Pub Date : 2023-08-06DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.132
S. Balan, R. Basir, Y. Yong, Noor Aishah Mohammed Izham, Jasmine Siew Min Chia, Fezah Othman, Jonathan Chee Woei Lim, Siti Farah Md Tohid, H. Bahari, C. Tham
The 36th Malaysian Society of Pharmacology and Physiology (MSPP) Annual Scientific Meeting was hosted in collaboration with the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia from the 7th to 8th of August 2023 at Bangi Resort Hotel in Bangi, Malaysia. The event focused on the theme "Pharmacology & Physiology Post-Millenial Era: Challenges & Opportunities". This platform is one of the suitable avenues to facilitate the exchange of scientific endeavors and enhance networking among scientists, academicians, clinicians, and postgraduate students involved in the fields of pharmacology and physiology, as well as multidisciplinary areas such as drug discovery, omics approaches, stem cells, and regenerative medicine. The primary objective of the special issue is to revitalize recent advances and breakthroughs in pharmacology and physiology to enhance opportunities and vanquish challenges in the post-millenial era, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. In light of this, the special issue compiles the conference proceeding, to provide opportunities for knowledge integration of research and innovations.
{"title":"36th Malaysian Society of Pharmacology and Physiology Annual Scientific Meeting 2023","authors":"S. Balan, R. Basir, Y. Yong, Noor Aishah Mohammed Izham, Jasmine Siew Min Chia, Fezah Othman, Jonathan Chee Woei Lim, Siti Farah Md Tohid, H. Bahari, C. Tham","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.132","url":null,"abstract":"The 36th Malaysian Society of Pharmacology and Physiology (MSPP) Annual Scientific Meeting was hosted in collaboration with the Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia from the 7th to 8th of August 2023 at Bangi Resort Hotel in Bangi, Malaysia. The event focused on the theme \"Pharmacology & Physiology Post-Millenial Era: Challenges & Opportunities\". This platform is one of the suitable avenues to facilitate the exchange of scientific endeavors and enhance networking among scientists, academicians, clinicians, and postgraduate students involved in the fields of pharmacology and physiology, as well as multidisciplinary areas such as drug discovery, omics approaches, stem cells, and regenerative medicine. The primary objective of the special issue is to revitalize recent advances and breakthroughs in pharmacology and physiology to enhance opportunities and vanquish challenges in the post-millenial era, especially in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. In light of this, the special issue compiles the conference proceeding, to provide opportunities for knowledge integration of research and innovations.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87148683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-16DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.107
Nurul Izzaty Najwa Zahari, Noor Fardziatun Ujal, N. Abu-Bakar
Artemisinin is a powerful drug that has been combined with other antimalarial drugs to combat malaria and it has been crucial to recent achievements in reducing malaria cases. However, the emergence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance against artemisinin has become a serious problem in malaria treatment. Our previous studies reported that artemisinin alkalinised the digestive vacuole of P. falciparum similarly to concanamycin A. Concanamycin A is a specific inhibitor of V-type H+-ATPase, a proton pump located on the membrane of the digestive vacuole. A study also showed that a low concentration of concanamycin A is required to kill 50% of the parasites. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the interaction of artemisinin with concanamycin A by using the isobologram analysis of effects on parasite growth. The antimalarial activity (IC50) of artemisinin and concanamycin A was evaluated by using a malarial SBYR Green I fluorescence-based (MSF) assay prior to isobologram analysis. Based on their IC50 values, six different combination solutions of the drugs were assigned and used in the isobologram analysis. The IC50 of artemisinin and concanamycin A was 13 ± 2.52 nM and 7 ± 1.15 nM, respectively. The interaction of artemisinin and concanamycin A was found to be synergistic, indicating that the combination of these drugs could kill the parasites more effectively. This study suggests that artemisinin and concanamycin A combination can be a new candidate in artemisinin-based combination therapies.
青蒿素是一种强效药物，已与其他抗疟疾药物联合用于防治疟疾，它对最近在减少疟疾病例方面取得的成就至关重要。然而，恶性疟原虫对青蒿素耐药性的出现已成为疟疾治疗中的一个严重问题。我们之前的研究报道了青蒿素对恶性疟原虫消化液泡的碱化作用，类似于康纳霉素A。康纳霉素A是v型H+- atp酶的特异性抑制剂，v型H+- atp酶是一种位于消化液泡膜上的质子泵。一项研究还表明，低浓度的康那霉素A可以杀死50%的寄生虫。因此，本研究旨在通过对寄生虫生长影响的等线图分析来确定青蒿素与康纳霉素A的相互作用。采用疟疾SBYR Green I荧光法(MSF)测定青蒿素和康纳霉素A的抗疟活性(IC50)，然后进行等温图分析。根据它们的IC50值，分配了6种不同的药物组合溶液并用于等刻度图分析。青蒿素和康那霉素A的IC50分别为13±2.52 nM和7±1.15 nM。青蒿素与康纳霉素A的相互作用具有协同作用，表明两者联合用药可更有效地杀死疟原虫。本研究提示，青蒿素与康那霉素A联合可作为青蒿素为基础的联合治疗的新候选药物。
{"title":"Synergistic interaction of two antimalarial drugs, artemisinin and concanamycin A","authors":"Nurul Izzaty Najwa Zahari, Noor Fardziatun Ujal, N. Abu-Bakar","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.107","url":null,"abstract":"Artemisinin is a powerful drug that has been combined with other antimalarial drugs to combat malaria and it has been crucial to recent achievements in reducing malaria cases. However, the emergence of Plasmodium falciparum resistance against artemisinin has become a serious problem in malaria treatment. Our previous studies reported that artemisinin alkalinised the digestive vacuole of P. falciparum similarly to concanamycin A. Concanamycin A is a specific inhibitor of V-type H+-ATPase, a proton pump located on the membrane of the digestive vacuole. A study also showed that a low concentration of concanamycin A is required to kill 50% of the parasites. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the interaction of artemisinin with concanamycin A by using the isobologram analysis of effects on parasite growth. The antimalarial activity (IC50) of artemisinin and concanamycin A was evaluated by using a malarial SBYR Green I fluorescence-based (MSF) assay prior to isobologram analysis. Based on their IC50 values, six different combination solutions of the drugs were assigned and used in the isobologram analysis. The IC50 of artemisinin and concanamycin A was 13 ± 2.52 nM and 7 ± 1.15 nM, respectively. The interaction of artemisinin and concanamycin A was found to be synergistic, indicating that the combination of these drugs could kill the parasites more effectively. This study suggests that artemisinin and concanamycin A combination can be a new candidate in artemisinin-based combination therapies.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"165 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87447139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.119
{"title":"20th International Medical, Pharmaceutical, Cosmeceutical and Health Science Symposium","authors":"","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81261595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-15DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.110
A. Olajide, E. Olayinka, A. Ore, S. Kehinde, Cynthia Chisom Okoye
Polyvinyl chloride is plasticized using diisononyl phthalate (DiNP), and exposure to phthalates has been linked to the emergence of asthma and allergies. The adjuvant impact of DiNP exposure results in allergic airway inflammation. In the current study, we looked into how ellagic acid (ELA) impacted asthma brought on by DiNP. Male BALB/c mice (n=40, 20-30 g) were divided into 4 groups of 10 mice each, and the following treatments were given to each group: group 1 (control) received saline orally for 30 days; group 2 (ELA) received 10 mg/kg of ELA (oral) for 30 days; group 3 (DiNP & ELA) received 10 mg/kg of ELA (oral) for 7 days prior to DiNP (50mg/kg) exposure (intraperitoneal and intranasal); group 4 (DiNP) received 50 mg/kg DiNP. After the last administration, mice were sacrificed, lungs were removed and their bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected which was used for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The mice given DiNP had changes in their histoarchitecture, inflammatory cells, antioxidant status, and inflammation markers. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and inflammatory biomarkers (NO, MPO) were considerably higher (p< 0.05) in the lungs of DiNP-treated mice than in the control group. In the lungs, DiNP reduced the concentration of non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH and AA), and the activity of enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, CAT, and GST). DiNP also altered inflammatory cells (eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, leucocytes) in the BALF. ELA administration ameliorated these changes. Histopathological analysis revealed airway inflammation characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, oedema, hemorrhage, and constricted alveoli space. Additionally, the mice co-treated with ELA and DiNP experienced mild inflammation of the alveoli and interstitial spaces as well as mild thickening of the alveolar septae. ELA offered a protective effect against DiNP-induced allergic asthma in mice.
{"title":"Ellagic acid alleviates pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress in mouse model of diisononyl phthalate-induced asthma","authors":"A. Olajide, E. Olayinka, A. Ore, S. Kehinde, Cynthia Chisom Okoye","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.7.1.2023.110","url":null,"abstract":"Polyvinyl chloride is plasticized using diisononyl phthalate (DiNP), and exposure to phthalates has been linked to the emergence of asthma and allergies. The adjuvant impact of DiNP exposure results in allergic airway inflammation. In the current study, we looked into how ellagic acid (ELA) impacted asthma brought on by DiNP. Male BALB/c mice (n=40, 20-30 g) were divided into 4 groups of 10 mice each, and the following treatments were given to each group: group 1 (control) received saline orally for 30 days; group 2 (ELA) received 10 mg/kg of ELA (oral) for 30 days; group 3 (DiNP & ELA) received 10 mg/kg of ELA (oral) for 7 days prior to DiNP (50mg/kg) exposure (intraperitoneal and intranasal); group 4 (DiNP) received 50 mg/kg DiNP. After the last administration, mice were sacrificed, lungs were removed and their bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected which was used for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The mice given DiNP had changes in their histoarchitecture, inflammatory cells, antioxidant status, and inflammation markers. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and inflammatory biomarkers (NO, MPO) were considerably higher (p< 0.05) in the lungs of DiNP-treated mice than in the control group. In the lungs, DiNP reduced the concentration of non-enzymatic antioxidants (GSH and AA), and the activity of enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, CAT, and GST). DiNP also altered inflammatory cells (eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, leucocytes) in the BALF. ELA administration ameliorated these changes. Histopathological analysis revealed airway inflammation characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration, oedema, hemorrhage, and constricted alveoli space. Additionally, the mice co-treated with ELA and DiNP experienced mild inflammation of the alveoli and interstitial spaces as well as mild thickening of the alveolar septae. ELA offered a protective effect against DiNP-induced allergic asthma in mice.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80949636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-21DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.108
Siti Khadijah Adam, Y. Yong, C. N. Mat Taib, M. A. Mohd Moklas, S. Fakurazi, Hasiah Ab Hamid, M. K. Hussain, Nurul Hayati Mohamad Zainal, Azmah Sa'at
Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, partnered with Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia to host the virtual 3rd International Anatomical and Biomedical Scientific Conference (IABS) 2022 on 22nd – 24th November 2022. With the theme ‘Rejuvenating health sciences towards inclusive and sustainable ecosystem’, this platform is one of the best avenues that cultivates sharing and exchanging scientific endeavours among scientists, clinicians, postgraduate students and academicians involved in the field of anatomy, health sciences and relevant disciplines. The goal of the Special Issue is to revitalise the body of knowledge in health sciences to enhance and offer a sustainable and inclusive ecosystem now that the COVID-19 pandemic has transitioned to the endemic stage globally. Submissions that conceptually, experimentally, or theoretically analyse and explain some of the major problems with achieving the objectives. In light of this, this Special Issue of the conference proceedings aims to integrate practitioner and academic viewpoints. This special issue, in particular, can advance the theory and synthesis of the selected topic. Additionally, it can present fresh findings from experiments, drawing attention to the effectiveness of techniques now employed by subject-matter experts.
{"title":"3rd International Anatomical and Biomedical Scientific Conference (IABS) 2022","authors":"Siti Khadijah Adam, Y. Yong, C. N. Mat Taib, M. A. Mohd Moklas, S. Fakurazi, Hasiah Ab Hamid, M. K. Hussain, Nurul Hayati Mohamad Zainal, Azmah Sa'at","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.108","url":null,"abstract":"Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, partnered with Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia to host the virtual 3rd International Anatomical and Biomedical Scientific Conference (IABS) 2022 on 22nd – 24th November 2022. With the theme ‘Rejuvenating health sciences towards inclusive and sustainable ecosystem’, this platform is one of the best avenues that cultivates sharing and exchanging scientific endeavours among scientists, clinicians, postgraduate students and academicians involved in the field of anatomy, health sciences and relevant disciplines. The goal of the Special Issue is to revitalise the body of knowledge in health sciences to enhance and offer a sustainable and inclusive ecosystem now that the COVID-19 pandemic has transitioned to the endemic stage globally. Submissions that conceptually, experimentally, or theoretically analyse and explain some of the major problems with achieving the objectives. In light of this, this Special Issue of the conference proceedings aims to integrate practitioner and academic viewpoints. This special issue, in particular, can advance the theory and synthesis of the selected topic. Additionally, it can present fresh findings from experiments, drawing attention to the effectiveness of techniques now employed by subject-matter experts.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87688354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.98
Swe Swe San, L. Anuratpanich, M. Sunantiwat, S. Pumtong
The use of dietary supplement (DS) among the elderly has increased worldwide including Myanmar. This survey research aimed to explore the prevalence of DS use and factors associated with DS use among the elderly in Yangon, Myanmar. Two hundred elderly were systematically sampled from four wards in South Okkalapa Township, Yangon. Face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire were conducted in February 2020. Descriptive statistics, chi square test and a binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Findings showed that DS use was highly prevalent among the elderly (71%; 95% CI 64.7-77.3). The top three DS frequently used were multivitamins and minerals, vitamin B complex, and a combination of ginseng and multivitamins/minerals (43.6%, 12.8%, 11.3% respectively). The majority used only one DS, once daily, and between one and five years. Nearly half of them took DS to promote their health. They received DS from purchasing at pharmacies (45.1%), obtaining from family/relatives and friends (33.2%), and hospitals (18.5%). Nearly 75% reported that they consulted with their healthcare providers when taking DS. There were no any associations among independent variables (demographic factors, health behaviors, as well as health status) and DS use of the elderly. Some interventions by health care organizations might be created to raise awareness of appropriate use of DS, especially for the elderly who are at high risk group of negative consequences from drug-dietary interaction.
在包括缅甸在内的世界范围内，老年人使用膳食补充剂(DS)的情况有所增加。本调查研究旨在探讨缅甸仰光市老年人使用退保服务的流行情况及相关因素。系统地从仰光南奥卡拉帕镇的四个病房抽样了200名老年人。2020年2月，采用结构化问卷进行了面对面访谈。采用描述性统计、卡方检验和二元logistic回归进行数据分析。调查结果显示，DS的使用在老年人中非常普遍(71%;95% ci 64.7-77.3)。使用频率最高的三种DS分别是复合维生素和矿物质、复合维生素B和人参与复合维生素/矿物质的组合(分别为43.6%、12.8%和11.3%)。大多数人只使用一次DS，每天一次，时间在1到5年之间。近一半的人服用DS来促进健康。他们从药房购买(45.1%)、从家人/亲戚朋友(33.2%)和医院(18.5%)获得DS。近75%的人报告说，他们在服用DS时咨询了医疗保健提供者。自变量(人口因素、健康行为、健康状况)与老年人DS使用无相关性。卫生保健组织可以采取一些干预措施，提高人们对适当使用退行性痴呆的认识，特别是对药物-饮食相互作用产生负面后果的高风险群体老年人。
{"title":"Use of dietary supplement among the elderly in Yangon, Myanmar","authors":"Swe Swe San, L. Anuratpanich, M. Sunantiwat, S. Pumtong","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.98","url":null,"abstract":"The use of dietary supplement (DS) among the elderly has increased worldwide including Myanmar. This survey research aimed to explore the prevalence of DS use and factors associated with DS use among the elderly in Yangon, Myanmar. Two hundred elderly were systematically sampled from four wards in South Okkalapa Township, Yangon. Face-to-face interviews with a structured questionnaire were conducted in February 2020. Descriptive statistics, chi square test and a binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. Findings showed that DS use was highly prevalent among the elderly (71%; 95% CI 64.7-77.3). The top three DS frequently used were multivitamins and minerals, vitamin B complex, and a combination of ginseng and multivitamins/minerals (43.6%, 12.8%, 11.3% respectively). The majority used only one DS, once daily, and between one and five years. Nearly half of them took DS to promote their health. They received DS from purchasing at pharmacies (45.1%), obtaining from family/relatives and friends (33.2%), and hospitals (18.5%). Nearly 75% reported that they consulted with their healthcare providers when taking DS. There were no any associations among independent variables (demographic factors, health behaviors, as well as health status) and DS use of the elderly. Some interventions by health care organizations might be created to raise awareness of appropriate use of DS, especially for the elderly who are at high risk group of negative consequences from drug-dietary interaction.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73326208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.104
P. Mangkalard, Lawan Ruekngarm, Supawadee Ponta
Anemia is a significant public health concern in pregnant women and women of reproductive age globally. The prevalence of anemia in Thailand was approximately 36.7%. Common causes of anemia were iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta-thalassemia trait (BTT). World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that dietary adjustments focusing on iron-rich foods foster the improvement of IDA and IDA with BTT. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nutrition counselling in pregnant women with IDA on anemia parameters and dietary intake records. Retrospective data were obtained from the Division of Nutrition and Antenatal Care (ANC) Clinic at Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute (BIDI) in Nonthaburi, Thailand. Nutrition Care Process Model was used in nutrition service at BIDI. During the second trimester, nutrition counselling was provided at the ANC Clinic by a dietitian routinely based on WHO guidelines for nutritional anemia. The anemia parameters and dietary intake records were recorded during ANC visits at the second and third trimesters. A paired t-test was used to evaluate differences within each group. Collected data from 61 pregnant women with anemia were analyzed (IDA: 55; BTT: 6). In the third trimester, the changes in hematocrit levels were significantly high in both IDA (p ≤ 0.001) and BTT groups (p = 0.016). In addition, the improvement in daily energy consumption and iron-rich foods was significantly observed in both groups (p ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, the delivery of nutrition counselling focusing on iron-rich foods significantly enhanced IDA parameters and eating behaviours, including increased hematocrit levels, and improved daily energy intake and iron-rich foods intake among pregnant women with anemia.
{"title":"Effects of nutrition counselling on iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy","authors":"P. Mangkalard, Lawan Ruekngarm, Supawadee Ponta","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.104","url":null,"abstract":"Anemia is a significant public health concern in pregnant women and women of reproductive age globally. The prevalence of anemia in Thailand was approximately 36.7%. Common causes of anemia were iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta-thalassemia trait (BTT). World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that dietary adjustments focusing on iron-rich foods foster the improvement of IDA and IDA with BTT. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of nutrition counselling in pregnant women with IDA on anemia parameters and dietary intake records. Retrospective data were obtained from the Division of Nutrition and Antenatal Care (ANC) Clinic at Bamrasnaradura Infectious Diseases Institute (BIDI) in Nonthaburi, Thailand. Nutrition Care Process Model was used in nutrition service at BIDI. During the second trimester, nutrition counselling was provided at the ANC Clinic by a dietitian routinely based on WHO guidelines for nutritional anemia. The anemia parameters and dietary intake records were recorded during ANC visits at the second and third trimesters. A paired t-test was used to evaluate differences within each group. Collected data from 61 pregnant women with anemia were analyzed (IDA: 55; BTT: 6). In the third trimester, the changes in hematocrit levels were significantly high in both IDA (p ≤ 0.001) and BTT groups (p = 0.016). In addition, the improvement in daily energy consumption and iron-rich foods was significantly observed in both groups (p ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, the delivery of nutrition counselling focusing on iron-rich foods significantly enhanced IDA parameters and eating behaviours, including increased hematocrit levels, and improved daily energy intake and iron-rich foods intake among pregnant women with anemia.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82051263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-13DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.96
Nina Hezagira, S. Youngkong, A. Riewpaiboon
In Burundi, malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in children under five. This results in high clinical burden of the disease; however, its economic burden remains unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden associated with malaria in Burundi and explore the factors that can affect the costs. This study was a prospective incidence-based cost-of-illness study analysed from the societal perspective. The study included children aged under five years with malaria infection, who visited and received treatment at any of the two study health facilities in the period of November to December 2019. Data collection was done by reviewing medical and financial records and by interviewing caregivers of the patients. Micro-costing approach was used to estimate the economic costs of malaria per episode. The cost was presented in international dollars (Int$) for the year 2019. Stepwise multiple linear regression method was applied to examine the factors affecting the costs and to generate a cost model. Eighty-five children with the average age of 29 months were included in the study. Most of them (70.5%) were treated as in-patient. The out-patient visits costed Int$23.5, while the in-patient hospitalization costed Int$218.2. The types of medical services, health facilities, antimalarials used, and duration of fever before seeking appropriate medical care were found to affect the costs. The model indicates that up to Int$18.76 can be saved per malaria episode if treated early (in less than 2 days). This can save up to Int$24,257,748 per year at national level. This study demonstrated that malaria is associated with a considerable economic burden in Burundi. It will support decision makers in deciding an appropriate clinical management for malaria prevention like the community case management program.
{"title":"Economic burden of malaria in Burundian children: An evidence for disease management in resource limited settings","authors":"Nina Hezagira, S. Youngkong, A. Riewpaiboon","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.96","url":null,"abstract":"In Burundi, malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in children under five. This results in high clinical burden of the disease; however, its economic burden remains unknown. The aim of this study was to estimate the economic burden associated with malaria in Burundi and explore the factors that can affect the costs. This study was a prospective incidence-based cost-of-illness study analysed from the societal perspective. The study included children aged under five years with malaria infection, who visited and received treatment at any of the two study health facilities in the period of November to December 2019. Data collection was done by reviewing medical and financial records and by interviewing caregivers of the patients. Micro-costing approach was used to estimate the economic costs of malaria per episode. The cost was presented in international dollars (Int$) for the year 2019. Stepwise multiple linear regression method was applied to examine the factors affecting the costs and to generate a cost model. Eighty-five children with the average age of 29 months were included in the study. Most of them (70.5%) were treated as in-patient. The out-patient visits costed Int$23.5, while the in-patient hospitalization costed Int$218.2. The types of medical services, health facilities, antimalarials used, and duration of fever before seeking appropriate medical care were found to affect the costs. The model indicates that up to Int$18.76 can be saved per malaria episode if treated early (in less than 2 days). This can save up to Int$24,257,748 per year at national level. This study demonstrated that malaria is associated with a considerable economic burden in Burundi. It will support decision makers in deciding an appropriate clinical management for malaria prevention like the community case management program.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77825546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-06DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.100
Lalita Mahaklan, J. Pratuangdejkul, Veena Satitpatipan
Staphylococcus epidermidis is a commensal bacterium of human skin. S. epidermidis possesses lipolytic activity to digest skin surface lipids into the smallest unit of fatty acids (FAs). Most FAs hold antimicrobial properties essential for protecting skin from invading microorganisms. In this study, we were interested in virgin coconut oil (VCO), the source of several medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) such as lauric acid and caprylic acid. Those MCFAs products demonstrated remarkable antibacterial activity. Our results showed that crude supernatant from the culture medium of S. epidermidis with VCO fermentation exhibited the growth inhibition effect on Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium causes a wide range of skin diseases. A co-culture of S. epidermidis and S. aureus in a rich medium with 2.5% (v/v) VCO significantly reduced the growth of S. aureus compared to those without VCO (p-value <0.05). Moreover, time-kill assays indicated that the supernatant from the culture medium of S. epidermidis with VCO fermentation showed an efficient antimicrobial activity against S. aureus after 18 hours of incubation. Our results concluded that the culture of S. epidermidis with VCO plausibly induced fermentation of natural lipid sources aiming the production of MCFAs with antibacterial activity, particularly suppression of skin pathogen S. aureus growth. The skin commensal bacterium S. epidermidis might help produce MCFAs from skin products containing VCO and make more benefits for skin infection protection.
{"title":"Antimicrobial effect of coconut oil on Staphylococcus aureus: an implication of Staphylococcus epidermidis induced fermentation","authors":"Lalita Mahaklan, J. Pratuangdejkul, Veena Satitpatipan","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.100","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus epidermidis is a commensal bacterium of human skin. S. epidermidis possesses lipolytic activity to digest skin surface lipids into the smallest unit of fatty acids (FAs). Most FAs hold antimicrobial properties essential for protecting skin from invading microorganisms. In this study, we were interested in virgin coconut oil (VCO), the source of several medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) such as lauric acid and caprylic acid. Those MCFAs products demonstrated remarkable antibacterial activity. Our results showed that crude supernatant from the culture medium of S. epidermidis with VCO fermentation exhibited the growth inhibition effect on Staphylococcus aureus. This bacterium causes a wide range of skin diseases. A co-culture of S. epidermidis and S. aureus in a rich medium with 2.5% (v/v) VCO significantly reduced the growth of S. aureus compared to those without VCO (p-value <0.05). Moreover, time-kill assays indicated that the supernatant from the culture medium of S. epidermidis with VCO fermentation showed an efficient antimicrobial activity against S. aureus after 18 hours of incubation. Our results concluded that the culture of S. epidermidis with VCO plausibly induced fermentation of natural lipid sources aiming the production of MCFAs with antibacterial activity, particularly suppression of skin pathogen S. aureus growth. The skin commensal bacterium S. epidermidis might help produce MCFAs from skin products containing VCO and make more benefits for skin infection protection.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79010437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-29DOI: 10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.97
Saranya Khunjan, S. Pumtong, L. Anuratpanich
Since 2017, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) management has been one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) of tertiary hospitals in Thailand. Pharmacists are an integral part of a multidisciplinary team combating AMR in hospitals. There has been no previous research on Thai pharmacists’ satisfaction with AMR management. This study aimed to investigate hospital pharmacists’ opinions, attitudes, and job satisfaction regarding AMR management as well as the relationships between variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Self-administered questionnaires were posted to both public and private hospitals (n=1,298) across Thailand. Between April and July of 2021, data was collected. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis test were used for analysis. A total of 249 pharmacists who were actively involved in AMR management in their hospitals completed questionnaires. The response rate was 19.2%. The respondents’ average age was 37.20±8.2 years. Most of the pharmacists (77.5%) were female. The average number of years spent as a hospital pharmacist was 12.3±8.2. Approximately 63% believed it was worthwhile to work in AMR management and they liked their current job. Secondary hospital pharmacists had more favorable attitudes than tertiary hospital pharmacists. In terms of job satisfaction, pharmacists in secondary hospitals reported higher level of satisfaction with their salary than pharmacists in the tertiary hospitals (p=0.000). Regarding gender, work competency and career path were found to be statistically significant (p < .05). Males expressed greater satisfaction with work competency than females, whereas females expressed greater satisfaction with their career path. Pharmacists' opinions, attitudes, and job satisfaction with AMR management were significantly positively associated. It can be stated that the hospital pharmacists were optimistic about AMR management. While the majority of them expressed satisfaction with their jobs, improving some factors such as job-related skills and career path is necessary to retain health care professionals in hospitals.
{"title":"Hospital pharmacists’ satisfaction with antimicrobial resistance management in Thailand","authors":"Saranya Khunjan, S. Pumtong, L. Anuratpanich","doi":"10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28916/lsmb.6.1.2022.97","url":null,"abstract":"Since 2017, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) management has been one of the key performance indicators (KPIs) of tertiary hospitals in Thailand. Pharmacists are an integral part of a multidisciplinary team combating AMR in hospitals. There has been no previous research on Thai pharmacists’ satisfaction with AMR management. This study aimed to investigate hospital pharmacists’ opinions, attitudes, and job satisfaction regarding AMR management as well as the relationships between variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted. Self-administered questionnaires were posted to both public and private hospitals (n=1,298) across Thailand. Between April and July of 2021, data was collected. Descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test, and Kruskal Wallis test were used for analysis. A total of 249 pharmacists who were actively involved in AMR management in their hospitals completed questionnaires. The response rate was 19.2%. The respondents’ average age was 37.20±8.2 years. Most of the pharmacists (77.5%) were female. The average number of years spent as a hospital pharmacist was 12.3±8.2. Approximately 63% believed it was worthwhile to work in AMR management and they liked their current job. Secondary hospital pharmacists had more favorable attitudes than tertiary hospital pharmacists. In terms of job satisfaction, pharmacists in secondary hospitals reported higher level of satisfaction with their salary than pharmacists in the tertiary hospitals (p=0.000). Regarding gender, work competency and career path were found to be statistically significant (p < .05). Males expressed greater satisfaction with work competency than females, whereas females expressed greater satisfaction with their career path. Pharmacists' opinions, attitudes, and job satisfaction with AMR management were significantly positively associated. It can be stated that the hospital pharmacists were optimistic about AMR management. While the majority of them expressed satisfaction with their jobs, improving some factors such as job-related skills and career path is necessary to retain health care professionals in hospitals.","PeriodicalId":18068,"journal":{"name":"Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83159820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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