性别亚群的不同经历。对患者和医疗服务提供者进行有关医疗保健规范和以创伤为中心的护理的教育,有可能减少 IDCH 及其危害。
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引用次数: 0
Differences in Mental Health Between Female Sexual Minority and Heterosexual Youth with a Substance Use Disorder Who Are Experiencing Homelessness. 无家可归的女性少数性倾向者与患有药物使用障碍的异性恋青少年在心理健康方面的差异。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0230
Allen B Mallory, Jared K Martin, Margaret M Fitzpatrick, Tansel Yilmazer, Laura Chavez, Natasha Slesnick

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in mental health outcomes of two groups within youth experiencing homelessness (YEH) and who have a substance use disorder (SUD): sexual minority (SM) and heterosexual females. Methods: This study used baseline data from four randomized clinical trials of substance use interventions for YEH with a SUD to examine differences in depression and suicidality between SM and heterosexual female youth. Participants were between 12 and 24 years of age. Meta-analytic methods were used to aggregate data across studies to estimate differences in mental health. Results: Results indicated that female SM-YEH had higher depression symptoms (Hedge's g [g]=0.20; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.01-0.39), higher risk of a history of suicide behavior (risk ratio = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.17-2.27), and a greater number of suicide behaviors (g = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.09-0.54) compared to their heterosexual peers. These effect sizes were not moderated by age. Conclusion: Female SM-YEH had elevated levels of depression and suicidality compared to their heterosexual peers. The findings of this study align with research on mental health disparities between SM and heterosexual youth generally, which underscores the unique struggles and risks associated with identifying as a female SM-YEH with a SUD.

目的:本研究旨在探讨无家可归青年(YEH)中患有药物使用障碍(SUD)的两个群体:性少数群体(SM)和异性恋女性在心理健康结果方面的差异。研究方法本研究使用了四项针对患有药物滥用障碍的无家可归青年的药物滥用干预随机临床试验的基线数据,以研究性少数群体和异性恋女性青年在抑郁和自杀方面的差异。参与者年龄在 12-24 岁之间。研究采用了元分析方法来汇总各项研究的数据,以估计心理健康方面的差异。结果显示结果显示,与异性恋同龄人相比,女性 SM-YEH 有更高的抑郁症状(海杰氏 g [g]=0.20; 95% 置信区间 [CI] 0.01-0.39)、更高的自杀行为史风险(风险比 = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.17-2.27)和更多的自杀行为(g = 0.31; 95% CI: 0.09-0.54)。这些效应大小不受年龄的影响。结论与异性恋同龄人相比,女性 SM-YEH 的抑郁和自杀水平较高。本研究的结果与有关 SM 青少年与异性恋青少年之间心理健康差异的研究结果一致,强调了女性 SM-YEH 在被认定为患有 SUD 后所面临的独特困境和风险。
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引用次数: 0
Adverse Childhood Experiences, Perceived Discrimination, and Mental Health in Sexual and Gender Minoritized Adults: Comparing Stress Accumulation and Stress Sensitization Models. 性少数群体和性别少数群体成年人的不良童年经历、感知歧视和心理健康:比较压力积累模型和压力敏感化模型。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0296
Phillip W Schnarrs, Armin A Dorri, Stephen T Russell, Timothy J Grigsby, Ruby Charak, Hayden Dawes, Amy L Stone, R Andrew Yockey, Joshua G Rosenberger

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) exposure, perceived discrimination, and anxiety and depressive symptoms in sexual and gender minoritized (SGM) adults in the United States. Methods: Respondents (n = 4445) from a national Qualtrics research panel completed a web-based survey. Guided by the stress proliferation (mediation model) and stress sensitization (moderation model) models, we examined the relationships between ACEs and perceived discrimination and the severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms in adulthood. Results: Cumulative ACEs exposure was positively associated with everyday discrimination scale (EDS) scores. ACEs and EDS scores had a significant direct association with anxiety and depressive symptoms. We found support for EDS as a mediator for anxiety (β = 0.12, p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (β = 0.14, p < 0.001) and for ACEs as a moderator of the relationship between EDS and anxiety (β = -0.04, p = 0.004) and depressive (β = -0.05, p = 0.001) symptoms. Conclusions: These findings suggest that both stress proliferation and stress sensitization likely contribute to disparities in anxiety and depressive symptoms in SGM adults. This finding supports the integration of social safety and minority stress perspectives regarding health disparities in SGM populations. Exposure to early life adversity likely alters neurodevelopment, which in turn increases awareness of the lack of social safety in adulthood, reduces capacity to cope with minority stress exposure, and ultimately contributes to increased anxiety and depressive symptoms. Prevention efforts should focus on building positive and compensatory childhood experiences.

目的:本研究旨在评估美国性与性别少数群体(SGM)成年人童年不良经历(ACEs)暴露、感知到的歧视与焦虑和抑郁症状之间的关系。调查方法来自全国 Qualtrics 研究小组的受访者(n = 4445)完成了一项网络调查。在压力扩散(中介模型)和压力敏感化(调节模型)模型的指导下,我们研究了 ACE 与感知到的歧视以及成年后焦虑和抑郁症状严重程度之间的关系。研究结果累积的 ACE 与日常歧视量表(EDS)得分呈正相关。ACE和EDS得分与焦虑和抑郁症状有显著的直接联系。我们发现,EDS 是焦虑(β = 0.12,p < 0.001)和抑郁症状(β = 0.14,p < 0.001)的介导因素,而 ACE 是 EDS 与焦虑(β = -0.04,p = 0.004)和抑郁症状(β = -0.05,p = 0.001)之间关系的调节因素。结论这些研究结果表明,压力增殖和压力敏感化可能会导致上海通用汽车成人焦虑和抑郁症状的差异。这一发现支持将社会安全和少数群体压力的观点结合起来,以解决上海通用汽车人群的健康差异问题。早期生活中的逆境可能会改变神经发育,进而增加成年后缺乏社会安全的意识,降低应对少数群体压力的能力,最终导致焦虑和抑郁症状的增加。预防工作的重点应放在培养积极的补偿性童年经历上。
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引用次数: 0
Weight Stigma and Mental and Emotional Health Among Sexual and Gender Minority Individuals: A Scoping Review. 性少数群体和性别少数群体的体重耻辱与心理和情绪健康:范围界定综述。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0025
Sarah I Leonard, Yashika Sharma, Tonda L Hughes, Kasey B Jackman, Jean-Marie Bruzzese

Purpose: Weight stigma is associated with poor mental and emotional health and may be especially harmful to sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals due to co-occurring minority stress. The literature on this topic has not been synthesized. We conducted a scoping review of the literature on weight stigma and mental and emotional health among SGM individuals to synthesize findings, highlight gaps, and identify clinical and research implications. Methods: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews, we searched PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus in April 2022. Included studies examined the relationship between weight stigma and mental and emotional health among SGM people of any age. We did not restrict study design or publication date. Results: Of 513 records identified, 23 met inclusion criteria. Most focused on sexual minority individuals; one focused specifically on gender minority individuals. Weight stigma was associated with poorer mental and emotional health in nearly all studies. The most common outcomes examined were self-esteem, maladaptive eating, and depressive symptoms. Five studies, all using the same dataset, focused on adolescents; none focused on older adults. Conclusions: Weight stigma is associated with poorer mental and emotional health among SGM individuals and, through its intersections with minority stress, might impact SGM individuals differently than their cisgender and heterosexual counterparts. There are important gaps regarding weight stigma's effect on SGM adolescents and gender minority individuals and its relationship with a broader range of mental and emotional health outcomes.

目的:体重污名与不良的心理和情绪健康有关,由于同时发生的少数群体压力,可能对性和性别少数群体(SGM)个体尤其有害。关于这一主题的文献尚未综合。我们对SGM个体的体重耻辱感和心理和情绪健康文献进行了范围审查,以综合研究结果,强调差距,并确定临床和研究意义。方法:根据系统评价的首选报告项目和范围界定评价的荟萃分析扩展,我们在2022年4月搜索了PubMed、CINAHL、PsycINFO和Scopus。纳入的研究调查了任何年龄的SGM人群的体重耻辱感与心理和情绪健康之间的关系。我们没有限制研究设计或发表日期。结果:在513份记录中,23份符合入选标准。大多数关注性少数群体;其中一项专门针对性别少数群体。在几乎所有的研究中,体重污名与较差的心理和情绪健康有关。最常见的检查结果是自尊、饮食不适应和抑郁症状。五项研究都使用同一数据集,重点关注青少年;没有人关注老年人。结论:体重污名与SGM个体较差的心理和情绪健康有关,并且通过其与少数群体压力的交叉,可能会对SGM个体产生与顺性别和异性恋个体不同的影响。在体重污名对SGM青少年和性别少数群体的影响及其与更广泛的心理和情绪健康结果的关系方面存在重要差距。
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引用次数: 0
Rosalind Franklin Society Proudly Announces the 2023 Award Recipient for LGBT Health. 罗莎琳德-富兰克林学会自豪地宣布 2023 年女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性者健康奖获得者。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2024.68296.rfs2023
Samantha E Lawrence
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Statewide Enumerated Antibullying Laws and Local School Interventions on School Spaces, Physical Harm, and Suicide Attempts for LGBTQ Youth. 全州范围内列举的反欺凌法和地方学校干预措施对校园空间、身体伤害和 LGBTQ 青少年自杀企图的影响》(The Impact of Statewide Enumerated Antibullying Laws and Local School Interventions on School Spaces, Physical Harm, and Suicide Attempts for LGBTQ Youth)。
IF 3.9 2区 医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0099
Landon B Krantz, Melinda C MacDougall, Shelley Ehrlich, William B Brinkman

Purpose: Our goal was to evaluate the impact of enumerated antibullying laws and local interventions on school affirmation, risk of physical threat or harm, and suicide attempts for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) youth. Methods: This study used cross-sectional data from three national sources that provided outcomes and potential predictors: (1) The Trevor Project National Survey 2022: based on the LGBTQ youth report, (2) Movement Advancement Project: presence of LGBTQ enumerated antibullying state laws, and (3) School Health Profiles 2020: statewide prevalence of school-level strategies to improve student wellness reported by school personnel. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models calculated the relative risks (RRs) for each outcome. Results: LGBTQ youth (n = 27,697) were surveyed. Youth were less likely to identify their school as nonaffirming in states with enumerated laws (RR: 0.97, confidence interval [CI]: 0.94-0.99) and in states with higher percentages of gay/straight alliances (GSAs) (RR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96-0.97). Youth were less likely to report a history of physical threat or harm in states with more GSAs (RR: 0.96, 95% CI: 0.95-0.97). Enumerated state laws were associated with a lower risk of suicide attempts among LGBTQ youth (RR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.77-0.87). Universal strategies/policies not specific to LGBTQ youth did not reduce risk of physical threat/harm or suicide attempts. Conclusions: Statewide enumerated antibullying protections and the presence of a GSA were associated with a decreased risk of poor outcomes among LGBTQ youth. Longitudinal studies are needed to assess the impact of recent legislative changes.

目的:我们的目标是评估列举式反欺凌法律和地方干预措施对女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋、跨性别者和质疑者(LGBTQ)青少年的学校肯定、人身威胁或伤害风险以及自杀企图的影响。研究方法本研究使用了来自三个国家的横截面数据,这些数据提供了结果和潜在的预测因素:(1) 特雷弗项目 2022 年全国调查:基于 LGBTQ 青年报告;(2) 运动促进项目:LGBTQ 列举反欺凌州法律的存在情况;(3) 2020 年学校健康概况:由学校工作人员报告的全州范围内改善学生健康的校级策略的普及率。双变量和多变量逻辑回归模型计算了每种结果的相对风险 (RR)。结果显示LGBTQ 青少年(n = 27,697)接受了调查。在有列举法律的州(RR:0.97,置信区间[CI]:0.94-0.99)和同性恋/异性恋联盟(GSA)比例较高的州(RR:0.97,95% CI:0.96-0.97),青少年不太可能将自己的学校认定为非确认学校。在同性恋联盟较多的州,青少年报告曾受到人身威胁或伤害的可能性较低(RR:0.96,95% CI:0.95-0.97)。列举的州法律与 LGBTQ 青少年自杀未遂风险较低有关(RR:0.82,95% CI:0.77-0.87)。非专门针对 LGBTQ 青少年的通用策略/政策并未降低人身威胁/伤害或自杀未遂的风险。结论全州范围内的反欺凌保护措施和GSA的存在与LGBTQ青少年不良后果风险的降低有关。需要进行纵向研究,以评估近期立法变化的影响。
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引用次数: 0
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LGBT health
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