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Implementation of Marketing Mix Strategy on over the Counter (OTC) Drug At Rizki Mahakam Farma 1 Pharmacy, Kota Bangun Kota Bangun Rizki Mahakam Farma 1药房非处方药营销组合策略的实施
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31674/mjmr.2023.v07i02.003
Rizki Mahakam Ripaldi, Siti Jubaidah, Husnul Warnida, H. Wijaya
Introduction: Pharmacies need to manage marketing activities to support pharmaceutical services to increase consumer satisfaction. Consumer satisfaction can be improved with a marketing mix strategy approach (Marketing Mix). Objective: Determine how consumers respond to rizki mahakam farma 1 pharmacy's marketing mix aspects. Method: This study uses descriptive data analysis and is not experimental. This study's subject is consumer reactions to the marketing mix strategy at rizki mahakam farma one pharmacy, Kota Bangun. The sample for this study consisted of customers who bought medications without a prescription from a doctor (over-the-counter medicines). Results: Consumer response analysis of marketing mix strategies, according to the study results, for consumer reaction products by 4.54, prices of 3.7, locations of 4.58, and promotions of 4.23, all elements are classified as “very good.” The results of the Spearman rank test found no significant relationship between the consumer response to marketing mix strategy (marketing mix). Conclusion: All of these elements fall within the "very good" category, thus we can conclude that they are all excellent.
导言:药店需要管理营销活动,以支持药品服务,提高消费者满意度。消费者满意度可以通过营销组合策略方法(营销组合)来提高。目的:确定消费者对丽兹基马哈卡姆农场1药房营销组合方面的反应。方法:本研究采用描述性数据分析,非实验性。本研究的主题是消费者对Kota bangan rizki mahakam farma one药房营销组合策略的反应。本研究的样本包括那些没有医生处方就购买药物的顾客(非处方药)。结果:消费者反应分析营销组合策略,根据研究结果,对于消费者反应产品为4.54,价格为3.7,位置为4.58,促销为4.23,所有要素都被归类为“非常好”。Spearman秩检验的结果发现,消费者对营销组合策略(营销组合)的反应之间没有显著的关系。结论:所有这些元素都属于“非常好”的类别,因此我们可以得出结论,它们都是优秀的。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Diabetic Patients with and without Diabetic Retinopathy and Healthy Individuals using Ocular Coherence Tomography 眼相干断层扫描对糖尿病视网膜病变与非糖尿病视网膜病变患者视网膜神经纤维层厚度的比较
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31674/mjmr.2023.v07i03.002
Isha Aslam, Sadaf Qayyum, Maryam Firdous, S. Ullah
Objectives: Using Ocular Coherence Tomography, the study aimed to examine the RNFL thickness of type diabetics, patients with Diabetic Retinopathy, and healthy persons. Methods: 101 patients from the outside patient department and the Retina department of Tertiary Eye Care Hospital participated in this research. The cross-sectional study design was used. Non-probability consecutive sampling was utilized as the sampling technique. Patients were selected according to inclusion criteria. Visual Acuity was assessed using an (ETDRS) Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Visual acuity chart at a distance of 6m. After the Ophthalmological Examination was done by a doctor, Ocular Coherence Tomography (Heidelberg Spectralis) was performed to assess RNFL thickness. The association between different types of diabetic retinopathy, Type-2 Diabetes, Normal Healthy, and retinal RNFL thickness was determined using a one-way ANOVA test. Results: The age range of the participants was between 40 and 69 years, with a mean of 55.68 ±10.437 years. 15.3% had diabetes for 1 to 5 years. 24% had Diabetes for 6 to 10 yea 19.9% had a Diabetes duration of 19.9%. The RNFL thickness was significantly decreased in type 2 diabetics, NPDR, and PDR as compared to normal Healthy individuals (p<.001). Age and duration of diabetes were closely correlated with the retinal nerve fiber layer (p<0.001). Conclusion: This study indicated that the (retinal nerve fiber layer) RNFL was considerably thinner in all quadrants of diabetic retinopathy (NPDR, PDR), type 2 diabetics, and healthy persons. Age and duration of diabetes were significantly correlated with average RNFL thickness.
目的:利用眼相干体层摄影技术,研究糖尿病患者、糖尿病视网膜病变患者和健康人的视网膜厚度。方法:来自三级眼科医院门诊和视网膜科的101例患者参与了本研究。采用横断面研究设计。采用非概率连续抽样作为采样技术。根据纳入标准选择患者。使用ETDRS早期治疗糖尿病视网膜病变研究视力表在距离6米处评估视力。医生完成眼科检查后,行眼相干断层扫描(Heidelberg Spectralis)评估RNFL厚度。不同类型的糖尿病视网膜病变、2型糖尿病、正常健康和视网膜RNFL厚度之间的关系使用单因素方差分析检验确定。结果:年龄40 ~ 69岁,平均55.68±10.437岁。15.3%的人患有糖尿病1至5年。24%的人患有糖尿病6至10年,19.9%的人患有糖尿病,病程19.9%。与正常健康人相比,2型糖尿病患者、NPDR和PDR患者的RNFL厚度显著降低(p< 0.001)。糖尿病患者年龄、病程与视网膜神经纤维层数密切相关(p<0.001)。结论:本研究表明,糖尿病视网膜病变(NPDR、PDR)、2型糖尿病患者和健康人的视网膜神经纤维层(RNFL)在各象限均明显变薄。年龄、糖尿病病程与RNFL平均厚度显著相关。
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引用次数: 0
Marburg Virus Disease: An Emerging Public Health Challenge 马尔堡病毒病:新出现的公共卫生挑战
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31674/mjmr.2023.v07i01.003
P. Agnihotri, S. Bhattacharya
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引用次数: 1
A Paediatric Case of Severe Allergic Conjunctivits with Underlying Alopecia Areata 儿童严重过敏性结膜炎伴潜在斑秃1例
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31674/mjmr.2023.v07i01.004
Ahmad Aiman Bin Ahmad Azlan, N. Khaliddin
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引用次数: 0
The Influence of Basic Life Support Training on the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Non-Medical Personnel in Kartika Husada Clinic, Malang East Java, Indonesia 基础生命支持培训对印尼东爪哇玛琅Kartika Husada诊所非医务人员知识、态度和行为的影响
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31674/mjmr.2023.v07i02.001
Rahmania Ambarika, Elvianto Wihatno, N. Anggraini, Abdurahman Wahid, Kylie Sandy-Hodgetts
Cardiac arrest refers to the sudden and abrupt loss of heart function. There are many cardiac arrests and only a 14% survival rate due to delays in patient reporting and in giving Basic Life Support (BLS). The purpose of this study was to determine how basic life support (BLS) training affected the knowledge, attitudes, and BLS practices of lay officers at the Kartika Husada Clinic in Malang. The research design was one group pretest and post-test. The population was all non-medical officers at the Kartika Husada Malang Clinic, totaling 17 people. The sample was 17 respondents using a purposive sampling technique. The research was conducted on 16-17 February 2022 at the Kartika Husada Clinic, Malang. The variables of this study were the knowledge, attitudes and practices of non-medical staff at the Kartika Husada Malang Clinic after providing BLS training interventions. The statistical test used Wilcoxon and the results show that the knowledge with p-value of 0.02; attitude with p-value of 0.03; and practice p-value of 0.01. These three variables show the effect of BLS training on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of non-medical staff at Kartika Husada Malang Inpatient Clinic. This result was motivated by exposure to previous information, education level, and body mass index. After this research was conducted and provided training to non-medical staff, it could be applied if they find a heart attack case at the Kartika Husada Clinic.
心脏骤停是指心脏功能的突然和突然丧失。由于患者报告和给予基本生命支持(BLS)的延误,有许多心脏骤停,只有14%的存活率。本研究的目的是确定基本生命支持(BLS)培训如何影响玛琅Kartika Husada诊所非专业人员的知识、态度和BLS实践。研究设计为一组前测和后测。人口均为Kartika Husada Malang诊所的非医务人员,共计17人。样本为17名受访者,采用有目的的抽样技术。该研究于2022年2月16日至17日在玛琅的Kartika Husada诊所进行。本研究的变量为Kartika Husada Malang诊所非医务人员在进行BLS培训干预后的知识、态度和行为。采用Wilcoxon进行统计检验,结果表明,知识的p值为0.02;态度,p值为0.03;实践p值为0.01。这三个变量显示了劳工统计局培训对Kartika Husada Malang住院诊所非医务人员的知识、态度和行为的影响。这一结果的动机是暴露于先前的信息,教育水平和身体质量指数。在进行这项研究并向非医务人员提供培训之后,如果他们在Kartika Husada诊所发现心脏病发作病例,就可以应用这项研究。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Neuromuscular Exercises on Pain, Quadriceps Strength and Physical Function among Patients with Unilateral Knee Osteoarthritis. -a Single Group Reversal Design 神经肌肉运动对单侧膝骨关节炎患者疼痛、股四头肌力量和身体功能的影响。-单组反转设计
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.31674/mjmr.2023.v07i02.004
M. Abraham, Hariharasudan, Vignesh N, Kaleeswaran A, Sivaramakrishnan K, Sakthi Aiswarya M
Background: Osteoarthritis is a progressive disease of the synovial joint. The structural damage results in collapse of the cartilage and subchondral bone leading to symptoms of pain, stiffness and dysfunction. Physiotherapy interventions not only reduce the symptoms but also slows down the disease progression. Neuromuscular Exercise is typically performed in functional weight bearing position and emphasizes the quality of movement and physical function. The aim was to find out the Effect of Neuromuscular Exercises on Pain, Quadriceps strength and Physical function among patients with Osteoarthritis. Methods: 27 patients with OA were selected and underwent Neuromuscular Exercise along with Conventional Quadriceps strengthening exercises, primary outcomes of Quadriceps strength was measured using Handheld dynamometer and Physical function was measured using WOMAC Scale. Results: The statistical analysis was made using ANOVA method, the patients who received Neuromuscular Exercises showed decrease in pain, improvement in Quadriceps strength and Physical Function. The Data analysis was done using ANOVA, and SPSS software v 22.0. The Statistical Analysis showed a significant improvement in Pain after the Neuromuscular Exercises. Pain and Physical function (WOMAC: p<0.05; p = 0.01) and Quadriceps strength (Dynamometer: p<0.05; p = 0.03). Conclusion: The study concluded that Neuromuscular exercises along with conventional therapy was effective in reducing Pain and improving Quadriceps strength and Physical function among patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.
背景:骨关节炎是一种滑膜关节进行性疾病。结构损伤导致软骨和软骨下骨塌陷,导致疼痛、僵硬和功能障碍的症状。物理治疗干预不仅可以减轻症状,而且可以减缓疾病的进展。神经肌肉运动通常在功能性负重体位进行,强调运动质量和身体功能。目的是找出神经肌肉运动对骨关节炎患者疼痛、股四头肌力量和身体功能的影响。方法:选取27例OA患者,在常规股四头肌强化训练的同时进行神经肌肉锻炼,采用手持式测力仪测量股四头肌力量的主要指标,采用WOMAC量表测量身体机能。结果:采用方差分析方法进行统计分析,接受神经肌肉运动的患者疼痛减轻,股四头肌力量和身体功能得到改善。数据分析采用方差分析,SPSS软件v 22.0。统计分析显示,神经肌肉运动后疼痛有显著改善。疼痛与生理功能(WOMAC: p<0.05;p = 0.01)和股四头肌力量(Dynamometer: p<0.05;P = 0.03)。结论:在常规治疗的基础上进行神经肌肉锻炼,可有效减轻膝骨性关节炎患者的疼痛,改善股四头肌力量和身体功能。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Health Financing on Healthcare Quality and Affordability in Malaysia: A Conceptual Review 保健融资对马来西亚保健质量和可负担性的影响:概念审查
Pub Date : 2022-06-21 DOI: 10.18034/mjmbr.v9i1.638
Daan-Max van Dongen
In comparison to the majority of essential health indices, the health care system in Malaysia has performed exceptionally well. Despite this, it is still behind the techniques used in many other Asian countries, despite its great potential. The primary reason for this is that patients in Malaysia are subjected to a significant amount of financial risk while seeking medical treatment. The implications of health care finance in Malaysia are investigated in this study, with a particular focus on access and equality issues. This exemplifies the urgent requirement for novel ways to the financing of medical care that are compliant with the norms that have been established. According to the findings of this study, it is recommended that efforts should be increased by employing policy changes to include money pooling and risk sharing, subsidization for the poor and the vulnerable, and mandatory enrollment. In addition, it is recommended that the efforts be increased by employing policy changes to include money pooling and risk sharing. Finally, the implication for public policy indicates that the government ought to commit to the tremendously feasible improvement of the nation's healthcare system through spending.
与大多数基本健康指数相比,马来西亚的卫生保健系统表现得非常好。尽管如此,它仍然落后于许多其他亚洲国家使用的技术,尽管它有很大的潜力。造成这种情况的主要原因是,马来西亚的患者在寻求医疗时面临很大的财务风险。本研究调查了马来西亚卫生保健融资的影响,特别侧重于获取和平等问题。这表明迫切需要采用符合已确立的规范的新方式为医疗保健提供资金。根据本研究的结果,建议通过改变政策来加大力度,包括资金集中和风险分担、对贫困和弱势群体的补贴以及强制入学。此外,建议通过改变政策,包括资金集中和风险分担,来加大努力。最后,这对公共政策的影响表明,政府应该致力于通过支出极大可行地改善国家医疗体系。
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引用次数: 0
Developmental Therapy – A Generic Professional Expertise within Child Development Centers in Bangladesh 发展治疗——孟加拉国儿童发展中心的通用专业知识
Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.18034/mjmbr.v9i1.633
N. Sultana, A. B. Shilpi, D. Begum, N. Khan
The Developmental Therapist (DT) is a unique professional training in occupational therapy, physiotherapy, and speech and language therapy. There is unmet demand for developmental therapists in Bangladesh to manage the increasing number of childhood disabilities. However, no academic institute provides training for Developmental therapists in Bangladesh. This paper explains a three-month structured training program for the exercise of the developmental therapist. After completing this training, the DTs gained some essential skills which help them to assess the functional development of children with neurodevelopmental disabilities, identify their problems and provide appropriate management.
发展治疗师(DT)是在职业治疗、物理治疗和言语和语言治疗方面的独特专业培训。孟加拉国对发展治疗师的需求没有得到满足,因为他们需要管理越来越多的儿童残疾。然而,孟加拉国没有任何学术机构为发展治疗师提供培训。本文介绍了一个为期三个月的发展治疗师的结构化培训计划。完成培训后,精神科医生掌握了一些基本技能,帮助他们评估神经发育障碍儿童的功能发展,识别他们的问题,并提供适当的管理。
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引用次数: 0
Homeopathy in Epididymal Cyst Management: A Case Report 顺势疗法治疗附睾囊肿1例报告
Pub Date : 2022-06-20 DOI: 10.18034/mjmbr.v9i1.637
Nazmul Hasan, M. Matin
An epididymal cyst is a scrotal complaint that is usually resolved by surgery. However, multiple post-surgical complications are common, including recurrence, hematoma, abscess, and chronic scrotal swelling. This case study presents homeopathic medicine managing a fairly large-sized epididymal cyst which might encourage physicians to re-think surgical options. A 24 years male presented with pain in the lower pelvic region and swelling in the scrotum; an ultra-sonogram of the scrotum diagnosed a 2.8 cm × 1.9 cm sized epididymal cyst, and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) confirmed that it was a spermatocele. He was prescribed homeopathic medicine, i.e., Arnica montana, Calcarea fluorica, and Calcarea phosphorica, for his spermatocele. After seven weeks of homeopathic treatment, the cyst size was reduced to 4.8mm×2.2mm. This case study concludes that homeopathic medication resulted in a significant outcome. It also encourages the consideration of homeopathic remedies as an alternative to surgery in treating epididymal cysts.
附睾囊肿是一种阴囊疾病,通常通过手术解决。然而,多种术后并发症是常见的,包括复发、血肿、脓肿和慢性阴囊肿胀。本案例研究提出了顺势疗法药物治疗相当大的附睾囊肿,这可能会鼓励医生重新考虑手术选择。一个24岁的男性表现为疼痛在下盆腔区域和肿胀在阴囊;阴囊超声像图诊断为一个2.8 cm × 1.9 cm大小的附睾囊肿,细针穿刺细胞学(FNAC)证实为精索囊肿。医生给他开了顺势疗法药物,即蒙大拿山金车、氟钙和磷钙,治疗他的精索。顺势疗法治疗七周后,囊肿大小缩小到4.8mm×2.2mm。本案例研究的结论是,顺势疗法药物产生了显著的结果。它也鼓励考虑顺势疗法作为手术治疗附睾囊肿的替代方法。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical Study To Assess The Efficacy of A Novel Hair Loss Treatment 一种新的脱发治疗方法的临床研究
Pub Date : 2022-01-31 DOI: 10.18034/mjmbr.v9i1.612
Jamie Thomas Parker
Background: Hair loss affects men and women around the world. Objective: This study analyzed the efficacy of a hair formula named Lotus 39 by Valentino De Salva (Lotus 39) on hair loss.  Methods: Men and women between ages 42 and 72 applied Lotus 39 to their scalp every day for 8 weeks. For ethical reasons, a nonrandomized controlled study protocol was selected Results: According to the data, Lotus 39 stops hair loss, causes an increase in vellus hair, and an increase total hair count.  Limitations:  No control was assigned due to funding, baseline pictures were taken at the onset of the study, during, and at the end of the study to draw a depiction of hair improvement over time. Conclusion:   This study suggests that Lotus 39 improves the health of the scalp and hair.   IRB Approval Status: Reviewed and approved by IntegReview IRB; approval #CRLNJ2019-0198
背景:脱发影响着全世界的男性和女性。目的:本研究分析Valentino De Salva命名为Lotus 39的护发配方(Lotus 39)对脱发的疗效。方法:年龄42 ~ 72岁的男性和女性每天将莲花39涂抹在头皮上,持续8周。出于伦理原因,我们选择了一项非随机对照研究方案。结果:根据数据,Lotus 39可以阻止脱发,导致毳毛增加,并增加毛发总数。限制:由于资金原因,没有分配对照,在研究开始时,研究期间和研究结束时拍摄基线照片,以描绘随时间推移的头发改善情况。结论:本研究提示荷花39能改善头皮和头发的健康。IRB审批情况:由IntegReview IRB审核通过;批准# crlnj2019 - 0198
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Malaysian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
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