Mechanical properties of aluminum alloys and their corrosion resistance are strongly influenced by the content of non-metallic inclusions and hydrogen dissolved in the melt, therefore, the improvement of technologies for refining aluminum alloys is important. The use of electromagnetic factors for this purpose has not yet been studied enough, but theoretical studies and experiments carried out show that this direction is promising. The paper presents the results of testing a new technology in which electromagnetic factors are used to enhance the efficiency of aluminum alloy refining from non-metallic inclusions and hydrogen. A melt flow was initiated through a ceramic foam filter by an electromagnetic pump, through which an electric current with a frequency of 50 Hz passes. At the same time, argon was introduced perpendicular to the flow direction at the crucible bottom. After refining, a modifier was introduced into the liquid metal bath and electromagnetic stirring was started. Metallographic studies of the sample cast from the refined metal have shown a significant quality increase. Cast mechanical properties increased accordingly. Tables 1, Figs 1, Refs 10.
{"title":"Increasing the efficiency of refining and modification of aluminum alloys when using electromagnetic factors","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.16","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanical properties of aluminum alloys and their corrosion resistance are strongly influenced by the content of non-metallic inclusions and hydrogen dissolved in the melt, therefore, the improvement of technologies for refining aluminum alloys is important. The use of electromagnetic factors for this purpose has not yet been studied enough, but theoretical studies and experiments carried out show that this direction is promising. The paper presents the results of testing a new technology in which electromagnetic factors are used to enhance the efficiency of aluminum alloy refining from non-metallic inclusions and hydrogen. A melt flow was initiated through a ceramic foam filter by an electromagnetic pump, through which an electric current with a frequency of 50 Hz passes. At the same time, argon was introduced perpendicular to the flow direction at the crucible bottom. After refining, a modifier was introduced into the liquid metal bath and electromagnetic stirring was started. Metallographic studies of the sample cast from the refined metal have shown a significant quality increase. Cast mechanical properties increased accordingly. Tables 1, Figs 1, Refs 10.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46939385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study focuses on the response of a near-wall turbulent flow subjected to a spatially localized body force. Characteristics of a turbulent channel flow under a Lorentz force distribution are analysed through Direct Numerical Simulation at a low turbulent Reynolds number (4200) and a low magnetic Reynolds number. It is found that streamwise or spanwise magnetic fields alter only slightly the wall layer when the magnetic fields are constrained within the buffer layer. Yet, the turbulent wall layer is greatly affected once the edge of the localized Lorentz force reaches the logarithmic layer. Furthermore, the spanwise magnetic field results in flow relaminarization at much lower magnetic severity parameters than the streamwise magnetic field. We further show that this is basically coming from the specific MHD terms appearing in the shear-stress transport equations. Tables 1, Figs 6, Refs 5.
{"title":"Effect of a localized MHD body force on near-wall turbulence","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.13","url":null,"abstract":"The present study focuses on the response of a near-wall turbulent flow subjected to a spatially localized body force. Characteristics of a turbulent channel flow under a Lorentz force distribution are analysed through Direct Numerical Simulation at a low turbulent Reynolds number (4200) and a low magnetic Reynolds number. It is found that streamwise or spanwise magnetic fields alter only slightly the wall layer when the magnetic fields are constrained within the buffer layer. Yet, the turbulent wall layer is greatly affected once the edge of the localized Lorentz force reaches the logarithmic layer. Furthermore, the spanwise magnetic field results in flow relaminarization at much lower magnetic severity parameters than the streamwise magnetic field. We further show that this is basically coming from the specific MHD terms appearing in the shear-stress transport equations. Tables 1, Figs 6, Refs 5.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47418485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Contactless inductive flow tomography (CIFT) can reconstruct the complex 3-dimensional flow structure of the large-scale circulation in liquid metal filled Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection cells. The method relies on the precise measurement of weak magnetic fields induced by currents in the conducting liquid arising from the fluid motion in combination with primary excitation fields. The velocity distribution is reconstructed from the magnetic field measurements by solving a linear inverse problem using the Tikhonov regularization and L-curve method. A number of technical challenges have to be overcome to reach the desired accuracy of the measurement signals. In this paper we will describe our design of a new CIFT set-up for a large RB vessel with a diameter of 320 mm and a height of 640 mm. We outline the major factors perturbing the measurement signal of several tens of nanoteslas and describe solutions to decrease mechanical drifts by thermal expansion to a sub-critical level to enable CIFT measurements for high-Rayleigh number flows. Figs 5, Refs 16.
非接触式感应流动层析成像技术(CIFT)可以重建液态金属填充的rayleigh - b (RB)对流单元内复杂的大尺度循环三维流动结构。该方法依赖于精确测量由流体运动引起的导电液体中电流感应的弱磁场，并结合一次励磁场。利用Tikhonov正则化和l曲线法求解线性逆问题，重建了磁场测量的速度分布。为了达到所需的测量信号精度，必须克服许多技术挑战。在本文中，我们将描述我们为直径为320毫米，高度为640毫米的大型RB容器设计的新型CIFT装置。我们概述了干扰几十纳特斯拉测量信号的主要因素，并描述了通过热膨胀到亚临界水平来减少机械漂移的解决方案，以实现高瑞利数流的CIFT测量。图5，参考文献16。
{"title":"Challenges in contactless inductive flow tomography for Rayleigh--Bénard convection cells","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Contactless inductive flow tomography (CIFT) can reconstruct the complex 3-dimensional flow structure of the large-scale circulation in liquid metal filled Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection cells. The method relies on the precise measurement of weak magnetic fields induced by currents in the conducting liquid arising from the fluid motion in combination with primary excitation fields. The velocity distribution is reconstructed from the magnetic field measurements by solving a linear inverse problem using the Tikhonov regularization and L-curve method. A number of technical challenges have to be overcome to reach the desired accuracy of the measurement signals. In this paper we will describe our design of a new CIFT set-up for a large RB vessel with a diameter of 320 mm and a height of 640 mm. We outline the major factors perturbing the measurement signal of several tens of nanoteslas and describe solutions to decrease mechanical drifts by thermal expansion to a sub-critical level to enable CIFT measurements for high-Rayleigh number flows. Figs 5, Refs 16.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45013548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Motivated by the development of liquid metal batteries, the electrovortex flow of a liquid metal confined in a cuboid vessel is numerically studied. The electric scalar and magnetic vector potential formulations are implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics software for the solution of the magnetohydrodynamic equations. In particular, a liquid metal is driven by a Lorentz force produced by the interaction of an axial electric current and the magnetic field generated by either one or a pair of magnets. Velocity profiles were compared with experimental measurements reported in the literature and a good comparison was observed. The induced electric currents are calculated using both Ohm's and Ampere's laws. The induced electric current distribution due to the liquid metal flow is analysed for the interaction parameter in the range of experimental conditions. Figs 5, Refs 17.
{"title":"Numerical study of the induced electric current of electrovortex flow in a cuboid vessel: electric scalar and magnetic vector potential formulations","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.12","url":null,"abstract":"Motivated by the development of liquid metal batteries, the electrovortex flow of a liquid metal confined in a cuboid vessel is numerically studied. The electric scalar and magnetic vector potential formulations are implemented in the COMSOL Multiphysics software for the solution of the magnetohydrodynamic equations. In particular, a liquid metal is driven by a Lorentz force produced by the interaction of an axial electric current and the magnetic field generated by either one or a pair of magnets. Velocity profiles were compared with experimental measurements reported in the literature and a good comparison was observed. The induced electric currents are calculated using both Ohm's and Ampere's laws. The induced electric current distribution due to the liquid metal flow is analysed for the interaction parameter in the range of experimental conditions. Figs 5, Refs 17.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48526749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fluid flow plays a significantly important role in the continuous casting process which has a great influence on the steel quality. Electromagnetic stirring (EMS) has become a fairly established technology to control the flow behaviour within the mould. However, there still exist two important questions need to be answered, that is, what kind of flow pattern is the best one to achieve the high steel quality under EMS, and how to determine the optimal EMS parameters. Therefore, in order to clarify these questions, a methodology based on numerical simulation in an actual slab continuous casting mould has been developed to select an optimal EMS current, and three evaluation criteria are proposed in this paper, including: (1) a free surface rational criterion, (2) a uniformity criterion of the flow velocity distribution, (3) an inclusion removal criterion. By synthetically considering these evaluation criteria, the optimal EMS current is determined under different operating parameters. Meanwhile, this methodology can also be applied to optimize other operating conditions of continuous casting. Tables 1, Figs 8, Refs 13.
{"title":"How to electromagnetically stir in the slab continuous casting mould","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.9","url":null,"abstract":"Fluid flow plays a significantly important role in the continuous casting process which has a great influence on the steel quality. Electromagnetic stirring (EMS) has become a fairly established technology to control the flow behaviour within the mould. However, there still exist two important questions need to be answered, that is, what kind of flow pattern is the best one to achieve the high steel quality under EMS, and how to determine the optimal EMS parameters. Therefore, in order to clarify these questions, a methodology based on numerical simulation in an actual slab continuous casting mould has been developed to select an optimal EMS current, and three evaluation criteria are proposed in this paper, including: (1) a free surface rational criterion, (2) a uniformity criterion of the flow velocity distribution, (3) an inclusion removal criterion. By synthetically considering these evaluation criteria, the optimal EMS current is determined under different operating parameters. Meanwhile, this methodology can also be applied to optimize other operating conditions of continuous casting. Tables 1, Figs 8, Refs 13.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41524940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Continuous wetting of a surface with liquid metal is indispensable in many applications, such as in fusion reactors. In the present study, we provide data on the suppression of free-surface instabilities of liquid metal film flows under the action of strong streamwise magnetic fields in analogy to the poloidal fields used in application. We have designed and built up an experimental test setup which allows studying the influence of magnetohydrodynamics on the dynamic behaviour of liquid metal GaInSn film flows in laminar, transient, and turbulent regimes. While the width and the length of the film are adjusted at w = 23 mm and l = 120 mm, respectively, we are able to apply strong uniform magnetic fields up to B = 5 T over the entire fluid-flow volume. Moreover, the setup allows to vary the Reynolds number within the range 200 ≤ Re ≤ 1700. The corresponding Hartmann and Stuart numbers are Ha ≤ 180 and N ≤ 40, respectively. This study shows that a streamwise magnetic field is capable of suppressing free-surface instabilities even in the turbulent regime of the film flow by dampening any motion perpendicular to the applied magnetic field. Plans for future studies include the quantitative investigation of the parameter space. Figs 4, Refs 8.
{"title":"Experimental study of a liquid metal film flow in a streamwise magnetic field","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"Continuous wetting of a surface with liquid metal is indispensable in many applications, such as in fusion reactors. In the present study, we provide data on the suppression of free-surface instabilities of liquid metal film flows under the action of strong streamwise magnetic fields in analogy to the poloidal fields used in application. We have designed and built up an experimental test setup which allows studying the influence of magnetohydrodynamics on the dynamic behaviour of liquid metal GaInSn film flows in laminar, transient, and turbulent regimes. While the width and the length of the film are adjusted at w = 23 mm and l = 120 mm, respectively, we are able to apply strong uniform magnetic fields up to B = 5 T over the entire fluid-flow volume. Moreover, the setup allows to vary the Reynolds number within the range 200 ≤ Re ≤ 1700. The corresponding Hartmann and Stuart numbers are Ha ≤ 180 and N ≤ 40, respectively. This study shows that a streamwise magnetic field is capable of suppressing free-surface instabilities even in the turbulent regime of the film flow by dampening any motion perpendicular to the applied magnetic field. Plans for future studies include the quantitative investigation of the parameter space. Figs 4, Refs 8.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43967767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electromagnetic levitation is a unique environment allowing for making non-contact measurements over samples of liquid metals at different temperatures. The electromagnetic coil is the core of the electromagnetic levitation system, and its design defines the amount of energy introduced into the sample as well as the shape and stability of the latter during levitation. In the present work, analytical and numerical modelling for a real electromagnetic inductor is performed and compared with experimental observations. The shape of the experimental electromagnetic coil is assured due to 3D printing of a template which is used for the coil winding. Tables 3, Figs 5, Refs 14.
{"title":"Design of a coil for electromagnetic levitation: comparison of numerical models and coil realization","authors":"R. Pons, A. Gagnoud, D. Chaussende, O. Budenkova","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic levitation is a unique environment allowing for making non-contact measurements over samples of liquid metals at different temperatures. The electromagnetic coil is the core of the electromagnetic levitation system, and its design defines the amount of energy introduced into the sample as well as the shape and stability of the latter during levitation. In the present work, analytical and numerical modelling for a real electromagnetic inductor is performed and compared with experimental observations. The shape of the experimental electromagnetic coil is assured due to 3D printing of a template which is used for the coil winding. Tables 3, Figs 5, Refs 14.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43200080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the solid-liquid chemical reaction, the mass transfer near the solid-liquid interface is often the rate determining step, such as in an electroplating process and in a high temperature process. To enhance the chemical reaction, traditional methods reduce the concentration boundary layer thickness formed near the solid-liquid interface by exciting a macro-scale flow in the bulk region. However, traditional methods have limitation in reducing the concentration boundary layer, because the concentration boundary layer exists in the velocity boundary layer. This means that the excitation of flow in the concentration boundary layer is important. Based on this concept, direct imposition of a force near the solid-liquid interface by superimposing the magnetic field and current has been proposed. By this means, the flow can be directly excited in the concentration boundary layer. In the past research, a Cu anodic electrode was dissolved in a Cu2+ aqueous solution, and the increase of the Cu2+ concentration decreased under the imposition of a time-varying force compared to that without the time-varying force imposition just above the centre of the anode. In this experiment, the uniformity of the solute concentration distribution under the time-varying force imposition with a different anode to cathode surface area ratio was investigated. As a result, the uniformity of the Cu2+ concentration distribution increased, and the average Cu2+ concentration in the vicinity of the anode surface decreased by increasing the anode to cathode surface area ratio. Tables 2, Figs 3, Refs 13.
{"title":"Effect of the anode to cathode surface area ratio on the concentration distribution near the solid-liquid interface","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.11","url":null,"abstract":"For the solid-liquid chemical reaction, the mass transfer near the solid-liquid interface is often the rate determining step, such as in an electroplating process and in a high temperature process. To enhance the chemical reaction, traditional methods reduce the concentration boundary layer thickness formed near the solid-liquid interface by exciting a macro-scale flow in the bulk region. However, traditional methods have limitation in reducing the concentration boundary layer, because the concentration boundary layer exists in the velocity boundary layer. This means that the excitation of flow in the concentration boundary layer is important. Based on this concept, direct imposition of a force near the solid-liquid interface by superimposing the magnetic field and current has been proposed. By this means, the flow can be directly excited in the concentration boundary layer. In the past research, a Cu anodic electrode was dissolved in a Cu2+ aqueous solution, and the increase of the Cu2+ concentration decreased under the imposition of a time-varying force compared to that without the time-varying force imposition just above the centre of the anode. In this experiment, the uniformity of the solute concentration distribution under the time-varying force imposition with a different anode to cathode surface area ratio was investigated. As a result, the uniformity of the Cu2+ concentration distribution increased, and the average Cu2+ concentration in the vicinity of the anode surface decreased by increasing the anode to cathode surface area ratio. Tables 2, Figs 3, Refs 13.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68307699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The objective of the present study is to develop a numerical model of the centrifugal electromagnetic induction pump to predict the developed pressure in the case of zero flowrate. This is done using the COMSOL Multiphysics software in a 2D space with a time harmonic approach. A good agreement with previously reported experimental results was obtained. Based on the developed model, a study of the linear electromagnetic induction pump is also carried out and the obtained results are compared with those for the centrifugal electromagnetic induction pump. It is shown that with a low interaction parameter, the centrifugal pump can develop a significantly higher pressure than the linear pump. Figs 12, Refs 5.
{"title":"Numerical study of a centrifugal electromagnetic induction pump with zero flowrate","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.18","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present study is to develop a numerical model of the centrifugal electromagnetic induction pump to predict the developed pressure in the case of zero flowrate. This is done using the COMSOL Multiphysics software in a 2D space with a time harmonic approach. A good agreement with previously reported experimental results was obtained. Based on the developed model, a study of the linear electromagnetic induction pump is also carried out and the obtained results are compared with those for the centrifugal electromagnetic induction pump. It is shown that with a low interaction parameter, the centrifugal pump can develop a significantly higher pressure than the linear pump. Figs 12, Refs 5.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47125545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article describes a numerical model of solidification of the SnPb alloy with electromagnetic stirring. The model is based on two open access computational codes. Comparison of the results of the calculation of directional horizontal solidification with natural and electromagnetically forced convection forces is presented. It is shown that the electromagnetic driven flow can affect the final segregation map only at the first stage of the solidification process. Tables 1, Figs 8, Refs 30.
{"title":"Simulation of binary alloy columnar solidification in the presence of EM forced convection","authors":"","doi":"10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22364/mhd.58.1-2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes a numerical model of solidification of the SnPb alloy with electromagnetic stirring. The model is based on two open access computational codes. Comparison of the results of the calculation of directional horizontal solidification with natural and electromagnetically forced convection forces is presented. It is shown that the electromagnetic driven flow can affect the final segregation map only at the first stage of the solidification process. Tables 1, Figs 8, Refs 30.","PeriodicalId":18136,"journal":{"name":"Magnetohydrodynamics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48759054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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