Prof. Michael Eskin, Mr. Peter Clough, Dr. Gary List
{"title":"Research Highlights","authors":"Prof. Michael Eskin, Mr. Peter Clough, Dr. Gary List","doi":"10.1002/lite.201600033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lite.201600033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18083,"journal":{"name":"Lipid Technology","volume":"28 7","pages":"130-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lite.201600033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137774845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Processing of edible oils during refining of the crude oil, or when used in frying, often exposes the oils to thermal and oxidative stresses. However, because of weaknesses inherent in their chemical structure, oils subsequently undergo structural decomposition and transformation in response to thermooxidative stresses. Whereas some of the decomposition products from the processed oils confer some value additions to the oils and the foods prepared in them (e.g. flavor, color, texture, and even stability), a number of edible oils' degradation products are known to be potentially toxic, and at reasonably high quantity, can compromise the health and wellbeing of consumers. This article describes the sources and updated knowledge on major toxic compounds that are generated during high temperature processing and usage of vegetable oils.
{"title":"Toxic contaminants of thermo-oxidatively processed edible oils/fats","authors":"Felix Aladedunye","doi":"10.1002/lite.201600032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/lite.201600032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Processing of edible oils during refining of the crude oil, or when used in frying, often exposes the oils to thermal and oxidative stresses. However, because of weaknesses inherent in their chemical structure, oils subsequently undergo structural decomposition and transformation in response to thermooxidative stresses. Whereas some of the decomposition products from the processed oils confer some value additions to the oils and the foods prepared in them (e.g. flavor, color, texture, and even stability), a number of edible oils' degradation products are known to be potentially toxic, and at reasonably high quantity, can compromise the health and wellbeing of consumers. This article describes the sources and updated knowledge on major toxic compounds that are generated during high temperature processing and usage of vegetable oils.</p>","PeriodicalId":18083,"journal":{"name":"Lipid Technology","volume":"28 7","pages":"117-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/lite.201600032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80871637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lipids encompass a myriad of natural compounds with many essential biological functions and applications across the areas of food and nutrition, health and medicine, and modern nanotechnologies. Arsenic has long been known as a highly toxic element. What happens when the two come together?
{"title":"Fat‐soluble arsenic – new lipids with a sting in their tail","authors":"K. Francesconi, T. Schwerdtle","doi":"10.1002/LITE.201600024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/LITE.201600024","url":null,"abstract":"Lipids encompass a myriad of natural compounds with many essential biological functions and applications across the areas of food and nutrition, health and medicine, and modern nanotechnologies. Arsenic has long been known as a highly toxic element. What happens when the two come together?","PeriodicalId":18083,"journal":{"name":"Lipid Technology","volume":"73 1","pages":"96-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86133623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by injured cell powerhouses, mitochondria may lead to the development of heavy neuronal disorders of both chronic (Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, etc.) and acute brain injury followed by a secondary neuronal damage and death over time. Once a mitochondrion is injured, a phospholipid constituent of its inner membrane, cardiolipin (CL) undergoes externalization triggering a sequence of events which may lead to either natural elimination of injured mitochondria without the host cell injury or programmed host cell suicide, apoptosis. Mitochondria-induced apoptosis is, among other, also responsible for radiation-induced damage of radiosensitive organs like bone marrow and the small intestine. In order to prevent cell suicide, (per)oxygenation of externalized CL at the outer side of the inner mitochondrial membrane catalyzed by the cytochrome c/CL complex should be suppressed. Here some approaches that lead to the targeted suppression of ROS and inhibition of cyt c/CL complex (per)oxygenative activity within mitochondria are discussed, which provide the basis for the development of new anti-apoptotic drugs defending the neuronal and other tissues from degeneration by ROS. The positive effects of these drugs were demonstrated in the laboratory animals developing secondary neuronal damage over time following traumatic brain injury or suffering from radiation-induced disorders.
{"title":"Targeted delivery of mitochondrial protectors prevents cardiolipin oxidation and cell degeneration following brain trauma or radiation injury","authors":"M. Rabinovich","doi":"10.1002/LITE.201600023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/LITE.201600023","url":null,"abstract":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by injured cell powerhouses, mitochondria may lead to the development of heavy neuronal disorders of both chronic (Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, etc.) and acute brain injury followed by a secondary neuronal damage and death over time. Once a mitochondrion is injured, a phospholipid constituent of its inner membrane, cardiolipin (CL) undergoes externalization triggering a sequence of events which may lead to either natural elimination of injured mitochondria without the host cell injury or programmed host cell suicide, apoptosis. Mitochondria-induced apoptosis is, among other, also responsible for radiation-induced damage of radiosensitive organs like bone marrow and the small intestine. In order to prevent cell suicide, (per)oxygenation of externalized CL at the outer side of the inner mitochondrial membrane catalyzed by the cytochrome c/CL complex should be suppressed. Here some approaches that lead to the targeted suppression of ROS and inhibition of cyt c/CL complex (per)oxygenative activity within mitochondria are discussed, which provide the basis for the development of new anti-apoptotic drugs defending the neuronal and other tissues from degeneration by ROS. The positive effects of these drugs were demonstrated in the laboratory animals developing secondary neuronal damage over time following traumatic brain injury or suffering from radiation-induced disorders.","PeriodicalId":18083,"journal":{"name":"Lipid Technology","volume":"70 1","pages":"99-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88960506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lipid autoxidation in ozone‐processed crustacea under cold storage: A treatise","authors":"C. Okpala","doi":"10.1002/LITE.201600026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/LITE.201600026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18083,"journal":{"name":"Lipid Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":"93-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85012488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is predicted to become the top leading cause of disability worldwide by 2020, with a high lifetime prevalence rate of up to one-tenth or possibly even one-fifth [1]. The current psychopharmacologic interventions have had fairly limited success and the development of novel antidepressant medications has had mixed results with several unfortunate failures due to limited efficacy and adverse side effects. With such challenges of prevailing pharmacotherapies towards MDD, a new therapeutic strategy in treatment with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 or n-3 PUFAs) supplementation has shown promising outcomes in lowering the risk of depression.
{"title":"Detecting the modest signals of omega‐3 fatty acids' antidepressant effects by homogenizing depressed patient groups","authors":"S. Kumaran, Y. Shih, K. Su","doi":"10.1002/LITE.201600028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/LITE.201600028","url":null,"abstract":"Major depressive disorder (MDD) is predicted to become the top leading cause of disability worldwide by 2020, with a high lifetime prevalence rate of up to one-tenth or possibly even one-fifth [1]. The current psychopharmacologic interventions have had fairly limited success and the development of novel antidepressant medications has had mixed results with several unfortunate failures due to limited efficacy and adverse side effects. With such challenges of prevailing pharmacotherapies towards MDD, a new therapeutic strategy in treatment with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 or n-3 PUFAs) supplementation has shown promising outcomes in lowering the risk of depression.","PeriodicalId":18083,"journal":{"name":"Lipid Technology","volume":"40 1","pages":"86-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79337525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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