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Defects in integrin complex formation promote CHKB-mediated muscular dystrophy. 整合素复合物形成缺陷会促进 CHKB 介导的肌肉萎缩症。
IF 3.3 2区 生物学 Q1 BIOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-05-15 Print Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202301956
Mahtab Tavasoli, Christopher R McMaster

Phosphatidylcholine (PC) is the major membrane phospholipid in most eukaryotic cells. Bi-allelic loss of function variants in CHKB, encoding the first step in the synthesis of PC, is the cause of a rostrocaudal muscular dystrophy in both humans and mice. Loss of sarcolemma integrity is a hallmark of muscular dystrophies; however, how this occurs in the absence of choline kinase function is not known. We determine that in Chkb -/- mice there is a failure of the α7β1 integrin complex that is specific to affected muscle. We observed that in Chkb -/- hindlimb muscles there is a decrease in sarcolemma association/abundance of the PI(4,5)P2 binding integrin complex proteins vinculin, and α-actinin, and a decrease in actin association with the sarcolemma. In cells, pharmacological inhibition of choline kinase activity results in internalization of a fluorescent PI(4,5)P2 reporter from discrete plasma membrane clusters at the cell surface membrane to cytosol, this corresponds with a decreased vinculin localization at plasma membrane focal adhesions that was rescued by overexpression of CHKB.

磷脂酰胆碱(PC)是大多数真核细胞的主要膜磷脂。编码 PC 合成第一步的 CHKB 双等位基因功能缺失变体是人类和小鼠喙尾肌营养不良症的病因。肌浆蛋白完整性的丧失是肌肉萎缩症的一个特征;然而,在缺乏胆碱酯酶功能的情况下,这种丧失是如何发生的尚不清楚。我们确定,在 Chkb -/- 小鼠中,α7β1 整合素复合物失效,这是受影响肌肉的特异性。我们观察到,在 Chkb -/-后肢肌肉中,肌浆膜与 PI(4,5)P2 结合的整合素复合物蛋白 vinculin 和 α-肌动蛋白的结合/丰度降低,肌动蛋白与肌浆膜的结合减少。在细胞中,对胆碱酯酶活性的药理抑制会导致荧光 PI(4,5)P2 报告物从细胞表面膜的离散质膜簇内化到细胞膜,这与质膜焦点粘附处 vinculin 定位减少相对应,而过量表达 CHKB 可挽救这种情况。
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引用次数: 0
Systems genetics analysis of human body fat distribution genes identifies adipocyte processes. 人体脂肪分布基因的系统遗传学分析确定了脂肪细胞过程。
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402603
Jordan N Reed, Jiansheng Huang, Yong Li, Lijiang Ma, Dhanush Banka, Martin Wabitsch, Tianfang Wang, Wen Ding, Johan Lm Björkegren, Mete Civelek
Excess abdominal fat is a sexually dimorphic risk factor for cardio-metabolic disease and is approximated by the waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (WHRadjBMI). Whereas this trait is highly heritable, few causal genes are known. We aimed to identify novel drivers of WHRadjBMI using systems genetics. We used two independent cohorts of adipose tissue gene expression and constructed sex- and depot-specific Bayesian networks to model gene-gene interactions from 8,492 genes. Using key driver analysis, we identified genes that, in silico and putatively in vitro, regulate many others. 51-119 key drivers in each network were replicated in both cohorts. In other cell types, 23 of these genes are found in crucial adipocyte pathways: Wnt signaling or mitochondrial function. We overexpressed or down-regulated seven key driver genes in human subcutaneous pre-adipocytes. Key driver genes ANAPC2 and RSPO1 inhibited adipogenesis, whereas PSME3 increased adipogenesis. RSPO1 increased Wnt signaling activity. In differentiated adipocytes, MIGA1 and UBR1 down-regulation led to mitochondrial dysfunction. These five genes regulate adipocyte function, and we hypothesize that they regulate fat distribution.
腹部脂肪过多是心血管代谢疾病的一个性别二态风险因素,近似值为根据体重指数调整后的腰臀比(WHRadjBMI)。虽然这一特征具有高度遗传性,但已知的致病基因却很少。我们的目的是利用系统遗传学来确定 WHRadjBMI 的新驱动因素。我们使用了两个独立的脂肪组织基因表达队列,并构建了针对不同性别和部位的贝叶斯网络,以模拟 8492 个基因之间的相互作用。通过关键驱动因素分析,我们确定了在硅学和体外可能调控其他许多基因的基因。每个网络中的 51-119 个关键驱动因子在两个队列中都得到了重复。在其他细胞类型中,这些基因中有 23 个存在于关键的脂肪细胞通路中:Wnt信号转导或线粒体功能。我们在人类皮下前脂肪细胞中过量表达或下调了七个关键驱动基因。关键驱动基因ANAPC2和RSPO1抑制了脂肪的生成,而PSME3则促进了脂肪的生成。RSPO1 增加了 Wnt 信号活性。在分化的脂肪细胞中,MIGA1和UBR1的下调导致线粒体功能障碍。这五个基因调控脂肪细胞的功能,我们推测它们调控脂肪的分布。
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引用次数: 0
VDR restores the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 in TECs of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. VDR 可恢复链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病小鼠 TEC 中 PINK1 和 BNIP3 的表达。
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302474
Cheng Yang, Bin Yi, Shikun Yang, Aimei Li, Jishi Liu, Jianwen Wang, Jun Liu, Zhi Li, Qin Liao, Wei Zhang, Hao Zhang
Defective mitophagy in renal tubular epithelial cells is one of the main drivers of renal fibrosis in diabetic kidney disease. Our gene sequencing data showed the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3, two key molecules of mitophagy, was decreased in renal tissues of VDR-knockout mice. Herein, streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce renal interstitial fibrosis in mice. VDR deficiency exacerbated STZ-induced renal impairment and defective mitophagy. Paricalcitol (pari, a VDR agonist) and the tubular epithelial cell-specific overexpression of VDR restored the expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 in the renal cortex and attenuated STZ-induced kidney fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction. In HK-2 cells under high glucose conditions, an increased level of α-SMA, COL1, and FN and a decreased expression of PINK1 and BNIP3 with severe mitochondrial damage were observed, and these alterations could be largely reversed by pari treatment. ChIP-qPCR and luciferase reporter assays showed VDR could positively regulate the transcription of Pink1 and Bnip3 genes. These findings reveal that VDR could restore mitophagy defects and attenuate STZ-induced fibrosis in diabetic mice through regulation of PINK1 and BNIP3.
肾小管上皮细胞有丝分裂缺陷是糖尿病肾病肾纤维化的主要驱动因素之一。我们的基因测序数据显示,VDR基因敲除小鼠肾组织中有丝分裂的两个关键分子PINK1和BNIP3的表达量减少。在此,我们使用链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导小鼠肾间质纤维化。VDR 缺乏会加剧 STZ 诱导的肾功能损伤和有丝分裂缺陷。帕立骨化醇(pari,一种VDR激动剂)和肾小管上皮细胞特异性过表达VDR可恢复肾皮质中PINK1和BNIP3的表达,减轻STZ诱导的肾脏纤维化和线粒体功能障碍。在高糖条件下的 HK-2 细胞中,观察到 α-SMA、COL1 和 FN 水平升高,PINK1 和 BNIP3 表达降低,线粒体损伤严重,这些变化在很大程度上可通过帕利治疗逆转。ChIP-qPCR 和荧光素酶报告实验表明,VDR 能正向调节 Pink1 和 Bnip3 基因的转录。这些发现揭示了VDR可通过调控PINK1和BNIP3恢复糖尿病小鼠有丝分裂缺陷并减轻STZ诱导的纤维化。
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引用次数: 0
Renal antiporter ClC-5 regulates collagen I/IV through the β-catenin pathway and lysosomal degradation. 肾脏拮抗剂ClC-5通过β-catenin途径和溶酶体降解调节胶原蛋白I/IV。
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302444
Mònica Durán, Gema Ariceta, Maria E Semidey, Carla Castells-Esteve, Andrea Casal-Pardo, Baisong Lu, Anna Meseguer, Gerard Cantero-Recasens
Mutations in Cl-/H+ antiporter ClC-5 cause Dent's disease type 1 (DD1), a rare tubulopathy that progresses to renal fibrosis and kidney failure. Here, we have used DD1 human cellular models and renal tissue from DD1 mice to unravel the role of ClC-5 in renal fibrosis. Our results in cell systems have shown that ClC-5 deletion causes an increase in collagen I (Col I) and IV (Col IV) intracellular levels by promoting their transcription through the β-catenin pathway and impairing their lysosomal-mediated degradation. Increased production of Col I/IV in ClC-5-depleted cells ends up in higher release to the extracellular medium, which may lead to renal fibrosis. Furthermore, our data have revealed that 3-mo-old mice lacking ClC-5 (Clcn5 +/- and Clcn5 -/- ) present higher renal collagen deposition and fibrosis than WT mice. Altogether, we describe a new regulatory mechanism for collagens' production and release by ClC-5, which is altered in DD1 and provides a better understanding of disease progression to renal fibrosis.
Cl-/H+ 反转运体 ClC-5 的突变会导致 Dent's disease type 1(DD1),这是一种罕见的肾小管疾病,会发展为肾脏纤维化和肾衰竭。在此,我们利用 DD1 人类细胞模型和 DD1 小鼠的肾组织来揭示 ClC-5 在肾纤维化中的作用。我们在细胞系统中的研究结果表明,ClC-5缺失会通过β-catenin途径促进胶原蛋白I(Col I)和IV(Col IV)的转录,并影响溶酶体介导的降解,从而导致细胞内胶原蛋白I(Col I)和IV(Col IV)水平的增加。ColⅠ/Ⅳ在ClC-5缺失细胞中的生成增加,最终导致向细胞外介质的释放增加,从而可能导致肾脏纤维化。此外,我们的数据还显示,与 WT 小鼠相比,缺乏 ClC-5 的 3 月龄小鼠(Clcn5 +/- 和 Clcn5 -/- )的肾胶原沉积和纤维化程度更高。总之,我们描述了 ClC-5 在 DD1 中改变胶原生成和释放的新调控机制,并为更好地理解肾脏纤维化的疾病进展提供了依据。
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引用次数: 0
Lineage-specific changes in mitochondrial properties during neural stem cell differentiation. 神经干细胞分化过程中线粒体特异性变化
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302473
Rita Soares, Diogo M. Lourenço, Isa F Mota, A. Sebastião, S. Xapelli, V. A. Morais
Neural stem cells (NSCs) reside in discrete regions of the adult mammalian brain where they can differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. Several studies suggest that mitochondria have a major role in regulating NSC fate. Here, we evaluated mitochondrial properties throughout NSC differentiation and in lineage-specific cells. For this, we used the neurosphere assay model to isolate, expand, and differentiate mouse subventricular zone postnatal NSCs. We found that the levels of proteins involved in mitochondrial fusion (Mitofusin [Mfn] 1 and Mfn 2) increased, whereas proteins involved in fission (dynamin-related protein 1 [DRP1]) decreased along differentiation. Importantly, changes in mitochondrial dynamics correlated with distinct patterns of mitochondrial morphology in each lineage. Particularly, we found that the number of branched and unbranched mitochondria increased during astroglial and neuronal differentiation, whereas the area occupied by mitochondrial structures significantly reduced with oligodendrocyte maturation. In addition, comparing the three lineages, neurons revealed to be the most energetically flexible, whereas astrocytes presented the highest ATP content. Our work identified putative mitochondrial targets to enhance lineage-directed differentiation of mouse subventricular zone-derived NSCs.
神经干细胞(NSCs)存在于哺乳动物成体大脑的离散区域,可分化为神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞。多项研究表明,线粒体在调控 NSC 的命运方面发挥着重要作用。在这里,我们评估了线粒体在整个 NSC 分化过程中以及在特定品系细胞中的特性。为此,我们使用神经球实验模型来分离、扩增和分化小鼠室管膜下区出生后的 NSCs。我们发现,参与线粒体融合的蛋白(Mitofusin [Mfn] 1和Mfn 2)水平随着分化而升高,而参与裂变的蛋白(dynamin相关蛋白1 [DRP1])水平随着分化而降低。重要的是,线粒体动力学的变化与各系线粒体形态的不同模式相关。特别是,我们发现在星形胶质细胞和神经细胞分化过程中,分枝和不分枝线粒体的数量增加,而线粒体结构所占的面积则随着少突胶质细胞的成熟而显著减少。此外,比较三种细胞系,神经元的能量灵活性最高,而星形胶质细胞的 ATP 含量最高。我们的研究确定了线粒体的潜在靶点,以增强小鼠室管膜下区源性非小细胞干细胞的品系定向分化。
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引用次数: 0
iMPAQT reveals that adequate mitohormesis from TFAM overexpression leads to life extension in mice. iMPAQT显示,TFAM过表达产生的充分有丝分裂可使小鼠寿命延长。
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302498
K. Igami, Hiroki Kittaka, Mikako Yagi, K. Gotoh, Yuichi Matsushima, Tomomi Ide, Masataka Ikeda, Saori Ueda, Shin-Ichiro Nitta, Manami Hayakawa, Keiichi I Nakayama, Masaki Matsumoto, Dongchon Kang, Takeshi Uchiumi
Mitochondrial transcription factor A, TFAM, is essential for mitochondrial function. We examined the effects of overexpressing the TFAM gene in mice. Two types of transgenic mice were created: TFAM heterozygous (TFAM Tg) and homozygous (TFAM Tg/Tg) mice. TFAM Tg/Tg mice were smaller and leaner notably with longer lifespans. In skeletal muscle, TFAM overexpression changed gene and protein expression in mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes, with down-regulation in complexes 1, 3, and 4 and up-regulation in complexes 2 and 5. The iMPAQT analysis combined with metabolomics was able to clearly separate the metabolomic features of the three types of mice, with increased degradation of fatty acids and branched-chain amino acids and decreased glycolysis in homozygotes. Consistent with these observations, comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed signs of mitochondrial stress, with elevation of genes associated with the integrated and mitochondrial stress responses, including Atf4, Fgf21, and Gdf15. These found that mitohormesis develops and metabolic shifts in skeletal muscle occur as an adaptive strategy.
线粒体转录因子 A(TFAM)对线粒体功能至关重要。我们研究了在小鼠体内过量表达 TFAM 基因的影响。我们创建了两种转基因小鼠:TFAM 杂合子小鼠(TFAM Tg)和同源杂合子小鼠(TFAM Tg/Tg)。TFAM Tg/Tg 小鼠体型更小,更瘦,寿命更长。在骨骼肌中,TFAM 的过表达改变了线粒体呼吸链复合物的基因和蛋白质表达,复合物 1、3 和 4 下调,复合物 2 和 5 上调。iMPAQT 分析与代谢组学相结合,能够清楚地区分三种类型小鼠的代谢组学特征,同型基因小鼠的脂肪酸和支链氨基酸降解增加,糖酵解减少。与这些观察结果一致的是,全面的基因表达分析显示出线粒体应激的迹象,包括 Atf4、Fgf21 和 Gdf15 在内的与综合应激反应和线粒体应激反应相关的基因都出现了升高。这些发现表明,骨骼肌中的线粒体生成和代谢转变是一种适应性策略。
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引用次数: 0
lncRNA LINC00941 modulates MTA2/NuRD occupancy to suppress premature human epidermal differentiation lncRNA LINC00941调节MTA2/NuRD的占有率,抑制人类表皮过早分化
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302475
Eva Morgenstern, Carolin Molthof, Uwe Schwartz, Johannes Graf, Astrid Bruckmann, Sonja Hombach, Markus Kretz
The long non-coding RNA LINC00941 regulates skin differentiation through recruitment of the epigenetic regulator complex NuRD.
长非编码 RNA LINC00941 通过招募表观遗传调节复合物 NuRD 来调节皮肤分化。
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引用次数: 0
Porphyrin overdrive rewires cancer cell metabolism 卟啉过度驱动重塑癌细胞新陈代谢
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302547
S. Adapa, Gregory A. Hunter, Narmin E. Amin, Christopher Marinescu, Andrew Borsky, Elizabeth M Sagatys, Said M. Sebti, Gary W. Reuther, Gloria C Ferreira, R. H. Jiang
Cancer cells exhibit a metabolic phenotype termed “porphyrin overdrive,” characterized by dysregulated heme metabolic pathways for intermediate accumulation. This rewiring is cancer-essential and cancer-specific. Targeting this vulnerability with a “bait-and-kill” strategy shows promise in eradicating malignant cells.
癌细胞表现出一种被称为 "卟啉超速 "的代谢表型,其特点是中间体积累的血红素代谢途径失调。这种重新布线是癌症所必需的,也是癌症所特有的。利用 "诱杀 "策略瞄准这一弱点,有望根除恶性细胞。
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引用次数: 0
Combining sophisticated fast FLIM, confocal microscopy, and STED nanoscopy for live-cell imaging of tunneling nanotubes 结合先进的快速 FLIM、共聚焦显微镜和 STED 纳米镜,对隧道纳米管进行活细胞成像
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-22 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302398
M. Bénard, Christophe Chamot, D. Schapman, Aurélien Debonne, A. Lebon, Fatéméh Dubois, G. Levallet, Hitoshi Komuro, Ludovic Galas
Here, we proposed an innovative advanced light imaging to reveal the dynamics of tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) that are now considered as a long- and short-distance route for cell-to-cell communication.
在这里,我们提出了一种创新的先进光成像技术,以揭示隧道纳米管(TNTs)的动态,这种纳米管目前被认为是细胞间长距离和短距离通信的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Autocrine VEGF drives neural stem cell proximity to the adult hippocampus vascular niche 血管内皮生长因子自分泌驱动神经干细胞接近成体海马血管龛
IF 4.4 2区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202402659
Tyler J. Dause, Jiyeon K. Denninger, Robert Osap, Ashley E. Walters, Joshua D. Rieskamp, E. D. Kirby
Autocrine VEGF signaling is necessary to maintain adult neural stem and progenitor cell proximity to blood vessels in the adult hippocampus and promotes their motility or adhesion.
自分泌血管内皮生长因子信号是维持成体神经干细胞和祖细胞接近成体海马血管并促进其运动或粘附所必需的。
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引用次数: 0
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