Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.3-2.4
Farah Khalil Ibrahim
REFLECTIONS OF THE PRINCE AND AL-FISHI IN THE LETTERS ON IBN HISHAM IN THEIR FOOTNOTES ON EXPLAINING THE ROOTS OF GOLD
王子和al-fishi在伊本·希沙姆的信件中对解释黄金根源的脚注的反思
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Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.3-2.1
M. Abdullah, Mustafa Rahim Farhan
In terms of its idea، the research is based on highlighting the importance of the grammatical work، or the idea of the grammatical factor، and shows the extent to which factor theory is related to the reality of grammatical language; Because the grammatical work is the orbit on which the structure of the vocabulary is based and made into useful sentences in the Arabic language، the sentence is built on the basis of the connection of two things or more، namely the predicate and the predicate، and this is equally between the two types of the sentence، whether it is nominal or de facto، because this connection occurs because of the existence of work between them; Because the subject of the predicate is the subject، i.e. the syntactic effect - which is the action - is caused by the subject، as well as in the actual sentence; The affixer of the subject is the verb، and this connection in the action، in turn، extends to the meaning; From the point of view of the meaning، it is not correct to omit one of the parties to the action; There is no predicate without the subject، and there is no subject without the verb، and the opposite is also true. The research touched on many views through which it shows the importance of the factor theory، and how grammar، since its inception، was originally based on the idea of work. Like Dr. Fadel Al-Samarrai، may God protect him.The research came to put a position in opposition to the voices that called for the denial and abolition of the factor theory، which was in its first appearance at the hands of Ibn Mada (d. 592 AH)، and other modernists who believed that the renewal of grammar is by canceling the factor theory and eliminating the causes; Because it is one of the things that brought Arabic grammar into a stalemate phase. Our research takes a different view of denying the idea of work. Rather، it stresses the importance of its existence and the impossibility of dispensing with it in the grammar lesson; Simply because it is one of the pillars of Arabic grammar. As for the scientific material on which the research is based، it is the book (Al-Masas’ al-Osatiya) by Abu Ali al-Farsi (d. 377 AH); Because in this book there are many grammatical issues through which the Persian interest in the idea of the grammatical factor appears; Therefore، it is correct that these issues that Al-Farsi put in place are a clear model for the research vision.
就其理念而言，研究立足于强调语法工作的重要性，或语法因素的理念，并表明因素理论与语法语言现实的联系程度;因为在阿拉伯语中，语法工作是词汇结构的基础和构成有用句子的轨道，句子是建立在两个或两个以上事物的联系的基础上的，即谓语和谓语，这在两种类型的句子之间是平等的，无论是名义上的还是事实上的，因为这种联系是由于它们之间存在工作而发生的;因为谓语的主语是主语，即句法效果——即动作——是由主语和实际句子引起的;主语的词缀是动词，而动作中的这种联系反过来又延伸到意义;从意义上看，省略行为的一方是不正确的;没有主语就没有谓语，没有动词就没有主语，反之亦然。该研究触及了许多观点，通过这些观点，它显示了因素理论的重要性，以及语法自成立以来最初是如何基于工作的概念的。就像Fadel al - samarraii博士一样，愿上帝保佑他。这一研究与主张否定和废除因素论的声音(最早出现在伊本·马达(公元592年)手中)和其他现代主义者的观点相反，他们认为语法的更新是通过取消因素论和消除原因来实现的;因为这是导致阿拉伯语语法陷入僵局的原因之一。我们的研究从不同的角度来否定工作的概念。相反，它强调了它的存在的重要性，以及在语法课上不可能去掉它;因为它是阿拉伯语语法的支柱之一。至于这项研究所依据的科学材料，是Abu Ali al-Farsi(公元377年)所著的《Al-Masas ' al-Osatiya》;因为在这本书中有许多语法问题波斯人对语法因素的兴趣通过这些问题表现出来;因此，Al-Farsi提出的这些问题是研究愿景的明确模型，这是正确的。
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Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.3-2.2
Ahmed Ali Niimaa Al- ZUBEIDY, Haider Ali Niimaa Al- ZUBEIDY
The research dealt with the most essential linguistic and expressive issues that contributed to this great Qur’an being summarized in its apparent phrases, abundant in its latent connotations, deep in its aims and objectives, and as a result it led to this amount of moral accumulation in its short glorious texts; Exemplified by the manifestations of miraculous expansion that no human being can encircle, no matter what he takes from the point of view and knowledge. Starting from (interlingual homophones Homonyms), passing through the phenomena (Qur’anic recitations), and ending with the phenomenon (metaphor); And that is through rapid tourism between the artifacts of those phenomena, and getting acquainted with their jurisprudence and the field of function , and the secrets contained under each of them, and the benefits and merits they added to the Holy text.
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Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.3-2.5
A. Mohammed, A. Ali
Disagreement occurred between the Basri and Kufi doctrines, in many branches, and each of them went to support his doctrine according to the method that he followed with textual and rational evidence, and the difference increased and raged between them for a long time, and the early scholars alerted to this grammatical dispute, and the first to write about it was a fox ( D. 291 AH) wrote his book (The Difference of Grammarians), then after that synonymous and successive writings, and from here, my research was called (The Grammatical Principles of Al-Aari in his book, Moniyat Al-Ragheb and for the sake of the student), and it included three sections. The first: the controversial issues that he preferred, while the second topic included the controversial issues that the author left without weighting, and the third topic was the issues that were called the agreement between scholars and they are originally in dispute: It contains a number of Arabic sources, the most important of which are: Sibawayh’s Kitab, Al Muqtada, Al Osoul in Grammar, Sharh Al Mufassal, Rashrif Al-Baqarah, and other sources.
之间的分歧发生Basri Kufi)学说,在许多分支,和他们每个人去支持他的理论根据他的方法与文本和理性的证据,以及它们之间的差异增加,持续了很长时间,和早期的学者注意到了这个语法纠纷,和第一个写一只狐狸(d . 291啊)写他的书(语法学家的差异),之后的和连续的著作,从这里,我的研究被称为(al - ari的语法原则在他的书中，monyat Al-Ragheb和为了学生的利益)，它包括三个部分。第一个主题:他喜欢的有争议的问题，而第二个主题包括作者没有加权的有争议的问题，第三个主题是学者之间的协议问题，他们最初有争议:它包含了一些阿拉伯语来源，其中最重要的是:Sibawayh的Kitab, Al Muqtada, Al Osoul in Grammar, Sharh Al Mufassal, Rashrif Al- baqarah，和其他来源。
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Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.3-2.3
Youssef Khalaf Mahal, Hamid Abdullah Saleh
Disagreement occurred between the Basri and Kufi doctrines, in many branches, and each of them went to support his doctrine according to the method that he followed with textual and rational evidence, and the difference increased and raged between them for a long time, and the early scholars alerted to this grammatical dispute, and the first to write about it was a fox ( D. 291 AH) wrote his book (The Difference of Grammarians), then after that synonymous and successive books, hence my research was called (the morphological dispute at Al-Tauskari in his book Bada’a Al-Muktafi fi explaining the adequacy of Al-Mubtadi), and it included three sections that were previously translated by the author, and a foreword to the grammatical dispute, and dealt with In the first topic: the controversial issues that he preferred, while the second topic included the controversial issues that the author left without weighting, and the third topic is the issues that were called the agreement between scholars and they are originally in dispute: This research is on a number of Arabic sources, the most important of which are: Sibawayh’s book, al-Muqtadat, Usul fi Grammar, Explanation of the Mufassal, Rashish for beating, and other sources.
之间的分歧发生Basri Kufi)学说,在许多分支,和他们每个人去支持他的理论根据他的方法与文本和理性的证据,以及它们之间的差异增加,持续了很长时间,和早期的学者注意到了这个语法纠纷,和第一个写一只狐狸(d . 291啊)写他的书(语法学家的差异),之后的和连续的书籍,因此，我的研究被称为(在他的书Bada 'a Al-Muktafi fi解释Al-Mubtadi的充分性中的Al-Tauskari的词法争议)，它包括作者先前翻译的三个部分，以及语法争议的前言，并在第一个主题中处理:第二个主题包括作者没有加权的有争议的问题，而第三个主题是被称为学者之间的协议的问题，他们最初存在争议:本研究涉及许多阿拉伯语来源，其中最重要的是:Sibawayh的书，al-Muqtadat, Usul fi语法，Mufassal的解释，殴打的Rashish和其他来源。
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Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.3
Djamila Ghrieb
THE ARABIC SYLLABLE BETWEEN ANCIENT AND MODERN
阿拉伯语中介于古代和现代之间的音节
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Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.4
Iman Abdul Sattar Atallah AL-KUBAISI
The problem of tagged research (reincarnation and reincarnation) boils down to the representative performance of monodrama Ask (how present is the reincarnation and presentation style in the monodrama show?) while the importance of the research was reflected in the highlighting (the specificity of the performance of the actor in the monodramatic play as an ancient art, and what the performance of the actor in monodrama and his style between presentation and reincarnation. The current research aims to reveal the style of reincarnation and presentation in the representative performance of monodrama, and determines the research with monodrama presentations presented in Baghdad for the period (2015-2018) and the terms of research (Reincarnation, Monodrama) were identified, while the second chapter focused on two topics, the first of which was what monodrama is and its roots, while the second focused on the technique of performance in monodrama. The Researcher took the descriptive approach as a way to conduct her research after she got the research community consisting of (5) monodramatic performances through which the sample was randomly elected through the draw by the reality of a theatrical work (EAA Harema) and after analyzing the theatrical performance the results of the research appeared from the most prominent (the use of the two methods of performance, reincarnation in the character of the man or reincarnation in the simulation of other characters. The use of kinetic and vocal skill in presenting the character (officer) and others, reaching a sensory embodiment of the character of war is invisible, and making it felt by Receiver) The researcher concluded what comes (the actor who deals with the work of Monodrami must master the tragic and comedic performance and blend them.The researcher recommended the need to prepare special workshops to write, direct and represent monodrama.
{"title":"REINCARNATION AND NON-REINCARNATION IN THE ACTING PERFORMANCE OF MONODRAMA","authors":"Iman Abdul Sattar Atallah AL-KUBAISI","doi":"10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of tagged research (reincarnation and reincarnation) boils down to the representative performance of monodrama Ask (how present is the reincarnation and presentation style in the monodrama show?) while the importance of the research was reflected in the highlighting (the specificity of the performance of the actor in the monodramatic play as an ancient art, and what the performance of the actor in monodrama and his style between presentation and reincarnation. The current research aims to reveal the style of reincarnation and presentation in the representative performance of monodrama, and determines the research with monodrama presentations presented in Baghdad for the period (2015-2018) and the terms of research (Reincarnation, Monodrama) were identified, while the second chapter focused on two topics, the first of which was what monodrama is and its roots, while the second focused on the technique of performance in monodrama. The Researcher took the descriptive approach as a way to conduct her research after she got the research community consisting of (5) monodramatic performances through which the sample was randomly elected through the draw by the reality of a theatrical work (EAA Harema) and after analyzing the theatrical performance the results of the research appeared from the most prominent (the use of the two methods of performance, reincarnation in the character of the man or reincarnation in the simulation of other characters. The use of kinetic and vocal skill in presenting the character (officer) and others, reaching a sensory embodiment of the character of war is invisible, and making it felt by Receiver) The researcher concluded what comes (the actor who deals with the work of Monodrami must master the tragic and comedic performance and blend them.The researcher recommended the need to prepare special workshops to write, direct and represent monodrama.","PeriodicalId":181603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Education And Language Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130507428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.2
K. Ahmed
Success in language teaching and learning is a multidisciplinary process in which language testing is an important pillar of success beside the other surrounding factors which range from the teaching learning context to the learners and teachers’ personal and educational factors. The aim of the present study is to identify to what extent there is a harmony between the teaching learning context on one hand and the theories and techniques of language testing on the other, and whether there is a matching between these theories of language testing and the practicality of these theories. We believe that there is a great mismatch between theories and practice of language testing as a result of the practices and the necessary expertise and knowledge needed in testing. This situation affects, to a great extent, the experience of language teaching learning process. This paper is a qualitative historical survey on language teaching learning context and theories of testing and language testing in particular. To process the study some related studies and literature will be explored, and some instances of language testing will be used to support this theoretical framework and to confirm our hypothesis that there is a gap between what is taught and what is examined. The study will include its importance, the methodological procedures that will be followed to attain the findings, recommendations and suggestions for future studies to let discussion in this area furthered in the future.
{"title":"THEORY AND PRACTICE IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE TESTING","authors":"K. Ahmed","doi":"10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Success in language teaching and learning is a multidisciplinary process in which language testing is an important pillar of success beside the other surrounding factors which range from the teaching learning context to the learners and teachers’ personal and educational factors. The aim of the present study is to identify to what extent there is a harmony between the teaching learning context on one hand and the theories and techniques of language testing on the other, and whether there is a matching between these theories of language testing and the practicality of these theories. We believe that there is a great mismatch between theories and practice of language testing as a result of the practices and the necessary expertise and knowledge needed in testing. This situation affects, to a great extent, the experience of language teaching learning process. This paper is a qualitative historical survey on language teaching learning context and theories of testing and language testing in particular. To process the study some related studies and literature will be explored, and some instances of language testing will be used to support this theoretical framework and to confirm our hypothesis that there is a gap between what is taught and what is examined. The study will include its importance, the methodological procedures that will be followed to attain the findings, recommendations and suggestions for future studies to let discussion in this area furthered in the future.","PeriodicalId":181603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Education And Language Studies","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127739871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.1
Majeed Khairallah Rah, Abdelmalek Belkheiry
This research seeks to study the functional relationship between the lexical units and what the hypotheses of textual linguistics and pragmatics put forward, and this is what required us to address the functional achievement achieved by words in terms of functions and values within texts according to relationships based on meaning, referral and intent. In order to reach an actual explanatory competence that guarantees accurate knowledge of how the lexicon works, this calls for research into the functional support relationships between levels of grammar, and semantics, and deliberation in building and interpreting the rules of text formation and discourses at the linguistic and pragmatic levels. This is on the grounds that the structural and semantic properties formed the core of the textual research, and therefore the textual research is carried out on the levels: grammar, semantics and circulation and it is not permissible to separate them. And the research on the relations of methodological compatibility and functional integration between the lexicon, text, and circulation, is usually related to the study of the textual-pragmatic functionalism accomplished by lexical units within texts, according to the processes of linking and cohesion between the constituent units of the text and the conversational processes performed between interlocutors in certain contextual conditions. Accordingly, the treatment of the established relationship between the lexicon, the text and the circulation remains determined mainly by clarifying the functions that words accomplish within the circle of communication, that is, studying the role of words and the extent to which they are related to the activity of speech. The boundaries drawn by dictionaries for the word within narrow circles, related to description and identification necessarily, will be different from those textual-deliberative conditions of the word included in the conversational processes charged with the terms of interaction and influence, and this is what prompts us to distinguish between the words deposited in the memory of dictionaries and their expressive efficiency achieved in the context.
{"title":"LEXICON REFERENCING AND TEXT-PRAGMATIC ANALYSIS: CONCEPTS AND APPLICATIONS","authors":"Majeed Khairallah Rah, Abdelmalek Belkheiry","doi":"10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.2-2.1","url":null,"abstract":"This research seeks to study the functional relationship between the lexical units and what the hypotheses of textual linguistics and pragmatics put forward, and this is what required us to address the functional achievement achieved by words in terms of functions and values within texts according to relationships based on meaning, referral and intent. In order to reach an actual explanatory competence that guarantees accurate knowledge of how the lexicon works, this calls for research into the functional support relationships between levels of grammar, and semantics, and deliberation in building and interpreting the rules of text formation and discourses at the linguistic and pragmatic levels. This is on the grounds that the structural and semantic properties formed the core of the textual research, and therefore the textual research is carried out on the levels: grammar, semantics and circulation and it is not permissible to separate them. And the research on the relations of methodological compatibility and functional integration between the lexicon, text, and circulation, is usually related to the study of the textual-pragmatic functionalism accomplished by lexical units within texts, according to the processes of linking and cohesion between the constituent units of the text and the conversational processes performed between interlocutors in certain contextual conditions. Accordingly, the treatment of the established relationship between the lexicon, the text and the circulation remains determined mainly by clarifying the functions that words accomplish within the circle of communication, that is, studying the role of words and the extent to which they are related to the activity of speech. The boundaries drawn by dictionaries for the word within narrow circles, related to description and identification necessarily, will be different from those textual-deliberative conditions of the word included in the conversational processes charged with the terms of interaction and influence, and this is what prompts us to distinguish between the words deposited in the memory of dictionaries and their expressive efficiency achieved in the context.","PeriodicalId":181603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Education And Language Studies","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133182881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-01DOI: 10.47832/2791-9323.1-2.3
Salwa Gerges Salman
This paper aims to identify the aesthetic characteristics of the element of place in the novel (The Alchemist) through the process of influence, being affected, and revealing contradictions that existing in the human community. The plan involves an introduction and two chapters. The introduction came in two axes: the first: the place, linguistically and idiomatically, and the second axis: the summary of the novel. Whereas the first chapter, which is labeled (types of place), is based on four topics: - The first: the domesticated place - the non-domesticated place. - The second: the open space - the closed place - Third: Place of residence - place of relocation - Fourth: the real place - the imaginary place Moreover, the second chapter entitled (Description), it included three sections: - The first: the relationship of place to the character. - The second: the relationship of the place to the event. - The third: the relationship of the character to the event. At the end we conclude the conclusion of the paper with the most important results.
{"title":"THE AESTHETICS OF PLACE IN THE ALCHEMIST'S NOVEL FOR PAULO COELHO","authors":"Salwa Gerges Salman","doi":"10.47832/2791-9323.1-2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47832/2791-9323.1-2.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper aims to identify the aesthetic characteristics of the element of place in the novel (The Alchemist) through the process of influence, being affected, and revealing contradictions that existing in the human community. The plan involves an introduction and two chapters. The introduction came in two axes: the first: the place, linguistically and idiomatically, and the second axis: the summary of the novel. Whereas the first chapter, which is labeled (types of place), is based on four topics: - The first: the domesticated place - the non-domesticated place. - The second: the open space - the closed place - Third: Place of residence - place of relocation - Fourth: the real place - the imaginary place Moreover, the second chapter entitled (Description), it included three sections: - The first: the relationship of place to the character. - The second: the relationship of the place to the event. - The third: the relationship of the character to the event. At the end we conclude the conclusion of the paper with the most important results.","PeriodicalId":181603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal Of Education And Language Studies","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130305087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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